Niryukti Sahitya Ek Punarchintan

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Sagarmal Jain
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/212304/1

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana -pro. sAgaramala jaina jisa prakAra vedoM ke zabdoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM sarvaprathama nirukta likhe gaye, sambhavataH usI prakAra jaina paramparA meM AgamoM kI vyAkhyA ke lie sarvaprathama niyuktiyA~ likhane kA kArya huaa| jaina AgamoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM likhe gaye granthoM meM niyuktiyA~ prAcInatama hai| Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya mukhya rUpa se nimna pA~ca rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai-- 1. niyukti 2. bhASya 3. cUrNi 4, saMskRta vRttiyA~ evaM TIkAeM aura 5. TabbA arthAt Agamika zabdoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie prAcIna maru-gurjara meM likhA gayA AgamoM kA shbdaarth| inake atirikta samprati Adhunika bhASAoM yathA hindI, gujarAtI evaM aMgrejI meM bhI AgamoM para vyAkhyAe~ likhI jA rahI hai| suprasiddha jarmana vidvAna zArapenTiyara uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI bhUmikA meM niyukti kI paribhASA ko spaSTa karate hue likhate hai ki 'niyuktiyA~ mukhya rUpa se kevala viSayasUcI kA kAma karatI haiN| ve sabhI vistArayukta ghaTanAoM ko saMkSepa meM ullikhita karatI hai|' anuyogadArasUtra meM niyuktiyoM ke tIna vibhAga kiye gaye haiM -- 1. nikSepa-niyukti -- isameM nikSepoM ke AdhAra para pAribhASaka zabdoM kA artha spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai| 2. upodghAta-niyukti -- isameM Agama meM varNita viSaya kA pUrvabhUmikA ke rUpa meM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| 3. sUtrasparzika-niyukti -- isameM Agama kI viSaya-vastu kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| pro. ghATake iNDiyana hisTArIkala kvArTaralI khaNDa 12Y270 meM niyuktiyoM ko nimna tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai -- 1. zuddha-niyuktiyoM -- jinameM kAla ke prabhAva se kucha bhI mizraNa na huA ho, jaise AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga kI niyuktiyaaN| 2. mizrita kintu vyavacchedya-niyuktiyA~ -- jinameM mUlabhASyoM kA samizraNa ho gayA hai, tathApi ve vyavachedya hai, jaise dazavakAlika aura AvazyakasUtra kI niyuktiyaaN| 3. bhASya mizrita-niyuktiyA~ -- ve niyuktiyA~ jo Ajakala bhASya yA bRhadbhASya meM hI samAhita ho gayI hai aura una donoM ko pRthak-pRthaka karanA kaThina hai| jaise nizItha Adi kI niyuktiyaaN|

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niryuktiyA~ vastutaH Agamika paribhASika zabdoM evaM Agamika viSayoM ke artha ko sunizcita karane kI eka prayatna haiN| phira bhI niyuktiyA~ ati saMkSipta haiM, inameM mAtra Agamika zabdoM evaM viSayoM ke artha saMketa hI haiM, jinheM bhASya aura TIkAoM ke mAdhyama se hI samyak prakAra se jhA jA sakatA hai| jaina AgamoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM jina niryuktiyoM kA praNayana huA, ve mukhyataH prAkRta gAthAoM meM haiN| Avazyakaniyukti meM niyukti zabda kA artha aura niyuktiyoM ke likhane kA prayojana batAte hue kahA gayA hai -- "eka zabda ke aneka artha hote haiM, ataH kauna sA artha kisa prasaMga meM upayukta hai, yaha nirNaya karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza ke AdhAra para likhita Agamika granthoM meM kauna se zabda kA kyA artha hai, ise spaSTa karanA hI niyukti kA prayojana hai|" dUsare zabdoM meM niyukti jaina paramparA ke pAribhASika zabdoM kA spaSTIkaraNa hai| yahA~ hameM smaraNa rahe ki jaina paramparA meM aneka zabda apane vyutpattiparaka artha meM grahIta na hokara apane pAribhASika artha meM grahIta haiM, jaise astikAyoM ke prasaMga meM dharma evaM adharma zabda, karma siddhAnta ke sandarbha meM prayukta karma zabda athavA syAdvAda meM prayukta syAt shbd| AcArAMga meM 'daMsaNa' (darzana) zabda kA jo artha hai, uttarAdhyayana meM usakA vahI artha nahIM hai| darzanAvaraNa meM darzana zabda kA jo artha hotA hai vahI artha darzana moha ke sandarbha meM nahIM hotA hai| ataH Agama granthoM meM zabda ke prasaMgAnusAra artha kA nirdhAraNa karane meM niyuktiyoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai| -- niyukti sAhitya eka punacintana niryuktiyoM kI vyAkhyA -zailI kA AdhAra mukhya rUpa se jaina paramparA meM pracalita nikSepa paddhati rahI hai| jaina paramparA meM vAkya ke artha kA nizcaya nayoM ke AdhAra para evaM zabda ke artha kA nizcaya nikSepoM ke AdhAra para hotA hai| nikSepa cAra hai nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhaav| ina cAra nikSepoM ke AdhAra para eka hI zabda ke cAra bhinna artha ho sakate haiN| nikSepa-paddhati meM zabda ke sambhAvita vividha arthoM kA ullekha kara unameM se aprastuta artha kA niSedha karake prastuta artha kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM Avazyaka-niryukti ke prArambha meM abhinibodha jJAna ke cAra bhedoM ke ullekha ke pazcAt unake arthoM ko spaSTa karate huye kahA gayA hai ki arthoM ( padArthoM) kA grahaNa avagraha hai evaM unake sambandha meM cintana IhA hai| 2 isI prakAra niyuktiyoM meM kisI eka zabda ke paryAyavAcI anya zabdoM kA bhI saMkalana kiyA gayA hai, jaise Abhinibodhika zabda ke paryAya haiM IDA, apoha, vimarza, mArgA, smRti, mati evaM prajJA / 3 niyuktiyoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jahA~ eka ora ve AgamoM ke mahattvapUrNa pAribhASika zabdoM ke arthoM ko spaSTa karatI haiM, vahIM AgamoM ke vibhinna adhyayanoM aura uddezakoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa bhI detI hai| yadyapi isa prakAra kI pravRtti sabhI nirvRktiyoM meM nahIM hai, phira bhI unameM AgamoM ke pAribhASika zabdoM ke artha kA tathA unakI viSaya-vastu kA ati saMkSipta paricaya prApta ho jAtA hai| saMjJA pramukhaniryuktiyA~ nimna hai. -- -- 2 -- AvazyakAniti meM lekhaka ne jina dasa niktiyoM ke likhane kI pratijJA kI thI, ve

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pro. sAgaramala jaina 1. Avazyaka-niyukti 2. dazavaikAlika-niyukti 3. uttarAdhyayana-niyukti 4. AcArAMga-niyukti 5. sUtrakRtAMga-niyukti 6. dazAzrutaskaMdha-niyukti 7: bRhatkalpa-niyukti 8. vyavahAra-niyukti 9. sUrya-prajJapti-niyukti 10. RSibhApita-niyukti vartamAna meM uparyukta dasa meM se ATha hI niyuktiyA~ upalabdha hai, antima do anupalabdha hai| Aja yaha nizcaya kara pAnA ati kaThina hai ki ye antima do niyuktiyoM likhI bhI gayI yA nahIM ? kyoMki hameM kahI bhI aisA koI nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotA, jisake AdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakeM ki kisI kAla meM ye niyuktiyA~ rahIM aura bAda meM vilupta ho gyiiN| yadyapi maine apanI RSibhASita kI bhUmikA meM yaha sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai ki vartamAna 'isImaNDalattha sambhavataH RSibhApita niyukti kA paravartita spa ho, kintu isa sambandha meM nirNayAtmaka rUpa se kucha bhI kahanA kaThina hai| ina donoM niyuktiyoM ke sandarbha meM hamAre sAmane tIna vikalpa ho sakate hai-- 1. sarvaprathama yadi hama yaha mAne ki ina dasoM niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka eka hI vyakti haiM aura unhoMne ina niyuktiyoM kI racanA usI krama meM kI hai, jisa krama se inakA ullekha Avazyaka niyukti meM hai, to aisI sthiti meM yaha sambhava hai ki ve apane jIvana-kAla meM ATha niyuktiyoM kI hI racanA kara pAyeM hoM tathA antima do kI racanA nahIM kara pAyeM ho| 2. dUsare yaha bhI sambhava hai ki granthoM ke mahattva ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue prathama to lekhaka ne yaha pratijJA kara lI ho ki vaha ina dasoM Agama granthoM para niyukti likhegA, kintu jaba usane ina donoM Agama granthoM kA adhyayana kara yaha dekhA ki sUrya-zapti meM jaina-AcAra maryAdAoM ke pratikUla kucha ullekha hai aura apibhApita meM nArada, bhakhaligozAla Adi una vyaktiyoM ke upadeza saMkalita hai jo jaina paramparA ke lie vivAdAspada hai, to usane ina para niyukti likhane kA vicAra sthagita kara diyA ho| 3. tIsarI sambhAvanA yaha bhI hai ki unhoMne ina donoM granthoM para niyuktiyA~ likhI hoM kintu inameM bhI vivAdita viSayoM kA ullekha hone se ina niyuktiyoM ko paThana-pAThana se bAhara rakhA gayA ho aura phalataH apanI upekSA ke kAraNa kAlakrama meM ve vilupta ho gayI ho| yadyapi yahA~ eka zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki, yadi jaina AcAryoM ne vivAdita hote hue bhI ina donoM granthoM ko saMrakSita karake rakhA to unhoMne inakI niyuktiyoM ko saMrakSita karake kyoM nahIM rakhA ? 4. eka anya vikalpa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra darzanaprabhAvaka grantha ke rUpa

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana meM mAnya govindaniryukti vilupta ho gaI hai, usI prakAra ye niryuktiyA~ bhI vilupta ho gaI hoN| nirvAcita sAhitya meM uparokta dasa nirbuktiyoM ke atirikta piNDaniyukti okta evaM ArAdhanAniyukti ko bhI samAviSTa kiyA jAtA hai kintu inameM se piNDaniyukti aura odhaniyukti koI svatantra grantha nahIM hai piNDaniyukti dazavaikAlika niyukti kA eka bhAga hai aura oghaniyukti bhI Avazyaka niyukti kA eka aMza hai| ataH ina donoM ko svatantra niyukti grantha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi vartamAna meM ye donoM niyuktiyA~ apane mUla grantha se alaga hokara svatantra rUpa meM hI upalabdha hotI haiN| AcArya malayagiri ne piNDaniryukti ko dazavekAlikaniyukti kA hI eka vibhAga mAnA hai, unake anusAra dazavekAlika ke piNDepaNA nAmaka pA~caveM adhyayana para vizada niryukti hone se usako vahA~ se pRthak karake piNDaniryukti ke nAma se eka svatantra grantha banA diyA gyaa| malayagiri spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki jahA~ dazavaikAlika niyukti meM lekhaka ne namaskArapUrvaka prArambha kiyA, vahI piNDaniryukti meM aisA nahIM 6. ataH piNDaniyukti svatantra grantha nahIM hai dazavaikAlikaniyukti tathA Avazyaka niyukti se inheM bahuta pahale hI alaga kara diyA gayA thaa| jahA~ taka ArAdhanAniryukti kA prazna hai, zvetAmbara sAhitya meM to kahIM bhI isakA ullekha nahIM hai| pro. e. ena. upAdhye ne bRhatkathAkoza kI apanI prastAvanA' (pR.31) meM mUlAcAra kI eka gAthA kI vasunandI kI TIkA ke AdhAra para isa niyukti kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu ArAdhanAniryukti kI unakI yaha kalpanA yathArtha nahIM hai| mUlAcAra ke TIkAkAra vasunandI svayaM evaM pro. e. ena. upAdhye jI mUlAcAra kI usa gAthA ke artha ko samyak prakAra se samajha nahIM pAye haiN| 7 vaha gAthA nimnAnusAra hai - "ArAhaNa Nijjuti maraNavibhattI ya saMgahatthudio / paccakkhANAvasaya dhammakahAo ya eriso|" [mUlAdhAra, paMcadhAradhikAra, 2791 arthAt ArAdhanA, niyukti, maraNavibhakti, saMgrahaNIsUtra stuti (vIrastuti), pratyAkhvAna (mahApratyAkhyAna, AturapratyAkhyAna), AvazyakasUtra, dharmakathA tathA aise anya granthoM kA adhyayana asvAdhyAya kAla meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH mUlAcAra kI isa gAthA ke anusAra ArAdhanA evaM niyukti ye alaga-alaga svatantra grantha hai| isameM ArAdhanA se tAtparya ArAdhanA nAmaka prakIrNaka athavA bhagavatI ArAdhanA se tathA niyukti se tAtparya Avazyaka Adi sabhI niryuktiyoM se hai| ataH ArAdhanAniyukti nAmaka niyukti kI kalpanA adhArtha hai| isa niyukti ke astitva kI koI sUcanA anyatra bhI nahIM milatI hai aura na yaha grantha hI upalabdha hotA hai| ina dasa niyuktiyoM ke atirikti Adi kI gati kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, kintu yaha bhI niyukti vartamAna meM anupalabdha hai inakA ullekha nandIsUtra vyavahAra-bhAyA AvazyakayUga 10 evaM nizI meM milatA hai| isa niyukti kI viSaya vastu mukhya rUpa se ,

