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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra C] DaoN0 zaktikumAra zarmA, "zakunta", sahAyaka zodha adhikArI (saMskRta), sAhitya saMsthAna, rAjasthAna vidyApITha, udayapura karmakANDa evaM ADambara ke virodha meM panape jaina aura bauddha dharmoM ne samAja ke abhijAtya varga meM vyApta kurItiyoM ko samApta karane ke lie lokabhASA evaM loka saMskRti kA Azraya liyaa| pAli evaM prAkRta kI saritA meM gautama buddha evaM mahAvIra ne apane upadezoM ko pravAhita kiyaa| tripiTaka evaM Agama sAhitya kI racanAe~ huii| tathApi janamAnasa meM saMskRta tatvajJoM ke prati vyApta Adara kI bhAvanA ne bauddha evaM jaina tattvajJoM ko bhI prabhAvita kiyA / azvaghoSa ne saundarAnanda evaM buddhavarita livakara khyAti oNjata kii| phalata: jaina dharma ne bhI dharmAzarmAbhyudaya evaM yazastilakacampU kI racanA kara saMskRta meM pardApaNa kiyaa| rAjasthAna kA jaina sAhityakAra bhI isa kArya meM pIche nahIM rhaa| vikrama kI aSTama zatI se pravAhita yaha srotasvinI Aja taka bhI kalakala dhvani se marudharA ko ninAdita karatI rahI hai| (1) raviSeNa-raviSeNa sena paramparA ke AcArya lakSmaNasena ke ziSya the|' sena saMgha ke bhaTTAraka somakIti rAjasthAna ke nivAsI hone ke kAraNa digambara sampradAya ke isa saMgha kA rAjasthAna meM bahuta pracAra thaa| vidvAnoM kA anumAna hai ki Apa bhI rAjasthAna ke nivAsI the| padmacarita kI puSpikA ke anusAra isa racanA kI samApti mahAvIra nirvANa ke 1203 varSa, 6 mAha pazcAta vikrama saMvat 734 meM huI / ataeva inakA samaya vikrama kI 8vIM zatI svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| padmacarita jaina dRSTikoNa se likhI gaI rAmakathA hai| maryAdA puruSottama rAma hI isa kAvya ke nAyaka padma haiM / 123 parvo kI isa racanA meM AThaveM nArAyaNa lakSmaNa, bharata, sItA, janaka, aMjanA, pavana, hanumAna, rAkSasavaMzI rAvaNa, vibhISaNa evaM sugrIva kA vistRta varNana hai| (2) haribhadrasUri-zvetAmbara sampradAya ke Apta puruSa haribhadrasUri kI lIlAbhUmi citrakUTa (cittaur3a) thii| rAjapurohita jAti meM utpanna AcArya haribhadra ne yAkinI nAmaka mahattarA se pratibodhita hokara saMnyAsa grahaNa kiyaa| Apake dIkSA guru jinadattasUri the / ApakA AvirbhAva saM0 757 se 857 ke madhya svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| __ bhAratIya darzana ke gar3hatama rahasyoM kA adhyayana kara Apane yoga darzana ko jaina dharma se mizrita kara yogadRSTi samuccaya, yogabindu, yoga-zataka evaM yogavizikA nAmaka kRtiyoM kI racanA kii| nyAyadarzana ke dRSTikoNa se anekAntavAda praveza, anekAntajayapatAkA, nyAyavinizcaya, lokatattvanirNaya, zastravArtA samuccaya, sarvajJasiddhi prakaraNa maulika evaM diGnAga kRta nyAya praveza TIkA tathA nyAyAvatAra TIkA, TIkAgrantha haiM / TIkA granthoM kI dRSTi se ApakI sAhitya ko bahuta bahuta bar3I dena hai| inake pramukha TIkA grantha nimna haiM -padmacarita 1. AsAdindraguro divAkarapatiH, ziSyo'sya cAhanmani / tasmAllakSmaNasena sanmuniradaH, ziSyo ravistu smRtaH / / dvizatAbhyadhike samA sahasra, samatIte ardhacaturtha-varSa-yute / jinabhAskaravardhamAnasiddheH, caritaM padmaneridaM nibaddham // -padmacarita
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________________ . 448 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa .... . ................................................................... anuyogadvArasUtra TIkA, AvazyakasUtra bRhadvRtti, Avazyaka niyukti TIkA, jambUdvIpaprajJaptisUtra TIkA, jIvAgama-sUtra-laghuvRtti, tattvArthasUtraTIkA, dazavaikAlika sUtraTIkA, nandIsUtraTIkA, piNDaniyukti TIkA, prajJApanA sUtra pradeza vyAkhyA, lalitavistarA, caityavandana sUtravRtti aadi|| rAjasthAna ke saMskRta sAhitya ko AcArya haribhadrasUri kA Adi kavi kahA jA sakatA hai| (3) siddhaSisUri-siSisUri nivRtti kula ke AcArya durgasvAmI ke ziSya the / AcArya durgasvAmI kA svargavAsa bhinnamAla (bhInamAla) meM huaa| ataeva ApakA kAryakSetra rAjasthAna hI rahA / durgasvAmI kI mRtyu ke pazcAt Apane gargasvAmI ko apanA guru banAkara dIkSA grahaNa kii| upamitibhavaprapaMca kathA meM saM0 662 aMkita hai| ataeva ApakA sthiti kAla 10vIM zatI svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ApakI do racanAe~ sAhityika jagat meM vikhyAta rahIM-upamitibhava-prapaMca nAmaka racanA eka vizAlakAya mahArUpaka hai| vizva sAhitya meM yaha eka prAcInatama rUpakamaya upanyAsa hai| pratIta hotA hai ki saMskRta kavi kRSNacandra yati ko 'mohavijaya' nAmaka rUpaka likhane kI preraNA isa grantha se milI hogii| candrakevalI carita eka carita kAvya hai| inake atirikta upadezamAlA evaM nyAyA vatAra para ApakI TIkAe~ bhI prasiddha haiN| - (4) amRtacandra-mahApaNDita AzAdhara ne amRtacandra kA ullekha sUripada ke sAtha kiyA jisase jJAta hotA hai ki ve abhijAta kula ke the| paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne likhA hai-"amRtacandra vAmaNavADe Aye tathA siMha nAmaka kavi ko 'pajjuNNacariu' likhane kI preraNA dii| yaha bAmaNavAr3a yadi savAImAdhopura jile meM sthita bAmaNavAsa hai to ApakA kAryakSetra rAjasthAna hI siddha hotA hai| ApakA sthitikAla 10vIM evaM 11vIM zatI ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai| ApakI tIna racanAe~ prasiddha haiM-(1) puruSArthasiddha yupAya, (2) tattvArthasAra, (3) samayasArakalaza / puruSArthasiddha yupAya 226 padyoM kI saMskRta racanA hai jisameM jainadharma ke triratna (samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna, samyakcAritra) vyavahAranaya-nizcayanaya, Asrava Adi jaina darzana ke tattvoM kA vivecana hai| adhikAroM se saMvalita tattvArthasAra meM jIva-ajIva, Asrava, bandha, mokSa, nirjarA Adi kA vizada vizleSaNa hai| AcArya kundakunda kI kRti samayasAra para AtmakhyAti nAmaka TIkA meM pariSkRta gadyazailI evaM gAthA ke zabdoM kI vyAkhyA ke manorama udAharaNa prApta hote haiN| (5) rAmasena-digambara sampradAya ke prastuta kavi rAmasena bAgaDa (DUMgarapura-bAMsavAr3A kSetra) se sambandhita evaM narasiMhapurA jAti ke saMsthApaka the| bhaTTAraka paramparA ke aneka vidvAnoM ne apanI prazastiyoM meM rAmasena ko AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai / ApakA samaya 10vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| tattvAnuzAsana nAmaka 258 zlokoM kI racanA meM adhyAtma kA sundara vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| apanI subodha evaM sarala zailI ke mAdhyama se kaThora, nIrasa evaM durbodha viSaya ko bhI sahaja, sarala evaM sarasa banA diyA hai / karmabandha, usakI mukti, mukti kA upAya (dhyAna), usakA bheda Adi kA varNana sahaja evaM AkarSaka bana par3A hai| (6) AcArya mahAsena-AcArya mahAsena lAla bAgar3a saMgha ke pUrNacanda jayasena tathA guNAkarasena sUri ke ziSya the| inake guNoM ke parigaNana meM siddhAntajJa, vAgmI, yazasviyoM dvArA mAnya, sajjanoM meM agraNI evaM paramAra vaMzI muMja dvArA pUjita' vizeSaNoM kA prayoga huA hai| muMja ke sthitikAla ke AdhAra para ApakA samaya 10vIM zatI svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / 1 tacchiSyo viditAkhilorusamayo vAdI ca vAmmI kavi, zabdabrahmavicAradhAmayazasAM mAnyo staamgrnnii| AsIt zrImahasenasUriranaghaH zrImuMjarAja citaH, sImAdarzanabodhaprattapasAM bhabyAbjanI bAndhavaH //
