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________________ mahAkavi samayasuMdara aura unakA chattIsI - sAhitya rAjasthAna meM aka kahAvata hai- 'samayasuMdara - rA gItar3A, kuMbhe rANe-rA bhIMtar3A' arthAt jisa prakAra mahArANA kuMbhA dvArA banavAye huye saMpUrNa makAnoM, maMdiroM, staMbhoM aura zilAlekhoM Adi kA pAra pAnA atyaMta kaThina hai usI prakAra samayasuMdarajI viracita samasta gItoM kA patA lagAnA bhI duSkara kRtya hai; unake gIta aparimita haiM / yaha mahAkavi samayasuMdara 17 vIM zatAbdI ke labdhapratiSTha rAjasthAnI jaina kavi hu haiM / unakA janma poravAla jAtIya pitA zrI rUpasiMha zraura mAtA lIlAdevI ke yahA~ anumAnataH saMvat 1610 meM sAMcora ( satyapura) meM huA / bAlyAvasthA meM hI unhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kara kramaza: mahopAdhyAya-pada prApta kiyA / madhura svabhAvI mahAkavi apanI apratima vidvattA aura anUThe vyaktitva se apane jIvana kAla meM hI prazaMsita ho cuke the / unhoMne bhArata ke aneka pradezoM kA bhramaNa karake apanI nAnAvidha racanAoM aura sadupadezoM dvArA tatrastha janasamudAya ko kalyANapatha kI ora agrasara kiyA / saubhAgyavaza mahAkavi ne dIrghAyu prApta kI thI / saM0 1703 meM unhoMne caitra zuklA trayodazI ke dina ahamadAbAda meM samAdhipUrvaka nazvara deha ko tyAgakara svarga kI ora prasthAna kiyA / apanI isa dIrghAyu meM mahAkavi ne saMskRta, prAkRta aura rAjasthAnI kI aneka racanAoM kIM / 'inakI yogyatA zraMvaM bahumukhI pratibhA ke saMbaMdha meM vizeSa na kahakara yaha kaheM to koI atyukti na hogI ki kalikAla sarvajJa hemacaMdrAcArya ke pazcAt pratyeka viSayoM meM maulika sarjanakAra vaM TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM vipula sAhitya kA nirmAtA ( mahAkavi samayasu dara ke atirikta) anya koI zAyada hI huA ho !' ' 'sItArAma caupaI' nAmaka vRhatkAya jaina rAmAyaNa mahAkavi kI pratinidhi racanA hai| unake aparimita gIta bhI bar3e mahattvapUrNa haiM / mahAkavi ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta jAnakArI avaM unakI laghu racanAoM ke rasAsvAdana ke liye zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA aura bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA saMpAdita 'samayasuMdara - kRti - kusumAMjali' dRSTavya hai / yahAM prastuta hai mahAkavi ke chattIsI - sAhitya kA saMkSipta paricaya | chattIsI muktaka racanAoM kA aka prakAra hai 'chattIsI' / asI racanA jisameM chattIsa padya hoM, chattIsI kahalAtI hai / isameM chaMda koI bhI sakatA hai, para usake saMpUrNa padyoM kA usI chaMda meM honA Avazyaka hai / kahIM-kahIM chattIsa ke sthAna para saiMtIsa padya bhI dekhane ko milate haiM, paraMtu vahAM saiMtIsavAM padya racanA ke viSaya se thor3A bhinna aura usakA upasaMhAra - sUcaka hotA hai / isI prakAra ina chattIsiyoM kA viSaya koI bhI ho sakatA hai, para varNanAtmakatA aura zropadezikatA kI inameM pradhAnatA pAyI jAtI hai / 1. mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara : 'samayasuMdara kRti kusumAMjali' gata nibaMdha 'mahopAdhyAya samayasudara' pRSTha 1. (prakAzaka - nAhaTA bradarsa, 4 jagamohana mallika lena, kalakattA-7 ).
