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________________ gova 6 30 prAcIna jaina itihAsa saMgraha (bhAga gyAravAM) [ mahAjana saMgha kA itihAsa ] - * jJAnasundara -
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________________ zrI jaina itihAsa jJAna bhAnu kiraNa naM0 11 zrI madratnaprabhasUrIzvara pAdakamalebhyo namaH mahAjana saMgha kA itihAsa lekhaka itihAsa premI muni zrI jJAna sundarajI mahArAja prakAzaka zrI ratnaprabhAkara jJAna puSpamAlA phalodI ( mAravAr3a ) vIra saM0 2463 } prosavAla saMvat 2364 prati 500 {vi0 vi0 saM0 1994
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________________ prabandhakartA Rs K. M. B. N. zIghratA kIjiye mUrti-pUjA kA prAcIna itihAsa aura zrImAn lokAzAha prantha kyA hai eka prAcIna aitihAsika pramANoM kA khajAnA aura prAcIna hajAroM varSoM kI bhUgarbha se nikalI huI tIrthaGkaroM kI aura hAtha meM mu~hapattI yukta AcAryoM kI prAcIna mUrtiyoM ke citroM kA to eka ajAyabaghara hI hai| 1000 pRSTha 53 citra do pakkI kapar3e kI jilde hone para bhI mUlya mAtra ru0 5), jaldI kiijiye| patA-zAha navalamala gaNezamala kaTarA bajAra, jodhapura (mAravAr3a) 0000000000000000000000000000000000 mudrakazambhUsiMha bhATI prAdarza presa, kaisaragaMja, * ajamera ... .00000000000000000
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________________ jaina itihAsa jJAnabhAnu kiraNa naMbara 11 zrI mahAjana saMgha kA itihAsa *agavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda jaina-dharma meM do ' paramparAe~ vidyamAna thiiN| eka to bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA, jisake adhipati the gaNadhara saudharmAcArya aura dUsarI paramparA thI prabhu pArzvanAtha kI, jisake nAyaka the kezI zramaNAcArya ke paTTadhara AcArya svayaMprabhasUri / ____ usa samaya jaina zramaNoM kA vihAra-kSetra prAyaH pUrva bhArata hI thA aura AcArya saudharmasUri kI saMtAna pUrva bhArata meM bhramaNa kara jaina-dharma kA pracAra karane meM dattacitta thii| hA~, AcArya svayaMprabhasUri jarUra apane 500 ziSyoM ko sAtha le pazcima bhArata kI ora prasthAna kara rAjapUtAnA ko apanA bihAra-kSetra banA Age kI ora bar3ha rahe the| rAjapUtAnA Adi kaI pazcimI prAntoM meM usa samaya nAstika tAMtrikoM evaM bAmamAgiyoM kA bar3A hI jora zora thaa| kyA bar3e-bar3e nagara aura kyA choTe-choTe gA~va, sarvatra unakA hI bolabAlA thaa| yatra tatra una pAkhaMDiyoM ke akhAr3e jame hue the| mAMsa, madirA, aura vyabhicArakA sarvana abAdha pracAra thA aura ve pAkhaNDI gaIna asakarmI meM hI dhame Aya evaM svarga prApti batalA he shre| dharma ke nAma para asaMkhya niraparAdhI mUka prANiyoM ke rada se sajJa kI vediyAM raJjita kI jAtI zrI) ityAdi aneka atyAroM kI bhISaNa bhaTTiye saba jagaha adhakahI thIM / janatA
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________________ ( 4 ) meM eka taraha se trAhi trAhi kI pukAra maca gaI thI / aise samaya meM prakRti eka aise divya zaktizAlI evaM krAMtikArI mahApuruSa kI pratIkSA kara rahI thI jo isa bigar3I ko sudhArane meM sarvathA samartha ho / ThIka usI samaya AcArya svayaMprabhasUra apane ziSya samudAya ke sAtha nAnAM kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karate hue kramazaH zrImAla ( bhinnamAla ) nagara ke ramya udyAna meM A nikle| usa vakta vahA~ eka virAT yajJa kA Ayojana ho rahA thA aura usameM bali dene ko lAkhoM pazu ekatrita kiye jA rahe the / jaba AcAryadeva ne isa bAta ko tatrastha janatA se evaM apane ziSyoM se sAvadhAnI pUrvaka suna lI, taba svayaM rAja sabhA meM upasthita hokara "ahiMsA paramodharmaH" ke viSaya meM jaina aura jainetara zAstroM ke aneka akATya pramANa aura mAnava buddhigamya vividha yuktiyA~ janatA ke sAmane rakha apanI ojasvinI vANI aura madhura evaM rocaka bhASaNa zailI se upadeza dekara upasthita logoM ko maMtra-mugdha kara una para aisA prabala prabhAva DAlA ki kucha samaya pUrva jisa karma ko ve zreSTha batalA rahe the use svayaM hI niSThura aura ti karma ghoSita karane lage tathA usa pAzavika pravRtti se parAGmukha hokara AcArya deva ke caraNoM meM A zira jhukA diyaa| taba AcArya zrI ne unako jaina-dharma ke mUla tatva samajhAkara rAjA prajA ke 90000 gharoM ke lAkhoM nara nAriyoM ko jaina-dharma meM dIkSita kara apanA anuyAyI banA liyA aura una mUka prANiyoM ko bhI sadA ke lie abhaya dAna dilavAyA / tadanantara AcArya zrI ne dharma ke saba sAdhanoM meM pradhAna sAdhana- mandira mUrtti kI sevA
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________________ ( 5 ) pUjA kA upadeza diyA aura vahA~ ke bhakta logoM ne usa AjJA ko tatkSaNa zirodhArya kara Adi tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva kA vizAla mandira banavAnA prArambha kara diyA / AcArya mahArAja ne eka mAsa taka vahA~ Thahara una nUtana jainoM (zrAvakoM ) ko jaina-dharma ke syAdvAda siddhAnta kI zikSA dekara tathA unako jaina dharma kA AcAra vyavahAra batA unakI zraddhA ko dRr3ha kara diyA / anantara AcArya deva ne eka dina yaha samvAda sunA ki zrAbU ke pAsa padmAvatI nagarI hai vahA~ bhI eka aisA hI vizAla yajJa honA nizcita huA hai aura usa yajJa meM bhI balidAna ke liye lAkhoM pazu ikaTThe kiye gaye haiM / phira kyA derI thI, sunate hI sUrijI ne AbU kI ora vihAra kiyA / kyoMki vIra puruSa jaba eka bAra apane iSTa kArya meM saphalatA prApta kara letA hai taba usakI anta rAtmA meM eka adamya utsAha zakti tathA prabhUta pauruSa kA saMcAra ho jAtA hai aura vaha binA vilamba ke tatkSaNa hI dUsarI bAra kArya kSetra meM kUda par3ane ko kaTibaddha ho jAtA hai| basa ! AcArya zrI bhI isa vicAra se padmAvatI pahu~ca gaye aura sAtha hI unakI ziSya maMDalI tathA zrImAla nagara ke zrAvaka bhI vahA~ jA dhamake kyoMki aisA avasara ve bhI to kaba cUkane vAle the / vahA~ jAkara AcArya zrI sIdhe hI rAja sabhA meM pahu~ca kara rAjA evaM yajJAdhyakSoM ko tathA upasthita nAgarikoM ko saMbodhita kara ahiMsA ke viSaya meM * tacchiSyA samAjAyanta, zrI svayaMprabhasUrayaH / viharanta krameNaiyuH, zrI zrImAlaM kadApite // 20 // tasthuste tatpurodyAne, mAsa kalpa munIzvarA / upAsya mAnAH satataM, bhavyairbhavatarUcchide // 21 //