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pro. sAgaramala jaina ekendriya arthAt pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu, vanaspati Adi meM jIvana kI siddhi karanA thA / ise govinda nAmaka AcArya ne banAyA thA aura unake nAma ke AdhAra para hI isakA nAmakaraNa huA hai| kathAnakoM ke anusAra ye bauddha paramparA se Akara jaina paramparA meM dIkSita hue the| merI dRSTi meM yaha niyukti AcArAMga ke prathama adhyayana aura dazavaikAlika ke caturtha SaT jIva nikAya nAmaka adhyayana se sambandhita rahI hogI aura isakA uddezya bauddhoM ke viruddha pRthvI, pAnI Adi meM jIvana kI siddhi karanA rahA hogaa| yahI kAraNa hai isakI gaNanA darzana prabhAvaka grantha meM kI gayI hai| saMjJI - zruta ke sandarbha meM isakA ullekha bhI yahI batAtA hai| 12. 13 isI prakAra saMsakta niyukti nAmaka eka aura niyukti kA ullekha milatA hai| isameM 84 AgamoM ke sambandha meM ullekha hai| isameM mAtra 94 gAthAeM haiN| 84 AgamoM kA ullekha hone se vidvAnoM ne ise paryApta paravartI evaM visaMgata racanA mAnA hai| ataH ise prAcIna niryukti sAhitya meM parigaNita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra vartamAna niyuktiyA~ dasa niyuktiyoM meM samAhita ho jAtI hai| inake atirikta anya kisI niryukti nAmaka grantha kI jAnakArI hameM nahIM hai| dasa niyuktiyoM kA racanA krama : yadyapi dasoM niyuktiyA~ eka hI vyakti kI racanAyeM haiN| phira bhI inakI racanA eka krama meM huI hogii| Avazyakaniyukti meM jisa krama se ina dasa niryuktiyoM kA nAmollekha hai 14 usI krama se unakI racanA huI hogI, vidvAnoM ke isa kathana kI puSTi nimna pramANoM se hotI hai - 1. Avazyaka niryukti kI racanA sarvaprathama huI hai, yaha tathya svataH siddha hai, kyoMki isI niyukti meM sarvaprathama dasa niyuktiyoM kI racanA karane kI pratijJA kI gayI hai aura usameM bhI Avazyaka kA nAmollekha sarvaprathama huA hai| 15 punaH Avazyakaniryukti se nihUnavavAda se sambandhita sabhI gAthAeM (gAthA 778 se 784 taka) 16 uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM (gAthA 164 se 178 taka ) 17 meM lI gayI hai| isase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda hI uttarAdhyayananiyukti Adi anya niyuktiyoM kI racanA huI hai| Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda sabase pahale dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI racanA huI hai aura usake bAda pratijJAgAthA ke kramAnusAra anya niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI gii| isa kathana kI puSTi Age diye gaye uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke sandarbhoM se hotI hai| 2. uttarAdhyayananiyukti gAthA 29 meM 'vinaya' kI vyAkhyA karate hue yaha kahA gayA hai-- 'viNao puvvuddiTThA' arthAt vinaya ke sambandha meM hama pahale kaha cuke haiN| 18 isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayanakti kI racanA se pUrva kisI aisI niyukti kI racanA ho cukI thI, jisameM vinaya sambandhI vivecana thA / yaha bAta dazavaikAlika niyukti ko dekhane se spaSTa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki dazavaikAlikaniryukti meM vinaya samAdhi nAmaka naveM adhyayana kI niryukti (gAthA 309 se 326 taka) meM 'vinaya' zabda kI vyAkhyA hai| 19 isI prakAra uttarAdhyayananiyukti gAthA 207) meM kAmApA unakara vaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki 5

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana kAma ke viSaya meM pahale vivecana kiyA jA cukA hai|20 yaha vivecana bhI hameM dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI gAthA 161 se 163 taka meM mila jAtA hai|21 uparokta donoM sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para yaha bAta siddha hotI hai ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti dazavaikAlikaniyukti ke bAda hI likhI gyii| 3. Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda dazavaukalikaniyukti aura phira uttarAdhyayananiyukti kI racanA huI, yaha to pUrva carcA se siddha ho cukA hai| ina tInoM niyuktiyoM kI racanA ke pazcAt AcArAMganiyukti kI racanA huI hai, kyoMki AcArAMga niyukti kI gAthA 5 meM kahA gayA hai -- 'AyAre aMgammi ya puvuddiTThA caukkayaM niklevoM - AcAra aura aMga ke nikSepoM kA vivecana pahale ho cukA hai|2 dazavakAlikaniyukti meM dazavaikAlikasUtra ke kSullakAdhAra adhyayana kI niyukti (gAthA 79-88) meM 'AcAra zabda ke artha kA vivecana tathA uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke tRtIya 'caturaMga adhyayana kI niyukti karate hue gAthA 143-144 meM 'aMga' zabda kA vivecana kiyA hai|23 ataH yaha siddha hotA hai ki Avazyaka, dazavakAlika evaM uttarAdhyayana ke pazcAt hI AcArAMganiyukti kA kama hai| isI prakAra AcArAMga kI caturtha vimukticUlikA kI niyukti meM 'vimukti zabda kI niyukti karate hue gAthA 331 meM likhA hai ki 'mora zabda kI niyukti ke anusAra hI 'vimukti zabda kI niyukti bhI samajhanA caahie|24cuuNki uttarAdhyayana ke aTThAvIsaveM adhyayana kI niyukti (gAthA 497-98) meM mokSa zabda kI niyukti kI jA cukI thii| ataH isase yahI siddha huA ki AcArAMganiyukti kA krama uttarAdhyayana ke pazcAt hai| Avazyakaniyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti, uttarAdhyayananiyukti evaM AcArAMganiyukti ke pazcAt sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kA krama AtA hai| isa tathya kI puSTi isa AdhAra para bhI hotI hai ki sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kI gAthA 99 meM yaha ullikhita hai ki 'dharma zabda ke nikSepoM kA vivecana pUrva meM ho cukA hai (dhammopuvuddiTTho) 120 dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM dazavaikAlikasUtra kI prathama gAthA kA vivecana karate samaya dharma zabda ke nikSepoM kA vivecana huA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sUtakRtAMganiyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti ke bAda nirmita huI hai| isI prakAra sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kI gAthI 127 meM kahA hai gNdhopubuddittttho|28 hama dekhate hai ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti gAthA 267-268 meM grantha zabda ke nikSepoM kA bhI kathana huA hai|29 isase sUtrakRtAMganiyukti bhI dazavakAlikaniyukti evaM uttarAdhyayananiyukti se paravartI hI siddha hotI hai| 4. uparyukta pA~ca niyuktiyoM ke yathAkrama se nirmita hone ke pazcAt hI tIna cheda sUtroM yathA -- dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRThatkalpa evaM vyavahAra para niyuktiyA~ bhI unake ullekha krama se hI likhI gayIM hai, kyoMki dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti ke prArambha meM hI prAcInagotrIya sakala zruta ke jJAtA aura dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahAra ke racayitA bhadrabAhu ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM bhI ina tInoM granthoM kA ullekha usI krama se hai jisa krama se niyukti-lekhana kI pratijJA meM hai|30 ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina tInoM granthoM kI niyuktiyA~ isI krama meM likhI gayI hogii| uparyukta ATha niyuktiyoM kI racanA ke pazcAta hI sUryaprajJapti evaM isibhAsiyAI kI niyukti kI racanA honI thii| ina donoM banyoM para niyuktiyA~ likhI mI gayIM yA nahIM, Aja yaha

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pro. sAgaramala jaina nirNaya karanA atyanta kaThina hai, kyoMki pUrvokta pratijJA gAthA ke atirikta hameM ina niyuktiyoM ke sandarbha meM kahIM bhI koI bhI sUcanA nahIM milatI hai| ataH ina niyuktiyoM kI racanA honA saMdigdha hI hai| yA to ina niyuktiyoM ke lekhana kA krama Ane se pUrva hI niyuktikAra kA svargavAsa ho cukA hogA yA phira ina donoM granthoM meM kucha vivAdita prasaMgoM kA ullekha hone se niyuktikAra ne inakI racanA karane kA nirNaya hI sthagita kara diyA hogaa| ___ataH sambhAvanA yahI hai ki ye donoM niyuktiyA~ likhI hI nahIM gaI, cAhe inake nahIM likhe jAne ke kAraNa kucha bhI rahe hoN| pratijJAgAthA ke atirikta sUtrakRtAMganiyukti gAthA 189 meM pinApita kA nAma avazya AyA hai| vahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki jisa-jisa siddhAnta yA mata meM jisa kisI artha kA nizcaya karanA hotA hai usameM pUrva kahA gayA artha hI mAnya hotA hai, jaise ki-- RSibhASita meN| kintu yaha ullekha RSibhASita mUla grantha ke sambandha meM hI sUcanA detA hai na ki usakI niyukti ke sambandha meN| niyukti ke lekhaka aura racanA-kAla : niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka kauna hai aura unakA racanA kAla kyA hai ye donoM prazna eka-dUsare se jur3e hue haiN| ataH hama una para alaga-alaga vicAra na karake eka sAtha hI vicAra kreNge| - paramparAgata spa se antima zrutakevalI, caturdazapUrvadhara tathA chedasUtroM ke racayitA Arya bhadrabAhu prathama ko hI niyuktiyoM kA kartA mAnA jAtA hai| muni zrI puNyavijaya jI ne atyanta parizrama dvArA zruta-kevalI bhadrabAhu ko niyuktiyoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane vAle nimna sAkSyoM ko saMkalita karake prastuta kiyA hai| jinheM hama yahA~ avikala rUpa se de rahe hai32 -- 1. "anuyogadAyinaH -- sudharmasvAmiprabhRtayaH yAvadasya bhagavato niyuktikArasya bhadrabAhusvAminazcaturdazapUrvadharasyAcAryo'tastAn srvaaniti||" - AcArAMgasUtra, zIlAGkAcArya kRta TIkA-patra 4. "naca keyAMcidihodAharaNAnAM niyuktikAlAdarvAkkAlAbhAvitA ityanyoktatvamAzaGkanIyam, sa hi bhagavAzcaturdazapUrvavit zrutakevalI kAlatrayaviSayaM vastu pazyatyeveti kathamanyakRtatvAzakA ? iti|" uttarAdhyayanasUtra zAntisUrikRtA pAiyaTIkA-patra 139. "guNAdhikasya vandana karttavyam na tvadhamasya, yata uktam --" guNAhie vNdnnyN"| bhadrabAhusvAminazcaturdazapUrvadharatvAd dazapUrvadharAdInAM ca nyUnatvAt kiM teSAM namaskAramasau karoti ? iti| atrocyate -- guNAdhikA eva te, avyavacchittiguNAdhikyAta, ato na doSa iti|" oghaniyukti droNAcAryakRtazTIkA-patra 3. "iha caraNakaraNakriyAkalApatasmUlakalpaM sAmAyikAdiSaDadhyayanAtmakazrutaskandharUpamAvazyaka tAvadarthatastIrthakaraiH sUtratastu gaNadharairviracitam / asya cAtIva gambhIrArthatAM sakalasAdhu-- zrAvakavargasya nityopayogitAM ca vijJAya caturdazapUrvadhareNa zrImadbhadrabAhunaitavyAkhyAnarUpA" AbhiNibohiyanANaM" ityAdiprasiddhagranthaspA niyuktiH kRtaa|" vizeSAvazyaka maladhArihemacandrasUrikRta TIkA-patra 1.