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________________ 326 ] mahAkavi samayasuMdara viracita sAta chattIsiyAM upalabdha haiM jo isa prakAra haiM 1. satyAsIyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI 2. prastAva savaiyA chattIsI 3. kSamA chattIsI 4. karma chattIsI 5. puNya chattIsI 6. saMtoSa chattIsI aura 7. prAloyaraNA chattIsI / (1) satyAsiyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI prastuta chattIsI kI racanA mahAkavi ne vi0 saM0 1687-88 meM gujarAta meM kii| Rddhi-siddhi se sarvathA saMpanna gujarAta pradeza meM vi0 sa0 1657 meM bar3A bhayaMkara duSkAla pdd'aa| barasAta kA nAmonizAna na thaa| panaghora paTAyeM pira ghumar3akara bhAtI aura kRSaka samudAya ko cir3hAkara gAyaba ho jAtI thiiN| kheta sUkhe par3e the / pAnI ke abhAva meM logoM meM khalabalI maca gaI / ' khAne kI samasyA vikaTa rUpa meM A pahu~cI / pazunoM ko to kucha 'zoM meM, ghAsa pAsa ke nagaroM kI sImAoM para jahAM thor3I-bahuta varSA huI thI, carane ke li bheja diyA gayA, paraMtu logoM ko apane hI bhojana kI vyavasthA karanA muzkila ho gayA / khAdya sAmagrI ke liye paraspara lUTa-mAra hone lagI mahaMgAI kA pAra na rhaa| prajAvatsala narezoM ne apanI janatA ke liye saste anAja kI vyavasthA kI bhI to lobhI hAkimoM ne apane pAsa jamAkara use mahaMge mola becanA prAraMbha kara diyA thaa| 2 " sI sthiti meM logoM ko prAthA pAva anna taka milanA bhI durlabha ho gyaa| mAna tyAgakara bhIkha mAMgane se bhI logoM kA peTa nahIM bharatA thA / vRkSoM ke pate kAMTI (pAsa vizeSa) aura chAleM jAne kI bhI naubata aaii| jUThana khAnA-pInA to sAmAnya bAta ho gaI thI / 3 1 satyanArAyaNa svAmI prema. pre. prema aura mamatva nAma kI koI cIja usa samaya nahIM raha gaI thii| pati patni ko beTA bApa ko, bahana bhAI ko, bhAI bahana ko chor3a-chor3akara paradeza ko bhAgane lage / parivAra kA sambandha anna prema ke Age gauNa ho gayA / apane grAtmaja, AMkhoM ke tAre pyAre putra ko becanA pitA ke lie raMcamAtra bhI duSkara nahIM thA / 1. ghaTA karI ghanaghora, piraNa vUTho nahIM pApI / khalaka loga saha labhalyA, jIvaI kima jalabAhirA; 'samayasudara' kahai satyAsIyA, te RtUta sahU tAharA |3|| ( samayasu dara kRti kusumAMjali, pR0 501 ) 2. bhalA huMtA bhUSAla, pitA jima pRthvI pAlai nagara loga naranArI, neha suM najari nihAlai / hAkima nai to lobha, dhAna te pote dhArada mahA muMhagA kari mola, dekhi becai darabArai / / ( samayasu dara kRti kusumAMjali, chaMda 6, pR0 502 ) 3. pra pA na lahai mana, malA nara thayA bhikhArI; mUkI dIghau mAna, peTa pie bharai na bhArI / pamADIyAnA pAna ke bagarI naI kAMTI; khAve sejar3a choDa, zAlisa savalA vaaNttii| annarUNa curaNai iThi meM, pIyai iThi pusalI marI / samayasuMdara kahai satyAsIyA, aha avasthA tai karI / / 8 / / (sa. kR. ku. pR0 503 )
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________________ samayasundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya [ 327 yatiyoM ko apanA paMtha bar3hAne kA suvasara mila gyaa| loga patha-vicalita hone lage / dhaMdhA uThane se dharma aura dhairya kI jar3eM khisaka utthiiN| zrAvakoM ne sAdhunoM kI sAra-sa~bhAla chor3a dI / ziSyoM ne bhUkha se bAdhita ho udarapUrti ke liye guruyoM ko hI patra-pustakeM, vastra pAtrAdi becane ke lie vivaza kiyaa|" dharma-dhyAna bhI lupta hone laga gayA thaa| bhUkha ke mAre bhagavAna kA bhajana kise bhAtA hai / logoM ne mandiroM meM darzana karane jAnA chor3a diyaa| ziSya ne zAstrAdhyayana banda kara diyaa| guruvaMdana kI to paraMparA hI uTha gaI / gacchoM meM vyAkhyAna paraMparA maMda par3a gii| logoM kI buddhi meM phera yathA gayA thaa| aneka lakSAdhIza sAhUkAroM kI sahAyatA ke uparAMta usa 'bhukhamarI' meM aneka manuSya bemauta mare / unakI athiyA~ uThAne vAle hI nahIM mila rahe the / gharoM meM hAhAkAra maca rahA thA aura galiyoM tathA sar3akoM para zavoM kI durgaMdha vyApta thii| aneka sUri-gapatiyoM ko bhI hatyAre kAla ne apane gAla meM le liyA / svayaM kavi para bhI isa