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________________ khUba joradAra vyAkhyAna dene lage / para cirakAla ke saMskAra-saMpanna vyakti apane dUSita saMskAroM aura rUr3hi ko zIghra hI chor3ane ko kaba taiyAra the / ataH vahA~ ke nAmadhArI paNDita brAhmaNoM ke sAtha prAcArya zrI kA zAstrArtha bhI huA, para Akhira ahiMsA bhagavatI ke caraNoM meM saba ko zira jhukAnA hI par3A; arthAt vahA~ ( padmAvatI meM ) bhI 45000 gharoM ke lAkhoM rAjapUta Adi logoM ne jaina-dharma ko svIkAra kara liyaa| taba AcAryadeva ne unake Atma-kalyANArtha prabhu zAntinAtha kA eka bhavya mandira banavA diyaa| ye hI loga Age calakara zrImAla evaM prAgvaTa (poravAloM) ke nAma se prakhyAta hue| AcArya svayaMprabhasUri apane zeSa jIvana meM AbU aura zrImAla nagara ke pradezoM meM bhramaNa kara lAkhoM ajainoM ko jaina banAne meM bhagIratha prayatna kara anta meM muni ratnacUr3ako apane paTTa para sthApana kara Apa zrI giragaja tIrtha para jAkara ArAdhanA pUrvaka anazana kara vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt 52 veM varSa meM caitra zuklA pratipadA ke dina svargadhAma ko prApta hue / ataeva samagra jaina samAja aura vizeSakara zrImAlaporavAloM kA khAsa karttavya hai ki ve pratyeka varSa kI caiH zu01 ke dina AcArya zrI kA jayanti-mahotsava bar3e hI samAroha se manA kara apane Apako kRta-kRtya smjhe| AcArya svayaMprabhasUri ke paTTa prabhAkara AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ( ratnacUr3a ) hue| ApakA janma vidyAdhara vaMza meM huA, ataH Apa svabhAvataH aneka vidyAoM se paripUrNa the| AcArya pada prApta hote hI Apane socA ki "kyA maiM merA jIvana pUrvAcArya ke banAe hue zrAvakoM para hI samApta kara dUMgA ? nahIM ! mujhe bhI
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________________ una AcAryavarya kA anusaraNa karanA caahiye|" yaha soca Apane apane vihAra-kSetra ko Age bar3hAne kA nizcaya kara apane 500 ziSyoM ko sAtha meM lekara vihAra kara diyA / usa samaya marudhara deza meM nUtana basA huA upakezapura nagara jaise vyApAra kA pradhAna kendra ginA jAtA thA vaise hI vaha!vAmamAgiyoM kA bhI eka bar3A bhArI dhAma samajhA jAtA thaa| ataH AcArya ratnaprabhasari bhI kramazaH vihAra karate huye upakezapura nagara kI ora padhAra gaye / para vahA~ Apako kauna pUchatA ? svAgata to dUra rahA vahA~ to AhAra, pAnI aura Thaharane ke lie sthAna Adi kA bhI abhAva thaa| para jinhoMne jana-kalyANArtha apanA sarvasva taka arpaNa karane kA nizcaya kara liyA hai, unake lie do cAra nahoM para saikar3oM ApattiyeM bhI sAmane A to kyA paravAha hai ? AcArya zrI ne apane ziSyoM ke sAtha jaMgala aura pahAr3oM meM ekAnta dhyAna lagA diyA aura isa prakAra kaI mAsa taka bhUkhe pyAse raha kara tapovRddhi kI / Akhira zuddha tapazcaryA, utkRSTha tyAga, aura niHspRhatA kA janatA para isa prakAra kA pracaNDa prabhAva par3A ki mAno koI jAdU kA hI asara huA ho aura idharaaise anekoM anyAnya nimitta kAraNa bhI mila gae, jaise ki vahAM kI adhiSThAtrI devI cAmuMDA kI Agraha pUrvaka vinatI aura sUrijI ke kArya meM sahAyatA, tathA eka ora to sUrijI ke caraNAMguSTha prakSAlana jala ke chir3akane se vahAM ke rAjA kA jAmAtA jo sarpa viSa se mRtaprAya hogayAthA, sahasA nirviSa ho uTha khar3A huA aura dUsarI ora rAjA kA isa pratikAra ke lie apane samRddha rAjya ko sUrijI ke caraNoM meM samarpita karanA aura sUrijI kA isa
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________________ ( 8 ) 'Ae hue rAjya ko bhI tyAga kI bhAvanA se ThukarA denA tathA ina ubhaya Azcaryo ko dekha tatrastha janatA kA vismita ho dhanya 2 kI avirala dhvani ke sAtha hI sUrijI ke caraNoM meM zira jhukA lenA ityAdi kAraNoM se tatkAla hI sAre ke sAre nagara aura pArzvavarttI pradezoM meM bhI sUrijI ke alaukika sAmarthya kI dhAka jama gaI aura rAjA prajA harSa se mugdha tathA Azcarya se garka ho nagara ko lauTa gae aura jahAM dekho vahAM hI AcArya mahArAja ke adbhuta guNoM kA gAna aura bhUri 2 prazaMsA hone lagI / ThIka hI hai "camatkAra ko namaskAra huA hI karatA hai / " dUsare dina hAthI, ghor3e, UMTa, ratha, paidala palaTana evaM maya gAjA bAjA ke rAjA prajA sUrijI ko vandana evaM ApakI amRtamaya dezanA kA pAna karane ko sUrijI ke pAsa Ae / sUrijI ne jyoMhI jainadharma ke mUla evaM mukhya siddhAnta bar3I yogyatA ke sAtha upasthita logoM ko sunAye, tyoMhI unhoMne satya dharma ko samajha kara midhyAtva kA parityAga kara diyA aura sabase pahile sUryavaMza mukuTamaNi mahArAjA utpaladeva ne zira kA mukuTa utAra, jamIna para ghuTane Teka sUrijI ke caraNoM meM praNAma kara guru maMtra kI yAcanA kI / jaba svayaM rAjA bhI nama gae to maMtrI kyoM kara pIche raha sakatA / usane bhI mastaka se sirapeMca ( pAga ) hAtha meM le apane svAmI kA anukaraNa kiyA / tadanantara maMtrI ke putra ne bhI unhIM kI vRtti kI jisako ki sarpa ne DazA thA aura sUrijI ne use nirviSa kiyA thA / isI prakAra rAjakanyA, rAjapatnI aura nagara ke anekoM kSatrAdi naranArI nata mastaka ho khar3e ho ge| ina sabakA * kaI loga yaha bhI kaha dete haiM ki AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ne osiyAM
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________________ 'khAsA tAMtA-sA laga gayA jinakI ki ginatI lagAnI kaThina ho gii| ___astu ! isake bAda devI cakrezvarI Rddhi siddhi pUrNa vAsa kSepa kA thAla lekara sUrijI kI sevA meM samupasthita huI / sarijI ne maMtra aura vAsakSepa se una AcAra-patita kSatriyoM ko zuddha kara una sabako jaina dharma meM dIkSita kiyA ( dekho sAmane ke citra meM) aura vahAM para mahAvIra kA mandira banavAyA, jisakI pratiSThA vIrAta 70 varSa ke bAda mAgha zukla paMcamI ko AcArya zrI ke kara kamaloM se huI thii| usI lagna meM sUrijI ne vaikraya labdhi se dUsarA rUpa banA kara koraMTapura meM bhI mahAvIra ke mandira kI pratiSThA karavAI thI aura ve donoM mandira Adyavidhi vidyamAna bhI haiN| pratiSThA ke samaya una naye jainiyoM ke gharoM kI saMkhyA lagAI nagarI meM rAjA prajA arthAt nagarI ke tamAma logoM ko jaina banA diye jisameM bhaMgI Dher3ha caMDAlAdi bhI zAmila the| yahI kAraNa hai ki osavAloM meM maha'ttara, DheDhiyA, caNDAlaAdi gautra zAmila haiM ityAdi / para yaha kahane vAloM kI itihAsa jJAna kI anabhijJatA hI hai kyoMki usa samaya kI paristhiti kA thor3A bhI jJAna hotA to yaha kabhI nahIM kahate / isa viSaya meM merI likhI 'osavAla jJAti samaya nirNaya' nAmaka pustaka par3hanI cAhiye / usameM yaha pramANita kiyA gayA hai ki osavAla jAti vizuddha kSatriyavaMza se utpanna huI hai / hAM pIche se kaI vaizya brAhmaNAdi bhI isameM zAmila hue haiM para zUdra isameM zAmila nahIM haiM / yadi osavAsa jJAti meM zUdra zAmila hote to usa samaya ke jainoM ke kaTTara zatru anya loga osavAloM ko itanA mAna kabhI nahIM dete jo ki unhoMne diyA thaa| ataH osavAla kauma pavitra 'kSatriya varNa se hI banI hai|