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 446 ...... .................................................................... ApakI samagra kI ti ekamAtra kRti pradyumnacarita para avalambita hai| 14 sargoM ke isa mahAkAvya meM zrIkRSNa ke putra pradyumna kA jIvana carita rasa evaM alaMkAroM se sarasa evaM alaMkRta kAvyazailI meM nibaddha hai| (7) jinezvarasUri-madhya pradeza ke nivAsI kRSNa brAhmaNa ke putra zrIdhara hI vardhamAna sUri se dIkSA prApta kara jinezvarasUri ho gye| aNahilapurapattana meM ApakA zAstrArtha sUrAcArya jI se huaa| mahArAjA durlabharAja kI adhyakSatA meM hone vAle isa zAstrArtha meM jinezvarasUri ko vijaya ke sAtha kharatara nAmaka viruda kI prApti huii| ApakA kAryakSetra rAjasthAna va gujarAta thaa| ApakI racanAe~ mUlataH TIkAe~ haiM / pramAlakSya, aSTakaprakaraNa evaM kathAkoSa prakaraNa para jAlora evaM DIDavAnA meM svopajJa nAmaka TIkAoM kI racanAe~ kii| pramAlakSya jainadarzana kA Adya grantha evaM zeSa prakaraNa grantha haiN| ina tIna granthoM kI racanA Apane gyArahavIM zatI meM kI hai| (E) buddhisAgarasUri-zrIdhara ke anuja zrIpati ne bhI dIkSA grahaNa kara buddhisAgara nAma dhAraNa kiyA / jinezvarasUri ke anuja hone ke nAte ApakA samaya bhI gyArahavIM zatI hI svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ApakI ekamAtra kRti paMcagranthI vyAkaraNa hai jisakA apara nAma hI buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa ho gayA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne bhI isa vyAkaraNa kA upayoga apane granthoM meM kiyA hai| (8) kavi uDDhA-citrakUTa ke nivAsI kavi DaDDhA poravAr3a jAti ke zrIpAla ke putra the / ApakA nivAsasthAna citrakUTa thaa| vidvAnoM ke anusAra ApakA samaya 1050 hai / ApakI ekamAtra kRti saMskRta paMcasaMgraha hai, jo prAkRta paMcasaMgraha kA anuvAda mAtra hai| yadyapi paMcasaMgraha kA anuvAda amitagati ne bhI kiyA thaa| kintu amitagati ke anuvAda meM jahA~ anAvazyaka bAteM bhI haiM, vahA~ DaDDhA ne vANI para saMyama kA aMkuza rakhA hai| (10) AcArya zubhacanda-zubhacanda nAma se kaI AcArya jaina paramparA meM ho cuke haiN| prastuta zubhacanda' ke nivAsasthAna, kula, vaMza paramparA ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nhiiN| inakI kRti jJAnArNava kI zatAdhika pratiyA~ rAjasthAna ke jaina bhaNDAroM meM prApta hotI haiM, jisase yaha anumAna honA hai ki Apa rAjasthAna ke nivAsI the| ____ApakI kRti jJAnArNava yoga darzana (jaina mAnyatAnusAra) kA pramukha grantha hai| 48 prakaraNoM ke isa grantha meM 12 bhAvanA, paMcamahAvrata, dhyAna Adi kA sundara vivecana huA hai| (11) AcArya brahmadeva-AcArya brahmadeva Azramapattana ke nivAsI the| Azramapattana bUMdI jile meM avasthita kezavarAyapattana (kezArAyapATana) kA purAnA nAma hai / brahmadeva kI donoM kRtiyoM kI racanA yahA~ hii| Apane do graMthoM-bahad-dravya-saMgraha evaM paramAtma prakAza para zreSThI somarAja ke lie TIkA likhI / dravyasaMgraha meM zreSThI somarAja ke praznoM kA nAmollekha ke sAtha uttara diyA gayA hai jisase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki zreSThI somarAja kI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna ukta grantha ke rUpa meM huA hai| (12) jinavallabhasUri-jinavallabhasUri kA adhikatara samaya citrakUTa meM hI vyatIta huaa| Apa jinezvara sari ke ziSya the evaM abhayadevasUri ke pAsa adhyayana karate the| saM0 1167 meM abhayadevasUri kI mRtyu ke pazcAta AcArya pada para abhiSikta hue / isI varSa Apa bhI apane guru kA anugamana svarga cale gye|' ApakI kRtiyA~ aneka haiM jinake nAma nimna prakAra parigaNita kiye jA sakate haiM 1. ballabha bhAratI
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________________ 450 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa ...... ................................................................... saiddhAntika racanAe~ ye haiM:1. dharmazikSA prakaraNa 2. saMghapaTTaka 3. sUkSmArtha vicArasAroddhAra 4. Agamika vastu vicArasAra 5. piNDavizuddhi 6. dvAdazakulaka aadi| ___ sAhityika saundarya se saMbalita racanAe~ nimna haiM:1. zRgArazataka 2. praznottarakaSaSTizatakAvya 3. aSTa saptatikA athavA citrakUTadvIpa vIra caitya prazasti 4. bhAvArivAraNa Adi / (13) jinapatisari-maladhArI jinacandra ke ziSya jinapati sUri kA janma saM0 1210 meM vikramapura meM huaa| Apake pitA kA nAma yazovardhana evaM mAtA kA nAma sUhavadevI thaa| Apane AzikA-nareza bhImasiMha evaM ajamera-nareza pRthvIrAja cauhAna kI sabhA meM zastrArtha kara vijaya prApta kii| ApakI dIkSA 1217 meM, AcArya pada prApti 1223 tathA mRtyu 1277 meM huii| ApakI racanAoM meM katipaya stotra ke atirikta vRttiyA~ pramukha haiN| jinavallabhasUri kI saMghapaTTaka evaM buddhisAgara kI paMcaliMgI vyAkaraNa para ApakI TIkAyeM prasiddha haiN| prabodhodaya evaM vAdasthala nAmaka kRtiyA~ darzana evaM tarka kI dRSTi se upayogI pratIta hotI haiM / (14) jinapAlopAdhyAya-jinapati sUri ke ziSya jinapAlopAdhyAya kI dIkSA saMvat 1225 meM puSkara meM huI / saM0 1273 bRhaddvAra meM kazmIrI paNDita manodAnanda ke sAtha zastrArtha kara vijaya prApta kii| saM0 1311 meM pAlanapura meM ApakA svargavAsa huA / ata: rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta ApakA kAryakSetra svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ApakI kRtiyoM meM do mUla evaM zeSa TIkA kRtiyA~ haiM / sanatkumAra cakrIcarita' zizupAlavadha kI koTi kA eka zreSTha mahAkAvya hai| jabaki yugapradhAna AcArya gurvAvalI jaina AcAryoM kA aitihAsika vivaraNa pradAna karatI hai| SaTsthAnaka prakaraNa, upadeza rasAyana, dvAdaza kulaka, dharmazikSA evaM carcaTI para vivaraNa nAmaka TIkAyeM pramukha hai| AcArya jinapAla eka ora mUlagrantha racane kI kArayitrI pratibhA se suzobhita haiM vahIM prAcIna granthoM ko samajhakara TIkA karane kI bhAvayitrI pratibhA se bhI sampanna haiN| (15) lakSmItilakopAdhyAya-jAlora janapada ke nivAsI upAdhyAya lakSmItilaka ne pratyekabuddha carita mahAkAvya kI racanA kI / isa kAvya meM jaina dharma ke sabhI muktapuruSoM ke jIvanacarita kA kramika vivaraNa hai| zrAvakadharma bRhadvRti kI racanA jAlora meM huii| (16) AcArya jayasena - vIrasena ke praziSya evaM somasena ke ziSya AcArya jayasena kA pArivArika nAma cArubhaTa thaa| digambara sampradAya meM dIkSita hone ke pazcAt hI ApakA nAma jayasena rakhA gyaa| inake pitAmaha kA nAma bhAlUzAha evaM pitA kA nAma mahIpati thaa| DA. e. ena. upAdhyAya ne inakA samaya 12-13vIM zatI mAnA hai| 1. khataratagacchAlaMkAra yugapradhAnAcArya gurvAvalI 2. yaha grantha mahA vinayasAgara dvArA sampAdita hokara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura se prakAzita ho gayA haiN| 3. sUri zrI vIrasenAkhyo mUlasaMghe'pi sattayA / nairgranthapadavIM bheje jAtarUpadharo'pi yaH / tataH zrI somaseno'bhUt gaNIguNagaNAzraya, tadvineyo'sti yastasmai jayasena tapobhRte / zIghra babhUva mAlUsAdhusadA . dharmaratovadAndha, sunustataH sAdhu mahIpatistamArayaM cArubhaTa stanUjaH // .