prabala duSkAla ke kaI tamAce par3e / pauSTika bhojana ke abhAva meM usakI kAyA kRza ho gii| upavAsoM se rahI-sahI zakti bhI calI gii| dharmadhyAna aura guruguNagAna hI usake jIvanapatha kA saMbala raha gayA thaa| ghaMse bhISaNa akAla ke samaya yadyapi ziSyoM ne kavi kI kama hI sAra-saMbhAla lI, kiMtu anya aneka dhAvakoM dhaura sevApratiyoM ne yathAsAmarthyaM sAdhuoM aura bhikhAriyoM Adi ke bhojana kI vyavasthA kI jinameM pramukha the-- sAgara, karamasI, ratana, bakharAja, Udo jIvA, sukhiyA vIrajI, hAthIzAha, zAha lahUkA, tilokasI prAdi / zrahamadAbAda meM pratApasI zAha kI prola meM roTI aura bAkalA bAMTane kI vyavasthA 1. dukhI yathA darasaNI, bhUkha ghAdhI na khamAvai cele kIdhI cAla, pUjya parigraha para chAMDau 2. paDikamaraNau posAla kararaNa ko zrAvaka nAvada deharA sagalA dITha, gIta gaMdharva na gAvai / ziSya bharaNai nahIM zAstra, mukha bhUkhai maMca koDa Da; guruvaMdara gai rIti, chatI prIta mAraNasa choDai / bakhANa khANa mAThA paDyA, gaccha caurAsI ehI gati; 'samayasuMdara' kaha satyAsIyA, kAi dodhI taI e kumati / / 15 / / ( sa. su. kR. ku. pR0 505 ) 3. mUtrA ghaNA manuSya, rAMka galIe raDavaDiyA; sojo valvaDa sarIra, pachas pAja mAMhe paDiyA zrAvaka na karI sAra khirA dhIraja kima bhAyada / pustaka pAnA beci, jima tima samhana jIvAMDara || ( sa. kR. ku. chaMda 13, pRSTha 505 ) kAlai kavaraNa valAi kuraNa upADai kihAM kAThI; tAMNI nAkhyA teha, mAMDi yaha sabalI mAThI , duragaMdhi dazodizi kalI, mADA pADyA dIsaha mUsA / samayasu dara kahai satyAsIyA, kiraNa ghari na paDyA kUkuprA / / 17 / / ( sa. kR. ku. pR0 506 ) 4 pachi zrAvyau mo pAsi tu zrAvatau maI dIThau; durabala kIdhI deha, ma kari kA bhojana mIThau / dUdha dahI ghRta ghola, nipaTa jImiyA na dIghA / zarIra gamADi zakti, kaI laMghana pariNa kodhA / dharma dhyAna adhikA dharyA, gurudatta gurArAu pi guNya; samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, tu ne hAka mArinai maI hRNyau || 12|| (sa. ku. ku. pR0 507 )
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________________ 328 ] satyanArAyaNa svAmI prema.gre. kI gaI thii|' kavi ne likhA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAla se lekara aba taka tIna dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla par3e the kiMtu jaisA saMhAra usa varSa ke akAla meM huA, vaisA pUrva ke una laMbe akAloM meM bhI nahIM huA / 2 aura isa satyAnAzI 'satyAsIye' kA zamana kiyA 'aThyAsIyA' (vi0 saM0 1688 ke varSa) ne / varSa ke AraMbha meM hI khUba joroM kI varSA huI / dharatI dhAna se harI-bharI ho utthii| logoM meM dhairya kA saMcAra huaa| khAdya padArtha saste ho gaye / logoM kA ullAsa lahareM lene lgaa| 'marI' aura 'mAMdagI' (mahAmArI) muha mor3a cale / hAM sAdhuoM kI dazA abhI taka citanIya thii| dhIre-dhIre unakI bhI sevA aura Adara kI ora dhyAna diyA gyaa| isa prakAra gujarAta meM punaH prAnanda kA sAmrAjya ho gayA ! bar3I sundara aura sarasa zailI tathA sarala bhASA meM likhita ina muktakoM meM kavi ne khulakara apanI bhAvukatA-sahRdayatA kA paricaya diyA hai / jahA~ aMka mora vaha tatkAlIna prajA kI dayanIya sthiti kA citraNa karatA hai, vahAM dUsarI ora vaha usa duSkAla ko jamakara gAliyAM bhI nikAlatA hai / akAla ke prati kI gaI ina kaTUktiyoM meM kavi kI kalAtmakatA to jhalakatI hI hai, mAnavatA ke prati usakA agAdha sneha bhI inameM parilakSita hotA hai| aura saca to yaha hai ki isa sneha bhAvanA ke kAraNa hI usakI ina uktiyoM kA udubhava huA hai 1. samayasudara kahai sattyAsIyau, paDyo ajANyau pApIyau / / 2 / / 2. dohilau daMDa mAthai karI, bhIkha maMgAvi bhiildd'aa| samayasUdara kahai sattyAsIyA, thAro kAlo muha paga niildd'aa||5|| 3. kUkIyA gharAM zrAvaka kitA, tadi dIkSA lAbha dekhADIyA / samayasudara kahai sattyAsIyA, taiM kuTuMba bichoDA pADIyA // 10 // siradAra ghaNerA saMhA, gItAratha giNatI nhiiN| samayasudara kahai sattyAsIyA, tu hatiyArau sAlo sahI / / 18 / / 5. darasaNI sahUnai anna dyaI, thirAdare thobhI liyA / samayasudara kahai