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________________ to kevala upakezapura meM hI 384000 ghara the aura unameM lAkhoM nara nArI rahate the jinhoMne ki jaina dharma ko svIkAra kiyaa| __. AcArya ratnaprabhasUri caudaha pUrvadhara the| upayoga lagAne se bhUta, bhaviSya, aura vartamAna kI saba bAtoM ko kevalI ke sadRza jAnate the| ataeva AcArya zrI ne bhaviSya ke lAbhA'lAbha va vartamAna kI paristhiti ko lakSya meM rakha kara hI una nUtana banAye jainoM kI eka sArvajanika saMsthA sthApita karadI aura usakA nAma "mahAjana saMgha" rakha diyaa| isa saMsthA ko kAyama karane meM Apa zrI ne aura bhI aneka phAyade dekhe the jaise ki: (1) jisa samaya prastuta saMsthA sthApita kI thI usake pUrva usa prAnta meM kyA rAjanaitika, kyA sAmAjika, aura kyA dhArmika sabhI kAryoM kI saMkalana tUTa kara unakA atyadhika patana hogayA thA / ataH ina sabakA sudhAra karane ke liye aisI eka saMgaThita saMsthA kI paramAvazyakatA thI, aura usI kI pUrti ke liye ApakA yaha saphala prayAsa thaa| (2) saMsthA kAyama karane ke pUrva una logoM meM mAMsa madirA kA pracuratA se pracAra thaa| yadyapi AcArya zrI ne bahuta logoM ko dIkSA ke samaya isa durvyasana se mukta kara diyA thA tathApi sadA ke liye isa niyama ko dRr3hatA pUrvaka pAlana karavAnA tathA anyAnya samAjopayogI naye niyamoM ko banavA kara unakA pAlana karavAne ke liye bhI eka aisI saMsthA kI AvazyakatA thI jise sUrijI ne pUrNa kara diyaa| (3) naye jaina banAne para bhI ajainoM ke sAtha unakA vyavahAra baMda nahIM karavAyA thA, kyoMki kisI bhI kSetra ko saMkucita
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________________ ( 11 ) banAnA ve patana kA prAraMbha samajhate the / para kisI saMgaThita saMsthA ke abhAva meM ve naye jaina zeSa rahe hue AcAra-patita ajainoM kI saMgati kara bhaviSya meM punaH patita na bana jAya, isa kAraNa se bhI eka aisI saMsthA kI AvazyakatA thI jisakI sUrijI ne pUrti kii| (4) aisI saMsthA ke hone para anya sthAnoM meM ajainoM ko jaina banA kara saMsthA meM zAmila kara liyA jAya to naye jaina banAne vAloM ko aura banane vAloM ko acchI suvidhA rahe, isa lie bhI aisI saMsthA kI jarUrata thii| (5) aisI saMsthA hone se hI saMgaThana bala uttarottara bar3hatA gayA aura saMgaThana bala se hI dharma yA samAja unnati ke kSetra meM Age bar3ha sakatA hai / ataH aisI saMsthA honA jarUrI hai| (6) saMsthA kA hI prabhAva thA ki jo mahAjana saMgha lAkhoM kI tAdAda meM thA vaha karor3oM kI saMkhyA taka pahu~ca gyaa| (7) aisI sudRr3ha saMsthA ke prabhAva se hI pUrva Adi prAntoM meM jo lAkhoM karor3oM jaina the ve jaina dharma ko chor3a kara mAMsAhArI bana gae / yadi usa samaya vahAM bhI aisI saMsthA hotI aura usakA kArya ThIka taura para calatA to Aja "sarAka" jaisI jaina dharma pAlana karane vAlI jAtiyoM ko hama hamAre se bichur3I huI kabhI nahIM dekhate, ataeva aisI saMsthA kA honA atyanta AvazyakathA / (8) saMsthA kA hI prabhAva hai ki Aja "mahAjana saMgha" bhale hI alpa saMkhyaka ho, para vaha jaina dharma ko apane kaMdhe para lie samagra saMsAra ke sAmane Takkara khA rahA hai arthAt use jIvita rakha sakA hai| yaha bhI "mahAjana saMgha" banAne kA hI
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________________ ( 12 ) phala hai anyathA isa dharma kA bhI anyAnya anekoM dharmoM ke sadRza nAmA'vazeSa raha jAtA / ityAdi " mahAjana saMgha" saMsthA sthApita karane meM jo lAbha AcArya zrI ne dekhe the ve sabake saba Aja mahAn upayogI siddha hue dIkha rahe haiM / para duHkha hai ki kaI ajJa loga vartamAna " mahAjana saMgha" kI patita dazA ko dekha yaha savAla kara uThate haiM ki pUrvAcAryoM ne kSatriya jaisI bahAdura kauma ko mahAjana banA kara use Darapoka banA diyA, isI se hI jaina dharma kA patana huA hai ityAdi / parantu yaha savAla to vahI kara sakatA hai jisako ki iti-hAsa kA jarA bhI jJAna nahIM hai / yadi aisA na hotA to ve svayaM apanI buddhi se hI soca sakate the ki jo loga mAMsa madirA aura vyabhicArAdi kA sevana kara naraka meM jAne ke adhikArI bana rahe the unako sadAcArI evaM jaina banA kara svarga mokSa kA adhikArI banAyA tathA yaha kevala una logoM ke lie hI nahIM para unakI vaMza paramparA jahA~ taka jIvita rahegI vahA~ taka unake lie bhI hai / aisI dazA meM bhalA una AcAryoM ne isameM burA kyA kiyA ? una AcAryoM kA to ulTA mahAn upakAra mAnanA cAhiye parantu jo upakAra ke badale apakAra mAnate haiM unake sivAya vajra - pApI hI kauna ho sakatA hai ? yadi ve AcArya, una kSatriyoM ko jaina mahAjana nahIM banAte to ve hAtha meM astra lekara hariNa, lomar3I aura macchiyoM Adi kI zikAra karate / aura unheM mahAjana banA diyA to ve rAjataMtra yA bar3e bar3e vyApAra va vartamAna meM dukAna meM baiTha kara vyApAra kara 1
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________________ ( 13 ) rahe haiN| inameM Apa kisako ThIka samajhate haiM ? maiMne to yaha vartamAna vyavasthA kA eka udAharaNa diyA hai, para pahile jamAne ke mahAjanoM kA itihAsa to kucha aura hI vIratA se ota prota hai| ... - dekhiye ! pUrva Adi prAntoM meM lAkhoM karor3oM jainadharmopAsaka the, para vahA~ aisI koI saMgaThita saMsthA na hone se ve jaina dharma se hAtha dho baiThe aura mAMsa madirAdi sevana karane laga gae / kintu "mahAjana saMgha" Aja bhI una durvyasanoMko ghRNA kI dRSTise dekhatA hai aura pavitra jaina dharma kA yathAzakti ArAdhana karatA hai| kyA yaha mahAjanoM kA kAma mahatva kA nahIM hai ? kyA una AcArapatita kSatriyoM se mahAjana halake samajhe jA sakate haiM ? ( nahIM kabhI nahIM) mahAjanoM kI barAbarI to ve AcAra-patita kSatriya Aja bhI nahIM kara sakate haiM / hA~, mahAjana loga apane rIta rivAja zrAcAra aura dharma se patita ho gaye hoM, unakI to bAta hI dUsarI hai| ___"mahAjana saMgha" banAne se na to una kSatriyoM kI bahAdurI gaI thI aura na unakA patana hI huA thA / mahAjana saMgha ne jo 2 bahAdurI ke kAma kiye haiM ve zAyada hI kinhIM auroM ne kiye hoM! mahAjana saMgha meM vIratA ke sAtha udAratA bhI kama nahIM thI aura isa viSaya ke ullekhoM se sAgaitihAsa bharA par3A hai| phira bhI samajha meM nahIM AtA hai ki ajJa loga una pUjyAcAryoM ke upakAra ke sthAna meM unakA apakAra kyoM mAnate haiM ? kyA mahAjanoM ke patana kA pradhAna kAraNa yaha kRtaghnatA hI to nahIM hai. ? . ___ mahAjana saMgha meM kAyaratA AnA evaM usakA patana honA, isakA . kAraNa "mahAjana saMgha" banAnA nahIM para isakA kAraNa kucha aura hI hai, jisake lie maiMne "vartamAna jaina samAja kI paristhiti
