Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ nayavicAra jitendra bI0 zAha nirgrantha darzana meM vastu tattva ko anantadharmAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| pratyeka vastu anekAneka bhAvAtmaka aura abhAvAtmaka guNadharmoM se yukta hotI hai| itanA hI nahIM apitu vastu meM paraspara virodhI guNadharma bhI eka hI samaya meM pAe jAte haiN| vastu kI yaha anantadharmAtmakatA hI anekAntavAda kA tAttvika AdhAra haiN| vastu meM aneka guNadharmoM ke hone para bhI jaba usakA kathana karanA hotA hai taba kisI eka dharma ko, kisI eka apekSA vizeSa ko pramukha banAkara kathana kiyA jAtA hai| vastu ke vividha pakSoM meM jaba kisI eka pakSa ko hI pradhAna banAkara hama kathana karate haiM taba vastuta: anya pakSoM yA guNadharma kA abhAva nahIM ho jAtA / isa anantadharmAtmaka vastu kI abhivyakti ke lie kisI aisI kathana-zailI kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo vastu ke kisI eka guNadharma kA vidhAna karate hue anya guNa dharmoM kA niSedha na kare / dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAya to vastu ke sambandha meM jo sApekSita kathana kiyA jAtA hai vaha kisI abhiprAya-vizeSa yA dRSTikoNa-vizeSa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA jAtA hai| vaktA kA yaha abhiprAya-vizeSa kiMvA dRSTikoNa-vizeSa hI naya kahalAtA hai| tadatirikta jisa apekSA ke AdhAra para vastu ke anantaguNadharmoM meM se kisI eka guNadharma kA vidhAna yA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai vaha naya kahalAtA hai / naya kA sambandha vastu kI abhivyakti kI zailI se hai| isIlie AcArya siddhasena ne sanmatiprakaraNa (prAyaH IsvI san kI pAMcavIM zatI kA pUrvArddha) meM kahA hai ki : jAvaiyA vayaNavahA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti nnyvaayaa| jAvaiyA NayavAyA tAvaiyA ceva parasamayA // arthAt kathana kI jitanI zailiyAM yA jitane vacana-patha hote haiM utane hI nayavAda hote haiM evaM jitane hI nayavAda hote haiM utane hI para-samaya arthAt paradarzana hote haiN| isa AdhAra para yaha siddha hotA hai ki nayoM kI saMkhyA ananta hai| kyoMki vastu ke anaMta guNadharmoM kI abhivyakti hetu vividha dRSTikoNoM kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai| yaha sabhI vizeSa dRSTikoNa nayAzrita hI hote haiN| jaina darzana meM nayoM kI carcA vibhinna rUpoM meM kI gaI hai| sarvaprathama Agamayuga meM dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se vastu kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| vastu ke dravyAtmaka yA nityatva ko jo apanA viSaya banAtA hai usako 'dravyArthika-naya' kahA jAtA hai / isake viparIta vastu ke parivartanazIla pakSa ko jo naya apanA viSaya banAtA hai, vaha naya 'paryAyArthika-naya' kahalAtA haiM / phira pratIti evaM yathArthatA ke AdhAra para bhI prAcIna AgamoM meM do prakAra ke nayoM kA ullekha milatA hai| jo naya vastu ke mUlabhUta svAbhAvika svarUpa ko apanA viSaya banAtA hai use hama "nizcayanaya" aura jo naya vastu ke pratItijanya viSaya ko apanA viSaya banAtA hai use "vyavahAranaya" kahA gayA hai| prAcIna AgamoM meM mukhya rUpa se inhIM do prakAra ke nayoM kI carcA huI hai| kabhI-kabhI vyavahAranaya yA dravyArthika naya ko avyucchitti-naya tathA paryAyArthika-naya yA nizcayanaya ko vyucchitti-naya bhI kahA gayA hai| nayoM ke isa dvividha vivecana ke pazcAt hameM anya vargIkaraNa bhI upalabdha hote haiM / umAsvAti ne tattvArthAdhigamasUtra (prAya: IsvI 350) meM negamAdi pAMca mUla nayoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / siddhasena divAkara ne sanmatiprakaraNa meM naigamanaya ko chor3akara cha: nayoM kI carcA kI haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke digambara TIkAkAra evaM kucha anya AcArya sAta nayoM kI carcA karate hai / dvAdazAra-nayacakra meM granthakartA mallavAdI (I0 550-600) ne bAraha nayoM arthAt dRSTikoNoM ko AdhAra banAkara carcA kI hai| ina vibhinna nayoM aura inake vibhinna saMyogoM ke AdhAra para kisI AcArya ne sAta sau nayoM kI carcA kI thii| saptazatAra-nayacakra nAmaka graMtha meM inhIM sAta sau nayoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA thA, aisA ullekha dvAdazAra-nayacakra
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jitendra bI. zAha Nirgrantha kI siMhasUrI (siMhazUra) kI TIkA (prAyaH IsvI0675) meM upalabdha hai| saMkSepa meM hama kaha sakate hai ki jaina paraMparA meM nayoM ke vargIkaraNa kI vibhinna zailiyAM rahI haiN| (1) vargIkaraNa kI saMkSipta zailI:- isake aMtargata sAmAnyarUpa se dravyArthika- paryAyArthika, nizcaya-vyavahAra, vyucchitti avyucchitti Adi rUpoM meM nayoM ke do vibhAga kie gae haiN| (2) vargIkaraNa kI madhyama zailI:- isameM sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko hI AdhAra banAkara nayoM kA caturvidha, paMcavidha, Savidha, saptavidha Adi bheda kie gae haiN| (3) vargIkaraNa kI vistRta zailI:- yaha zailI vartamAna meM pracalita nahIM hai, kintu prAcIna kAla meM yaha zailI astitva meM rahI hogii| kyoMki saptazatAra-nayacakra hone kA ullekha bhI prApta huA hai jisake AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki vibhinna dRSTikoNoM ke AdhAra para nayoM kA vibhAjana sAta sau rUpoM meM bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| kintu vartamAna yuga meM nayoM ke vargIkaraNa ke saMkSipta aura madhyama rUpa hI pracalita haiN| AgamakAla meM naya vibhAjana : prAcIna ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya meM sarvaprathama nayoM kI carcA vyAkhyAprajJapti aparanAma bhagavatIsUtra (IsvI 2-3 zatI) meM dekhane ko milatI hai| isameM sAmAnya rUpa se dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika tathA nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM kI carcA huI hai| dravyArthika naya vaha dRSTikoNa hai jo sattA ke zAzvata pakSa ko, dUsare zabdoM meM dravya ko hI apanA viSaya banAtA hai| jaba ki paryAyArthika naya sattA yA dravya ke parivartanazIla pakSa ko, jise paraMparAgata zailI meM paryAya kahA jAtA hai, apanA viSaya banAtA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti meM inake lie avyucchitti-naya aura vyucchitti-naya zabda kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jo dravyArthika naya hai, use hI avyucchitti-naya kahA gayA hai / avyucchitti-naya kA viSaya sattA kA sAmAnya aura zAzvata pakSa hotA hai| sattA ke paryAyArthika pakSa ko yA parivartanazIla pakSa ko vyucchitti-naya kahA gayA hai, evaM eka hI vastu kI vyAkhyA ina do dRSTikoNoM ke AdhAra para do prakAra se kI gaI hai| jaise---- dravyArthika dRSTi yA avyucchitti-naya kI apekSA se vastu ko zAzvata kahA jAtA hai jabaki paryAyArthika dRSTi yA vyucchitti-naya kI apekSA se vastu ko azAzvata yA anitya mAnA jAtA hai| inhIM do dRSTikoNoM ke AdhAra para Age calakara sAmAnya dRSTikoNa aura vizeSa dRSTikoNa kI carcA huI hai| sanmatiprakaraNa meM abhedagAmI dRSTikoNa ko sAmAnya aura bhedagAmI dRSTikoNa ko vizeSa kahA hai" / vastu kA sAmAnya pakSa sAmAnyatayA nitya hotA hai aura vizeSa pakSa anitya hotA hai| isalie dravyArthika