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 451 (17) paM0 AzAdhara-paM0 AzAdhara mUlata: maNDalagar3ha (mevAr3a) ke nivAsI the| Apake pitA kA nAma salakkhaNa evaM mAtA kA nAma zrIratnI thaa| ApakI patnI sarasvatI evaM putra chAhar3a thaa| zahAbuddIna gaurI dvArA ajamera evaM dillI para adhikAra kara lene ke kAraNa dhArA nagarI cale gaye vahA~ se nalakacchapura (nAlachA) cale gye| nalakacchapura meM adhyayana adhyApana karate rahe / saM0 1282 meM Apa nalakacchapura se salakhaNa cale gye| ApakI gati nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, alaMkAra Adi meM thii| ApakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA ke pariNAmasvarUpa 18 grantha ratnoM kI sRSTi huii| unake nAma kramaza: nimna haiM:1. prameyaratnAkara 2. bharatezvarAbhyudaya 3. jJAnadIpikA 4. rAjamatIvipralambha 5. adhyAtmarahasya 6. mUlarAdhanA TIkA 7. iSTopadeza TIkA 8. ArAdhanAsAra TIkA 9. amarakoza TIkA 10. bhUpAna caturviMzati TIkA 11. kriyAkalApa 12. kAvyAlaMkAra TIkA 13. jinasahasranAma 14. jinapaMjara kAvya 15. triSaSTi smRti zAstra 16. ratnatraya vidhAna 17. sAgAra dharmAmRta 18. anAgAra dharmAmRta uparyukta granthoM meM se prameyaratnAkara, bharatezvarAbhyudaya, jJAnadIpikA, rAjamatIvipralaMbha, amarakozaTIkA Adi grantha abhI taka anupalabdha haiN| zeSa meM jinapaMjarakAvya evaM jinasahasranAma stotra haiM / ___ adhyAtmarahasya darzana kA grantha hai| isameM AzAdhara ne bahirAtmA-antarAtmA evaM paramAtmA ke sthAna para svAtmA, zuddhAtmA evaM parabrahma nAmaka bheda kiye haiN| triSaSTismRtizAstra kI racanA jAjaka paNDita kI preraNA se huii| isameM presaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA jIvanacaritra saMkSepa meM vaNita hai| sAgAra dharmAmRta meM gRhastha jIvana kI AcAra saMhitA tathA anAgAra dharmAmRta meM muni jIbana kI AcAra saMhitA kA varNana hai| ukta donoM granthoM kI racanA kramazaH saM0 1296 evaM saM0 1300 huii| (18) vAgbhaTTa-prastuta vAgbhaTTa aSTAMgahRdayakAra, neminirvANa mahAkAvyakAra tathA vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra-kartA tInoM hI vAgbhaTToM se bhinna haiM / Apa mAkkalaya ke pautra nemikumAra ke putra the| ApakI do vRttiyA~ prasiddha haiM-chando'nuzAsana evaM kAvyAnuzAsana / chando'nuzAsana 1. saMjJAdhyAya, 2. samavRttarUpa 3. ardhasamavRtta, 4. mAtrAsamaka, 5. mAtrAchandaka nAmaka pA~ca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| 286 sUtroM ke kAvyAnuzAsana meM rasa, alaMkAra, chanda, guNa, doSa Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| svaracita svopajJa TIkA meM paramparAnusAra vibhinna granthoM ke padya udAharaNa rUpa meM diye gaye haiN| ina donoM granthoM se jJAta hotA hai Apa kAvyazAstra ke utkRSTa koTi ke vidvAn the| (16) abhayatilaka-13vIM evaM 14vIM zatI meM vartamAna abhaya tilakopAdhyAya ne jinezvara sUri ko apanA guru bnaayaa| 1291 meM dIkSita hone ke pazcAt 1316 meM upAdhyAya pada prApta kiyaa| 1. mlecchezena sapAdalakSaviSaye vyAptisuvRttakSiti trAsAnvindhya narendradauH parimalasphUrjastritargojasi // prAptomAlavamaNDale bahuparIvAraH purImAbAsan / yodhArAmapaThajjinapramiti vAkyazAstra mahAvIrataH / / 2. zrImadarjUna bhUpAlarAjye zrAvakasaMkule / jainadharmodayArtha yo nalakacchapure'vasat //
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________________ 452 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa ApakI tIna racanAyeM prasiddha haiM-1. paMcaprasthAna nyAya-tarka vyAkhyA 2. pAnIya vAdasthala, 3. hemacandrIya dvayAzraya kAvya ttiikaa| (20) jinaprabhasUri-jinasiMha sUri ke ziSya jinaprabhasUri mohilIvAr3I (jhujhunu) ke nivAsI ratnapAla eva khetaladevI ke putra the / Apane saM0 1366 meM dIkSA prApta karake saM0 1341 meM AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| ApakI pramukha racanAyeM zreNikacarita evaM vividha tIrthakalpa maulika kRtiyA~ haiN| inake atirikta kalpasUtra, sAdhu pratikramaNa, SaDAvazyaka, anu yoga catuSTayavyAkhyA, pravrajyAbhidhAna, kAtaMtra vibhramaTIkA, anekArtha saMgraha, zeSa-saMgraha, vidagdhamukhamaNDana, gAyatrI vivaraNa Adi para TIkA likhii| (21) jinakuzalasUri- zvetAmbara sampradAya ke tIsare dAdAjI jinakuzalasuri ke guru kalikAlakalpataru jinacandra sUri the / saM0 1383 meM racita inakI ekamAtra kRti caityavaMdana kulaka vRtti hai| (22) padmanandi-bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke ziSya padmanandi jAti se brAhmaNa the| bhaTTAraka padmanandi bhaTTAraka banane se pUrva AcArya pada se suzobhita hote the / 34 varSa kI Ayu meM saM0 1685 meM bhaTTAraka pada prApti karane vAle padmanandi ne apanI bhakti ke prabhAva se pASANamayI sarasvatI ko mukha se bulA diyA thaa| ApakA kAryakSetra mevAr3a, hAr3autI, jhAlAvAr3a, ToMka Adi the| ApakI adhikatara racanAe~ pUjA, stotra, kathA Adi vargoM meM AtI haiM-1. zrAvakAcAra, 2. vratodyApanapUjA, 3. nandIzvara bhaktipUjA, 4. sarasvatI pUjA, 5. siddhapUjA, 6. vItarAgastotra, 7. pArzvanAthastotra, 8. lakSmIstotra, 6. zAMtinAthastavana, 10. paramAtmarAjastotra, 11. bhAvanA caubIsA, 12. devazAstragurupUjA, 13. ratnatraya pUjA, 14. anntvrtkthaa| (23) bhaTTAraka sakalakoti-santa sakalakIti kA janma 14431 meM karamasiMha evaM zobhAdevI ke ghara huaa| ApakA bacapana kA nAma pUrNasiMha padartha thA / 26 varSa kI Ayu meM sampUrNa sampatti ko tyAgakara saMnyAsa grahaNa kara liyaa| naiNavAM nAmaka grAma meM bhaTTAraka padmanandi ke pAsa Apa rhe| Apane na kevala svAdhyAya kiyA apitu ziSyoM ko bhI adhyApana karavAyA / brahma jinadAsa ne Apako nirgrantharAja harivaMzapurANakAra ne taponidhi tathA sakalabhUSaNa ne puNyamUrti5 kahA / inakI mRtyu mahasAnA meM 1466 meM huii| ApakI racanAe~ lagabhaga 50 haiN| unameM saMskRta racanAoM ke nAma kramazaH nimna prakAra hai(1) mUlAcAra pradIpa, (2) praznottaropAsakAcAra, (3) AdipurANa, (4) uttarapurANa (5) zAntinAthacarita, 1. haraSI suNIya suvANi pAlai anya uari sapara / couda tritAla pramANi purai dinaputra janamI / / nyAti mAMhi muhutavanta huMbaDa harakha bkhaanniie| karamasiMha vitapanna udayavanta hama jANIiya / / zobhita tarasa aradhAMga mUlI sahIsya sundarIya / sIla spagArita aMga pekhu pratyakSe puraMdarIya / / 3. tato'bhavattasya jagatprasiddheH, paTTemanojJa sakalAdikItiH / mahAkavi: zuddhacaritradhArI, nirgrantharAjA jagati pratApI / / 4. tatpaTTapakejavikAsabhAsvAn, babhUva nirgranthavara: pratApI / mahAkavitvAdikalApravINaH, taponidhizrIsakalAdikItiH / / tatpaTTadhArIjanacittahArI, purANamukhyottamazAstrakArI / bhaTTAraka zrI sakalAdikIrtiH, prasiddhanAmAjani puNyamUrtiH / / -jambUsvAmicaritam -harivaMza purANa -upadezaratnamAlA .