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________________ ( 14 ) para praznottara" nAmaka pustaka likhI hai usako maMgAkara par3heM tAki Apako patA par3a jAyagA ki vAstava meM mahAjana saMgha ke patana ke kAraNa kyA hue haiM ! AcArya zrI ne zurU meM jo zikSA dI thI, usa para "mahAjana saMgha" jaba taka calatA rahA taba taka to vaha zrI saMpanna aura unnata hI rahA / kintu jaba se usa zikSA kA anAdara kara anya mArga kA avalaMbana karanA zurU kiyA taba se hI mahAjana saMgha ke patana kA zrI gaNeza huA / yadi mahAjana saMgha aba bhI usa asalI zikSA kA Adara kare to usakI unnati ke dina dUra nahIM kintu bahuta hI pAsa haiM / kyoMki jo loga kabhI unnati kA zabda bhI nahIM jAnate the ve bhI aba apanI unnati kara rahe haiM to jo vastu khAsa mahAjanoM ke ghara kI hai usameM unheM kyA dera lagatI hai / para jo loga apane kalaMka ko pUrvAcAryoM ke zira mar3hanA cAheM ve unnati kI AzA svapna meM bhI kaise rakheMge ? (1) bhalA ! Apa svayaM vicAra kareM ki "pUrvAcAryoM ne yaha kaba kahA thA ki hama jina pRthaka 2 jAtiyoM ko samabhAvI banA una sabakA saMgaThana kara 'mahAjana saMgha' banA rahe haiM use tuma Age cala kara tor3a phor3a Tukar3e 2 kara DAlanA ?" yadi nahIM, to phira tuma Aja kisakI AjJA se "hama bar3e tuma choTe, hama mAravAr3I tuma gujarAtI, hama osavAla tuma poravAla, hama mutsaddI tuma bAjAra ke baniye, hama bar3e tuma lor3e Adi zabdoM se apanI mithyA mahattA ko prakaTa kara unake sAtha beTI vyavahAra ke nAma se bhar3akate ho, jaba ki unake sAtha 2 baiTha tumheM roTI khAne khilAne meM koI dveSa nahIM hai|
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________________ ( 15 ) ( 2 ) hama jisa prema sUtra meM tuma sabako Abaddha karate haiM usako tuma saba Apasa meM lar3a-jhagar3a kara saMgha meM phUTa aura kusaMyama, kA dAvAnala phailA denA yA kuttoM kI bhAMti lar3ate rahanA / ( 3 ) hama mUMTha bolanA, corI karanA, vyabhicAra bar3hAnA vizvAsaghAta, dhokhAbAjI Adi kukRtyoM ke chor3ane kI zapatha dilAte haiM aura pratijJA karAte haiM ki tuma inheM kabhI mata karanA, parantu tuma Aja inhIM kAryoM ko dina dhaule karate ho / ( 4 ) " maiM svadharmI bhAiyoM kI vAtsalatA aura nirbaloM kI sahAyatA karUMgA" isakI pUrvAcAryoM ne pratijJA karavAI thI, kintu Aja tuma garIboM ke gale ghoMTa unako dina-dahAr3e duHkhI karate ho / ityAdi mahAjanoM kI durnIti se hI mahAjanoM kA patana huA hai / varanA AcAryoM kA zubha uddezya to mahAjana logoM - ko isa bhava aura parabhava meM sukhI banAne kA hI thA aura isa ujjvala uddezya ko lakSya meM rakha kara una patita kSatriyoM kA " mahAjana saMgha" banAyA thA aura bahuta samaya taka unakA uddezya saphala bhI rahA / isI prakAra pichale AcAryoM ne mahAjana saMgha kA poSaNa evaM vRddhi kI thI / khaira ! AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ne kevala "mahAjana saMgha" hI banAyA thA to phira upakezavaMza, osavaMza, zrosavAla aura isameM bhI hajAroM gotra evaM jAtiyA~ kaise, kaba aura kisane banAI ? hA~, isakA bhI kAraNa avazya hai aura vaha yaha hai ki prArambha meM to AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ne vIrAt 70 veM varSa meM upakezapura meM eka mahAjana saMgha kI hI sthApanA kI thI aura
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________________ * usa samaya se 300 varSoM taka to isa mahAjana saMgha kA khUba abhyudaya hotA rhaa| parantu bAda meM bhavitavyatA ke vaza upakezapura sthita mahAvIra kI mUrti ke vakSaHsthala para jo do graMthiyA~ thIM unheM kinhIM navayuvakoM ne suthAra se chidavA dI, isa kAraNa devI kA bar3A bhArI kopa * huA aura kaI loga upakezapura kA tyAga kara anya nagaroM meM jA base vahA~ ve upakezapura se Aye hue hone ke kAraNa upakezI ke nAma se aura bAda meM ve hI upakezavaMzI ke nAma se prasiddha ho gae aura vahI upakeza vaMza pIche se zilAlekhoM meM bhI likhA jAne lgaa| vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa meM jaba upakezapura kA apabhraMza nAma osiyAM hogayA taba usa nagara meM rahane vAloM ko bhI loga osavAla kahane laga gaye / tathApi saMskRta sAhitya meM athavA mandira mUrtiyoM ke zilAlekhoM meM uaiza, ukeza evaM upakeza vaMza zabda hI kA prayoga huA hai| Aja isa viSaya ke hajAroM zilA lekha prApta hue haiM unameM se do cAra zilAlekhoM meM osavaMza bhI likhA huA hai para yaha terahavIM zatAbdI kA ullekha. hai| inake atirikta saba sthAnoM para ueza, ukeza aura upakeza. zabda kA hI prayoga dRSTigocara hotA hai| ataeva yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai ki isa vaMza kA mUla nAma to "mahAjana saMgha" hI thA, bAda meM upakezapura ke kAraNa upakeza vaMza ho gayA aura upakezapura kA apabhraMza nAma zrosiyAM hone se vahAM ke loga osavAla kahalAne lge| * isakI zAnti AcArya kakkasUri ne karavAI thii| dekho 'jaina jAti mahodaya' kitAba /
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________________ ( 17 ) aba rahA "mahAjana saMgha" ke pRthak 2 gotra aura hajAroM " bhinna 2 jAtiyoM kA honA, so isake lie yaha samajhanA kaThina nahIM hai ki gotra to isake pUrva bhI the aura gRhasthoM ke lie isakI jarUrata bhI thI, kyoMki Arya-prajA meM yaha paddhati thI ki jaba kisI lar3akI lar3ake kI zAdI karanA ho to kaI gotra chor3a kara zAdI kI jAtI thii| isalie gotroM kA honA koI burA nahIM apitu Arya maryAdA ke lie acchAhI hai aura yaha vyavahAra Aja bhI akSuNNa rUpa se calA AtA hai| aba rahA eka gotra kI aneka jAtiyoM kA honA so yaha to ulTA mahAjana saMgha ke utkRSTa abhyudaya kA hI paricAyaka hai| jaise eka pitA ke daza putra haiM aura ve saba ke saba bar3e hI prabhAvika hue to eka ne tIrthayAtrArtha saMgha nikAlA aura usakI saMtAna taba se saMghI khlaaii| dUsare ne maMdira ko kaisara kI bAlada car3hA dI, usakI saMtAna kesariyA khlaaii| kisI ne koThAra kA kAma kiyA to usakI saMtAna koThArI ke nAma se mazahUra huii| ityAdi aise aneka kAraNa hue jinase anekoM jAtie~ huI / jaise: 1-bhaMDArI, koThArI, kAmadAra, khajAnacI, potadAra, caudharI, daphtarI, mehatA, kAnU~gA, paTavA, boharA, saMghI Adi nAma pezoM se hue haiN| 2-dhUpiyA, gugaliyA, ghIyA, teliyA, kezariyA, kapUriyA, kuMkuMma, nAleriyA, bajAja, sonI, gAMdhI, jar3iyA, jauharI Adi nAma vyApAra karane se huye haiN| 3- hathur3iyA, jAlaurI, nAgaurI, rAmapuriyA, sA~corI, sIrohiyA, phalodiyA, pokaraNA, maMDovarA, mer3atiyA, caMDAliyA, .