sattyAsIyA. tihA~ tu nai dhakkA diyA / / 25 / / 6. samayasudara kahai satyAsIyau, tu paraho jA hiva pApIyA // 28 / / rasoM meM karuNa aura alaMkAroM meM anuprAsa kI pradhAnatA hai| chaMda sarvayA hai| gujarAtI mizrita 1. sa. kR. ku. chaMda 21-23, pR0 507-8, 2. mahAvIra thI mAMDI, paDyA triNa belA pApI; bAra baraSI duHkAla, loka lIdhA, saMtApI pariNa prekalai preka taI te kIyau, syubAra varasI bApar3A; samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, bArai loke na lahyA lAkar3A / / 26 / / (sa. kR. ku. pR0 506) maragI naI madavADi, gayA gujarAta thI nIsari; gayau soga saMtApa, ghaNo harakha huyau ghari ghari / gorI gAvai gIta, valI vivAha maMDANA., lADU khAjA loka, khAyai thAlI bhara bhAMraNA // zAli dAli ghRta ghola su, bhalA peTa kAThA bharyA / samayasundara kahai adhyAsIyA, sAdha tau aje na sAMbhoM // 33 // (sa. kR. ku. pR0511)
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________________ samayasundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya sarala aura muhAvaredAra rAjasthAnI hai / isa prakAra mahAkavi ne gujarAta ke usa bhISaraNa duSkAla kA prAMkhoM dekhA hAla apanI isa chattIsI meM varNana kiyA hai jo romAMcakArI to hai hI, pratyakSadarzI dvArA variMgata hone ke kAraNa aMtihAsika dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / (2) prastAva sarvayA chattIsI isa racanA meM vividha viSayoM para prastAvanA ke rUpa meM ( prAstAvika ) kahe gaye 37 upadezAtmaka savaiye haiM jinakI racanA 1 kavi ne saM0 1660 meM khaMbhAta meM kI / varNya - viSaya sapUrNa kRti meM Izvara, manaH zuddhi, saMsAra ke prati anAsakti, dharmakRtyoM kI mahattA, duSkRtyoM ke duSpariNAmoM Adi viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| Izvara - sAkSAtkAra ke viSaya meM kavi kahatA hai-saba koI paramezvara paramezvara cillAte haiM kiMtu unheM dekha to viralA hI pAtA hai| sacamuca vaha koI yogIzvara hI hotA hai jise paramezvara ke darzana hote haiM'samayasuMdara' kahada je jogIsara, paramesara dIThau chai tirai // 1 // usa paramezvara ko koI Izvara kahatA hai to koI veda-vidhAyaka brahmA, koI use kRSNa ke rUpa meM mAnatA hai to koI allAha ke rUpa meM aura koI use hI sRSTi kA karttA, pAlaka aura saMhartA mAnatA hai / kiMtu kavi kI mAnyatA hai ki paramezvara kI mahAnatA kI thAha pAnA kisI ke vaza kI bAta nahIM, vaha (kavi ) to mAtra 'karma' ko hI 'karttA' rUpa meM jAnatA hai 'samayasu dara kahai huM to mAnu, karama eka karatA dhU [ 329 dharma kI upayogitA kI vyAkhyA kavi ne isa prakAra kI hai-yajJa tathA paMcAgni prAdi kI kaThina sAvanAyeM karake koI yaha mAna baiThe ki hama mukta ho jAyeMge so asI bAta nahIM / saba dharmoM kA mUla tattva haidayA / jo vyakti zAstrokta dayA-dharma kA pAlana karatA hai use hI jaina-dharma durAcAroM ke garta meM girane se bacAtA hai / ataH muktikAmI ko nissaMkoca ho prasthApUrvaka dharmakRtya karane cAhiye kyoMki inake prabhAva meM kiyA gayA dharmakRtya niSphala hotA hai majhAri; 1. saMvata solaneuyA vararSe zrI khaMbhAita nayara kIyA savAyA khyAla vinodai mukha maMDaraNa zravaNe sukhakAri / (sa0 kR0 ku0 pR0 522, chaMda 37 ). veda' ||2|| saMkA kekhA sAMsau ma karau kiyau gharama sahu ghUDi milai / . X X X X samayasuMdara kahai prAstA prAMNI dharma karma kIjai te phalai // 10 // dharma ke saMbaMdha meM kavi ne dUsarI bAta bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa batalAI hai aura vaha yaha ki kisI bhI gacchavAda ke jhaMjhaTa meM na pha~sakara muktikAmI ko kevala mana ko nirmala banAne kA prayAsa karanA cAhiye /