dRSTi ko sAmAnya yA abhedagAmI dRSTi bhI kahate haiN| isI prakAra paryAyArthika dRSTi ko vizeSa yA bhedagAmI dRSTi bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti meM nayoM kA eka vargIkaraNa nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke rUpa meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| nizcaya naya vastu ke pAramArthika yA yathArtha svarUpa ko yA dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to vastu ke svabhAva pakSa ko apanA viSaya banAtA hai| isakA eka udAharaNa usI sUtra meM isa prakAra milatA hai - jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra se yaha pUchA gayA ki - "he bhagavan ! phaNit (pravAhI guDa) kA svAda kaisA hotA hai ?" to unhoMne uttara diyA- "he gautama ! vyavahAranaya se to use mIThA kahA jAtA hai kintu nizcayanaya se to vaha pAMcoM hI prakAra ke svAdoM se yukta hai|" isake atirikta prAcInakAla meM jJAnanaya aura kriyAnaya tathA zabdanaya aura arthanaya aise bhI dvividha vargIkaraNa prApta hote haiN| jo naya jJAna ko pramukhatA detA hai vaha jJAnanaya hai aura jo naya kriyA para bala detA hai vaha kriyAnaya hai| unheM hama jJAnamArgI jIvanadRSTi aura kriyAmArgI jIvanadRSTi kahate hai| isI prakAra jo dRSTikoNa zabdagrAhI hotA hai
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. I-1995 nayavicAra vaha zabdanaya aura jo naya arthagrAhI hotA hai use arthanaya ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai / isa prakAra bhagavatIsUtra jaise prAcIna Agama meM nayoM kA vibhinna apekSAoM ke AdhAra para vibhinna zailiyoM meM vividha prakAra se vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| yahAM hameM nayoM ke saMkSipta vargIkaraNa kI zailI kA hI bodha hotA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI nayoM kA ullekha milatA haiM kintu isameM usake bheda-prabhedoM kI koI carcA nahIM milatI hai| isa AdhAra para hama yaha mAna sakate haiM ki uttarAdhyayana ke saiddhAntika adhyAyoM ke kAla (IsvI 1-2 zatAbdi) taka nayoM ke vargIkaraNa kI saMkSipta zailI hI astitva meM rahI hogii| apekSAkRta paravartI Agama sthAnAMgasUtra (saMkalana prAya: IsvI 363)" aura anuyogadvArasUtra (prAya: guptakAla)25 meM nayoM kA saptavidha vargIkaraNa hameM upalabdha hotA hai| yahAM dArzanika kAla ke sAta nayoM kA nAma nirdeza mAtra kiyA gayA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki jaba tattvArtha aura sanmati prakaraNa Adi graMthoM meM naya kA paMcavidha, Savidha evaM saptavidha vargIkaraNa kie gae usameM se saptavidha vargIkaraNa ko grahaNa karake una nAmoM ko sthAnAMga meM usake aMtima vAcanA ke samaya DAla diyA gayA ho / yadyapi anuyogadvAra sUtra ke nayadvAra meM sAtoM nayoM ke lakSaNa Adi kI carcA milatI hai, kintu hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki anuyogadvAra sUtra, tattvArtha aura sanmatiprakaraNa jaise dArzanika granthoM ke bAda hI likhA gayA hai| usakI dArzanika zailI svayaM isa tathya kA pramANa hai ki yaha Agama graMtha hote hue bhI paravartI kAla kA hI hai| isameM prathama cAra naya arthanaya aura bAda ke tIna naya zabdanaya ke rUpameM vivecita haiM / arthanaya kA tAtparya vastu yA padArtha se hai| jo naya padArtha ko apanA viSaya banAte haiM- ve arthanaya aura jo zabda ko apanA viSaya banAte haiM-ve zabdanaya kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra paravartI AgamoM meM nayoM kI vistRta carcA hameM milane lagatI hai| kintu itanA avazya smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki prastuta Agama dArzanika