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________________ ( 18 ) kuceriyA, harasorA, borUdiyA ityAdi jAtiyoM ke nAma nagaroM se par3e haiM / 4 - sAMDa, siyAla, nAhara, hiraNa, kAga, bagulA, garur3a, minnI, cIla, haMsA, macchA, bakarA, dhAr3IvAla, dhokhA, bAgamAra, murgIpAla, cAmar3a, DheDhiyA, balAI, turakIyA, phitUriyA, ghor3Avata Adi jAtiyoM ke nAma ha~sI ThaTThe se par3e haiM / 5 - pAtAvata, siMhAvata, baLAvata, mAlAvata, bhAMDAvata, lUnAvata, jIvANI, lAlANI, sukhANI, rAsANI Adi jAtiyoM ke nAma unake pUrvaja pitA se prasiddha hue haiN| 6 - hathur3iyA, rAThaura, solaMkI, cauhAna, paMvAra, hAr3A Adi asalI rAjapUtoM kI jo jAtiyAM thIM ve jyoM kI tyoM raha gaI / - dA miyAM, bAdAmiyAM, dazakhA, hiMgaDa, saMgariyA, kumaTa, gugaliyA, guMdiyA, zrAdi majAka se par3e haiN| 8 - sUrA, zUramA, raNadhIrA, bAgamAra, yodhA, jujArA, Adi vIratA ke kAraNa hue haiM / yadi isa prakAra osavAloM kI saba jAtiyoM ke kevala nAma hI likhe jAe~ to eka svataMtra graMtha bana sakatA hai aura isameM Azcarya karane kI koI bAta nahIM hai / kyoMki jaba eka vRhat vRkSa 'phalatA phUlatA hai taba usakI zAkhA pratizAkhAe~ ginanA acche 2 gaNita zAstriyoM ke lie bhI durgama ho jAtA hai / isI bhAMti jaba " mahAjana saMgha" kA abhyudaya kAla thA taba isake eka-eka gotra meM itane nAmAMkita puruSa svakAryoM se prasiddha hue ki unake nAmoM se svataMtra saikar3oM jAtiyeM bana gaI jo Aja unake bhUta abhyudaya kI sAkSI de rahI haiN| udAharaNArtha: - eka Aditya
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________________ ( 19 ) nAga gotra kI corar3iyA, gulecchA, garaiyA, pArakha, nAbariyA, bucA, sAvasukhA Adi 84 jAtiyeM bana gaI haiM / isI taraha, anya gotroM ke liye bhI samajha lenA cAhiye / para duHkha aura mahAduHkha to isa bAta kA hai ki vRkSa kitanA hI bar3A aura zAkhA pratizAkhA saMpanna ho para jaba usake aMga pratyaMgoM meM asAdhya roga paidA ho jAtA hai taba ve zAkhA pratizAkhAyeM to kyA para svayaM vRkSa hI mUla se naSTa ho jAtA hai aura yadi kucha zeSa raha bhI jAtA hai to kevala dekhane ko nirjIva sthANu najara AtA hai / yahI hAla hamArI osavAla jAti kA bhI huA hai ki isane Aja kaI eka saMkrAmaka rogoM ko apane aMga pratyaMgo meM hI nahIM kintu roma roma meM vyApta kara rakhA hai / isase yaha mAtra dekhane ko nirjIva sI najara AtI hai kintu vAstava meM isameM koI vAstavikatA zeSa nahIM raha gaI hai aura isa jAti kI vizeSa saMkhyA kA nAma kevala kulaguruoM kI vaMzAvalI kI bahiyoM meM hI raha gayA hai / " mahAjana saMgha" jaisA Ajakala najara AtA hai pUrvakAla meM aisA hI nahIM thA parantu bhArata aura bhArata ke bAhira kyA rAjataMtra calAne meM, kyA yuddha vijaya karane meM, kyA vyApAra meM, kyA dharma'kAryoM meM dravya vyaya karane meM, aura kyA dukAla sukAla yA julmI bAdazAhoM kI karabandI meM, pIr3ita deza bhAiyoM kA uddhAra karane meM bar3A hI vora evaM udAra thA / yahI kAraNa thA ki usa samaya ke rAjA mahArAjA, bAdazAha evaM sarva sAdhAraNa nAgarikoM kI ora se usa mahAjana saMgha ko jagata seTha, nagara seTha, paMca, coTiyA, caudharI aura TIkAyata Adi mahatvazAlI padaviyoM se
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________________ ( 20 ) bhUSita kiyA gayA thA / aura Aja bhI yadi ina pUrvokta padaviyo kA kahIM astitva zeSa hai to isa mahAjana saMgha meM hI hai / yaha mahAjana saMgha kA bhUtakAlIna mahatva batalA rahA hai yA patana ? para prakRti kA eka yaha bhI aTala niyama hai ki saMsAra meM sadA eka sI sthiti kisI kI na to rahI aura na rahatI hai / yahI niyama mahAjanoM ke liye bhI samajha lIjiye / phira una mahAna upakArI pUrvAcAryoM para yaha doSa lagAnA ki unhoMne mahAjana saMgha banA kara burA kiyA, yaha sarAsara anyAya aura ajJAnatA kA digadarzana nahIM to aura kyA hai ? "yadi AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ne hI "mahAjana saMgha" kI sthApanA kI thI to isakA gaccha bhI eka hI honA cAhie thA parantu Aja to hama eka-eka jAti ke bhI jur3e 2 anekoM gaccha dekhate haiM / jaise eka grAma meM eka jAti amuka gaccha kI upAsaka hai to dUsare grAma meM vahI jAti kisI anya gaccha kI upAsaka tathA tIsare grAma meM phira vahI jAti tIsare gaccha kI upAsaka pAI jAtI hai, aisA kyoM ?" bhArata yaha bAta to hama Upara likha Aye haiM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kI santAna pUrva bhArata meM vihAra karatI thI aura unakA gaccha usa vakta saudharma gaccha thA, tathA prabhu pArzvanAtha kI santAna pazcima meM evaM rAjapUtAnA aura marudhara Adi pradezoM meM bhramaNa kara ajainoM kI zuddhi kara naye jaina banA evaM jaina dharma kA pracAra karane saMlagna thI aura unakA gaccha upakeza gaccha thA / upakezagaccha kA yaha kArya 100 varSa taka to bar3e hI vega se calatA rahA, yahA~ taka ki marudhara ke atirikta siMdha, kaccha, sauraTha, avaMtI, meda -
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________________ ( 21 ) pATa, lATa Adi prAntoM meM itane nUtana jaina banA diye ki jinakI saMkhyA lAkhoM nahIM para karor3oM taka pahu~ca gaI thii| kintu AcArya bhadrabAhu ke samaya pUrva bhArata meM eka dvAdaza varSIya mahA bhayaMkara duSkAla pdd'aa| isa hAlata meM vahA~ sAdhuoM kA nirvAha hotA nahIM dekha AcArya bhadrabAhu Adi bahuta se sAdhuoM ne nepAla Adi prAntoM kI ora vihAra kiyA aura zeSa sAdhuoM ne vahIM raha kara jyoM-tyoM karake apanA gujArA kiyA / jaba duSkAla kA anta ho sukAla ho gayA taba zrI saMgha ne AmaMtraNa pUrvaka bhadrabAhu svAmI ko bulA kara pATalIpura nagara meM jainoM kI eka sabhA kI, ityAdi / isa kathana se kahA jA sakatA hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu ke samaya taka to saudharmAcArya kI saMtAna kA vihAra-kSetra prAyaH pUrva bhArata hI rahA / para bAda meM vIra kI tIsarI zatAbdI meM pUrva meM phira eka duSkAla par3A aura usa samaya zAyada pUrva vihArI sAdhu gaNa ne pazcima bhArata kI ora vihAra kiyA ho to yaha saMbhava ho sakatA hai, kyoMki AcArya suhastIsUri ne ujjaina nagarI meM padhAra kara samrAT saMprati ko pratibodha de jaina dharma kA upAsaka banAyA aura samrAT ke Agraha evaM prayatna se ujjaina meM AcArya suhastIsUri kI adhyakSatA meM jainoM kI eka virATa sabhA huI aura usameM jaina dharma ke pracAra ke lie khUba hI jora diyA gayA evaM samrAT saMprati kI sahAyatA se AcArya suhastIsUri ne zramaNa saMgha ko pazcima bhAratAdi kaI prAntoM meM jaina dharma kA pracAra karane ko bheja pArzvanAtha ke saMtAniyoM kA hAtha ba~TAyA hogaa| para usa samaya vizeSa gacchoM kA prAdurbhAva nahIM huA balki akhila jaina zAsana meM mukhya do hI gaccha the dharma kA upAsakA muhastIsUri kAma ke pracAra ke li