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana 5. "sAdhUnAmanugrahAya caturdazapUrvadhareNa bhagavatA bhadrabAhusvAminA kalpasUtra vyavahArasUtraM cAkAri, ubhayorapi ca sUtrasparzikAniyuktiH / " bRhatkalpapIThikA malayagirikRta TIkA-patra 2. 6. "iha zrImadAvazyakAdisiddhAntapratibaddhaniyuktizAstrasaMsUtraNasUtradhAraH...zrIbhadrabAhusvAmI... kalpanAmadheyamadhyayanaM niyuktiyuktaM niyuuNddhvaan|" bRhatkalpapIThikA zrIkSemakIrtisUrianusandhitA TIkA-patra 1771 . ina samasta sandarbho ko dekhane se spaSTa hotA hai ki zruta-kevalI caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu prathama ko niyuktiyoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM mAnya karane vAlA prAcInatama sandarbha AryazIlAMka kA hai| AryazIlAMka kA samaya lagabhaga vikrama saMvat kI 9vIM-10vIM sadI mAnA jAtA hai| jina anya AcAryoM ne niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu prathama ko mAnA hai, unameM AryadroNa, maladhArI hemacandra, malayagiri, zAntisUri tathA kSemakIrti sUri ke nAma pramukha hai, kintu ye sabhI AcArya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI ke pazcAta hue haiN| ataH inakA kathana bahuta adhika prAmANika nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| unhoMne jo kucha bhI likhA hai, vaha mAtra anuzrutiyoM ke AdhAra para likhA hai| durbhAgya se 8-9vIM sadI ke pazcAt caturdaza pUrvadhara zruta-kevalI bhadrabAhu aura vArAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu ke kathAnaka, nAmasAmya ke kAraNa eka-dUsare meM ghula-mila gaye aura dUsare bhadrabAhu kI racanAyeM bhI prathama ke nAma car3hA dI gii| yahI kAraNa rahA ki naimittika bhadrabAhu ko bhI prAcInagotrIya bhuta-kevalI caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai aura donoM ke jIvana kI ghaTanAoM ke isa ghAla-mela se aneka anuzrutiyA~ pracalita ho gii| inhIM anuzrutiyoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa niyukti ke kartA ke spa meM caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kI anuzruti pracalita ho gyii| yadyapi muni zrI puNyavijaya jI ne bRhatkalpa-sUtra ( niyukti, laghu bhASya vRtyUpetam ) ke SaSTha vibhAga ke Amukha meM yaha likhA hai ki niyuktikAra sthavira Arya bhadrabAhu hai, isa mAnyatA ko puSTa karane vAlA eka pramANa jinabhadra gaNikSamAzramaNa ke vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ko svopajJa TIkA meM bhI milatA hai|33 yadyapi unhoMne vahA~ usa pramANa kA sandarbha sahita ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| maiM isa sandarbha ko khojane kA prayatna kara rahA hU~, kintu usake mila jAne para bhI hama kevala itanA hI kaha sakeMge ki vikrama kI lagabhaga sAtavIM zatI se niyuktikAra prAcInagotrIya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu hai, aisI anuzruti pracalita ho gayI thii| niyuktikAra prAcInagotrIya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu hai athavA naimittika ( vArAhamihira ke bhAI) bhadrabAhu hai, yaha donoM hI prazna vivAdAspada hai| jaisA ki hamane saMketa kiyA hai niyuktiyoM ko prAcInagotrIya caturdaza pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu kI mAnane kI paramparA AryazIlAMka se yA usake pUrva jinabhadramaNikSamAzramaNa se prArambha huI hai| kintu unake ina ullekhoM meM kitanI prAmANikatA hai yaha vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki niyuktiyoM meM hI aise aneka pramANa upasthita hai, jinase niyuktikAra pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu haiM, isa mAnyatA meM bAdhA utpanna hotI hai| isa sambandha meM munizrI puNyavijayajI ne atyanta parizrama dvArA ve saba sandarbha prastuta kiye hai, jo niyuktikAra pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu hai, isa pAyatA ke virodha meM jAte hai| hama unakI sthApanAoM ke hArda ko hI hindI bhASA meM spAntarita kara nimna paMktiyoM meM prastuta kara rahe hai --

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pro. sAgaramala jaina 1. Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 764 se 776 taka meM vajrasvAmI ke vidyAguru AryasiMhagiri, AryavajasvAmI, toSaliputra, AryarakSita, Arya phalgumitra, sthavira bhadragupta jaise AcAryoM kA spaSTa ullekha hai34| ye sabhI AcArya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu se paravartI hai aura topaliputra ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI kA ullekha kalpasatra sthavirAvalI meM hai| yadi niryaktiyoM caturdaza pUrvadhara AryabhadrabAhu kI kRti hotI to unameM ina nAmoM ke ullekha sambhava nahIM the| . 2. isIprakAra piNDaniyukti kI gAthA 498 meM pAdaliptAcArya 35 kA evaM gAthA 503 se 505 meM vajasvAmI ke mAmA samitasUri kA ullekha hai sAtha hI brahmadIpakazAkhA37 kA ullekha bhI hai -- ye tathya yahI siddha karate hai ki piNDaniyukti bhI caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu kI kRti nahIM hai,kyoMki pAdaliptasUri, samitasUri tathA brahmadIpakazAkhA kI utpatti ye sabhI prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu se paravartI hai| 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti kI gAthA 120 meM kAlakAcArya38 kI kathA kA saMkata hai| kAlakAcArya bhI prAcInagotrIya pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu se lagabhaga tInasau varSa pazcAt hue hai| 4. oghaniyukti kI prathama gAthA meM caturdaza pUrvadhara, daza pUrvadhara evaM ekAdaza-aMgoM ke jJAtAoM ko sAmAnya rUpa se namaskAra kiyA gayA hai39. aisA droNAcArya ne apanI TIkA meM sUcita kiyA hai|40 yadyapi muni zrI puNyavijaya jI sAmAnya kathana kI dRSTi se ise asaMbhAvita nahIM mAnate hai,kyoMki Aja bhI AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM muni namaskAramaMtra meM apane se choTe pada aura vyaktiyoM ko namaskAra karate haiN| kintu merI dRSTi meM koI bhI caturdaza pUrvadhara dasapUrvadhara ko namaskAra kare, yaha ucita nahIM lgtaa| punaH Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 769 meM dasa pUrvadhara vajasvAmI ko nAma lekara jo vaMdana kiyA gayA hai, vaha to kisI bhI sthiti meM ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| 5. punaH Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 763 se 774 meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki ziSyoM kI smaraNa zakti ke hAsa ko dekhakara Arya rakSita ne, vajasvAmI ke kAla taka jo Agama anuyogoM meM vibhAjita nahIM the, unheM anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyaa|42 yaha kathana bhI eka paravartI ghaTanA ko sUcita karatA hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM ke kartA caturdazapUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu nahIM hai, apitu AryarakSita ke pazcAt hone vAle koI bhadrabAhu hai| 6. dazavakAlikaniyukti kI gAthA 4 evaM oghaniyukti kI gAthA 2 meM caraNakaraNAnuyoga kI niyukti kahU~gA aisA ullekha hai| yaha bhI isI tathya kI puSTi karatA hai ki niyukti kI racanA anuyogoM ke vibhAjana ke bAda arthAt AryarakSita ke pazcAt huI hai| 7. Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 778-783 meM tathA uttarAdhyayana niyukti 46 kI gAthA 164 se 178 taka meM 7 nihanavoM aura AThaveM boTika mata kI utpatti kA ullekha haA hai| antima sAtavA nihanava vIranirvANa saMvat 584 meM tathA boTika mata kI utpatti vIranirvANa gAMmata 609 meM huii| ye ghaTanAeM caturdazapUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu ke lagabhaga cAra sau varSa

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarvintana pazcAt huI haiN| ataH unake dvArA racitaniyukti meM inakA ullekha honA sambhava nahIM lagatA hai| vaise merI dRSTi meM boTika mata kI utpatti kA kathana niryuktikAra kA nahIM hai -- niyukti meM sAta nighnavoM kA hI ullekha hai| nihUnavoM ke kAla evaM sthAna sambandhI gAthAe~ bhASya gAthAeM haiM-- jo bAda meM niyukti meM mila gaI haiN| kintu niryuktiyoM meM sAta nihnavoM kA ullekha honA bhI isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki niyuktiyA~ prAcInagotrIyapUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kI kRtiyA~ nahIM haiN| 8. sUtrakRtAMganiryukti kI gAthA 146 meM dravya nikSepa ke sambandha meM ekabhavika, bhadrAvRSya aura abhibhUta nAma gotra aise tIna AdezoM kA ullekha huA hai 47 ve vibhinna mAnyatAeM bhadrabAhu ke kAphI pazcAt Arya suhasti, Arya maMkSu Adi paravartI AcAryoM ke kAla meM nirmita huI hai| ataH ina mAnyatAoM ke ullekha se bhI niyuktiyoM ke karttA caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu haiM, yaha mAnane meM bAdhA AtI hai| munijI puNyavijayajI ne uttarAdhyayana ke TIkAkAra zAntyAcArya, jo niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu ko mAnate haiM, kI isa mAnyatA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki niyuktikAra trikAlajJAnI hai| ataH unake dvArA paravartI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha honA asambhava nahIM hai| 48 yahA~ muni puNyavijayajI kahate haiM ki hama zAntyAcArya kI isa bAta svIkAra kara bhI leM, to bhI niryuktiyoM meM nAmapUrvaka vajrasvAmI ko namaskAra Adi kisI bhI dRSTi se yukti saMgata nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ve likhate haiM yadi uparyukta ghaTanAe~ ghaTita hone ke pUrva hI niyuktiyoM meM ullikhita kara dI gayIM ho to bhI amuka mAnyatA amuka puruSa dvArA sthApita huI yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai punaH jina dasa Agama granthoM para niyukti likhane kA ullekha Avazyaka niryukti meM hai, usase yaha spaSTa hai ki bhadrabAhu ke samaya AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga Adi ativistRta evaM paripUrNa the| aisI sthiti meM una AgamoM para likhI gayI niryukti bhI ativizAla evaM cAroM anuyogamaya honA caahie| isake virodha meM yadi niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu the, aisI mAnyatA rakhane vAle vidvAn yaha kahate hai ki niyuktikAra to bhadrabAhu hI the aura ve niyukti bhI ativizAla thIM, kintu bAda meM sthavira AryarakSita ne apane ziSya puSyamitra kI vismRti evaM bhaviSya meM hone vAle ziSyoM kI maMda buddhi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jisa prakAra AgamoM ke anuyogoM ko pRthak kiyA, usI prakAra niyuktiyoM ko bhI vyavasthita evaM saMkSipta kiyaa| isake pratyuttara meM muni zrI puNyavijayajI kA kathana hai ki prathama to yaha ki AryarakSita dvarA anuyogoM ke pRthak karane kI bAta to kahI jAtI hai, kintu niryuktiyoM ko vyavasthita karane kA eka bhI ullekha nahIM hai| skaMdila Adi ne vibhinna vAcanAoM meM "AgamoM ko hI vyavasthita kiyA, niktiyoM ko nahIM 50 dUsare upalabdha niryuktiyA~ una aMga-AgamoM para nahIM haiM jo bhadrabAhu prathama ke yuga meM the| paramparAgata mAnyatA ke anusAra AryarakSita ke yuga meM bhI AcArAMga evaM sUtrakRtAMga utane hI vizAla the, jitane bhadrabAhu ke kAla meM the| aisI sthiti meM cAhe eka hI anuyoga kA anusaraNa karake niyuktiyA~ likhI gayI hoM, unakI viSayavastu to vizAla honI cAhie thii| jabaki jo bhI 10