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 453 .......................................................................... (6) vardhamAnacarita (7) mallinAthacarita (8) yazodharacarita, (9) dhanyakumAracarita, (10) sukumAlacarita, (11) sudarzanacarita, (12) zrIpAlacarita, (13) nemijinacarita, (14) jambUsvAmIcarita, (15) sadbhASitAvalI, (16) vratakathAkoSa, (17) karmavipAka, (18) tattvArthasAradIpaka, (16) siddhAntasAradIpaka (20) AgamasAra, (21) paramAtmarAjastotra, (22) sAracatuviMzatikA, (23) dvaadshaanuprekssaa| ___AdipurANa evaM uttarapurANa bhAgavat purANa ke 24 avatAroM kI bhA~ti 24 tIrthaMkaroM kA vivecana dete haiN| AdipurANa meM 20 sargoM meM RSabhanAtha kA carita vaNita hai to uttarapurANa meM zeSa 23 tIrthaMkaroM kA carita varNita hai| mallinAtha, pArzvanAtha, varddhamAna, yazodhara, zAntinAtha, dhanyakumAra evaM nemijinacarita kAvyoM meM nAmAnusAra tIrthaMkaroM evaM mahApuruSoM kA carita kramaza: 27, 23, 16, 8, 16 sargoM meM varNita hai| sadbhASitAvalI eka subhASita grantha hai| karmavipAka evaM tattvArthasAra jaina dharma kI dArzanika mAnyatAoM para prakAza DAlatA hai| vratakathAkoSa meM vratoM evaM paramAtmarAjastotra stutigrantha hai| (24) jinavardhanasUri-jinarAjasUri ke ziSya jinavardhanasUri ne devakulapATana meM saM0 1461 meM AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| ApakA kAryakSetra jaisalamera aura mevAr3a thA / ApakI racanAoM meM sarvapramukha racanA pratyekabuddhacarita evaM satyapuramaNDana pramukha hai| pratyekabuddhacarita meM raghuvaMza kI bhAMti sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kA kramika jIvana-carita vaNita hai| TIkA sAhitya kI dRSTi se saptapadArthI TIkA evaM vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra TIkA ApakI nyAya evaM kAvyazAstra kI marmajJa vidvattA kA dyotana karAtI hai| (25) bADava-bADava eka saphala TIkAkAra hai| bADava kI TIkAoM ke smaraNamAtra se mallinAtha kI smRti ho AtI hai| virATanagara rAjasthAna ke nivAsI bADava ne pratyeka mahattvapUrNa mahAkAvya ko apanI TIkA se vibhUSita kiyA hai| mallinAtha ne apanI TIkAoM kA nAma saMjIvanI rakhA to "bADava ne apanI sabhI TIkAoM kA nAma avacUri rakhA / Apane kumArasaMbhava, raghuvaMza, kirAtArjunIyam, 'meghadUta, zizupAlavadha ke atirikta vRttaratnAkara, vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra, vidagdha mukhamaNDana evaM yogazAstra jaise zAstrIya granthoM para bhI TIkAe~ likhI haiM / stotroM para TIkA likhane kI paramparA kA nirvAha kara Apane vItarAgastotra, bhaktAmarastotra, jIrApallIpArzvanAthastotra, kalyANamandirastotra evaM tripurAstotra para avacUri kA praNayana kiyaa| (26) cAritravardhana-kalyANarAja ke ziSya cAritravardhana kA samaya 1470-1520 thaa| ApakA kAryakSetra jhuMjhanU ke Asa-pAsa rahA / bADaba kI paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue Apane bhI TIkA sAhitya kA praNayana kiyaa| ___ ApakI pramukha kRtiyAM-raghuvaMza, kumArasaMbhava, zizupAlavadha, meghadUta, naiSadhIyakAvyam, rAghavapANDavIya, Adi mahAkAvyoM para TIkAe~ haiN| sindUraprakaraNa TokA bhAvArivAraNa evaM kalyANamandirastotra kI TIkA jaina sampradAyoM meM atyadhi ka lokapriya rhii| (27) jayasAgara-saM0 1540 meM AsarAja evaM sokhU ke ghara meM janme jayadatta jinarAja kA ziSyatva svIkAra kara jayasAgara bana gye| Apake bhAI maNDalIka ne AbU meM kharatara vasahI kA nirmANa krvaayaa| jaisalamera, AbU, gujarAta, siMdha, paMjAba evaM himAcala kA vihAra karane vAle muni jayasAgara ne zatAdhika stotroM kI racanA kii| inakI mukhya kRtiyA~ vijJapti-triveNI haiN| pRthvIcandracarita, zAntinAthajinAlaya prazasti, sandoha dohAvalI TIkA, gurupAratantryastotraTIkA, bhAvArivAraNa TIkA haiN| vijJaptitriveNI eka aitihAsika racanA hai, jisameM nagarakoTa, kAMgar3A Adi kA durlabha vivaraNa prApta hotA hai| pRthvIcandracarita caritakAvya evaM zAntinAtha jinAlaya prazasti jaisalamera, meM ukta nAma se bane mandira kI prazasti hai| (28) kotiratnasUri-jinavardhanasUri ke ziSya evaM devalade ke putra delhAkaMbara hI Age calakara kIrtiratnasUri
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________________ -0 0 454 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa *** ke nAma se vikhyAta hue| ApakI dIkSA saM0 1463 meM huI aura vAcanAcArya pada 1470, upAdhyAya 1480 evaM AcArya pada 1467 meM prApta kiyA / +++ ApakI ekamAtra racanA neminAtha mahAkAvya hai / neminAtha mahAkAvya saMskRta ke hrAsakAla kI racanA hai / bhAravi evaM mAya dvArA pravartita alaMkAra mArga kI pravRttiyoM kA anukaraNa karate hue kItiratnasUri ne choTI-sI ghaTanA ko sajA-saMvAra kara 12 sargoM meM prastArita kara diyaa| svapna, vasanta varNana, dharmopadeza, nirvANa prApti Adi ke vivaraNa manorama evaM rocaka bana par3e haiN| (29) navacandrasUri navacandrasUri ke jIvana-caritra ke viSaya meM vizeSa sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM ho skii| tomaranareza vIrama ke sabhAsadoM kI vyagyokti se Ahata hokara nayacandra sUri ne prAcIna kaviyoM kI pratibhA se pratispardhA meM hammIra mahAkAvya kI racanA kI / " raNastambhapura ( raNathambhaura ) ke mahArAjA hammIra ke jIvana carita kA varNana hone ke kAraNa itanA niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki unakA rAjasthAna se gahana sambandha rahA hogA / " prathama chaH sargoM meM cAhamAna vaMza kI utpatti tathA hammIra ke pUrvajoM kA varNana hai| mukhya kathana 8-13 sargoM meM hai / rAjapUtI zaurya kI sAkAra pratimA mahAhaThI hammIra evaM alAuddIna khilajI ke ghanaghora yuddhoM evaM antataH prANotsarga kA varNana hai| hamIra kAvyam kI pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki kalpanA evaM kAvya-saundarya ke AvaraNa meM kahIM bhI aitihAsika tathya vilIna nahIM ho pAye haiN| kAvya kI dRSTi se yaha grantha ucca bindu taka pahu~cA huA hai| isake kAvyagata vaiziSTya para svayaM kavi ko garva hai / (30) jinaharSa - jinaharSa ne apane kAvya vastupAlacarita kI racanA citrakUTa (citaur3a) ke jinezvara mandira meM saM0 1467 meM kii| * ATha vizAlakAya prastAvoM meM kavi ne cAlukya nareza vIradhavala ke nIti nipuNa mantrI vastupAla evaM unake anuja tejapAla kA jIvanacarita likhA hai| isa kAvya meM vastupAla evaM tejapAla ke viSaya meM upayogI jAnakArI hai kintu paurANika saMketoM evaM kAvyAtmaka varNanoM meM kathAvastu itanI ulajha gayI hai ki usako prApta karane ke lie pAThaka kA mana Ahata hokara nirAza ho jAtA hai| 4556 zlokoM ke isa mahAkAvya meM vastupAla ke jIvana para muzkila se 250300 zloka hI prApta hote haiM / kavi meM mAnavIya guNoM, sAhityika prema evaM jaina dharma ke prati apAra utsAha parilakSita hotA hai| vastupAla kA jitanA varNana diyA gayA hai vaha prAmANika hai yaha santoSa kI bAta hai / 1 hammIra mahAkAvyam, 14 : 43, 2 vahI, 14 : 26 3 vahI, 14 : 46 4 vastupAlacarita prazasti, 11 5 bhaTTAraka paTTAvali zAstra bhaNDAra (31) jinahaM sasUri - megharAja evaM kamalAde ke putra jinahaMsasUri jinasamudrasUri ke ziSya the| saM0 1524 meM janma grahaNa kara 1535 meM dIkSA prApta kI / dhaulapura meM bAdazAha ko camatkAra dikhAkara 500 bandiyoM ko kArAgAra se mukta karAyA / ApakI pramukha kRti AcArAMgasUtra dIpikA hai jisakI racanA 1572 meM bIkAnera meM huI / (32) bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa -- bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa nAmaka cAra vyakti ho cuke haiN| prastuta bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa jJAnakIrti ke bhrAtA the / saM0 1535 meM sAgavAr3A meM huI pratiSThAoM kA saMcAlana donoM bhrAtAoM ne hI kiyA / Apa bRhada zAkhA ke bhaTTAraka ke nAma se prasiddha haiM tathA jJAnakIrti laghuzAkhA ke Apane gujarAta, AbhIra, tailaba, mahArASTra, dravir3a, rAyadeza (IDara), merubhAra (mevAr3a), mAlavA, kurujAMgala, virATa, nImAr3a, Adi pradezoM ko apane jJAna se prabhAvita kiyA / .