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________________ 330 ] satyanArAyaNasvAmI prema. pra. usake binA, cAhe kitanA hI mUDa muDAmo, jaTA baDAmo, nagna raho, paMcAgni sAdhanA karake aura kAzI meM karavata lekara kaSTa saho, bhasmI lagAkara bhikSA mAMgo, mauna dhAraNa karo cAhe kRSNa nAma japo, mukti prApta / karanA sarvathA durlabha hai kolo karAvau muDa muDAvau, jaTA dharau ko nagana rahau / ko tappa tapau pacAgani sAdhau kAsI karavata kaSTa sahau / ko bhikSA mAMgau bhasma lagAvau mauna rahau bhAvai kRSNa kahau; samayasudara kahai mana suddhi pAkhai, mugati sukha kimahI na lahau / / 16 / / isI prakAra binA dharmakRtyoM ke nara kI saMpUrNa mAna-pratiSThA aura nArI kA saMpUrNa sAja-zRgAra bho nissAra hai mastiki mugaTa chatra naI cAmara baIsaTha siMhAsana naroki; pAraNa dAMNa baratAvai apaNI Aja namai nara nArI loka / rAjariddhi ramaNI ghari parighala je joyai te sagalA thoka / pariNa samayasudara kahai jau dhrama na karai, tau te pAmyUsagaluphoka / / 20 / / sIsaphUla sa mathau nakaphUlI, kAnaI kuDala hIyai hAra / bhAlai tilaka bhalI kaTi mekhala bAMhai cUr3i puNachiyA sAra / / divya rUpa dekhatI apachara, pagi neura jhAMjhara jhaNakAra / pariNa samayasudara kahai jau dhrama na karai, tau bhAra bhUta sagalau siNagAra // 21 / / isaline mAMsa-bhakSaNa, madirApAna, vijayA-sevana, corI, asatya bhASaNa, paradAra-rati Adi samasta narka ke dvAroM se vimukha hokara mumukSu ko avilaMba dharma-sAdhanA meM laga jAnA cAhine kyoMki yaha AyuSya pala pratipala bItA jA rahA hai aura bItA huA samaya kisI bhI prakAra se hAtha nahIM pA sakatA / saMsAra-sukha ke viSaya meM bhI kavi kA dRSTikoNa spaSTa hai| usake anusAra saMsAra meM Aja saccA sukhI koI nhiiN| yahAM koI vidhura hai to koI nissaMtAna, kaiyoM ke pAsa khAne ko anna nahIM hai to kaI rogAkrAMta aura zokAviSTa haiN| kahIM vidhavAoM chAtI pITatI dRSTigata hotI haiM to kahIM virahiNiyAM chatoM para khar3I kAga ur3AtI haiN| sabako kisI na kisI prakAra kA duHkha hai hii| ye saba dukha manuSya ko apane pUrvakRta karmoM ke kAraNa bhogane hote haiM / - karma kI gati bhI bar3I vicitra hai| mahAna vyaktiyoM ko bhI karmoM ke phala to bhogane hI par3ate haiM cAhe ve sat hoM athavA asat / isa karmabaMdhana ke kAraNa hI mahAvIra ke kAnoM meM kIleM gAr3I gaI, rAjA harizacaMdra ko cAMDAla ke ghara pAnI bharanA par3A / rAma-lakSmaNa ko vanavAsa kI kaThora yAtanAyeM sahanI par3I tathA rAvaNa jaise mahAna parAkramI ko svarNamaMDita lakA aura laMkA hI kyoM, prANoM taka se hAtha dhonA par3A
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________________ samayasundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya mahAvIra naI kAne khIlA, govAlie ThokyA kahivAya, dvArikA dAha pAMNI sira prAMNyaDa, caMDAla naI ghari harizcaMda rAya / lakhamaNa rAma pAMDava vanavAsi, rAvaNa badha lakA lU TAya, samayasundara kahai kahau te kahUM pariNa, karama taraNI gati kahI na jAya / / 28 / / isa karma pradhAnatA kA greka aura pahalU bhI kavi ne hamAre sammukha upasthita kiyA hai / karmoM (bhAgya) dvArA hI sabako duHkha sukha bhogane hote haiM, yaha mAnakara kisI ko hAtha para hAtha rakhakara baiTha bhI nahIM jAnA caahiye| anavarata udyama kA bhI apanA viziSTa mahattva hai| kavivara ina donoM ko mAnyatA pradAna karate haiM bakhata mAMhi likhyau te lahisyai, nizcaya bAta huyai huraNahAra, eka kahaI kAchar3a bAMdhIna iM udyama kIjai aneka prakAra | nIlaNa karamA vAda karaMtA ima samayasundara kahai baiMka bhagar3au bhAgaDha pahutau darabAri / kahai beU mAnauM, nizcaya mAraga naI vyavahAra ||26| karma aura udyama kI vyAkhyA ke bAda kavi ne lokavyavahAra ke saMbaMdha meM bhI kucha bAteM batalAI haiN| lokavyavahAra meM AdamI ko bar3A satarka rahanA caahiye| paraniMdA aura AtmaprazaMsA se vilaga hokara sadaiva apane prApako tuccha avaM dUsaroM ko mahAna mAnanA caahiyeN| vastutaH dUsaroM kI niMdA karane meM rakhA hI kyA hai ? saba apane-apane karmoM kA phala to bhoga hI lete haiN| para niMdaka ko koI pUchatA taka nahIM, usakI ginatI cAMDAloM meM kI jAtI hai| jinakA sparza taka karane meM loga ghRNA kA anubhava karate haiM / ase vyaktiyoM ko narka kI kaThora yAtanAyeM sahanI par3atI hai- apaNI karaNI pAra utaraNI pAra kI bAta maI ko par3au, pUThi mAMsa khAlau paraniMdA lokAM setI kAMda lar3au / lar3au (nidA ma kara koi kehanI tAta parAI maiMmata par3au ) nidaka nara caMDAla sarIkhau