yuga kI hI racanA hai| dArzanika yuga ke graMthoM meM prAcInatama graMtha tatvArthAdhigamasUtra hai| isake prathama adhyAya meM naya kA ullekha karane vAle tIna sUtra upalabdha hote haiM / prAraMbha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki vastutattva kA abhigama naya aura pramANa ke dvArA hotA hai / isa prakAra jJAna-prakriyA meM naya ke sthAna aura mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| adhyAya ke aMta ke do sUtroM meM naya kA vargIkaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| pahale sUtra meM nayoM ko naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda aise pAMca nayoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| phira naigama ke do bhedoM aura zabda ke tIna-tIna bhedoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki sarvArthasiddhi-mAnya pATha meM ina do sUtroM ke sthAna para eka hI sUtra prApta hotA hai aura isameM sAta nayoM kA nirdeza eka sAtha hI kara diyA gayA hai| paravartI jaina dArzanika graMtho meM vibhinna naya dRSTiyoM ko bhinna-bhinna dArzanika maMtavyoM ke sAtha saMyojita karake yaha kahA jAtA hai ki vedAnta saMgrahanaya kI apekSA se, bauddha darzana RjusUtranaya kI apekSA se, nyAya-vaizeSika darzana naigamanaya kI apekSA se vastu-tattva kA vivecana karate haiN| kintu vibhinna nayoM ko vibhinna darzanoM se saMyojita karane kI yaha zailI paravartI kAla kI hai| tattvArthabhASya ke kAla taka hameM isakA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| tattvArthabhASya meM yaha prazna upasthita kiyA gayA hai ki naigamAdi naya tantrAntarIya hai yA svataMtra hai ? aura isakA uttara dete hue umAsvAti kahate haiM : "naigamAdi naya na to tantrAntarIya haiM aura na svataMtra hI haiN| kyoMki jJeya padArtha kA svarUpa hI aisA hai ki jJeya padArtha ko bhinna-bhinna dRSTiyoM se jAnane ke lie hI ina nayoM kA AvirbhAva huA haiM"32 / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki bAcaka umAsvAti ke kAla taka darzanoM ko vibhinna nayoM se saMyojita karane kI zailI kA vikAsa nahIM huA thaa| yaha eka paravartI vikAsa hai| vaise tantra zabda kA eka anya artha karake isa viSaya para eka anya dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| prAcIna graMthoM meM Agama zabda ke lie bhI tantra zabda kA prayoga huA hai| jaise haribhadrasUri
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jitendra rI. zAha Nirgrantha ne yApanIya-taMtra kA ullekha kiyA hai / isa AdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki umAsvAti ke sAmane yaha prazna upasthita huA hogA ki jo naigamAdi sAta naya hai ye usa samaya ke AgamoM meM ullikhita nahIM the| ata: yaha carcA calatI hogI ki yaha naya Agama ke anukUla hai yA pratikUla hai| isI bAta kA nirAkaraNa umAsvAti ne isa prakAra kiyA- ye naya Agama meM to nahIM hai kintu Agama ke anusAra vastu-tattva kA vivecana karane ke kAraNa Agama ke pratikUla bhI nahIM haiN| isa samagra carcA se hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki jaina paraMparA meM nayoM kA avataraNa vastu-tattva ke vibhinna pakSa ko pRthak-pRthak dRSTi se vyAkhyAbaddha karane ke lie huA hai| vastu kI pariNAmiyatA hI alaga-alaga naya dRSTiyoM kA AdhAra hai| nayoM kA vibhinna darzanoM ke sAtha saMyojana karane kI zailI apekSAkRta paravartI hai| sanmatiprakaraNa meM nayoM ke vibhinna bheda-prabhedoM kI aura unakI jJAna sImA kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| nayoM kA itanA vistRta vivecana na to Agamika sAhitya meM milatA hai aura na