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pro. sAgaramala jaina niktiyA~ upalabdha hai ve sabhI mAthurIvAcanA dvarA yA valabhI vAcanA dvArA nirdhArita pATha vAle AgamoM kA hI anusaraNa kara rahI hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki anuyogoM kA pRthakkaraNa karate samaya AryarakSita ne niyuktiyoM ko bhI punaH vyavasthita kiyA aura unameM aneka gAthAyeM prakSipta bhI kI, to prazna hotA hai ki phira unameM goSThAmAhila aura boTika mata kI utpatti sambandhI vivaraNa kaise Aye, kyoMki ina donoM kI utpatti AryarakSita ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt hI huI hai| .. yadyapi isa sandarbha meM merA munizrI se matabheda hai| mere adhyayana kI dRSTi se sapta nitUnavoM ke ullekha vAlI gAthAe~ to mUla gAthAe~ hai, kintu unameM boTika mata ke utpatti sthala rathavIrapura evaM utpattikAla vIra ni.saM. 609 kA ullekha karane vAlI gAthAyeM bAda meM prakSipta hai| ve niyukti kI gAthAe~ na hokara bhASya kI hai,kyoMki jahA~ nihanavoM evaM unake matoM kA ullekha hai vahA~ sarvatra sAta kA hI nAma AyA hai| jabaki unake utpattisthala evaM kAla ko sUcita karane vAlI ina do gAthAoM meM yaha saMkhyA ATha ho gyii| Azcarya yaha hai ki Avazyakaniyukti meM boTikoM kI utpatti kI kahIM koI carcA nahIM hai aura yadi boTikamata ke prastotA evaM unake mantavya kA ullekha bhUla Avazyakaniyukti meM nahIM hai, to phira unake utpatti-sthala evaM utpatti kAla kA ullekha niyukti meM kaise ho sakatA hai ? vastutaH bhASya kI aneka gAthAyeM niyuktiyoM meM mila gaI hai| ataH ye nagara evaM kAla sUcaka gAthAe~ bhASya kI honI caahiye| yadyapi uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke tRtIya adhyayana kI niyukti ke anta meM inhIM sapta nihanavoM kA ullekha hone ke bAda anta meM eka gAthA meM zivabhUti kA rathavIrapura nagara ke dIpaka udyAna meM AryakRSNa se vivAda hone ke ullekha hai| 2 kintu na to isameM vivAda ke svarUpa kI carcA hai aura na koI anya bAta, jabaki usake pUrva pratyeka nitUnava ke mantavya kA Avazyakaniyukti kI apekSA vistRta vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| ataH merI dRSTi meM yaha gAthA bhI prakSipta hai| yaha gAthA vaisI hI hai jaisI ki Avazyaka mUlabhASya meM pAyI jAtI hai| punaH vahA~ yaha gAthA bahuta adhika prAsaMgika bhI nahIM kahI jA sktii| mujhe spaSTa spa se lagatA hai ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM bhI nilnavoM kI carcA ke bAda yaha gAthA prakSipta kI gayI hai| yaha mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM lagatA ki caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu ke kAla ma racita niyuktiyoM ko sarvaprathama AryarakSita ke kAla meM vyavasthita kiyA gayA aura punaH unheM paravartI AcAryoM ne apane yuga kI Agamika vAcanA ke anusAra vyavasthita kiyaa| Azcarya taba aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai ki isa saba parivartana ke viruddha bhI koI svara ubharane kI kahIM koI sUcanA nahIM hai| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki AgamoM meM jaba bhI kucha parivartana karate kA prayatna kiyA gayA to usake viruddha svara ubhare hai aura unheM ullikhita bhI kiyA gyaa| uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM usake 'akAmamaraNIya nAmaka adhyayana kI niyukti meM nimna gAthA prApta hotI hai-- "savve e e dArA maraNavibhattIe vaNNiA kmso| sagalaNiuNe payatye jiNa ghaudasa pudi bhaaraaNti"|| 232 / /

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana [jJAtavya hai ki munipuNyavijaya jI ne ise gAthA 233 likhA hai| kintu niyuktisaMgraha meM isa gAthA kA krama 232 hI hai|| isa gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki "maraNavibhakti meM ina sabhI daroM kA anukrama se varNana kiyA gayA hai, padArthoM ko sampUrNa rUpa se to jina athavA caturdazapUrvadhara hI jAna sakate haiN|" yadi niyuktikAra caturdazapUrvadhara hote to ve isa prakAra nahIM likhte| zAntyAcArya ne svayaM ise do jAdhAroM para vyAkhyAyita kiyaa| prathama cartudaza pUrvadharoM meM Apasa meM arthajJAna kI apekSA se kamI-adhikatA hotI hai, isI dRSTi se yaha kahA gayA ho ki padArthoM kA sampUrNa svaspa to cartadaza pUrvI hI batA sakate hai athavA vara gAthA se lekara Age kI ye sabhI gAthAe~ bhASya gAthAe~ ho| yadyapi mani puNyavijaya jI inheM bhASya gAthAe~ svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| cAhe ye gAthAe~ bhASya- gAthA hoM yA na ho kintu merI dRSTi meM zAntyAcArya ne niyuktiyoM meM bhASya gAthA milI hone kI jo kalpanA kI hai, vaha pUrNatayA asaMgata nahIM hai| punaH jaisA pUrva meM sUcita kiyA jA cukA hai, sUtrakRtAMga ke puNDarIka adhyayana kI niyukti meM puNDarIka zabda kI niyukti karate samaya usake dravya nikSepa se ekabhavika, badAyuSya aura abhimukhita nAma-gotra aise tIna AdezoM kA niyuktikAra ne svayaM hI saMgraha kiyA hai| bRhatkalpasUtrabhASya (prathamavibhAga, pR. 44-45) meM ye tInoM Adeza Aryasuhasti, Arya maMgU evaM Aryasamudra kI mAnyatAoM ke rUpa meM ullikhita hai| itanA to nizcita hai ki ye tInoM AcArya pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu (prathama) se paravartI hai aura unake matoM kA saMgraha pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu dvArA sambhava nahIM hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha kI niyukti ke prArambha meM nimna gAthA dI gayI hai -- ___ "vaMdAmibhaddabAhuM pAINaM ghrimsylsuynaanniN| suttassa kAraNamisiM dasAsu kappe ya vvhaare||" isameM sakalazrutajJAnI prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu kA na kevala vaMdana kiyA gayA hai, apitu unheM dazAbhutaskaMdha, kalpa evaM vyavahAra kA racayitA bhI kahA hai, yadi niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka pUrvadhara bhutakevalI bhadrabAhu hote to, ve svayaM hI apane ko kaise namaskAra karate ? isa gAthA ko hama prakSipta yA bhASya gAthA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki prathama to yaha grantha kI prArambhika maMgala gAthA hai, dUsare cUrNikAra ne svayaM isako niyuktigAthA ke spa meM mAnya kiyA hai| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki niyuktikAra cartudaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu nahIM ho skte| isa samasta carcA ke anta meM muni jI isa niSkarSa para pahucate hai ki paramparAgata dRSTi se dazAbhUtaskaMdha, kalpasUtra vyavahArasatra evaM nizItha ye cAra chedasatra Avazyaka Adi dasa niyuktiyA~, uvasaggahara evaM bhadrabAhu saMhitA ye sabhI cartudaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu svAmI kI kRti mAne jAte hai, kintu inameM se 4 cheda sUtroM ke racayitA to cartudaza pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu hI hai| zeSa dasa niyuktiyoM, uvasaggahara evaM bhadrabAhu saMhitA ke racayitA anya koI bhadrabAhu hone cAhie aura sambhavataH ye anya koI nahIM, apitu vArAhasaMhitA ke racayitA vArAhamihira ke 12

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pro. sAgaramala jaina bhAI, maMtravidyA ke pAragAmI naimittika bhadrabAhu hI honA caahie|55 ___munizrI puNyavijayajI ne niyuktiyoM ke kartA naimittika bhadrabAhu hI the, yaha kalpanA nimna takoM ke AdhAra para kI hai56 -- 1. Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 1252 se 1270 taka meM gaMdharva nAgadatta kA kathAnaka AyA hai| isameM nAgadatta ke dvarA sarpa ke viSa utArane kI kriyA kA varNana hai|57 uvasamgahara (upasargahara) meM bhI sarpa ke viSa utArane kI carcA hai| ataH donoM ke kartA eka hI hai aura ve mantra-tantra meM AsthA rakhate the| 2. punaH naimittika bhadrabAhu hI niyuktiyoM ke kartA hone cAhie, isakA eka AdhAra yaha bhI hai ki unhoMne apanI pratijJAgAthA meM sUryaprajJapti para niyukti likhane kI pratijJA kI thii| aisA sAhasa koI jyotiSa kA vivana hI kara sakatA thaa| isake atirikta AcArAMganiyukti meM to spaSTa rUpa se nimitta vidyA kA nirdeza bhI huA hai| ataH munizrI puNyavijayajI niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko svIkAra karate hai| yadi hama niyuktikAra ke spa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko svIkAra karate hai to hameM yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyA~ vikrama kI chaThI sadI kI racanAe~ hai, kyoMki vArAhamihira ne apane grantha ke anta meM zaka saMvata 427 arthAta vikrama saMvata 566 kA ullekha kiyA hai|60 naimittika bhadrabAhu bArAhamihira ke bhAI the, ataH ve unake samakAlIna haiN| esI sthiti meM yahI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyoM kA racanAkAla bhI vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI kA uttarArddha hai| yadi hama uparyukta AdhAroM para niyuktiyoM ko vikrama kI chaThIM sadI meM hue naimittika bhadrabAhu kI kRti mAnate hai, to bhI hamAre sAmane kucha prazna upasthita hote haiM -- 1. sarvaprathama to yaha ki pAkSika sUtra evaM nandIsUtra meM niyuktiyoM ke astitva kA spaSTa ullekha hai -- "sa sutte saatthe sagaMve sanijjutie sasaMgahaNie" -(pAkSikasUtra, pR.800 "saMkhejjAo nijjuttIo saMkhejjA saMgahaNIo" - (nandIsUtra, sUtra saM.46) itanA nizcita hai ki ye donoM grantha vikrama kI chaThavIM sadI ke pUrva nirmita ho cuke the| yadi niyuktiyA~ chaThIM sadI uttarArddha kI racanA hai to phira vikrama kI pAMcavI zatI ke uttarArddha yA chaThI zatI ke pUrvArddha ke granthoM meM chaThI sadI ke uttarArddha meM racita niyuktiyoM kA ullekha kaise saMbhava hai ? isa sambandha meM munizrI puNyavijaya jI ne tarka diyA hai ki nandIsUtra meM jo niyuktiyoM kA ullekha hai. vaha govinda-niyaMkti Adi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hogaa| yaha satya hai ki govindaniyukti eka prAcIna racanA hai kyoMki nizIthacUrNi meM govinda niyukti ke ullekha ke sAtha-sAtha govindaniyukti kI utpatti kI kathA bhI dI gaI hai| 2 govindaniyukti ke