ehanaI mata koI Abhar3au samayasundara kahadda niMdaka nara naI naraka mAMhi vAjisya daDau / / 33 / / [ 331 paraniMdA aura mithyA bhASaNa- ina donoM se dUra raha isa saMsAra ko asAra mAnakara paMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate huye jo loga japa tapa aura utkRSTI kriyA karate haiM, nissaMdeha unhIM virala vyaktiyoM ko sacce jina dharmopAsaka kahA jA sakatA hai| aMta meM kavi jaina dharma kI mahAnatA ko svIkAra karatA huA yaha kAmanA karatA hai ki isa janma ke bAda Age bhI vaha kisI jaina-dharmAvalaMbI ke yahAM hI utpanna ho sAca eka dharama bhagavaMta nau duragati par3atAM dyai AdhAra / samayasundara kahada jaina carama jihAM tahAM haijyo mAha avatAra ||37||
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________________ 332 ] (3) kSamA chattIsI prastuta chattIsI meM pUre chattIsa padya haiM jo nAgora, 1 meM likhe gaye / kSamA kA mahatva aura krodha ke duSpariNAmoM kA pradarzana karanA hI isameM kavi kA pramukha uddezya rahA hai| prArambha meM hI kavi apane jIva ko samajhatA hai varNya viSaya apane isI kathana ( kRti ke pramukha uddezya) ko aura spaSTa karane ke liye kavi ne yahAM aneka se prasiddha mahAna puruSoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai jinhoMne kSamA guga ke dvArA apanA uddhAra kiyA aura aneka aise duSTAtmAoM kI garhaNA bhI kI hai jinhoMne krodha ke vazIbhUta ho aneka duSkRtya kiye aura aMtataH pApa ke bhAgI hu / inake nAma isa prakAra haiM- somala sasura aura gajasukumAla, koNika aura vezyA, svarNakAra aura metArya RSi, khaMghakasUri ke ziSya, sukozala sAdhu, brahmadatta, caMDarudra, sAgaracaMda, caMdanA, mRgAvatI, sAMbapradyumana, bharata - bAhubalI, prasannacaMdra RSi, sthUlibhadra prAdi / do-tIna prasaMga isa prakAra hai: - zrAdara jIva kSamA guNa Adara, ma kari rAga nai dveSa jI / samatA ye ziva sukha pAmIje, krodhe kugati vizeSa jI // 1 // dhyAnavasthita gajasukumAla ke cAroM ora miTTI kI pAla bAMdhakara usake sasura somala ne agni dvArA usakA sira jalA diyA thA kiMtu gajasukumAla hilA taka nahIM aura aMta meM isa kSamA ke pariNAmasvarUpa mRtyUparAMta use mukti kI prApti huI somala sasare sIsa prajAtyau, gaja sukumAla kSamA mana gharatau, satyanArAyaNa svAmI prema. o. 1. kSamAmUrti mRgAvatI para usakI gurunI caMdanA ne usake bhagavAna ke darzaraNa karake rAtri meM jarA dera se Ane ke kAraNa krodha kiyA thA, usakI bhartsanA kI thI kiMtu mRgAvatI ne binA Tasa se masa huye saba kucha sahana kara liyA / isI kSamAzIlatA ke prabhAva se mRgAvatI ko kevala jJAna huA aura tadanaMtara mokSaprApti bhI / bAMdhI mATInI pAla jI / mugati gayau tatkAla jI // 4 // krodhAveza meM kSamA jAdU kA sA prabhAva lA detI hai yaha bharata aura bAhubalI ke caritra se bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai / kiMtu jo krodhapUrvaka hI apanA jIvana vyatIta karatA hai usake pUrvasaMcita zubha karmoM kA hrAsa hone lagatA hai / muni sthUlabhadra ne zreka cAturmAsa meM kozyA ko dIkSita kiyA jisase unake guru ne unheM tIna bAra dhanyavAda diyA jaba ki anya ziSyoM ko zra eka hI bAra / isase ke ziSya ko, jisane ukta cAturmAsa ka siMha kI guphA para bitAyA thA, sthUlibhadra para krodha A gayA / usane bhI vizeSa dhanyavAda pAne kI nagara mAMhi nAgora nagInau, jihAM jinavara zrAvaka loga vasai ati sukhiyA, dharma tarAi kSamA chatIsI khAMte kIvI, AtmA para sAMbhalatAM zrAvaka paNa samasyA, upasama dharyau ( sa. kR. ku. pR0 526 ) prAsAda jI / parasAda jI ||34|| upagAra jI / apAra jI / / 35 / /