tattvArthAdhigamasUtra jaise AraMbhika darzanagraMtha meM upalabdha hotA hai| AcArya siddhasena divAkara ne mUla meM Agama kA anusaraNa karate hue do nayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA aura dArzanika yuga ke naigama Adi nayoM kA ina do mUla nayoM meM samAveza kiyA / siddhasena kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ve naigamAdi sAta nayoM meM naigamanaya kA niSedha karake mAtra chaha nayoM ko hI svIkAra karate hai / naigamanaya ko asvIkAra karane kA mUlabhUta kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki koI bhI naya vastu ke svarUpa para koI eka hI dRSTikoNa se vicAra kara sakatA hai| kyoMki naigama meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa aise donoM dRSTikoNoM kA antarbhAva mAnA gayA thaa| isalie vaha svataMtra naya yA dRSTi nahIM ho sktaa| yadi naigama dravya ko akhaMDita rUpa meM grahaNa karatA hai to vaha saMgrahanaya meM antarnihita hogA aura yadi vaha vastu ko bheda rUpa meM yA vizeSa rUpa meM grahaNa karatA hai to vaha vyavahAranaya meM AbhAsita hogaa| isa prakAra naigamanaya sAMyogika naya ho sakatA hai, kintu svataMtra naya nahIM ho sakatA hai| siddhasena divAkara ne nayoM kA eka vibhAjana sunaya aura durnaya ke rUpa meM bhI kiyA hai / vastuta: jaba pratyeka naya-dRSTi ko kisI darzana vizeSa ke sAtha saMyojita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA to jaina saMgha meM yaha prazna sAmayika rUpase utpanna huA hogA ki pratyeka darzana kisI naya-vizeSa para Azrita/AdhArita hai isalie vaha darzana samyAdarzana hI mAnA jAegA, mithyAdarzana nahIM mAnA jAegA / isa Apatti kA uttara dene ke lie hI sAmAnyatayA AcArya siddhasena ne nayoM ke do prakAroM arthAt sunaya aura durnaya kI udbhAvanA kI hogii| kyoMki kisI naya vizeSa ko svIkAra karake bhI dRSTikoNa AgrahI ho to vaha dRSTikoNa samyak nahIM ho sakatA / jo naya athavA dRSTi apane ko hI eka mAtra satya mAne aura dUsare kA niSedha kare, vaha dRSTi samyak dRSTi yA sunaya nahIM ho sktii| anya darzana yadi apane hI dRSTikoNa ko ekamAtra satya mAneMge to ve nayAzrita hokara bhI sunaya kI koTi meM nahIM rakhe jAeMge, apitu unakA vaha dRSTikoNa durnaya kahA jAegA kyoMki vaha anekAnta dRSTi kA niSedhaka hogaa| siddhasena ke anusAra jo naya dUsare nayoM arthAt dRSTiyoM kA niSedhaka nahIM hotA, vaha sunaya hotA hai| usake viparIta jo naya apane atirikta dUsare nayoM kA niSedha karatA hai yA unheM mithyA mAnatA hai, vaha naya durnaya meM Aropita hotA hai | - AcArya siddhasena ke naya vivecana kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki nayadRSTi ke samyak yA mithyA hone kA AdhAra unake dvArA anya nayoM ke niSedha para AdhArita hai| jo naya apane atirikta anya nayoM yA dRSTikoNoM ko svIkAra karatA hai, vaha samyak hotA hai| isI AdhAra para unhoMne jaina darzana ko mithyAmata samUha ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki vibhinna naya dRSTiyAM jo apane Apa meM kendrita rahakara anya kI niSedhaka hone ke kAraNa mithyAdRSTi hotI hai, vahI jaba eka dUsare se samanvita ho jAtI hai to samyak dRSTi bana jAtI haiN| isI artha meM AcArya siddhasena