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________________ ( 22 ) (1) saudharmagaccha, jo vIra saMtAna (2) upakeza gaccha jo pArzva saMtAna thI aura ina donoM gacchoM ke AcArya Apasa meM milajula kara jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA karate the / pazcima bhArata meM jo koI prAcArya naye jaina banAte ve una sabako pUrva sthApita mahAjana saMgha meM zAmila kara dete the kyoMki ve alaga 2 ToliyoM ke bajAya eka saMgha meM hI sabhI ko saMgaThita karane meM apanA gaurava aura zAsana kA hita samajhate the aura yaha pravRtti Akhira naye jaina banAye taba taka sAmAnya vizeSa rUpa se calatI hI rahI / isa bAta kI puSTi Aja bhI hajAroM zilAlekha kara rahe haiN| dekhiye kyA ratnaprabhasUri Adi upakezagaccha ke AcAryoM ke banAye hue ajainoM ko jaina, tathA kyA anya gacchIya AcAryoM ke banAye naye jaina, ina saba ke nAmoM ke sAtha "ueza-upakeza Adi zabdoM kA prayoga zilAlekhoM meM prAyaH sarvatra dRSTigocara hotA hai aura upakeza vaMza jaisA upakezapura se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai vaisA hI upakeza gaccha se bhI saMbaMdha rakhatA hai| ataeva mahAjana saMgha kA gaccha eka upakeza gaccha hI thA aura aisA honA nyAya-saMgata evaM yuktiyukta bhI hai kyoMki upakeza gacchAcAryoM ne hI to isa mahAjana saMgha kI zurU meM sthApanA kI thI aura vizeSakara isI gaccha ke AcAryoM ne isakA ( mahAjana saMgha kA ) siMcana poSaNa aura vRddhi bhI kI hai aura Age cala kara bArahavIM terahavIM zatAbdI meM jo kriyA bheda ke naye gaccha paidA hue haiM unhoMne to mahAjana saMgha kA poSaNa nahIM para use chinna bhinna kara usakA zoSaNa hI kiyA hai| pUrva jamAne ke niHspRhI jaina nipranthoM ko na to gaccha kA mamatva bhAva thA aura na ve aisA karane meM zAsana kA hita hI sama
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________________ ( 23 ) jhate the, kevala apane apane ziSya samudAya ko vAcanA dene ko yA apanI apanI guru paramparA vyavasthita rahane kI garja se hI ve loga gacchoM ko upAdeya samajhate the / . kalpa sUtra kI sthavirAvalI se patA calatA hai ki Arya bhadrabAhu evaM suhastIsUri ke samaya se hI kaI gaNa ( gaccha ) evaM zAkhAeM nikalanI zurU to ho gaI thIM para unake andara siddhAnta yA kriyA-bheda nahIM thA aura yaha pravRtti prAyaH vikrama kI dasavIM, gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka ThIka calatI rahI aura jahA~ taka AcAyoM meM kisI bAta kA vizeSa mata-bheda nahIM thA tathA ApasI kleza kusaM pAdi kA bhI prAyaH abhAva hI thA, vahA~ taka mahAjana saMgha kA bhI prati dina khUba udaya hotA hI gayA / kintu kalikAla ke kuTila prabhAva se gyArahavIM bArahavIM zatAbdI meM una gacchoM kI utpatti huI jo Apasa meM siddhAnta bheda, kriyA bheda Adi DAla kara eka dUsare ko midhyAtvI aura ninhava zabdoM se saMbodhita karane lage / basa usI dina se saMgha ke dina phira gae aura una gacchanAyakoM " ko mamatva evaM svArtha ne unakA mUla dhyeya bhulA diyA / isase ve loga apanI apanI vAr3A bandhI meM hI apanI unnati evaM kalyANa samajhane lage / dUsarA eka aura bhI kAraNa huA ki caityavAsiyoM ne maMdiroM ke nirvAha ke lie eka aisI yojanA taiyAra kI thI ki jisase zrAvakoM kI mandira evaM dharma para aTUTa zraddhA banI rahe aura mandiroM kA bhI kAma sucAru rUpa se calatA rahe / vaha yojanA yaha thI ki una caityavAsI AcAyoM ne apane apane maMdira ke goSThI ( sabhAsad ) banA diye the, isameM vizeSataH ve hI loga
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________________ ( 24 ) 'bharatI hote the jo ki mandira ke najadIka rahate the / yadi eka pitA ke do putra hoM aura ve pRthakU 2 mandiroM ke pAsa rahate hoM to niyamAnusAra ve una pRthaka 2 do mandiroM ke sabhAsad bana jAte the / isI prakAra eka bApa ke aneka putra hoM yA eka gotra ke anekoM ghara hoM aura ve saba anyAnya grAmoM meM rahate hoM to eka bhAI eka grAma meM eka maMdira kA aura dUsarA bhAI dUsare grAma meM dUsare maMdira kA sabhAsada bana sakatA thA / ataH isa prakAra kI pravRtti se maMdiroM kA prabandha khUba vyavasthita ho gayA aura yaha pravRtti sarvatra phaila bhI gaI, jisase una maMdiroM kI jummevArI kA bojhA bhI una caityAvAsiyoM ke zira se halakA ho gayA aura una sabhAsadoM kI dekha rekha meM maMdiroM kA kAma bhI cArutayA calatA rahA / tathA isake sAtha eka yaha bhI niyama banA diyA ki jaba kabhI tuma kinhI prasaMgoM para maMdiroM ko kucha arpaNa karanA cAho to jisa maMdira ke tuma sabhAsada ho usa maMdira meM anya maMdiroM se dviguNa dravya denA; kyoMki isase dAna dene vAle ko hI nahIM para unakI vaMza paramparA ko bhI isa bAta kA smaraNa rahe ki yaha hamArA maMdira hai ityAdi / jisa samaya ukta pravRti prAraMbha huI usa samaya una caityavAsI AcAryoM ke sarala hRdaya kA uddezya cAhe maMdiroM ke rakSaNa karane kA hI hogA tathA zrAvaka loga bhI pAsa meM maMdira hone se sabhAsada bana gae hoMge, para ve zrAcArya tathA zrAvaka acchI taraha se jAnate the ki amuka zrAvaka amuka AcArya kA pratibodhita zrAvaka hai aura isakA amuka gaccha hai / para kAlAMtara meM isakA rUpa bhI badala gayA aura una caitya
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________________ ( 25 ) cAsI AcAryoM kI saMtAna ne una zrAvakoM kI saMtAna para chApa Thoka dI ki tuma hamAre gaccha ke zrAvaka ho, hamAre pUrvajoM ne tumhAre pUrvajoM ko mAMsa madirA Adi chur3A ke zrAvaka banAya thA, isIlie tumhAre pUrvaja hamAre maMdira upAzraya kI Dabala lAga dete Ae haiM, ataeva tuma hamAre gaccha ke zrAvaka ho / aura isa viSaya ke kaI kalpita lekha banAkara lipibaddha kara lie / phira kyA thA zrAvakoM ke gale meM to unhoMne pahale hI se apanAyata kI jaMjIra DAla dI thIM ki anya mandiroM se apane mandira kI Dabala lAga do tathA parvAdi dinoM meM usI upAzraya kA vyAkhyAna suno ityAdi / uparokta ina kAraNoM se zrAvakoM ke saMskAra aise sajar3a jama gae ki hama isI mandira, upAzraya aura gaccha ke zrAvaka haiM / isa prakAra se eka hI gAMva ke pRthak 2 do maMdiroM ke athavA pRthaka 2 gAMvoM ke maMdiroM ke sabhAsada eka gotrIya hote hue bhI mandiroM ke sabhAsadatva ke kAraNa apanI sarala prakRtivaza anyAnya gacchoM ke upAsI ho gaye jo ki Aja bhI dRSTigocara ho rahe haiM / kiMtu jaba kabhI saMgha nikAlane yA pratiSThA karavAne ke samaya vAsakSepa dene kA kAma par3atA taba Apasa meM gaccha nAyakoM ke vAda-vivAda khar3A ho jAtA, kyoMki jisa jAti ke jo asalI pratibodhaka zrAcArya the unakI saMtAna hI unako vAsakSepa dene kI adhikAriNI thI / para jaba ve zrAvaka apane gaccha ko bhUla kara mandiroM ke sabhAsada banane se anya gaccha ke upAsaka bana gaye to vivAda honA svAbhAvika hI thA / tathApi usa samaya zAsana hitacintaka AcArya vidyamAna the aura ve isa bAta ko bhI jAnate the