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punardhintana racayitA vahI Aryagovinda hone cAhie, jinakA ullekha nandIsUtra meM anuyogadvAra ke jJAtA ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| sthavirAvalI ke anusAra ye Arya skaMdila kI cauthI pIr3hI meM hai| ataH inakA kAla vikrama kI pAMcavIM sadI nizcita hotA hai| ataH muni zrIpuNyavijaya jI isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate hai ki pAkSikasUtra evaM nandIsUtra meM niyukti kA jo ullekha hai vaha Arya govinda kI niyukti ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra muni jI dasoM niyuktiyoM ke racayitA ke rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko hI svIkAra karate hai aura nandIsUtra athavA pAkSikasUtra meM jo niyukti kA ullekha hai use ve govindaniyukti kA mAnate haiN| .. ... ........ ... ........... hama muni zrIpuNyavijayajI kI isa bAta se pUrNataH sahamata nahIM ho sakate hai, kyoMki uparokta dasa niyuktiyoM kI racanA se pUrva cAhe Aryagovinda kI niyukti astitva meM ho, kintu nandIsUtra evaM pAkSika sUtra meM niyukti sambandhI ullekha hai, ve AcArAMga Adi Agama granthoM kI niyukti ke sambandha meM hai, jabaki govindaniyukti kisI Agama grantha para niyukti nahIM hai| usake sabandha meM nizIthacUrNi Adi meM jo ullekha hai ve sabhI use darzanaprabhAvaka grantha aura ekendriya meM jIva kI siddhi karane vAlA grantha batalAte haiN| ataH unakI yaha mAnyatA ki nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM niyukti ke jo ullekha hai, ve govindaniyukti ke sandarbha meM hai,samucita nahIM hai| vastutaH nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra meM jo niyuktiyoM ke ullekha hai ve Agama granthoM kI niyuktiyoM ke hai| ataH yaha mAnanA hogA ki nandI evaM pAkSikasUtra kI racanA ke pUrva arthAt pA~cavI zatI ke pUrva AgamoM para niyukti likhI jA cukI thii| 2. dUsare ina dasa niyuktiyoM meM aura bhI aise tathya hai jinase inheM vArAhamihira ke bhAI evaM naimittika bhadrabAhu (vikrama saMvat 566) kI racanA mAnane meM zaMkA hotI hai| Avazyakaniyukti kI sAmAyikaniyukti meM jo ninavoM ke utpatti sthala evaM utpattikAla sambandhI gAthAye hai evaM uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM uttarAdhyayana ke tIsare adhyayana kI niyukti meM jo zivabhUti kA ullekha hai, ve prakSipta hai| isakA pramANa yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayanacUrNi,jo ki isa niyukti para eka prAmANika racanA hai, meM 167 gAthA taka kI hI cUrNi dI gayI hai| nitanavoM ke sandarbha meM antima cUrNi 'jeThA sudaMsaNa nAmaka 167vIM gAthA kI hai| usake Age nilnavoM ke vaktavya ko sAmayikaniyukti (Avazyakaniyukti) ke AdhAra para jAna lenA cAhie aisA nirdeza hai| jJAtavya hai ki sAmAyika niyukti meM boTikoM kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| hama yaha bhI batA cuke hai ki usa niyukti meM jo boTika mata ke utpattikAla evaM sthala kA ullekha hai, vaha prakSipta hai evaM ve bhASya gAthAe~ hai| uttarAdhyayanacUrNi meM eka saMketa yaha bhI milatA hai ki usameM niDnavoM kI kAlasUcaka gAthAoM ko niyuktigAthAe~ na kahakara AkhyAnaka saMgrahaNI kI gAthA kahA gayA hai| isase mere usa kathana kI puSTi hotI hai ki Avazyakaniyukti meM jo niDnavoM ke utpattinagara evaM utpattikAla sUcaka gAthAe~ hai ve mUla meM niyukti kI gAthAe~ nahIM hai, apitu saMgrahaNI athavA bhASya se usameM prakSipta kI gayI hai| kyoMki ina gAthAoM meM unake utpatti nagaroM evaM utpatti-samaya donoM kI saMkhyA ATha-ATha hai| isa prakAra inameM boTikoM ke utpattinagara aura samaya kA bhI ullekha hai -- Azcarya yaha hai ki ye gAthAe~ sapta nihanavA kI carcA ke bAda

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pro. sAgaramala jaina dI gaI -- jabaki boTikoM kI utpatti kA ullekha to isake bhI bAda meM hai aura mAtrA eka gAthA meM hai| ataH ye gAthAe~ kisI bhI sthiti meM niyukti kI gAthAye nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| punaH yadi hama boTika nityava sambandhI gAthAoM ko bhI niyukti gAthAe~ mAna bhI le to bhI niyukti ke racanAkAla kI apara sImA ko vIranirvANa saMvat 610 arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI ke pUrvArdha se Age nahIM le jAyA jA sakatA hai kyoMki isake bAda ke koI ullekha hameM niyuktiyoM meM nahIM mile| yadi niyukti naimittika bhadrabAhu (vikrama kI vaThI sadI uttarArddha) kI racanAe~ hotI to unameM vikrama kI tIsarI sadI se lekara chaThI sadI ke bIca ke kisI na kisI AcArya evaM ghaTanA kA ullekha bhI, cAhe saMketa rUpa meM hI kyoM na ho, avazya hotaa| anya kucha nahIM to mAthurI evaM valabhI vAcanA ke ullekha to avazya hI hote, kyoMki naimittika bhadrabAhu to unake bAda hI hue haiN| valabhI vAcanA ke Ayojaka devarddhigaNi ke to ve kaniSTha samakAlika haiM, ataH yadi ve niyukti ke kartA hote to valabhI vAcanA kA ullekha niyuktiyoM meM avazya krte| 3. yadi niyuktiyA~ naimittika bhadrabAhu (6ThavIM sadI- uttarArddha) kI kRti hotI to usameM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA avazya hI pAI jaatii| chaThIM sadI ke uttarArddha meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA vikasita ho gaI thI aura usa kAla meM likhI gaI kRtiyoM meM prAyaH guNasthAna kA ullekha milatA hai kintu jahA~ taka mujhe jJAta hai, niyuktiyoM meM guNasthAna sambandhI avadhAraNA kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai| Avazyakaniyukti kI jina do gAthAoM meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai, ve mUlataH niyukti gAthAe~ nahIM hai| Avazyaka mUla pATha meM caudaha bhUtagrAmoM (jIva-jAtiyoM) kA hI ullekha hai, guNa sthAnoM kA nhiiN| ataH niyukti to bhUtagrAmoM kI hI likhI gyii| bhUtagrAmoM ke vivaraNa ke bAda do gAthAoM meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAma diye gaye haiN| yadyapi yahA~ guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga nahIM hai| ye donoM gAthAe~ prakSipta hai, kyoMki haribhadra (AThavIM sadI) ne Avazyakaniyukti kI TIkA meM "adhunAmumaiva guNasthAnadvAreNa darzayannAha saMgrahaNikAra" kahakara ina donoM gAyoM ko saMgrahaNI gAthA ke spa meM uddhata kiyA hai| ataH guNasthAna siddhAnta ke sthira hone ke pazcAt saMgrahaNI kI ye gAthAe~ niyukti meM DAla dI gaI hai| niyuktiyoM meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kI anupasthiti isa tathya kA pramANa hai ki unakI racanA tIsarI-cauthI zatI ke pUrva huI thii| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki niyuktiyAM naimittika bhadrabAhu kI racanA nahI hai| 4. sAtha hI hama dekhate haiM ki AcArAMganiyukti meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI unhIM dasa avasthAoM kA vivecana hai jo hameM tattvArthasUtra meM bhI milatI hai| aura jinase Age calakara guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA vikasita huI hai| tattvArthasUtra tathA AcArAMganiyukti donoM hI vikasita guNasthAna siddhAnta ke sambandha meM sarvathA mauna hai, jisase yaha phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM kA racanAkAla tattvArthasUtra ke sama-sAmayika (arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI sadI) hai| ataH ve chaThI zatI ke uttarArdha meM hone vAle naimittika bhadrabAhu kI racanA to kisI sthiti meM nahIM ho sktiiN| yadi ve unakI kRtiyAM hotI to unameM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ina dasa avasthAoM ke citraNa ke sthAna para caudaha guNasthAnoM kA bhI citraNa hotA hai|

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana 5. niyukti gAthAoM kA niyukti gAthA ke rUpa meM mUlAcAra meM ullekha tathA asvAdhyAya kAla meM bhI unake adhyayana kA nirdeza yahI siddha karatA hai ki niyuktiyoM kA astitva mUlAcAra kI racanA aura yApanIya sampradAya ke astitva meM Ane ke pUrva kA thaa| yaha sunizcita hai ki yApanIya sampradAya 5vIM sadI ke anta taka astitva meM A gayA thaa| ataH niyuktiyA~ 5vIM sadI se pUrva kI racanA honI cAhie -- aisI sthiti meM bhI ve naimittika bhadrabAhu ( vi. 6vIM sadI uttarArddha) kI kRti nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| punaH niyukti kA ullekha AcArya kundakunda ne bhI Avazyaka zabda kI niyukti karate hue niyamasAra gAthA 142 meM kiyA hai| Azcarya yaha hai ki yaha gAthA mUlAcAra ke SaDAvazyaka nAmaka adhikAra meM bhI yathAvat milatI hai| isameM Avazyaka zabda kI niyukti kI gaI hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM kama se kama mUlAcAra aura niyamasAra kI racanA ke pUrva arthAt chaThI zatI ke pUrva astitva meM A gaI thii| 6. niyuktiyoM ke kartA naimittika bhadrabAhu nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki AcArya mallavAdI (lagabhaga cauthI pA~cavIM zatI) ne apane grantha nayacakra meM niyuktigAthA kA uddharaNa diyA hai -- niyukti lakSaNAmAha -- "vatthUNaM saMkamaNaM hoti avatthU Naye smbhistte"| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva niyuktiyoM kI racanA ho cukI thii| ataH unake racayitA naimittika bhadrabAhu . na hokara yA to kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta hai yA phira gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra hai| 7. punaH valabhI vAcanA ke AgamoM ke gadyabhAga meM niyuktiyoM aura saMgrahaNI kI aneka gAthAe~ milatI hai, jaise jJAtAdharma kathA meM mallI adhyayana meM jo tIrthakara nAma-karma-bandha sambandhI 20 boloM kI gAthA hai, vaha mUlataH Avazyakaniyukti (179-181) kI gAthA hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki valabhI vAcanA ke samaya niyuktiyoM aura saMgrahaNI sUtroM se aneka gAthAyeM AgamoM meM halI gaI hai| ataH niyuktiyA~ aura saMgrahaNiyA~ valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva hai ataH ve naimittika bhadrabAhu ke sthAna para lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatI ke kisI anya bhadra nAmaka AcArya kI kRtiyA~ hai| 8 niyuktiyoM kI sattA valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva thI, tabhI to nandIsUtra meM AgamoM kI niyuktiyoM kA ullekha hai| punaH agastyasiMha kI dazavakAlikarNi ke upalabdha evaM prakAzita ho jAne para yaha puSTa ho jAtI hai ki Agamika vyAkhyA ke spa meM niyuktiyA~ valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva likhI jAne lagI thii| isa cUrNi meM prathama adhyayana kI dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI 54 gAthAoM kI bhI cUrNi kI gaI hai| yaha cUrNi vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI zatI meM racI gaI thii| isase yaha tathya siddha ho jAtA hai ki niyuktiyA~ bhI lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatI kI racanA haiN| jJAtavya hai ki niyuktiyoM meM bhI paravartI kAla meM paryApta rapa se prakSepa huA hai, kyoMki agastyasiMhacUrNi meM dazavaikAlika ke prathama adhyayana kI cUrNi meM mAtra 54 niyukti gAthoM kI cUrNi huI hai,jabaki vartamAna meM dazavakAlikaniyukti meM prathama adhyayana kI niyukti meM 151 gAthAe~ hai| ataH niyuktiyA~ Aryabhadragupta yA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra kI racanAye hai|

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarvintana isa sambandha meM eka Apatti yaha uThAI jA sakatI hai ki niyuktiyA~ valabhI. vAcanA ke AgamapAThoM ke anurUpa kyoM hai ? isakA prathama uttara to yaha hai ki niyuktiyoM kA Agama pAThoM se utanA sambandha nahIM hai, jitanA unakI viSayavastu se hai aura yaha satya hai ki vibhinna vAcanAoM meM cAhe kucha pATha-bheda rahe hoM kintu viSayavastu to vahI rahI hai aura niyuktiyA~ mAtra viSayavastu kA vivaraNa detI hai| punaH niyuktiyA~ mAtra prAcIna stara ke aura bahuta kucha aparivartita rahe AgamoM para hai, sabhI Agama granthoM para nahIM hai aura ina prAcIna stara ke AgamoM kA svarUpa nirdhAraNa to pahale hI ho cukA thaa| mAthurIvAcanA yA valabhI vAcanA meM unameM bahuta / adhika parivartana nahIM huA hai| Aja jo niyuktiyA~ hai ve mAtra AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, Avazyaka, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, dazAzrutaskandha vyavahAra, bRhatkalpa para hai ye sabhI grantha vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM prAcIna stara ke haiM aura inake svarUpa meM bahuta adhika parivartana nahIM huA hai| ataH valabhIvAcanA se samarUpatA ke AdhAra para niyuktiyoM ko usase paravartI mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| uparyukta samagra carcA se yaha phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM ke kartA na to cartudaza pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu hai aura na vArAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu / yaha bhI sunizcita hai ki niyuktiyoM kI racanA chedasUtroM kI racanA ke pazcAt huI hai| kintu yaha bhI satya hai ki niyuktiyoM kA astitva AgamoM kI devarddhi ke samaya huI vAcanA ke pUrva thaa| ataH yaha avadhAraNA bhI bhrAnta hai ki niyuktiyA~ vikrama kI chaThavIM sadI ke uttarArddha meM nirmita huI hai| nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra kI racanA ke pUrva Agamika niyuktiyA~ avazya thiiN| aba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki yadi niyuktiyoM ke kartA zruta-kevalI pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu tathA vArAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu donoM hI nahIM the, to phira ve kauna se 'bhadrabAhU hai jinakA nAma niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai| niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu kI anubhuti jur3I hone se itanA to nizcita hai ki niyuktiyoM kA sambandha kisI "bhadra" nAmaka vyakti se honA cAhie aura unakA astitva lagabhaga vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI sadI ke Asa-pAsa honA caahie| kyoMki niyamasAra meM Avazyaka kI niyukti, mulAcAra meM niyuktiyoM ke asvAdhyAya kAla meM bhI par3hane kA nirdeza tathA usameM aura bhagavatIArAdhanA meM niyuktiyoM kI anekoM gAthAoM kI niyukti-gAthA ke ullekha pUrvaka upasthiti yahI siddha karatI hai ki niyukti ke kartA usa avibhakta paramparA ke hone cAhie, jisase zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya sampradAyoM kA vikAsa huA hai| kalpasUtra sthivirAvalI meM jo AcArya paramparA prApta hotI hai, usameM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA meM prAcInagotrIya bhUta-kevalI bhadrabAhu ke atirikta do anya 'bhadra nAmaka AcAryoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai --1. Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadra aura 2. Arya kAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya aarybhdr| saMkSepa meM kalpasUtra kI yaha AcArya paramparA isa prakAra hai -- mahAvIra, gautama, sudharmA, jambU, prabhava, zayyambhava, yazobhadra, saMbhUti vijaya, bhadrabAhu