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. 1-1995 nayavicAra ne jaina darzana ko mithyAmata-samUha kahA / kyoMki vaha anekAnta ke AdhAra para vibhinna naya yA dRSTikoNa ko samanvita kara letA hai| AcArya siddhasena ke naya ciMtana kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne naya ciMtana ko eka vyApaka parimANa pradAna kiyaa| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika dRSTi ke sau-sau bhedoM kI kalpanA Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya meM upalabdha hotI hai| isI prakAra yadi anya nayoM ke bhI sau-sau naya kalpita kie jAya to nayoM ke sarvAdhika bhedoM ke AdhAra para sAta sau nayoM kI bhI kalpanA samucita mAnI jA sakatI hai| mallavAdI ke dvAdazAra-nayacakra meM nayoM ke ina sAta sau bhedoM kA nirdeza mAtra prApta hotA hai / saMbhavataH nayoM ke sAta sau bheda karane kI yaha paraMparA dvAdazAra-nayacakra ke pUrva kI hogii| hama dekhate hai ki siddhasena divAkara ne sarvaprathama eka kadama Age baDhakara yaha kahA thA ki nayoM asaMkhya ho sakatA hai| vastuta: vastu ke pratipAdana kI jitanI zailiyAM ho sakatI haiM utane hI naya yA nayadRSTiyAM ho sakatI haiN| evaM jitanI hI nayadRSTiyAM hotI haiM utane hI para-darzana hote haiN| kyoMki pratyeka darzana kisI dRSTivizeSa ko svIkAra karake vastu tattva kA vivecana karatA hai / AcArya siddhasena kA nayoM ke saMdarbha meM yaha ati vyApaka dRSTikoNa paravartI jaina graMthoM meM yathAvata mAnya rahA hai| vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke kartA jinabhadra (prAya: IsvI0 550-594) ne bhI nayoM ke saMdarbha meM isa vyApaka dRSTikoNa ko svIkAra kiyA hai| siddhasena ke sanmatiprakaraNa kI "jAvaiyA vayaNavahA" gAthA kiMcit pAThAMtara ke sAtha vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM upalabdha hotI hai" / vastutaH naya dRSTi eka baMdhI baMdhAI dRSTi nahIM hai| isameM eka vyApakatA rahI huI hai aura jaina AcAryoM ne isa vyApaka dRSTi ko AdhAra mAna kara apane-apane DhaMga se nayoM kA vivecana bhI kiyA dvAdazAra-nayacakra meM Agama prasiddha nayoM ke dvividha vargIkaraNoM ko svIkAra karake unameM darzana yuga ke sAta nayoM kA samAveza to kiyA hI gayA hai kintu isake atirikta jaina darzana meM anyatra anupalabdha aise vidhi, niyama, vidhi-vidhi Adi bAraha nayoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA gayA hai| unake dvArA yaha naya dvAdazavidhanaya vargIkaraNa kisa prakAra se dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika aise dvividha aura naigama Adi sAta nayoM meM antarbhAjita hotA hai, yaha nimna tAlikA se spaSTa hotA hai| 1. vidhi dravyArthika vyavahAra 2. vidhividhaH saMgrahanaya 3. vidyubhayam 4. vidhaniyamaH 5. ubhayam naigamanaya 6. ubhayavidhiH 7. ubhayobhayam paryAyArthika RjusUtra 8. ubhayaniyamaH zabdanaya 9. niyamaH 10. niyamavidhiH samabhirUr3ha 11. niyamobhayam 12. niyamaniyamaH evaMbhUtanaya uparokta bAraha "ara" dvAdazAra-nayacakra kI apanI viziSTatA hai| vidhi evaM niyama zabda kA artha anukrama
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jitendrabI. zAha Nirgrantha se sat kA svIkAra evaM asvIkAra hai| ina do zabdoM ke saMyojana se hI bAraha bheda kie gae hai| isameM usa yuga ke samasta bhAratIya darzanakA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| prathama cAra ara meM sat ko nitya mAnane vAle darzanoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| ubhayAdi cAra ara meM sat ko nityAnityAtmaka mAnane vAle darzanoM kA aura antima cAra ara meM sat ko anitya mAnane vAle darzanoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi graMthakAra ne svayaM kahA hai ki vidhi Adi zabda Agama meM se hI uddhRta kiyA hai, paraMtu vidhiniyama zabda kA prayoga karake nayoM kA vibhAjana karane kI zailI jaina darzana ke upalabdha sAhitya meM anyatra kahIM bhI dRSTigocara hotI nahIM hai| tatkAlIna samasta darzanoM ko jainadarzana