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________________ samayasundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya [ 333 kAmanA se agale cAturmAsa para kozyA vezyA ke yahAM rahane kI guru se anumati cAhI / Adeza milane para vaha vahAM gayA, kiMtu pUrvokta krodha ke kAraNa vaha saMyama-patha se vicalita ho gayA aura cAturmAsa ke bIca meM hI use kozyA ko prasanna karane ke lie ratnakaMbala lAne ke liye nepAla jAnA par3A siMha guphA vAsI RSi kIghau, thUlibhadra Upara kopa jii| vezyA vacane gayau nepAle, kIghau saMjama lopa jI / / 28 / / halAhala viSa prANI ko aka hI bAra mAratA hai kiMtu krodha usase bhI adhika baliSTha hai| aneka bAra kiyA gayA krodha utanI hI bAra prANI ko mRtakavat banA detA hai| krodhAvasthA meM kiye japa, tapa Adi sukRtya kisI bhI kAma ke nahIM rahate aura vaise krodha se lAbha bhI to kucha nahIM hotaa| krodhI svayaM usa kopAgni meM jalatA hai aura dUsaroM ko bhI jalAtA hai viSa halAhala kahiyai viruyau, te mArai ika vAra jii| paNa kaSAya anaMtI velA, Apai maraNa apAra jI // 31 // krodha karatA tapa japa kIdhA, na par3aI kAMi ThAma jii| pApa tape para naI saMtApai, krodha sakeho kAma jI // 32 // aMta meM kavi kSamA-guraNa para rIjha kara usakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karatA dRSTigata hotA hai kSamA karaMtA kharaca na lAgai, bhAMge kor3a kalesa jii| arihaMta deva ArAdhaka thAvai, vyApai suyaza pradeza jI // 33 // (4) karma chattIso ___ isa chattIsI meM bhI kula chattIsa padya haiM jinakI racanA mulatAna nagara meM saM0 1668 ke mArgazIrSa zuklA 6 ke dina huii| varNya viSaya isa racanA meM kavi ne karma kI sabalatA kA ullekha kiyA hai| pratyeka jIvadhArI karmoM ke vazIbhUta hai| binA karmoM ke phala ko bhoge koI bhI unase vimukta nahIM ho sakatA / atulabalI tIrtha kara aura cakravartI tathA vAsudeva-prativAsudevoM taka ko karma apane caMgala meM phaMsAye rakhate haiN| ___ kRti meM kavi ne una paurANika mahAna AtmAnoM kI nAmAvalI dI hai jinheM ki karma kI kaThora viDaMbanA sahanI par3I thI / pramukha nAma isa prakAra haiM-bhagavAna Adizvara, mallinAtha tIrtha kara,4 bhagavAna 1. sakalacaMda sadaguru supasAye solaha sai ar3asaThTha jI / karama chattIsI e maI kadhI, mAha taraNI sudI chaThTha jI // 35 / / --karma chattIsI (sa. kR.kR. pR0533) 2. karmathI ko chUTai nahIM prANI, karma sabala dUkha khANajI / / karma taNai vasa jIva paDyA sahu, karma karai te pramANa jI // 1 // tIrtha kara cakravatti apula bala, vAsudeva baladeva jI / te pariNa karma viTaMbyA kahiye, karma sabala nitameva jI / / 2 / / mallinAtha tItha kara lAghau, strI taNau avatAra jii| tapa karatAM mAyA tiNa kIdhI, karame na giraNI kAra jI // 6 //
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________________ 334 ] satyanArAyaNa svAmI prema. pra. mahAvIra, sagara rAjA, brahmadatta, sanatkumAra, kRSNa, 1 rAvaNa,2 rAma, kaMDarIka, koriNaka, muja,4 DhaMDharaNa RSi,5 selaga prAcArya, naMdiSeNa, sukumAlikA Adi aneka satiyAM ityAdi ityAdi / aMta meM se kliSTa karmoM ke kleza se bacane ke liye kavivara ne isa chattIsI kA zravaNa karanA aura dharmakRtyoM kA sevana karanA hitakara batalAyA hai| karama chattIsI kAne suriNa nai, karajo vrata paccakhANa jii| samayasudara kahaI siva sukha lahisyau, dharma taNo paramANa jI / / 36 / / (5) puNya chattIsI prastuta chattIsI kI racanA mahAkavi ne saMvat 1666 meM siddhapura meM kii|6| racanA meM kula 36 padya haiM jinameM puNyakRtyoM kA mAhAtmya pradarzita hai| racanA ke mAdhyama se kavi samAja meM puNya-kRtyoM kA pracAra-prasAra karatA dRSTigata hotA hai / kavi kA yaha uddezya kRti ke prathama padya meM spaSTa rUpa se parilakSita hai puNya taNA phala paratikha dekho, karo puNya sahu koya jii| puNya karatAM pApa pulAve, jIva sukhI jaga hoya jI / / 1 / / varNya-viSaya arihaMta deva dvArA nirUpita puNya ke nimnAMkita rUpoM kA ullekha karake kavi ne una aneka puNyAtmAoM kA apanI kRti meM nAma-nirdeza kiyA hai jinhoMne puNyakRtyoM ke saMyoga se apAra AnaMda, Rddhi-samRddhi aura mokSa kI prApti kI-abhayadAna, anukaMpAdAna, sAdhu-zrAvakoM kA dharmapAlana, tIrthayAtrA karanA, zIlasaMyama kA pAlana aura japa-tapa tathA dhyAna dhAraNa karanA; niyama pUrvaka sAmAyika, pauSadha, pratikramaNa evaM deva pUjana tathA guru sevA karanA Adi / kRSNe koNa avasthA pAmI, dIThau dvArikA dAha jii| mAtA pitA paNa kADhI na sakyA, pApa rAu vana mAha jI / / 12 / / rANau rAvaNa sabala kahAto, nava