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nighukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana (cartudazapUrvadhara),sthUlibhadra (jJAtavya hai ki bhadrabAhu evaM sthUlibhadra donoM hI saMbhUti vijaya ke gi the|),aary suhasti, susthita, indradinna, Aryadinna, AryasiMhagiri, Aryavaja, Arya vajrasena, Aryaratha, Arya puSyagiri, Arya phalgumitra, Arya dhanagiri, AryazivabhUti, Aryabhadra (kAzyapagotrIya), AryakRSNa, AryanakSatra, AryarakSita, AryanAga, Arya jyeSThila, AryaviSNu, AryakAlaka, AryasaMpAlita, Aryabhadra (gautamagotrIya) AryavRddha, Arya saMghapAlita, AryahastI, Aryadharma, AryasiMha, Aryadharma, SAMDilya (sambhavataH skaMdila, jo mAthurI vAcanA ke vAcanA pramukha the).aadi| gAthAbaddha jo sthavirAvalI hai usameM isake bAda jambU, nandila, duSyagaNi, sthiragupta, kumAradharma evaM devarTikSapakazramaNa ke pA~ca nAma aura Ate haiN| jJAtavya hai ki naimittika bhadrabAhu kA nAma jo vikrama kI chaThI zatI ke uttarArdha meM hue hai, isa sUcI meM sammilita nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki yaha sUcI vIra nirvANa saM. 980 arthAt vikrama saM. 510 meM apanA antima rUpa le cukI thii| isa sthavirAvalI ke AdhAra para hameM jaina paramparA meM vikrama kI chaThI zatI ke pUrvArdha taka hone vAle bhadra nAmaka tIna AcArya ke nAma milate haiM--prathama prAcInagotrIya Arya bhadrabAhu, dUsare Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Arya bhadragupta, tIsare Arya viSNu ke praziSya aura AryakAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya aarybhdr| inameM varAhamihara ke bhrAtA naimittika bhadrabAha ko jor3ane para yaha saMkhyA cAra ho jAtI hai| inameM se prathama evaM antima ko to niyuktikartA ke spa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai. isa niSkarSa para hama pahu~ca cuke hai| aba zeSa do rahate hai--1. zivabhUti ke ziSya Aryabhadragupta aura dUsare AryakAlaka ke ziSya aarybhdr| inameM pahale hama Arya dhanagiri ke praziSya evaM Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya Aryabhadragupta ke sambandha meM vicAra karegeM ki kyA ve niyuktiyoM ke kartA ho sakate hai ? kyA Aryabhadragupta niyuktiyoM ke kartA hai? niyuktiyoM ko zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta kI racanA mAnane ke pakSa meM hama nimna varka de sakate hai -- 1. niyuktiyA uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha se vikasita zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya donoM sampradAyoM meM mAnya rahI hai, kyoMki yApanIya grantha mUlAcAra meM na kevala zatAdhika niyukti gAthAe~ uddhRta hai, apitu usameM asvAdhyAya kAla meM niyuktiyoM ke adhyayana karane kA nirdeza bhI hai| isase phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM kI racanA mUlAcAra se pUrva ho cukI thii| yadi mUlAcAra ko chaThI sadI kI racanA bhI mAne to usake pUrva niyuktiyoM kA astitva to mAnanA hI hogA, sAtha hI yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyA~ mUlaspa meM avibhakta dhArA meM nirmita huI thiiN| cUMki paramparA bheda to zivabhUti ke pazcAt unake ziSyoM kauDinya aura koTTavIra se huA hai| ataH niyuktiyA~ zivabhUti ke ziSya bhadragupta kI racanA mAnI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki ve na kevala avibhakta dhArA meM hue, apitu lagabhaga usIkAla meM arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI meM hue hai, jo ki niyukti kA racanA kAla hai|

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pro. sAgaramala jaina 2. punaH AcArya bhadragupta ko uttara-bhArata kI acela paramparA kA pUrvapuruSa do-tIna AdhAroM para mAnA jA sakatA hai| prathama to kalpasUtra kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra Aryabhadragupta AryazivabhUti ke ziSya hai aura ye zivabhUti vahI hai jinakA AryakRSNa se muni kI upadhi (vastra-pAtra) ke prazna para vivAda huA thA aura jinhoMne acelatA kA pakSa liyA thaa| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM Arya kRSNa aura Aryabhadra donoM ko Arya zivabhUti kA ziSya kahA hai| cUMki bhadra hI aise vyakti haiM--jinheM Aryavaja evaM AryarakSita ke zikSaka ke rUpa meM zvetAmbaroM meM aura zivabhUti ke ziSya ke rUpa meM yApanIya paramparA meM mAnyatA milI hai| punaH AryazivabhUti ke ziSya hone ke kAraNa Aryabhadra bhI acelatA ke pakSadhara hogeM aura isalie unakI kRtiyA~ yApanIya paramparA meM mAnya rahI hoNgii| 3. vidizA se jo eka abhilekha prApta huA hai usameM bhadrAnvaya evaM Aryakula kA ullekha hai-- zamadamavAna cIkarat / / AcArya - bhadrAnvayabhUSaNasya ziSyo yasAvAryakulodagatasya / / AcArya - goza (jai.zi.saM.3 pR. 57) sambhAvanA yahI hai ki bhadrAnvaya evaM Aryakula kA vikAsa inhIM Arya bhadra se huA ho| yahA~ ke anya abhilekhoM meM muni kA 'pANitalabhojI aisA vizeSaNa hone se yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai yaha kendra acela dhArA kA thaa| apane pUrvaja AcArya bhadra kI kRtiyA~ hone ke kAraNa niyuktiyA~ yApanIyoM meM bhI mAnya rahI hogii| oghaniyukti yA piNDaniyukti meM bhI jo ki paravartI evaM vikasita hai, do cAra prasaMgoM ke atirikta kahIM bhI vastra-pAtra kA vizeSa ullekha nahIM milatA hai| yaha isa tathya kA bhI sUcaka hai ki niyuktiyoM ke kAla taka vastra-pAtra Adi kA samarthana usa rUpa meM nahIM kiyA jAtA thA, jisa rUpa meM paravartI zvetAmbara sampradAya meM huaa| vastra-pAtra ke sambandha meM niyukti kI mAnyatA bhagavatIArAdhanA evaM mUlAcAra se adhika dUra nahIM hai| AcArAMganiyukti meM AcArAMga ke vastraiSaNA adhyayana kI niyukti kevala eka gAthA meM samApta ho gayI hai aura pAtraiSaNA para koI niyukti gAthA hI nahIM hai| ataH vastra-pAtra ke sambandha meM niyuktiyoM ke kartA Arya bhadra kI sthiti bhI mathurA ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke aMkana se adhika bhinna nahIM hai| ataH niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM Arya bhadragupta ko svIkAra karane meM niyuktiyoM meM vastra-pAtra ke ullekha adhika bAdhaka nahIM hai| 4. cU~ki Aryabhadra ke niryApaka AryarakSita mAne jAte hai| niyukti aura cUrNi donoM se hI yaha siddha hai AryarakSita bhI acelatA ke hI pakSadhara the aura unhoMne apane pitA ko, jo prArambha meM avela dIkSA grahaNa karanA nahIM cAhate the, yojanApUrvaka acela banA hI diyA thaa| carNi meM jo kaTIpaTTaka kI bAta hai,vaha to zvetAmbara pakSa kI puSTi hetu hAlI gayI pratIta hotI hai| bhadragupta ko niyukti kA kartA mAnane ke sambandha meM nimna kaThinAiyA~ hai :

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punacintana 1. Avazyakaniyukti evaM AvazyakacUrNi ke ullekhoM ke anusAra AryarakSita bhadragupta ke niryApaka (samAdhimaraNa karAne vAle) mAne gye| Avazyakaniyukti na kevala AryarakSita kI vistAra se carcA karatI hai, apitu unakA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa bhI karatI hai| bhadragupta AryarakSita se dIkSA meM jyeSTha hai,aisI sthiti meM unake dvarA racita niyuktiyoM meM AryarakSita kA ullekha itane vistAra se evaM itane AdarapUrvaka nahIM AnA caahie| yadyapi paravartI ullekha ekamata se yaha mAnate hai ki Aryabhadragupta kI niryApanA AryarakSita ne karavAyI, kintu mUla gAthA ko dekhane para isa mAnyatA ke bAre meM kisI ko sandeha bhI ho sakatA hai, mUla gAthA nimnAnusAra hai -- "nijjavaNa bhadagutte vIsuM padaNaM ca tassa pubbgyN| pavvAvioya bhAyA rakkhiakhamaNehiM jaNao a"|| - Avazyakaniyukti 776 yahA~ "nijjavaNa bhaddagutte" meM yadi "bhadagutte" ko ArSa prayoga mAnakara koI prathamAvibhakti meM samajhe to isa gAthA ke prathama do caraNoM kA artha isa prakAra bhI ho sakatA hai-- bhadragupta ne AryarakSita kI niryApanA kI aura unase samasta pUrvagata sAhitya kA adhyayana kiyaa| gAthA ke uparokta artha ko svIkAra karane para to yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki niyuktiyoM meM AryarakSita kA jo bahumAna pUrvaka ullekha hai, vaha aprAsaMgika nahIM hai| kyoMki jisa vyakti ne AryarakSita kI niryApanA karavAyI ho aura jinase pUrvo kA adhyayana kiyA vaha unakA apanI kRti meM sammAnapUrvaka ullekha karegA hii| kintu gAthA kA isa dRSTi se kiyA gayA artha cUrNi meM prastuta kathAnakoM ke sAtha evaM niyukti gAthAoM ke pUrvApara prasaMga ko dekhate hue kisI bhI prakAra saMgata nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| cUrNi meM to yahI kahA gayA hai ki AryarakSita ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA karavAyI aura Aryavaja se pUrvasAhitya kA adhyayana kiyaa| yahA~ dUsare caraNa meM prayukta "tassa" zabda kA sambandha Arya vaja se hai,jinakA ullekha pUrva gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI yahA~ bhaddagutte meM saptamI kA prayoga hai,jo eka kArya ko samApta kara dUsarA kArya prArambha karane kI sthiti meM kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ sampUrNa gAthA kA artha isa prakAra hogA--AryarakSita ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA (samAdhimaraNa) karavAne ke pazcAt (Aryavaja se) pUrvo kA samasta adhyayana kiyA hai aura apane bhAI aura pitA ko dIkSita kiyaa| yadi AryarakSita bhadragupta ke niryApaka hai aura ve hI niyuktiyoM ke kartA bhI hai, to phira niyuktiyoM meM AryarakSita dvArA unakA niryApana (samAdhimaraNa) karavAne ke bAda kiye gaye kAryoM kA ullekha nahIM honA thaa| kintu aisA ullekha hai, ataH niyuktiyA~ kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta kI kRti nahIM ho sakatI hai| 2. dUsarI eka kaThinAI yaha bhI hai ki kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI ke anusAra AryarakSita Aryavaja se 8vIM pIr3hI meM Ate haiN| ataH yaha kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai ki 8vIM pIr3hI meM hone vAlA vyakti apane se ATha pIr3hI pUrva ke Aryavaja se pUrvo kA adhyayana kre| isase kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM diye gaye krama meM saMdeha hotA hai, hAlAMki kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI evaM anya srotoM se itanA to nizcita hotA hai ki Aryabhadra AryarakSita se pUrva meM hue hai| usake anusAra