meM samAviSTa karane ke lie hI grandhakAra ne vidhiniyama zabdakA prayoga karake bAraha ara kA vivecana kiyA hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM nayoM kA kramika vikAsa huA hai kintu dvAdazAra-nayacakra meM prayukta zailI evaM nayoM ke nAma nayacakra ke pUrvavartI yA paravartI sAhityameM upalabdha nahIM hote| saMdarbhasUcI:1. anantadharmAtmakameva tattvamato'nyathA sattvamasUpapAdam / hemacandra, anyayogavyavacchedikA zlo0 22; saM0 munizrI sUryodayavijayajI, caMdananI suvAsa, zrI zve0 mU0 pU0 jaina saMgha, karADa saM0 2020, pR0 241. 2. nayo jJAturabhiprAya: laghIyastrayI, zlo0 55; saM0 mahendrakumAra zAstrI, sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, ahamadAbAda 1996, jJAtRNAmabhisandhayaH khatu nayAH / pR0 10. siddhivinizcaya TIkA, bhaTTa akalaMka, saM0 mahendrakumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI 1944, pR0 517. 3. anantadharmAdhyAsitaM vastu svAbhipretaikadharmaviziSTaM nayati-prApayati saMvedanamArohayatIti nayaH / / nyAyAvatAsvArtikavRtti, zAntisUri, prathamAvRtti, ___ saM0 paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, siMdhI jaina granthamAlA, bambaI 1949, pR073. 4. sanmatiprakaraNa bhA0 4, saM0 paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI - paM0 becaradAsa dozI, gUjarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda 1932, 3.47. 5. sanmatiprakaraNa - 1.4-5. 6. mahendrakumAra jaina, jaina darzana, zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI 1974. pR0 351-354. 7. nyAyAvatAravArtikavRtti, pR0 22. 8. naigmsNgrhvyvhaarrjusuutrshbdaanyaa:|| tattvArthasUtra 1.34, saM0 paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, vArANasI 1976. 9. sanmatiprakaraNa - 1.4-5. 10. naigamasaMgrahavyavahArarjusUtrazabdanayAH / tattvArthasUtra 1, 34. 11. dvAdazAraM nayacakraM, saM0 muni jambUvijaya, zrI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA, bhAvanagara 1988, bhA0 1, pR0 10. 12. saptazatAranayacakrAdhyayane / dvAdazAraM-nayacakraM, pR0886. 13. chAriyA NaM bhaMte ! pucchA ! goyamA ! ettha do nayA bhavaMti, taM jahA-necchiiyanae ca vAvahAriyanae y| viyAhapaNNatisutaM, saM0 paM0 becaradAsa dozI, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1978, pR0 814. 14. nyAyAvatAravArttikavRtti, "prastAvanA", pR0 22. 15. titthayaravayaNasaMgaha-visesa patthAra muulvaagrnnii| dabbaThio ya pajavaNao ya sesA vikappA siN| sanmatiprakaraNa 1.3. 16. sanmatiprakaraNa bhA0 1, pR0 2. 17. phANiyagule NaM bhaMte ! kativaNNe, katigaMdhe, katirase, katiphAse pannatte ? goyamA ! etthaM do nayA javaMti, taM jahA-necchayiyanae ya vAvahAriyanae y| vAvahAriyanayassa goDe phAliyagule, necchaiya nayassa paMcavaNNe, dugaMdhe, paMcarase, aTThaphAse pnnte| viyAhapaNNatti bhA0 2, pR0813.
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. I-1995 18. sthAnAM samavAyAMga, saM0 muni jambUvijayajI, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1985, pR0 338. 19. jJAna mAtra prAdhAnyAbhyupagamaparA jJAnanayAH / jainatarkabhASA, saM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, ahamadAbAda 1993, pR0 23. 20. kriyA mAtra prAdhAnyAbhyupagamaparAzca kriyAnayAH || jainatarkabhASA, 21. prAdhAnyena zabda gocaratvAcchabda nayA: / jainatarkabhASA, pR0 23. 22. prAdhAnyenArthagocaratvAdartha nayAH // jainatarkabhASA, pR0 23. naparicAra pR0 23. 