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________________ bhaTTAraka jJAnahaMsa vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra sAhitya tarka Agama adhyAtma Adi zAstra rUpI kamaloM para vihAra karane vAle rAjahaMsa the / zRddha dhyAnAmRta pAna kI unheM lAlasA thI / " 3 nAthUrAma premI ne inake tattvajJAna-taraMgiNI, siddhAntasAra-bhASya, paramArthopadeza, AdIzvara phAga, bhaktAmarodyApana, sarasvatI pUjA tathA paramAnanda jI ne Atma-sambodhana kAvya sarasvatIstavana Adi racanAoM kA pariNayana kiyA hai / rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM meM RSimaNDala pUjA, paMcakalyANodyApanapUjA, bhaktAmarapUjA, zrutapUjA, zAstramaNDalapUjA tathA dazalakSaNa vratodyApana pUjA Adi atirikta graMtha bhI prApta hote haiM / rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 455 tattvajJAnataraMgiNI nAmaka racanA inakI sarvotkRSTa kRti hai / 18 adhyAyoM meM vibhakta tathApi laghukAya racanA meM zuddha Atmatattva prApti ke upAya batAye gaye haiM / bhaTTAraka pada chor3akara mumukSatva kI ora agrasara kavi kI yaha praur3ha racanA vidvattA evaM kAvyatva se paripUrNa hai / (33) bhaTTAraka zubhacandra vAlyakAla se bhaTTAraka zubhacandra vidvAnoM ke samparka meM rahane lage the| Apake guru bhaTTAraka vijayakIrti the / vyAkaraNa evaM chandazAstra meM nipuNatA prApta kara Apa bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa evaM vijayakIrti donoM ke sAnnidhya meM rahane lge| saM0 1573 meM Apa bhaTTAraka pada para abhiSikta hue| IDara zAkhA kI gaddI ke sarvocca adhikArI bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne rAjasthAna, gujarAta evaM uttara pradeza ko apane upadezoM se pavitra kiyA / bhaTTAraka zubhacandra vaktRtva kalA meM paTu evaM aneka viSayoM meM pAraMgata the| , saMghavyavathA evaM AtmasAdhanA ke atirikta samaya ko sAhitya sAdhanA meM lagAne vAle bhaTTAraka kI lagabhaga 40 saMskRta kRtiyAM haiN| inameM 1. candraprabhacarita 2. zreNikacarita 1 jIvaMdharacarita 4 pranacarita 2 pANDavapurANa kAvyAtmaka kRtiyAM haiN| pANDavapurANa kI lokapriyatA inake jIvanakAla meM hI bahuta adhika ho gayI thii| zeSa racanAoM meM candanakathA, aSTAnhika kathA racanAyeM kathA sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi karatI hai| zeSa racanAyeM pUjA, vyAkaraNa, nyAya sambandhI hai / lekha ke AdhAra ko dRSTigata rakhate hue una para vicAra karanA yahA~ sthagita rakhA gayA / (34) bhaTTAraka jinacandra - Apa var3alI nivAsI zrIvanta evaM siriyAdevI ke putra the / sulatAna kumAra nAmaka yaha AItI dIkSA prApta kara sumatidhIra evaM AcArya pada prApta kara jinacandra ho gye| saM0 1648 meM akabara ne Apako yugapradhAna kA viruddha pradAna kiyaa| rAjasthAna, gujarAta evaM paMjAba meM vihAra karane vAle AcArya jinacandra sUri kI eka hI kRti vikhyAta hai| auSadhi - vidhi- prakaraNa TIkA vAstava meM Ayurveda se sambandhita kRti hai / (35) puNyasAgara -- jinahaMsa sUri ke ziSya puNyasAgara kI do kRtiyA~ jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra TIkA evaM praznotarakaSaSThizatakAvya TIkA jinakI kramazaH 1645 meM jaisalamera evaM 1640 meM bIkAnera meM racanA huI / (36) jinarAjasUri-bIkAnera meM dharmasI evaM dhAralade ke ghara meM saM0 1647 meM ApakA janma huA / khetasI nAmaka yaha bAlaka 1656 meM dIkSA prApta kara rAjasamudra tathA AcArya pada prApta kara jinarAjasUri bana gyaa| Apa navyanyAya evaM sAhitya zAstra ke prakANDa paNDita the / 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa - nAthUrAma premI, pR0 381-82 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa - nAthUrAma premI, pR0 382 3. jaina prazasti saMgraha - paM0 paramAnanda 4. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI graMtha sUcI, bhAga caturtha 463-830 5. bhaTTAraka sampradAya, pR0 158 6. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pR0 383, 7. prazasti saMgraha DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, pR071 * .