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pro. sAgaramala jaina AyarakSita Aryabhadra gupta ke praziSya siddha hote haiN| yadyapi kathAnakoM meM AryarakSita ko toSaliputra kA ziSya kahA gayA hai| ho sakatA hai ki toSaliputra Aryabhadra gupta ke ziSya rahe ho| sthavirAvalI ke anusAra Aryabhadra ke ziSya AryanakSatra aura unake ziSya AryarakSita the| cAhe kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM kucha aspaSTatAe~ hoM aura do AcAryoM kI paramparA ko kahIM eka sAtha milA diyA gayA ho, phira bhI itanA to nizcita hai ki Arya bhadra AryarakSita se pUrvavartI yA jyeSTha samakAlika hai| aisI sthiti meM yadi niyuktiyA~ Aryabhadragupta ke samAdhimaraNa ke pazcAt kI AryarakSita ke jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA vivaraNa detI hai,to unheM zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta kI kRti nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yadi hama Aryabhadra ko hI niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA cAhate hai to isake atirikta koI vikalpa nahIM hai ki hama AryarakSita, antima ninava evaM boTikoM kA ullekha karane vAlI niyukti gAthAoM ko prakSipta maaneN| yadi AryarakSita Aryabhadragupta ke niryApaka haiM to aisI sthiti meM Aryabhadra kA svargavAsa vIra nirvANa saM. 560 ke Asa-pAsa mAnanA hogA kyoMki prathama to AryarakSita ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA apane yuvAvasthA meM hI karavAyI thI aura dUsare taba vIra nirvANa saM. 584 (vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdi) meM svargavAsI hone vAle Aryavaja jIvita the| ataH niyuktiyoM meM antima nihanava kA kathana bhI sambhava nahIM lagatA, kyoMki abaddhika nAmaka sAtavA nihanava vIranirvANa ke 584 varSa pazcAta haA hai| ataH hameM na kevala AryarakSita sambandhI apitu antima nihanava evaM boTiko sambandhI vivaraNa bhI niyuktiyoM meM prakSipta mAnanA hogaa| yadi hama yaha svIkAra karane ko sahamata nahIM hai,to hama yaha svIkAra karanA hogA ki kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta bhI niyuktiyoM ke kartA nahIM ho sakate hai| ataH hameM anya kisI bhadra nAmaka AcArya kI khoja karanA hogaa| kyA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra niyuktiyoM ke kartA hai ? kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta ke pazcAt kalpasUtra paTTAvalI meM hameM gautamagotrIya AryakAlaka ke ziSya aura Arya saMpalita ke guru bhAI Arya bhadra kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| ye Aryabhadra Arya viSNu ke praziSya evaM AryakAlaka ke ziSya hai tathA inake ziSya ke rUpa meM Arya vRddha kA ullekha hai| yadi hama Arya vRddha ko vRddhavAdI mAnate haiM, to aisI sthiti meM ye Aryabhadra siddhasena ke dAdA guru siddha hote haiN| yahA~ hameM yaha dekhanA hogA ki kyA ye Aryabhadra bhI spaSTa saMghabheda arthAta zvetAmbara, yApanIya aura digambara sampradAyoM ke nAmakaraNa ke parva hae hai| yaha sanizcita hai ki sampradAya bheda ke pazcAt kA koI bhI AcArya niyukti kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoki niyuktiyA~ yApanIya aura zvetAmbara donoM meM mAnya hai| yadi ve eka sampradAya kI kRti hotI to dUsarA sampradAya use mAnya nahIM krtaa| yadi hama Arya viSNu ko digambara paTTAvalI meM ullikhita Arya viSNu samajhe to inakI nikaTatA acela paramparA se dekhI jA sakatI hai| dUsare vidizA ke abhilekha meM jisa bhadrAnvaya evaM Arya kula kA ullekha hai usakA sambandha ina gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra se bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai kyoMki inakA kAla bhI spaSTa sampradAya bheda evaM usa abhilekha ke pUrva hai| durbhAgya se inake sandarbha meM Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya meM kahIM koI .

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niyukti sAhitya eka punardhintana vivaraNa nahIM milatA, kevala nAma sAmya ke AdhAra para hama inake niyuktikAra hone kI sambhAvanA vyakta kara sakate haiN| inakI vidvatA evaM yogyatA ke sambandha meM bhI Agamika ullekhoM kA abhAva hai, kintu vRddhavAdI jaise ziSya aura siddhasena jaise praziSya ke guru vidvAna hoMge, isameM zaMkA nahIM kI jA sktii| sAtha hI inake praziSya siddhasena kA AdarapUrvaka ullekha digambara aura yApanIya AcArya bhI karate haiM, ataH inakI kRtiyoM ko uttara-bhArata kI acela paramparA meM mAnyatA milI ho aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| ye AryarakSita se pA~cavIM pIr3hI meM mAne gaye haiN| ataH inakA kAla inake sau-Der3ha sau varSa pazcAt hI hogA arthAt ye bhI vikrama kI tIsarI sadI ke uttarArddha yA cauthI ke pUrvArddha meM kabhI hue hogeN| lagabhaga yahI kAla mAthurIvAcanA kA bhI hai| cUMki mAthurIvAcanA yApanIyoM ko bhI svIkRta rahI hai, isalie ina kAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra ko niyuktiyoM kA karttA mAnane meM kAla evaM paramparA kI dRSTi se kaThinAI nahIM hai| mii yApanIya aura zvetAmbara donoM meM niyuktiyoM kI mAnyatA ke hone ke prazna para isase koI bAdhA nahIM AtI, kyoMki ye Aryabhadra Arya nakSatra evaM Arya viSNu kI hI paramparA ziSya haiN| sambhava hai ki digambara paramparA meM AryanakSatra aura Arya viSNu kI paramparA meM hue jina bhadrabAhu ke dakSiNa meM jAne ke ullekha milate haiM, jinase acela dhArA meM bhadrAnvaya aura Aryakula kA AvirbhAva huA ho ve ye hI Aryabhadra ho| yadi hama inheM niyuktiyoM kA karttA mAnate hai, to isase nandI sUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra meM jo niryuktiyoM ke ullekha haiM ve bhI yuktisaMgata bana jAte haiN| ataH hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki niryuktiyoM ke karttA Arya nakSatra kI paramparA meM hue Arya viSNu ke praziSya evaM Arya saMpalita ke guru-bhrAtA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra hI haiN| yadyapi maiM - apane isa niSkarSa ko antima to nahIM kahatA, kintu itanA avazya kahU~gA ki ina Aryabhadra ko niyukti kA karttA svIkAra karane para hama una aneka vipratipattiyoM se baca sakate haiM, jo prAcInagotrIya pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta aura vArAhamihira ke bhrAtA naimittika bhadrabAhu ko niyuktiyoM kA karttA mAnane para AtI haiN| hamArA yaha durbhAgya hai ki aceladhArA meM yuktiyA~ saMrakSita nahIM raha sakIM, mAtra bhagavatI ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra aura kundakunda ke granthoM meM unakI kucha gAthAyeM hI avaziSTa hai| inameM bhI mUlAcAra hI mAtra aisA grantha hai jo lagabhaga sau niyukti gAthAoM kA niyukti gAyA ke rUpa meM ullekha karatA hai| dUsarI ora savela dhArA meM jo niyuktiyA~ upalabdha hai, unameM aneka bhAmimita ho gaI hai, ataH upalabdha niyuktiyoM meM se bhASya gAthAoM evaM prakSipta gAthAoM ko alaga karanA eka kaThina kArya hai, kintu yadi eka bAra niyuktiyoM ke racanAkAla, usake karttA tathA unakI paramparA kA nirdhAraNa ho jAye, to yaha kArya sarala ho sakatA hai| AzA hai jaina vidyA ke niSpakSa vidvAnoM kI agalI pIr3hI isa dizA meM aura bhI anveSaNa kara niyukti sAhitya sambandhI vibhinna samasyAoM kA samAdhAna prastuta kregii| prastuta lekhana meM muni zrI puNyavijayajI kA Alekha merA upajIvya rahA hai| AcArya hastImala jI ne jainadharma ke 22

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pro. sAgaramala jaina maulika itihAsa ke lekhana meM bhI usI kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| kintu mai ukta donoM ke niSkarSoM se sahamata nahIM ho skaa| yApanIya sampradAya para mere dvArA grantha lekhana ke samaya merI dRSTi meM a naI samasyAyeM aura samAdhAna dRSTigata hue aura unhIM ke prakAza meM maine kucha navIna sthApanAyeM prastuta kI hai, ve satya ke kitanI nikaTa hai,yaha vicAra karanA vidvAnoM kA kArya hai| maiM apane niSkarSoM ko antima satya nahIM mAnatA hU~ ataH sadaiva unake vicAroM evaM samIkSAoM se lAbhAnvita hone kA prayAsa kruuNgaa|

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punardhintana sandarbha 1 (a) nijjuttA te atthA, ja baddhA teNa hoi nnijjustii| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 88 .... (ba) sUtrArthayo paraspara niryojana sambandhanaMniyuktiH - Avazyakaniyukti TIkA haribhadra, gAthA 83 kI TIkA 2. atyANaM uggahaNaM avAgahaM taha viAlaNaM ihN| - Avazyakaniyukti, 3 3. IThA apoha vImaMsA, maggaNA ya gvesnnaa| saNNA saI maI paNNA savvaM AbhiniyohiyaM / / -Avazyakaniyukti, 12 4. Avassagassa dasakAliassa taha uttrjjhmaayaare| sUyagaDe nijjutti vucchAmi tahA dasANaM c|| kappassa ya nijjutiM vavahArasseva paramaNi nnss| suriapaNNattIe tuccha isibhAsiyANa c|| -Avazyakaniyukti, 84,851 isibhAsiyAI (prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura), bhUmikA, sAgaramala jaina, pR. 93 6. bRhatkathAkoza (siMghI jaina granthamAlA) prastAvanA e.ena. upAdhye, pR.31 .7. ArAdhanA ... tasyA niyuktirAdhanAniyuktiH / - mUlAcAra, paMcAcArAdhikAra, gA. 279 kI TIkA (bhAratIya jJAnapITha 1984) 8. goviMdANaM pi namo aNuoge viuldhaarnnidaannN| - nandisUtra sthavirAvalI, gA. 41 vyavahArabhASya, bhAga 6, gA. 267-268 . so ya heugovaeso govindnijjttimaadito...| darisaNappabhAvagANi satyANi jahA goviNdnijjuttimaadii| - AvazyakacUrNi bhAgA, pR.31, 353, bhAga 2, pR. 201, 322 11. goviMdo... pacchAteNa egidiya jIva sAhaNaM goviMda nijjutikyaa| nizItha bhASya gAthA 3656, nizIthacUrNi, bhAga 3, pR. 260, bhAga 4, pR. 96 12. nandIsUtra, (saM.madhukaramuni) sUtrasaMkhyA, 13 (a) prAkRtasAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. jagadIza candrajaina, pra. (ba) jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 3, DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA, pR.6 14. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 84,85 9. 24

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pro. sAgaramala jaina 15. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 84 16. bahuraya paesa avvattasamucchAdugatiga abar3hiyA cev| sattee NiNhagA khalu titthaMmi u bdmaannss|| bahuraya jamAlipabhavA jIvaparasA ye tiisguttaao| avvattASSsAdAo saamuccheyaa'smittaao|| gaMgAo dokiriyA chalugA tarAsiyANa uppttii| therAya goTThamAhila. puTThamabaddhaM prviNti|| .. .. . sAvatthI usabhapura seyaviyA miDila ullugaatiirN| purimaMtaraMji dasapura rahavIrapuraM ca ngraaii|| codasa solasa vAsA coddasavIsuttarA ya doNi syaa| aTThAvIsA ya duve paMceva sayA u coyaalaa|| paMca sayA culasIyA chacceva sayA NavottarA hoti| NANupattIya duve uppaNNA Nivvue sesA / / evaM ee kaThiyA osappiNIe u niNhavA stt| vIravarassa pavayaNe sesANaM pavvayaNe nntthi|| 17. bahuraya jamAlipabhavA jIvapaesA ya tiisguttaao| avvattASSsAdAo saamuccheyaaSSsmittaao|| gaMgAe dokiriyA chalugA terAsiANa uppttii| / therA ya guTThamAhila puTThabaddhaM psrviti|| jiTThA sudaMsaNa jamAli aNujja sAvatthi tidugujjaanne| paMca sayA ya sahassaM DhakeNa jamAli muttUNaM / / rAyagihe guNasilae vasu caudasapuvi tiisguttaao| AmalakappA nayari mittasirI kuurpiddaadi|| siyaviyapolAsAde joge divasahiyayasUle y| sohammi naliNagumme rAyagihe puriya balabhadde / / mihilAe lacchighare mahagiri koDinna Asamitto a| NeuNamaNuppavAe rAyagihe khaMDarakkhA y|| naikheDajaNava ullaga mahagiri dhaNagutta ajjagaMge y| kiriyA do rAyagihe mahAtavo tiirmnninaae|| purimaMtaraMji bhuyaguha balasiri sirigutta rohagutte y| parivAya puTTasAle ghosaNa paDisehaNA vaae|| vicchya sappe mUsaga migI varAhI ya kAgi poyAiM / eyAhiM vijjAhiM so u parivvAyago kslo|| moriya nauli birAlI bagghI sIhI ya ulugi ovaai| eyAo vijjAo giNha privvaaymhnniio||