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________________ ( 26 ) ki mahAjana, saMgha para mUla upakAra to amuka AcAryoM kA hI hai ataeva unhoMne vi0 saM0 775 meM bhAga rAjA ke saMgha ke samaya ekatrita ho isa bAta kA prabandha kara likhita kara liyA ki koI bhI zrAvaka kisI bhI mandira upAzraya, kA sabhAsada kyoM na bana jAya, para jaba vAsakSepa dene kA kAma par3egA taba to unake mUla pratibodhaka AcArya kI saMtAna hogI vahI vAsakSepa degI; isameM kinhI anya gaccha vAloM ko vAda-vivAda karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / isa Azaya kA likhata karane meM nimnalikhita AcArya sahamata theH --: (1) nAgendra gacchIya -- somaprabhasUri / (2) nivRtti gacchIya - mahendrasUri / (3) vidyAdhara gacchIya - hariyAnandasUri / (4) upakeza gacchIya - siddhasUri / (5) brAhmaNa gacchIya - jajjagasUri / (6) caMdra gacchIya - padmaprabhari / (7) koraMTa gacchIya - sarvadevasUri / (8) vRddha gacchIya - udayaprabhasUri / (9) saMDArA gacchIya - IzvarasUri / inake alAvA 28 zrAcArya aura kaI rAjA aura zrAvakoM kI sahI haiM "aMcala gaccha paTAvali pRSTha 79" / ityAdi aura bhI bahuta se AcAryoM kI sammati se yaha likhata huA aura isakA pAlana bhI acchI taraha hone se saMgha meM zAnti aura aitihAsika vyavasthA ThIka taura para calatI rahI / tathA bAda bhI isI prakAra anya koI bhI jhamelA par3atA to ve
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________________ ( 27 ) agraNI AcArya ekatrita ho tatkSaNa usakA nipaTArA kara lete the| para pArTie~ banA kara usa mAmale ko sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ke hAtha taka pahu~cane nahIM dete the| yahI kAraNa hai ki caityavAsiyoM ke samaya kA ApasI khaMDana maMDana kA koI bhI graMtha dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai / isase yaha pAyA jAtA hai ki caityavAsiyoM kA saMgaThana bahuta joradAra thA aura isI kAraNa se ve kriyoddhArakoM kI laMbI. caur3I pukAreM hone para bhI 1200 taka apane akhaMDa zAsana ko calA sake, aura jaba daivadurvipAka se unake aMdara phUTa par3a gaI to tatkAla unake paira ukhar3a gaye / ___ astu, aba Age cala kara hama caityavAsiyoM ke bAda ke kriyAuddhArakoM ke samaya kA avalokana karate haiM to patA lagatA hai ki una (kriyoddhArakoM) ko to isa bAta (vADAbaMdhI) kI anivArya jarUrata hI thI, kyoMki ve samudra sadRza zAsana se nikala apanI alaga dukAna jamAnA cAhate the| ataH kriyA kI oTa meM jisa.. jisa gaccha ke zrAvaka unake hAtha lage unako hI apane pakSa meM milA kara chappana masAle kI khicar3I banA ddaalii| unakI aneka. cAleM thIM jinameM se katipaya yahAM uddhRta kara dI jAtI haiM : 1-jisa prAnta meM pUrvAcArya nahIM pahu~ce vahA~ jAkara bicAre bhadrika logoM ko apanI mAnI huI kriyA karavA kara apane gaccha. kI chApa usa para lagA dii| 2-kisI zrAvaka ke banAe hue maMdira ko pratiSThA karavA kara usa para vAsakSepa DAla diyA aura vahI unakA zrAvaka bana gyaa| . 3-kisI gaccha ke zrAvaka ke nikAle hue saMgha meM sAtha gae to unako apanI kriyA karavA kara apanA zrAvaka niyata kara diyaa|
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________________ ( 28 ) 4-kisI ko maMtra yaMtrAdi batalA kara apanA upAsaka banA liyaa| 5-kisI ko svakalpita lekha batA kara apanA zrAvaka banA liyaa| 6-kisI ko zuSka kriyA kA ADambara batalA kara apanA zrAvaka sthira kara liyaa| ___ ityAdi kaI prakAra se prapaMca raca kara jo pUrvakAla meM saMgha kA zreSTha saMgaThana thA usake Tukar3e 2 kara DAle / yahI kAraNa hai ki eka hI jAti ke loga eka hI gA~va athavA grAmAtara meM bhinnabhinna gacchoM ke upAsaka bana ge| khaira / yaha to huA so huA hI hai, para eka bar3A bhArI nukasAna yaha bhI huA ki una jAtiyoM kA itihAsa bhI asta vyasta ho gayA / jaise ki (1) AdityanAga-corar3iyA gulecchA pArakha gadaiyA savasukhA nAbari Adi (2) bAppanAgabahuphUNA-vAphanA jA~ghar3A nAhatA vaitAlAdi (3) balAha-rAMkA vAMkA seThAdi (4) saMcetI vagaraha jAtiyoM kA itihAsa 2400 varSa jitanA prAcIna hai aura ina jAtiyoM ke upadezaka AcArya ratnaprabhasUri the tathA ina jAtiyoM ke kaI nararatnoM ne asaMkhya dravya vyaya kara evaM AtmIya puruSArtha dvArA deza samAja evaM dharma kI bar3I bar3I sevAe~ kara nAmanA kamAI kI / ina jAtiyoM ko kaI ajJa loga sAta ATha sau varSa itanI arvAcIna batalA dete hai / yaha eka itihAsa kA khUna nahIM to aura kyA hai ? isakA khAsa kAraNa to yaha huA jJAta hotA hai ki kisI prAnta evaM grAma meM anya gacchIya AcAryoM kA adhika paricaya hone ke kAraNa bhadrika zrAvaka unhIM AcAryoM ke
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________________ ( 29 ) gaccha kI kriyA karane laga gye| phira to thA hI kyA, ve AcArya yA unakI saMtAna ne una zrAvakoM para yaha chApa aMkita karadI ki tuma hamAre gaccha ke zrAvaka ho / itanA hI kyoM balki unhoMne to kaI kalpita DhaMce bhI lipibaddha kara diye aura unameM prastuta jAtiyoM kI utpatti kA samaya arvAcIna batalA diyA / phira bhI turrA yaha ki una kalpita kalevaroM meM una jAtiyoM ke viSaya meM jina nAma grAma samaya AcArya kA ullekha kiyA hai itihAsa meM unakI gandha taka bhI nahIM milatI hai (dekho 'jaina jAti nirNaya' prthmaangk)| bAta bhI ThIka hai ki jahA~ havAI kile banA kara apane iSTa kI siddhi karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA ho vahA~ isake alAvA kyA mila sakatA hai / sAtha meM una bhadrika zrAvakoM ke bhI aise sajar3a saMskAra: jama gaye ki ve satya kA saMzodhana na kara kevala apane Agraha ko hI apanA kartavya samajha liyA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki isa kRtaghnatA ke vajrapApa se ve dina pratidina rasAtala meM jA rahe haiN| kyoMki eka. hI pitA ke do putroM meM gacchoM kA itanA dveSa ? itanA vaimanasya ? itanA hI kyoM para kabhI kabhI to una pUrvAcAryo ko bhalA burA kahane meM bhI nahIM cUkate haiN| phira bhI mandira mUrtiyoM ke darzana-pUjA varaghor3A tIrtha - yAtrA kA saMgha prabhAvanA svAmivAtsalyAdi kAryoM meM caturvidhi saMgha kA aikatra hone ke kAraNa thor3A bahuta saMgaThana raha bhI gayA thA, parantu kudarata se vaha bhI sahana nahIM ho sakA, ataeva dhUmraketu sadRza DhUMDhiyoM aura teraha paMthiyoM ke alaga Andolana se vaha bhI naSTa bhraSTa ho gayA; aura ye ( DhUMDhiye terahapaMthI ) loga, jina AcAryoM kA mahAn upakAra mAnanA cAhiye thA, ulTe unake nindaka bana