23. savvanayAna anumae ramejjA saMjame munI // uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saM0 muni jambUvijayajI, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1977, granthAMka 15, 36.249, pR0 326. ( yahA~ ardhamAgadhI bhASA anusAra zabda-rUpa liyA gayA hai|) 24. samUlA pattA, se jahA- negame, saMgehi, vavahAre, ajjusute, sade, samadhi evaMbhUte ThANaMgasuta, saM0 muni jambUvijaya, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1985, pR0 225. 25. sata mUlaNayA paNNattA taM jahA- game, saMgahe vavahAre, ujjue, sade, samadhirude evNbhuute| 1 nandIsUta anubogadArAI, saM0 paM0 becaradAsa dozI, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1978 50 204. 26. vahI 20. tiSTaM saNayAnaM aNuomadArasuta, pR0 70. 28. pramANanayairadhigamaH / naigamasaMgrahavyavahArazabdanayAH Adazabda dvitribhedI tattvArthAdhigamasUtra kramaza: 16, 1-341-35. 1 29. tattvArthAdhigamasUtra - 1.6. 30. svArthAdhigamasUtra- 1.34. 31. svArthAdhigamasUtra- 1.35. 32. naigamasaMgrahavyavahArasUtrazabdamabhibhUtA navAH // sarvArthasiddhi, saM0 paM0 phUlacaMdra siddhAntazAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, naI dillI 1991, 1.33. 33. atrAha kimete tantrAntarIyA vAdita AhosvatsvatantrA / eva codaka pakSa grAhiNo matibhedena vipradhAvitA iti / Alocyate- naite tantrAntarIyA nApi svataMtrA matibhedena / vipradhAvitAH / jJeyasya tvarthasyAdhyavasAyAntarANyetAni / sabhASyatattvArthAdhigamasUtram // pR0 63. 34. strIgrahaNaM tAsAmapi..... yathoktaM yApanIya tantre / lalitavistarA, saM0 vikramasena vi0 ma0 sA0, bhuvana bhadraMkara sAhitya pracAra kendra, 1 madrAsa vi0 saM0 2051, pR0 427-428. 35. sabhApya tattvArthAdhigamasUtram, bhASAnuvAda paM0 khUbacandrajI, zrImadrarAjacandra Azrama, agAsa 1932, pR063. 36. sanmatiprakaraNa, prathama kANDa tathA tRtIya kANDa / 37. titthayara vayaNa saMgraha-visesa patthAramUlavAgaraNI / davvaDio ya pajjavaNao ya sesA vikappA siM // sanmatiprakaraNa- 1.3. 38. sanmatiprakaraNa- 1.4 5. 39. jaha ee taha aNNe patteyaM dugNayA gayA savve / haMdi hu mUlaNayANaM paNNavaNe vAvaDA te vi // sanmatiprakaraNa- 1.15. 40. sanmatiprakaraNa- 1.22-28. 41. bhaddaM micchAdaMsaNasamUhamaiyassa amysaarss| jiNavayaNassa bhagavao saMviggasuhAhigammassa | sanmatiprakaraNa- 3.69.
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jitendra bI. zAha Nirgrantha 42. arhatpraNIta naigamAdi pratyeka zata saMkhya prabhedAtmaka saptanayazatAra nayacakrAdhyayanAnusAriSu / nayacakra-vRtti, pR0 886 . ekkekko ya sata vidho. (Ava0ni0759)..... ti tasya zatabhedasya sapta naya zatAra nyckre| nayacakra-vRtti, mAilla dhavala, saM0 paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 1971, pR0 789. 43. jAvaiyA vayaNavahA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti NayavAyA / jAvaiyA NayavAyA tAvaiyA ceva para samayA / / sanmatiprakaraNa- 3.47. 44. jAvanto vayaNapahA tAvanto vA nayA visddaao| te ceva ya parasamayA sammattaM samudiyA savve / / vizeSAvazyakabhASya, svopajJavRtti sahita, saM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda-9, prathama saMskaraNa, 1968, dvitIya bhAga-2736, pR0 527. 45. tayorbhagA:- 1 vidhiH, 2 vidhi-vidhiH, 3 vidhervidhi-niyamam, 4 vidherniyamaH, 5 vidhi-niyamam, 6 vidhi-niyamasya vidhiH, 7 vidhiniyamasya vidhiniyamam, 8 vidhiniyamasya niyamaH, 9 niyamaH,10, niyamasya vidhiH, 11 niyamasya vidhiniyamam, 12 niyamasya niymH| dvAdazAra-nayacakra, pR0 10. 46. tatra vidhibhaGgAzcatvAra AdyA ubhayabhaGgA madhyamAzcatvAro niyamabhaGgAzcatvAraH pAzcAtyA yathAsaMkhyaM nityapratijJAH, nityAnityapratijJAH anityapratijJAzca / dvAdazAra-nayacakra-vRtti, pR0 877.