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________________ 456 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.................................................... ApakI pramukha kRtiyA~ naiSadhIyacaritam kI jainarAjI TIkA evaM bhagavatI sUtra kI TIkA hai| naiSadhIya mahAkAvya kI TIkA parimANa 3600 zlokoM kA hai| (37) samayasundara-Apa kA janma sAMcora nivAsI rUpasI evaM lIlAdevI ke ghara saM0 1610 meM huaa| Apane sakalacandagaNi se dIkSA grahaNa kii| saM0 1640 meM gaNi, 1646 meM vAcanAcArya evaM 1681 meM upAdhyAya pada kramazaH jaisalamera, lAhaura evaM laverA meM prApta kiyaa| sindha ke adhikArI makhanUma mahamUda zekha kAjI aura jaisalamera ke rAvata bhImasiMha Apase prabhAvita the| samayasundara ne apane prabhAva kA upayoga kara sindha, jaisalamera, khaMbhAta, maNDovara evaM mer3atA ke zAsakoM se jIvahiMsA-niSedha kI ghoSaNA krvaaii| kazmIra vijaya ke samaya akabara ke sammukha kahe gaye vAkya-"rAjA no dadate saukhyam" ko AdhAra banAkara aSTalakSI kI racanA kii| Apa vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, sAhityazAstra Adi ke prakANDa paNDita the| ApakI pramukha racanAe~ nimna prakAra haiM-1. aSTalakSI, 2. jayasiMha sUri-padotsavakAvya, 3. raghuvaMzaTIkA, 4. kumAra-saMbhava-TIkA, 5. meghadUta TIkA, 6. zizupAlavadha tRtIyasarga kI TIkA, 7. rUpakamAlA avacUri, 8. Rssbhbhktaamr| ukta sAriNI se jJAta hotA hai ki Apa kAlidAsa evaM mAgha se atyadhika prabhAvita the| 4 racanAe~ to donoM kavi ke kAvyoM para TIkA hI haiN| jayasiMha padotsava kAvya bhI raghuvaMza ke zlokoM kI pAdapUrti hI hai| isI bhAMti RSabhabhaktAmara bhI vastuta: bhaktAmara stotra kI pAdapUrti hI hai| vAgbhaTAlaMkAra evaM vRttaratnAkara kI TIkA evaM bhAvazataka kAvyazAstra ke grantha haiN| jabaki sArasvata rahasya, liMgAnuzAsana avaNi, zabda rUpAvalI, aniTakArikA Adi grantha vyAkaraNa kI TIkAe~ evaM racanAe~ haiM / kalpasUtraTIkA, dazavakAlika sUtra TIkA, navatattva prakaraNa TIkA Adi TIkAyeM evaM vizeSa-zataka, gAthA-sahasrI. saptasmaraNa eva aneka stotroM kI racanA kara Apane bahuzrutatA kA paricaya diyaa| (38) guNavinaya-jayasomopAdhyAya ke ziSya guNavinaya ko 1646 meM vAcaka pada prApta huaa| samrATa jahA~gIra ne Apase atyadhika prabhAvita hokara kavirAja kI upAdhi pradAna kI / guNavinaya mUlata: TIkAkAra haiM unakI sabhI racanAyeM TIkAe~ hI haiN| 1. khaNDaprazastiTIkA, 2. nemidUta-TIkA, 3. damayantI-kathAcampU TIkA, 4. raghuvaMza TIkA, 5. vairAgyazataka TIkA, 6. saMbodha-saptati TIkA, 7. karmacandravaMza prabandha TIkA, 8. laghuzAMtistavaTIkA, 6. zIlopadezalaghuvRtti / pratIta hotA hai ki muni guNavinaya sAhitya (kAvya) premI the| ye svayaM kAvya kI rasacarvaNA kara dUsaroM ke lie bhI pAnaka rasa taiyAra kara dete the| ye TIkA grantha vAstavya meM kAvyAnanda meM AyI granthiyoM ko kholane ke lie hI likhe gaye haiN| (36) zrI ballabhopAdhyAya-jJAna vimalopAdhyAya ke ziSya zrI vallabhopAdhyAya kA kAryakSetra jodhapUra, nAgaura bIkAnera evaM gujarAta thaa| Apa vyAkaraNa koSa ke mUrdhanya vidvAn, kavi evaM saphala TIkAkAra the| ApakI kRtiyoM meM 8 mUla grantha evaM 12 TIkAyeM haiM / vijayadeva-mAhAtmya kAvya evaM vidvatprabodhakAvya mahAkAvya kI zreNI kI racanAe~ haiM / zeSa racanAe~ stutiyA~ evaM prazastiyA~ haiM jinameM arajinastava evaM rUpajIvaMzaprazasti pramukha haiN| 1. mahopAdhyAya samaya sundara ma0 vinayasAgara 2. yaha vRtti vinayasAgara ke sampAdana meM rAjasthAna prAcya vidyA pratiSThAna se prakAzita ho gii| 3. yaha kRti sumati sadana koTA se prakAzita hai| 4. prathama kRti rA0 prA0 vi0 pra0 jodhapura se evaM dvitIya kRti sumati sadana koTA se prakAzita hai| .
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra TIkA granthoM meM adhikAMza racanAe~ hemacandrAcArya kI haiM jinameM 1 hemanAmamAlA saMgraha TIkA 2. hemanAmamAlA ziloccha TIkA, 3. hemalaMgAnuzAsana durgapradaprabodha TIkA, 4. hemanighaNTu TIkA, 5. siddha hemazabdAnuzAsana TIkA pramukha hai| (40) sahajakIti - hemanandana ke ziSya sahajakIrti ne kalpasUtra, gautama kulaka, vairAgyazataka, sArasvata, Adi granthoM para TIkA likhI / 457 (41) guNaratna - vinayapramoda ke ziSya guNaratna kI kAvya prakAza, tarkabhASA, sArasvata evaM raghuvaMza para TIkA prApta hotI hai| yaha pratIta hotA hai ki Apa kAvyazAstra, nyAyadarzana, vyAkaraNa evaM sAhitya ke marmajJa vidvAna the / (42) suracanda vIrakalana ke liya sUracanda darzana evaM sAhityazAstra ke prakANDa paNDita the ApakI kRtiyoM sthUlabhadra guNamAlA kAvya, zAntilaharI, zRMgArarasamAlA evaM pardakavizati kAvya kI maulika racanAe~ haiN| aSTArthI zloka vRtti evaM 'jaina tatvasAra kI svopajJa TIkA' TIkA sAhitya ke antargata parigaNita hotI hai / 1 (43) meghavijayopAdhyAya kRpAvijaya ke ziSya meghavijayopAdhyAya kAvya, vyAkaraNa, nyAya, jyotiSa Adi ke vidvAn the / Apane apane Apako kAlidAsa, bhAravi, mAgha evaM kavirAja ke samakakSa mAnA hai / isalie inhoMne unakI zailI meM hI kAvya praNayana kiyA / kAlidAsa kI zailI meM meghadUta - samasyAlekha, bhAravi kI zailI meM kirAtArjunIya pAdapUrti, mAgha kI zailI meM devAnanda-mahAkAvya tathA kavirAja kI zailI meM saptasaMdhAnakAvya kA praNayana kiyaa| isa kAvya meM kavi ne rAma, kRSNa, RSabhadeva, zAntinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIra kA carita zleSa vidhi se varNita kiyaa| 2 zlokoM ke 7 artha nikalate haiM jo alaga-alaga mahApuruSoM ke jIvana para ghaTita hote haiN| devAnanda mahAkAvya kI racanA sa0 1727 meM sAdar3I meM huI evaM granthakAra ne isakI lipi gvAliyara meM kI 3 inake atirikta laghu triSaSTizalAkA-puruSa-carita, bhaviSyadatta carita hastasaMjIvanayukti prabodha, mAtRkA prasAda Adi racanAe~ bhI upalabdha haiM / (44) bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa - bhaTTAraka bhuvanakIrti ke ziSya bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa saM0 1705 meM nAgaura kI gaddoM para abhiSikta hue| ApakI pA~ca racanAe~ bahuta prasiddha hai| pAMcoM racanAe~ pUjA-paddhati kA vizleSaNa karatI haiN| inake nAma kramaza: nimna prakAra haiM 1 1. ananta caturdazIpUjA, 2. anantanAtha pUjA, 3. bhaktAmarapUjA, 4. zrutaskandha pUjA, 5. saptarSi pUjA / (45) vAvirAja - khaNDelavAla vaMza meM utpanna vAdirAja svayaM ko dhanaMjaya, AzAdhara evaM vANabhaTTa kA avatAra evaM takanagara (ToDArAyasiMha ko anahilapura ke samAna batalAtA hai| vAdirAja talakanagara ke nareza rAjasiMha ke mahAmAtya the / Apake cAra putra the-- rAmacandra, lAlajI, nemidAsa, vimaladAsa / 1. bhAratIya vidyA mandira ahamadAbAda se prakAzita / 2. kAvye'smin ta eva sapta kavitA arthA samagradhiye 3. devAnanda mahAkAvya grantha prazasti 3. 4. dhanaMjayAzAdharavAgbhaTAnAM dhatte padaM samprati vAdirAjaH / bAMDilavaMzabhavapomadhuna jinoti guptagAtraH // vAdirAja kI tIna kRtiyA~ prApta hotI haiM - vAgbhaTAlaMkA raTIkA, jJAnalocanastotra tathA sulocanAcarita / bAnmaTAlaMkAra kI TIkA kI racanA dIpamAlikA saM0 1729 meM huii| - saptasaMdhAnakAvya 4 : 42. .