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________________ ( 30 ) gae / basa, khAsa kara mahAjana saMgha evaM osavAla, poravAla, aura zrImAla jAti kA patana isI kAraNa se huA hai / kyoMki duniyAM meM isase bar3ha kara aura dUsarA vajrapApa hI kyA ho sakatA hai ki jina AcAryoM ne athAha parizrama kara jinako mAMsa madirAdi durvyasanoM se bacA sadAcArI banAyA, Aja ve hI loga unake upakAroM ko bhUla ulTI unakI nindA kareM / are kRtaghnna bhAIyoM ! * aba bhI tuma soco samajho ki kyA tumhAre lie yahI upayukta mArga hai ? mere khayAla se to niHspRhI sAdhuoM ko gacchoM kA mamatva rakhanA lAbha ke badale hAniprada hI hai / kyoMki tyAgI sAdhuoM ko saba gacchoM vAle gurU samajha kara pUjya bhAva se unakI pUjA upAsanA kiyA karate haiM / parantu ve ( sAdhu ) hI phira saba ko chor3a kevala eka gaccha ke hI gurU kyoM bane ? yaha to eka athAha samudra ke saMga ko chor3a cIlara pAnI meM A kara girane ke sadRza hai / hA~, ve alabattA jinameM AtmIya guNoM kA abhAsa na ho yA apane durguNoM ko gaccha kI oTa meM chipAte hoM yA parigrahadhArI yati loga haiM aura unameM kucha bhI yogyatA zeSa nahIM hai, ve bicAre ina gacchoM ke jhagar3oM se lAbha uThA sakate haiM / kyoMki uparokta loMgoM ke gaccha ke ghara adhika hoMge unako paidAsa bhI adhika hogI, isI se ve gacchoM kI khIcAtAnI kara zrAvakoM ko Apasa meM lar3Ane meM lAbha uThA sakate haiM / para zAsana sevA kI dRSTi se to isa prakAra gacchoM kI khIMcA-tAnI kara saMgha meM kleza bar3hAnA unake lie bhI hAnikAraka hI hai tathA zrAvakoM ko bhI isameM atyadhika
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________________ - ( 31 ) hAni uThAnI par3atI hai / ataeva jaina zrAvakoM ko cAhie ki ve kheMcA-tAnI meM na par3a kara prabhu pArzvanAtha kI saMtAna kA upakeza gaccha aura mahAvIra kI saMtAna evaM saudharma gaccha ko hI apanA gaccha samajheM, aura parva jamAne meM jitane prabhAvazAlI AcArya hue haiM una saba ko pUjya dRSTi se dekheM, tathA vizeSa isa bAta kI zodha khoja karate raheM ki hamAre pUrvajoM ko mAMsa madirAdi durvyasana kina AcAryoM ne chudd'aayaa| isakA patA lagA kara unakA upakAra vizeSa rupa se mAneM, kyoMki aisA karane se hI jainadharma kI ArAdhanA hogI aura isIse hI kramazaH janma maraNa miTAkara mokSa ke akSaya sukhoM ke adhikArI bana skeNge| sajjano ! uparokta mere lekha se Apa itanA to samajha hI gae hoMge ki AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ne sarva prathama vIra saM0 70 meM upakezapura meM mahAjana saGgha kI sthApanA kI aura bAda meM bhI ApakI santAna ne isakI khUba vRddhi kii| ____ AcArya ratnaprabhasUri ke laghu guru bhAI prAcArya kanakaprabhasUri the / Apa aura ApakI santAna ne prAyaH koraMTapura ke AsapAsa hI bhramaNa kara dharma pracAra kiyaa| isase isa samUha kA nAma koraMTa gaccha prasiddha huaa| inhoMne bhI mahAjana. saMgha kI vRddhi karane meM upakeza gaccha ke AcAryoM kA hAtha ba~TAyA thaa| vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM AcArya yakSadevasUri dvArA saudharma gaccha meM cAra kula sthApita hue candrakula, nAgendrakula nivRtti kula aura vidyAdhara kula / ina cAra kuloM se vikrama ko gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM kaI gaccha nikale / unameM kaI AcArya aise
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________________ ( 32 ) bhI hue ki unhoMne kaI ajainoM ko jaina banAkara unako alaga nahIM rakha pUrva mahAjana saMgha meM milA diyA aura una saba jAtiyoM ke sAtha ueza, ukeza, aura upakeza vaMza kA vizeSaNa khuda una AcAryoM ne hI lagAyA aisA zilAlekhoM se mAlUma hotA hai| ataeva jaina jAtiyoM kA gaccha upakeza gaccha honA hI yukti yukta aura nyAya saMgata haiN| hA~ kaI jAtiyoM ke pratibodha AcArya saudharma gacchIya jarUra haiM, para unhoMne apanI jAtiyAM alaga na rakhakara upakeza vaMza ke zAmila karadI thii| isa viSayakA vivaraNa dekho 'jaina jAtiyoM ke gacchoM kA itihAsa' nAmaka kitAba meM tathApi prakRta lekha meM maiMne merI zodha khoja tathA cirazAstrAbhyAsa se jo kucha patA lagAyA hai use pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie yahA~ saMkSepa se uddhRta kiyA hai| vizvAsa hai tatvagrAhI isase kucha na kucha lAbha avazya utthaaveNge| __ anta meM maiM yaha nivedana karUMgA ki maiMne yaha mahAjana saMgha kI utpatti kA itihAsa Apa sajjanoM kI sevA meM rakhA hai / yadi yaha Apako rucikara huA to Age kramazaH mahAjana saMgha ke nararatnoM kA itihAsa bhI isI prakAra choTe choTe TraikToM dvArA Apa ke paThanArtha upasthita karatA rahU~gA jisase ke Apake pAsa itihAsa kI azlI. sAmagrI ekatra hojAyagA-iti zubham / ..
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________________ ............... ..... banArasa meM cAMdI sone kI cIz2oM kA kArakhAnA jisameM ki hara prakAra kA cAMdI sone kA sAmAna jaise-Tebula, kursI, palaGga, haudA, gAr3I, ratha, nAlakI, vaidI, caudaha supanA, siMghAsana, bijalI kA jhAr3a, jhUlana tathA hAthI va ghor3e kA jevara, AsA, soTA, ballama, char3I vagairaha, gulAbapAsa, ataradAna, phUladAna, pAnadAna, thAlI, loTA, gilAsa ityAdi hara taraha kA pharnIcara taiyAra rahatA hai va oNrDara dvArA ThIka samaya para taiyAra kiyA jAtA hai| ucita mUlya aura bar3hiyA kAma isake alAvA banArasI sAr3iyAM, lahaMgA, dupaTTA, sAphA, khrinakhApa, pota, pAtala, khaMDa aura kAzI silka ke kapar3e bhI thoka taiyAra rahate haiM-eka dafe oNrDara dekara avazya khAtrI kiijiye| 'lAla jaina -banArasa siTI Benares City. mudraka zambhUsiMha bhATI dvArA Adarza priMTiMga presa, kaisaragaMja ajamera meM chapI