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dasapuranagAre ajjaraviSaya samitya c| guTThAmAhila nava aTTha sesapucchA ya vihAssa / / puTTho janA aba kaMSaNa kaMdhuoM samanneha evaM puTThamabaddhaM jIvaM kammaM samannei / / paccakkhANaM seyaM aparimANeNa hoi kAyavvaM / jesiM tu parImANaM taM dRTThe hoi aasNsaa| ravIrapure navare dIvamujjANa ajaya a siisvatimi pukArANa kahanA va - uttarAdhyayananiryukti, 165-178 18. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 29 19. dazavaikAlikaniryukti, gAthA 309-326 20. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 207 21. dazavaikAlika niyukti, gAthA 161-163 22. AcArAMganiryukti, gAthA, 5 23. (a) dazavaikAlikaniryukti, gAthA, 79-88 (ba) uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 143-144 24. jo ceva hoi mukkho sA u vimutti pagayaM tu bhAveNaM / devamukkA sAhU savyavimukA bhave siddhA / / - AvArAMganA 331 25. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 497-92 26. sUtrAMganiyukti, gAthA 99 27. dazavekAlikaniyukti, gAthA 3 28. sUtrakRtAMganiryukti, gAthA 127 29. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA, 267-268 30. dazAbhUtaskaMdhaniyukti gAyA 1 31. tahavi ya koI attho uppajjati tammi taMmi samayaMmi / niyukti sAhitya eka punacintana puvvabhaNio aNumato a hoi isibhAsiesu jahA / / - sUtrakRtaniyukti gAthA, 100 32. (ka) bRhatkalpasUtram, SaSTha vibhAga, prakAzaka- zrI AtmAnanda jaina sabhA bhAvanagara, prastAvanA, pR. 4,5 33. vahI, Amukha, pR. 2 34. (ka) mUDhaNaiyaM suyaM kAliyaM tu Na NayA samoyaraMti ihaM / akutte samoyArI natthite soro|| jAvaMti ajjavarA, aNuoMge reNA''reNa putta, kAliya divAra / / 26

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pro. sAgaramala jaina - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 762-776 (kha) tuMbavaNasannivesAo, niggayaM piusagAsamallINaM / kammAsiyaM chasu jayaM, mAUya samanniyaM vNde||| jo gujjhaehiM bAlo, nimaMtio bhoyaNeNa vaasNte| NecchA viNIyaviNao, taM vairarisiM nnmNsaami|| ujjeNIe jo jaMbhageDiM ANakkhiUNa thuyamahio akkhINamahANasiyaM sIhagiripasaMsiyaM vNde|| jassa aNuNNAe vAyagattaNe dasapurammi nnyrmbhi| devehiM kayA mahimA, payANusAri nnmNsaami|| jo kannAi dhaNeNa ya, NimaMtio juvvaNammi gihvinnaa| nayarammi kusumanAme, taM bairarisiM nnmNsaami|| jaNuddhAraA vijjA, AgAsagamA mhaarinnnnaao| vaMdAmi ajjavairaM, apacchimo jo suyhraann|| (ga) apuhutte aNuogo, cattAri duvAra bhAsaI ego| puhutANuogakaraNe, te attha tao u vocchinnaa|| deviMdavaMdirahiM, mahANubhAgehi rakkhiajjehiM / jugamAsajja vibhatto, aNuogo to kao cuhaa|| mAyA ya ruddasomA, piyA ya nAmeNa somadeva tti| bhAyA ya phaggurakkhiya, tosaliputtA ya aayriaa|| NijjavaNabhadgutte, vIsaM paDhaNaM ca tassa puvvagayaM / pavvAvio ya bhAyA, rakkhiakhamaNehi jaNao y|| 35. 'jaha jaha paesiNI jANugammi pAlittao bhmaaddei| taha taha sIse viyaNA, paNassai muruMDarAyassa / / -piNDaniyukti, gAthA - 498 nai kaNha-vinna dIve, paMcasayA tAvasANa nnivsNti| pavvadivasesu kulavai, pAlevuttAra skkaare|| jaNa sAvagANa khisaNa, samiyakkhaNa mAjhThANa levenn| sAvaya payattakaraNaM, aviNaya loe calaNa dhoe|| paDilAbhiya vaccaMtA, nibuDDa naikUlamilaNa smiyaao| vimhiya paMca sayA tAvasANa pavvajja sAThA y|| __-piNDaniyukti, gAthA 503-505 37. (a) vahI, gAthA 505 (ba) nandIsUtra sthavirAvalI gAthA, 36 (sa) mathurA ke abhilekhoM meM isa zAkhA kA ullekha brahamadAsika zAkhA ke rUpa meM milatA 36.

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarvintana 38. ujjeNI kAlakhamaNA sAgarakhamaNA suvnnnnbhuumiie| iMdo AuyasesaM, pucchAi sAdivvakaraNaM c|| - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 119 39. arahate vaMdittA caudasapuSvI taTheva dspucii| ekkArasaMgasuttatthadhArae savvasAhU y|| -oghaniyukti, gAthA 1 40. zrImatI oghaniyukti, saMpAdaka- zrI madvijayasUrIzvara, prakAzana-- jaina granthamAlA, gopIpurA, sUrata, pR. 3-4 41. jeNuddhariyA vijjA AgAsagamA mhaaprinnaao| vaMdAmi ajjavaharaM apacchimo jo suaTharANaM / / - gAthA, 769 42. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA, 763-774 apurttapututtAI nidisiuM ettha hoi ahigaaro| caraNakaraNANuogeNa tassa dArA ime huti|| -dazavaikAlika niyukti, gAthA 4 44. AheNa u nijjutti vucchaM crnnkrnnaannuogaao| appakkharaM mahatthaM aNuggahatya suvihiyANa / / - oghaniyukti, gAthA 2 45. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 778-783 46. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 164-178 .47. egabhavie ya badAue ya abhimuhiyanAmagoe y| ete tinnivi desA davvaMmi ya poNddriiyss|| ___ - sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 146 48. uttarAdhyayana TIkA zAntyAcArya, uddhRta bRhatkalpasUtram bhASya, SaSTha vibhAga prastAvanA, pR.12 49. vahI, pR.1 50. bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya SaSThavibhAga, AtmAnanda jaina sabhA, bhAvanagara, pR. 11 51. sAva tyI usamapura seyaviyA mihila' ullugaatiirN| pudimaMta raMji dasapura rahavIra puraM ca ngraaii|| codasa solasa vAsA coddasavIsuttarA ya doNi spaa| aTThAvIso ya duve paMceva sayA u coyaalaa|| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 81-82 52. rahavIrapuraM nayaraM dIvagamujjANa ajjakaNhe a| sivabhUissuvarkimi pucchA thorANa kahaNA y|| - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 178

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pro. sAgaramala jaina 53. svayaM caturdazapUrvitve'pi yaccaturdazapUrbhupAdAnaM tat teSAmapi SaTsthAnapatitatvena zeSamahAtmyasthApanaparamaduSTameva, bhASyagAthA vA daragAthAnyAdArabhya lakSyanta iti preryAnavakAza eveti|| - uttarAdhyayana TIkA, zAntyAcArya, gAthA 233 54. egabhavie ya baDhAue ya abhimuhiyanAmagoe y| ete tinnivi desA davvaMmi ya pohriiyss|| - sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 146 55. ye cAdezAH4, yathA-- AryamagurAcAryastrividhaM zaGkhamicchati-- ekabhAvika badAyuSkamabhimukhanAmagotraM ca, Aryasamudro dvividhama -- badAyuSkamabhimukhanAmagotraM ca, AryasuThastI ekam-- abhimukhanAma gotramitiH -bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya bhAga 1, gAthA 144 56. vahI, SaSThavibhAga, pR.saM.15-17 57. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1252-1260 58. vahI, gAthA-85 59. jatya ya jo paNNavao kassavi sAhai disAsu ya NimittaM / jattomuho ya DhAI sA puvvA pacchavo avraa|| - AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 51. 60. saptAzvivedasaMkhya, zakakAlamapAsya caitrshuklaadii| ardhAstamite bhAnau, yavanapure saumydivsaaye|| - paMcasiddhAntikA uddhRta bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya SaSThavibhAga, prastAvanA, pR. 17 61. bRhatkalpasUtrama, SaSThavibhAga, prastAvanA, pR. 18 62. goviMdo nAma bhikkhU... pacchA teNa egidiyajIvasAhaNaM goviMdanijjuttI kyaa|| esa naanntenno||| - nizIthacUrNi, bhAga 3, uddezaka 11-sanmati jJAnapITha,AgarA, pR. 260 63. (a) goviMdANaM pi namo, aNuoge viuldhaarnnidaannN| NiccaM khaMtidayANaM pasvaNe dullbhidaannN|| -nandIsUtra, gAthA 81 (ba) Arya skaMdila Arya himavaMta Arya nAgArjuna

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarSintana Arya govinda -dekheM nandIsUtra sthavirAvalI, gAthA 36-41 64. pacchA teNa egidiyajIvasAhaNaM goviMdaNijjuttI kyaa| esa nnaanntenno| eva dNsnnpbhaavgstthtttthaa| - nizIthacUrNi, pR. 260 65. niNhayANa vattavvayA bhANiyavvA jahA saamaajhynijjuttiie| ...... - uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, jinadAsagaNimahattara, vikrama saMvat 1989, pR. 95, 66. dANiM etesi kAlo bhaNNati 'ghauddasa solasa vIsA gAhAu do, idANi bhaNNati-- 'codasa vAsA taiyA gAthA akkhaannysNghnnii| vahI, pR.95 67. micchaTThiI sAsAyaNe ya taha sammamicchadiTThI y| tatto ya appamatto niyaTThi aniyaTThi bAyare suhme| uvasaMta khINamohe hoi sajogI ajogI y|| - Avazyakaniyukti, (niyuktisaMgraha, pR. 140) 68. Avazyakaniyukti (haribhadra) bhAga 2, prakAzaka zrI bherulAla kanhaiyA lAla koThArI dhArmika TrasTa, mumbaI, vIra saM. 2508, pR. 106-107 daMsaNamohakkhavae uvasAmaMte ya uvste|| khavae ya khINamohe jiNe aseDhI bhave asNkhijjaa| tavivarIo kAlo saMkhajjugaNAi seddhiie|| - AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 222, 223 (niyuktisaMgraha, pR. 441) 70. samyAdRSTizrAvakaviratAnantaviyojakadarzanamoDakSapakopazamakopazAntamohakSapakakSINa mohajinAH kramazo'saMGkhyeyaguNa nirjarAH / / - - tattvArthasUtra ( umAsvati) sukhalAla saMghavI, 9/47 .. 71. (a) NijjuttI NijjuttI esA kahidA mae samAseNa / aha vitthAra paMsago'Niyogado hodi nnaadvvo|| AvAsagaNijjuttI evaM kadhidA samAsao vihinnaa| No uvajujadi NiccaM so siddhi, jAdi visuddhpyaa|| - mUlAcAra (bhAratIya jJAnapITha) 691, 692 ...eso aNNo gaMtho kappadi padi, asjjhaae| ArAhaNA Nijjutti maraNavibhattI ya sNghtthudio| paccakkhANAvasaya dhammakahAo erisa o|| - mUlAcAra, 278,279 (ba) Na vaso avaso avasassakammamAvassayaMti bodhvaa| jutti tti uvAaMti Na Niravayavo Thodi NijjuttI / /