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________________ .458 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa . . . . . .. . ..-. -. -.-.-.--. .... ...... ...... ..... (46) bhaTTAraka devendrakIti-jagatkIrti ke ziSya bhaTTAraka devendrakIrti kA DhUDhADa pradeza kI rAjadhAnI (Amera) meM paTTAbhiSeka huA / mahArAja savAI jayasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM IsaradA meM Apane samayasAra para TIkA likhakara saM0 1788 meM samApta kii| (47) mahopAdhyAya rAmavijaya-dayAsiMha ke ziSya rUpacandra hI dIkSA prApti ke uparAnta rAmavijaya ke rUpa meM vikhyAta ho gaye / ApakA kAryakSetra jodhapura bIkAnera hI rahA / ApakI racanAe~ kAvya, jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa evaM AcArazAstraparaka hai| gautamIya mahAkAvya meM mahAvIra dvArA gautama ko apanI ora AkarSita kara apane paMtha meM sammilita karanA varNita hai / guNamAlAprakaraNa, siddhAntacandrikA, muhUrtamaNimAlA Adi racanAe~ vyAkaraNa, nItizAstra, evaM jyotiSa ke sAhitya meM abhivRddhi karatI haiN| (48) mahopAdhyAya kSamAkalyANa-amRtadharma ke ziSya kSamAkalyANa kA janma saM0 1801 meM kesaradesara nAmaka sthAna meM huaa| munijinavijaya ke anusAra rAjasthAna ke jaina vidvAnoM meM Apa eka uttama koTi ke vidvAn the| isake bAda rAjasthAna meM hI nahIM anyatra bhI isa zreNI kA koI jaina vidvAn nahIM huaa| inakI aneka racanAe~ prApta hotI haiM, jinameM kucha nimna haiM :1. tarkasaMgrahaphakkikA 2. bhUdhAtuvRtti 3. samarAditya kevalIcarita 4. yazodharacarita 5. caityavaMdana-caturviMzatikA 6. vijJAnacandrikA 7. sUktiratnAvali 8. parasamayasAravicArasaMgraha 6. praznottara sArdhazataka / inake atirikta gautamIya mahAkAvya kI TIkA inakI TIkA paddhati para prakAza DAlatI hai| (46) bhaTTAraka surendrakoti-ApakA paTTAbhiSeka saM0 1822-23 meM jayapura meM huaa| ApakI sAta racanAe~ upalabdha haiM1. aSTAhnikA kathana 2. paMcakalyANa vidhAna 3. paMcamAsa-caturdazI-vratodyApana 4. labdhividhAna 5. purandara vratodyApana 6. sammedazikhara pUjA 7. pratApakAvya (50) jinamaNi-saM0 1944 meM janme manajI kI janmabhUmi bAkar3iyA bar3agA~va hai / saM0 1960 meM pAlItANA meM ApakI dIkSA huI / saM0 2000 meM bIkAnera meM AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| koTA, bambaI, kalakattA meM kAryarata jinamaNi guru sumatisAgara ke ziSya the| saMskRti kI dRSTi se eka hI racanA ullekhanIya hai-sAdhvI vyAkhyAna nirNaya / yaha vyAkhyAna kI dRSTi se upayogI viSayoM kA saMkalana hai| (51) buddhi munigaNi-kesaramuni ke ziSya buddhimunigaNi kA janma saM0 1950 meM huaa| rAjasthAna, madhyapradeza, gujarAta, mahArASTra meM vihAra kara apane jaina dharma kA pracAra-prasAra kiyA / ApakI pramukha kRtiyA~ kalpasUtra TIkA, kalyANaka parAmarza, paryuSaNA parAmarza hai| ina kRtiyoM ke atirikta sAdhuraMgIya sUtrakRtAMga dIpikA, piNDavizuddhi Adi granthoM kA sampAdana bar3I yogyatA eva vidvatA se kiyA hai| (52) AcArya ghAsIlAla-saM0 1941 meM jasavantagar3ha meM janme AcArya ghAsIlAla sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke AcArya javAharalAlajI ziSya ke the / vyAkaraNa, koza, kAvya, stotra Adi meM ApakI amita gati hai| -
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 456 ApakI kRtiyA~ zivakoza, udayasAgara koza, zrIlAla nAmamAlAkoza koza sAhitya meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI haiN| isI prakAra vyAkaraNa ke kSetra meM bhI ApakI tIna kRtiyoM se jaina jagata Alokita hai| laghusiddhAnta kaumudI, siddhAntakaumudI evaM aSTAdhyAyI ke samAna Apake Aheta vyAkaraNa, Ahata laghu vyAkaraNa tathA Arhata siddhAnta vyAkaraNa prasiddha hai| ___kAvya kI dRSTi se zAntisindhu mahAkAvya, lokAzAha mahAkAvya, pUjya zrIlAla kAvya, lavajI muni kAvya mahattvapUrNa hai| stotra jagat meM kalyANa maMgala stotra, vardhamAna stotra, navasmaraNa pramukha haiN| siddhAnta sAhitya meM jainAgama tattvadIpikA, tattvapradIpa, gRhasthakalpataru, nAgambara maMjarI evaM sUkti saMgraha kA sthAna mukhya hai| (53) AcArya jJAnasAgara-ApakA janma sIkara jilAntargata rANolI grAma meM saM0 1948 meM caturbhuja evaM ghevarIdevI ke ghara huaa| prArambhika zikSA prApta karane ke uparAnta ucca adhyayana ke lie Apa vArANasI gye| vahA~ saMskRta evaM jainasiddhAnta kA adhyayana kara zAstra parIkSA uttIrNa kii| avivAhita rahakara AcArya ne apanA samagra jIvana mA~ bhAratI ko samapita kara diyA / ApakI racanAe~ mahAkAvya evaM campU kAvya haiN| mahAkAvya kI dRSTi se vIrodaya, jayodaya evaM dayodaya evaM campUkAvya kI dRSTi se samudradatta, sudarzanodaya evaM bhadrodaya sarvapramukha racanAe~ haiN| vIrodaya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana-carita vaNita hai| isa kAvya ne kAlidAsa, bhAravi, mAgha evaM zrIharSa kI smRti dilA dI hai| 'mAghe santi trayo guNAH' vAlI kahAvata caritArtha kara dI hai| jayodaya kAvya meM 28 sagoM meM jayakumAra evaM sulocanA kI kathA ke mAdhyama se aparigrahavrata kA sandeza diyA gayA hai| dayodaya meM sAmAnya vyakti ko nAyaka banAkara mahAkAvya likhane kI jaina paramparA kA nirvAha kiyA gayA hai| mRgasena nAmaka dhIvara ke vyaktitva ko ubhAra kara ahiMsA vrata kA mahattva vaNita kiyA gayA hai| samudradatta, sudarzanodaya evaM bhadrodaya nAmaka campU likhakara campUsAhitya kI zrIvRddhi kI hai| ApakI hindI sAhitya meM bhI aneka racanAe~ haiM jinameM RSabhacarita, bhAgyodaya, vivekodaya pramukha haiN| inameM bhI saMskRta bahala zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| (54) kAlagaNi-vi0 saM0 1933 meM janme terApaMtha ke AThaveM AcArya kAlUgaNi kA saMskRta kA adhyayana bahuta vizada evaM prAmANika thaa| yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki do zatI pUrva pravartita terApaMtha saMpradAya meM saMskRta kA pracAra-prasAra evaM racanAoM kI dRSTi se ApakA yogadAna avismaraNIya hai| rAjasthAna ke thalI pradeza meM bhikSuzabdAnuzAsana kI racanA karavAkara vyAkaraNa ke saralIkaraNa kI dizA meM prayAsa kiyaa| itanA hI nahIM, muni cauthamala ko nirantara saMskRta sAhitya kA adhyayana evaM manana kI preraNA Apase milatI rhii| AcArya kAlUgaNi ko yaha bAta akharatI thI ki sArasvata candrikA saMkSipta hai, siddhAnta kaumudI meM vAtikoM kI adhikatA hai, hemazabdAnuzAsana kI racanA paddhati kaThora hai| ataeva guru kI isa TIsa ko samajhakara isa grantha kI racanA huii| isalie guru ko samarpita isa grantha kI racanA meM kAlUgaNi ke mahattva ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| (55) AcArya zrI tulasI-yuga pradhAna AcArya zrI tulasI terApaMtha dharma saMgha ke navameM AcArya evaM aNuvrata anuzAstA ke rUpa meM sarvatra khyAta haiN| nAgaura jile ke lADanUM grAma meM vi0 saM0 1971 meM janma lekara Apane 11 varSa kI umra meM dIkSA grahaNa kI evaM aSTamAcArya ke divaMgata hone ke pazcAt Apa vi0 saM0 1993 meM terApaMtha dharmasaMgha ke navama AcArya ke rUpa meM prasiddha hue| Apa prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta, hindI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI va aMgrejI bhASA ke khyAta vidvAn, kavi evaM ucca koTi ke sAhityakAra haiN| - O
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________________ Ovo o loo 460 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa SIDIIOISIO ApakI gati jaina darzana ke atirikta nyAya evaM yoga meM bhI rahI hai| jaina siddhAnna dIpikA meM jahA~ jaina darzana ke dravya, guNa, paryAya, jIva, ajIva, bandha, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa Adi kA vivecana hai to bhikSu- nyAyakaNikA meM pramANa, pramANa- lakSaNa, prameya Adi nyAya ke viSayoM kA varNana hai| mano'nuzAsana nAmaka kRti meM mana, mana kI avasthA, Asana, dhyAna, bhAvanA, prANAyAma Adi yoga darzana ke viSayoM kA vivecana hai / paMcasUtra nAmaka kRti meM anuzAsana evaM sAmUhika jIvana vyavasthA kI mahattA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / zikSA paNNavati meM bhaktAmarasto kI pAdapUtikara vidyArthiyoM ke lie upayogI upadezoM ko darzAyA gayA hai| karttavyatrizikA meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI sAdhanA ke lie samagra mArga darzana diyA hai| vi0 saM0 1907 meM dIkSA grahaNa kii| Apako kiyA gayA hai evaM yuvAcArya mahAprajJa sambodhana darzanoM ke prakANDa vidvAn haiM aura Apa Apane darzana, mahAkAvya, khaNDakAvya, stotra saMbodha yoga darzana kI sAmagrI kA vizleSaNa (56) muni nathamala (puvAcArya mahApratajI) -nayamala jI ne aba AcArya tulasI ke uttarAdhikArI ke rUpa meM yuvAcArya ghoSita pradAna kiyA gayA hai| Apa aneka bhASAoM ke jJAtA aura vividha isa sampradAya meM sAhitya racanA kI dRSTi se sabase adhika sakriya haiN| evaM gItakAvya kI sRSTi kI hai / yuktivAda evaM anyApadeza nyAya kI tathA kiyA hai| bhikSu mahAkAvya meM terApaMtha ke Adi AcArya bhikSu ke jIvanacarita kA Azraya liyA gayA hai| zabda saMkalana, bhAva sauSThava eva padAvalI kA manohArI varNana pAThaka ko balAt AkarSita kara letA hai| azruvINA nAmaka kAvya 100 zlokoM kA zataka paramparA kA kAvya hai| kAvya kI mukhya ghaTanA hai| isI prakAra ratnapAlacarita bhI isI bhA~ti kI racanA hai / mahAvIra dvArA candanabAlA ke A~kha meM A~sU kA abhAva darzana isa tulA atulA ApakI sphuTa padya racananAaiM evaM mukula sphuTa nibandha hai stotra sAhitya kI dRSTi se AtmA stotra evaM kalyANamandirastotra kI pAdapUrti karake kAlUbhaktAmara evaM kAlU kalyANamandira stoSa kI racanA mahattvapUrNa hai na kevala pAdapUrti stotra hI ApakI kSamatA ke paricAyaka hai apitu terApaMcI stotra evaM bhikSu zatakam ApakI sAmpradAyika mahattva kI racanAe~ haiM bhila mahAkAvya meM bace bhAvoM kI arcanA Apa ne bhikSu zataka kI racanA karake kara dI / 1 (57) candanamuni - vi0 saM0 1971 meM sirasA (paMjAba) meM janme candana muni yugapradhAna AcArya tulasI ke pradhAna ziSyoM meM se haiM / Apa prAkRta, saMskRta va hindI bhASA ke udbhaTa vidvAn haiN| saMskRta meM Apane 13 se adhika kRtiyA~ likhI hai| nathamala muni kI bhAMti hI ApakA adhikAra bhI mahAkAvya, khaNDakAvya, nItikAvya evaM stotra sAhitya para hai| abhiniSkramaNa nAmaka kRti gadya meM likhI hone para bhI mahAkAvya kA sA Ananda detI hai| isakI racanA terApaMthI saMpradAya ke dvizatAbdI samAroha ke avasara para AcArya bhikSu ke sthAnakavAsI sampradAya se abhiniSkramaNa kI smRti meM huI hai| kRti meM bhAvapravaNatA, vicAragAMbhIrya, prakRti varNana ucca koTi ke haiN| 'prabhava prabodha' evaM 'arjunamAlAkAram' nAmaka gadyakAvya jambUkumAra evaM arjunamAlI ke jIvana para AdhArita haiM / 'prastAvika zlokazatakam' evaM 'upadezAmRtam' nIti kAvya hai / inameM sAmAjika kurItiyoM evaM samasyAoM kA varNana evaM samAdhAna diyA hai| prathama kRti meM 100 zloka evaM dvitIya kRti meM 16 caSaka hai| vItarAga stuti stotra sAhitya kA pratinidhitva karatA hai / (58) chatramalla muni - Apa bhI terApaMtha sampradAya ke navamAcArya AcArya zrI tulasI ke ziSya haiM / Apane zataka kAvyoM kI paramparA kA nirvAha kara saMskRta sAhitya ko aneka zataka pradAna kiye haiM / bhagavAn zrIkRSNa se lekara tulasI evaM unake paMtha terApaMtha taka unakI zataka paramparA kI paridhi meM AtA hai| zrIkRSNa zatakam, jayAcArya zatakam, kAlU
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina saMskRta sAhityakAra 461 zatakam, tulasI zatakam evaM terApaMtha zatakam likhakara zataka paramparA ko vyakti jIvana para AdhArita 7 zataka pradAna kiye| (56) muni dulIcanda 'dinakara'-Apa bhI AcArya zrI tulasI ke vidvAn ziSya haiN| ApakI 3 racanAe~ prasiddha haiM-gItisaMdoha, tulasIstotra evaM terApaMtha zatakam / prathama kRti meM gItikAoM kA saMkalana tathA apara do kRtiyA~ munikSatramalla kI bhAMti hI AcArya tulasI evaM unake paMtha kI stuti meM banAyI gaI haiN| (60) sAdhvI saMghamitrA-sAdhvI zrI saMghamitrA terApaMtha dharmasaMgha kI parama viduSI sAdhviyoM meM se eka hai| Apa jaina itihAsa, sAhitya va darzana kI mahAna jJAtA haiN| Apa saMskRta va hindI meM samAna rUpa se likhatI haiM / gItikAvya meM bhAvoM kI tIvratA, anubhUti kI saghanatA, saMkSiptatA, saMketAtmakatA evaM sUkSmatA apekSita hotI hai| mahilAoM meM inakI sahaja svAbhAvika upasthiti hotI hai| ataeva sAdhvI saMghamitrAjI kA gIti kAvya ke prati, sammAna svAbhAvika hai / ApakI saMskRta racanAe~ gItimAlA evaM nItiguccha prApta hotI haiN| (61) paM0 raghunandana zarmA- jaina nahIM hote hue bhI pa0 raghunandana zarmA ko jaina sAhitya ke vivaraNa se alaga nahIM kara sakate / terApatha ke saMghanAyaka AcArya tulasI ke prati bhakti ko Apane apanI kAvya pratibhA se tulasI mahAkAvya kI racanA ke rUpa meM prakaTa kiyaa| 25 sagoM ke isa mahAkAvya meM AcArya ke janma kA AdhyAtmika abhyudaya ke rUpa meM varNana, rasa, alaMkAra, navIna upamAyeM evaM rUpakoM kA varNana kara saMskRta bhASA kI jIvantatA evaM yugAnurUpa parivartanazIlatA kA pramANa diyA hai| inake atirikta muni buddhamalla, DUMgaramalla, nagarAja, dhanarAja, kanhaiyAlAla mohanalAla zArdUla, sAdhvI maMjulAjI, sAdhvI kamalAjI bhI sAhitya sRjana meM sakriya haiN| diGamAtra pradarzita ina kRtiyoM evaM kRtikAroM ke vivaraNa se yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki rAjasthAna meM jaina sampradAya ne saMskRta kI unnati evaM prasAra kA prazaMsanIya kArya kiyA / sabhI jaina sAhityakAroM ne kevala jaina dharma evaM darzana para hI lekhanI nahIM calAI apitu jainetara darzana, vyAkaraNa, kAvya evaM sAhitya para bhI utanI hI udAratA evaM sahajatA se lekhana kArya kiyA / AzA hai, zodhArthI varga isa upekSita paramparA kI zodha-khoja kI ora bhI dhyAna denaa|