graha kIghau dAsa jI / lakSmaNa laMkA gar3ha lUTAyo, dasa sira chedyA tAsa jI // 13 / / dasaratha rAya diyo dezavaTau, rAma rahyau vanavAsa jI / vali viyoga paDyau sItAnau, AThe pahara udAsa jI / / 14 / / lubdho muja mRgAlavatI sU, ujjenI nau rAva jii| bhIkha maMgAvI sUlI dIghau, karNATa rAya kahAya jI / / 18 / / kRSNa pitA nara guru nemIzvara, dvArikA Rddhi samRddhi jii| DhaMDharaNa RSi tihAM pAhAra na pAmai. pUrva karma prasiddha jI // 20 // saMvat nidhi darasaraNa rasa sasihara, sidhapUra nagara majhAra jii| zAMtinAtha suprasAde kIdhI, puNya chattIsI sAra jI / / 35 / / (sa. kR. ku. pR0 540, puNya chattIsI) 7. abhayadAna supAtra anopama, valI anukaMpA dAna jii| sAdhu zrAvaka dharma tIratha yAtrA, zIla dharma tapa dhyAna jI / / sAmAyika poSaha par3ikamaraNo, deva pUjA guru seva jii| puNya taNA e bheda parupyA, arihaMta vItarAga deva jI / / 3 / /
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________________ satyanArAyaNa svAmI prema zre bhagavAna zAMtinAtha ne apane pUrvabhava meM eka kabUtara ko zaraNa meM rakhakara jo puNya kArya kiyA usI ke pariNAmasvarUpa unheM tIrtha kara-sI zreSTha padavI aura apAra Rddhi kI upalabdhi huI / ' caMpaka-zreoSThi ne duSkAla ke avasara para jo dAna diyA usake pUNya se use chiyAnave karor3a svarNa-mudrAoM kI prApti hii|2 Adi tIrtha kara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko selar3I rasa dekara zreyAMsakUmAra bhavamukti pA gaye the|3 inake atirikta mahAkavi ne puNyAcAriyoM kI sAriNI meM inake bhI puNya karmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai-meghakumAra, ayavaMtisukumAla, dhannA sArthavAha, caMdanabAlA, sumukha gAthApati gobhadra seTha, mUladeva, baladeva muni, suvrata sAdhu, sanatkumAra, balabhadra, 4 vastupAla-tejapAla, kuladhvajakumAra, satI subhadrA, dhannA araNagAra, rAvaNa aura zreNika rAjA 5 tathA pradezI 6 Adi / isI prakAra ke anya aneka vivekI jIva puNya ke prabhAva se sukhI ho cuke haiM, haiM aura Age bhI hoNge| (6) saMtoSa chattIsI isa chattIsI kI racanA kavi ne saM0 1684 meM lUNakaraNasara ke cAturmAsa meM kI thii| isameM bhI kula 36 pada haiN| varNya-viSaya __ prastuta kRti meM kavi ne kahA hai-saMpUrNa vaira-virodhoM se vimukta ho pratyeka sahadharmI ko dUsare ke sAtha bar3e prema aura sauhArda ke sAtha vyavahAra karanA caahine| aise vyavahAra ko saMtoSa kahA gayA hai, samatA kahA gayA hai| sAmAyika, pauSadha, pratikramaNa, svAdhyAya aura navakAra-maMtra Adi kI siddhi bhI rAgadveSa vAloM ko nahIM hotI apitu unheM hotI hai jo samatA kA vyavahAra karate haiM, saMtoSapUrvaka rahate haiN| arihaMta deva ne bhI yahI batalAyA hai 1. saraNAgata rAkhyau pArevau, pUrava bhava parasiddha jii| zAMtinAtha tIrtha kara padavI, pAmyA cakravartI riddha jI / / 4 / / 2. caMpaka seTha kIdhI anukapA, dIdhU dAna dukAla jii| koDi channu sonaiyA kerI, vilasai riddhi visAla jI // 15 // 3. uttama pAtra prathama tIrtha kara, zrI zreyAMsa dAtAra jI / selar3I rasa sUdhau baharAyo, pAmyau bhava nau pAra jI / / 6 / / 4. rUpa thakI anaratha dekhI nai, gayo balabhadra vanavAsa jii| tapa saMyama pAlI naI pahuMtau, pAMcamai svarga AvAsa jI // 18 // 5. rANe rAvaNa zreNika rAjA, aracyA arihaMta deva jI / behuM gotra tIrya kara bAMdhyA. suranara karasyai seva jI // 32 // 6. kesI guru sevyau paradesI, sUra upano suripAbha jo / cAra hajAra barasa eka nATaka, Age anaMtA lAbha jI / / 33 / / 7. ima aneka viveka dharaMtAM, jIva sUkhiyA thayA jANa jii| saMprati chai sukhiyA vali thAsya, pUNya taraNa paramAraNa jI / / 34 / / tima saMtoSa chattIsI kIdhI, lUNakaraNasara mAMhi jI / bhela dhayau sAhamI mAMho mAMhi, prANaMda adhika ucchAha jI // 35 / / X
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________________ samaya sundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya sAmAyaka poso paDikamaNo, nita sabhAya navakAra jii| rAga dveSa karatAM sUjhai nahIM, na par3e ThAma lagAra jI / / 26 / / samatA bhAva dharI nai karatAM, saha kiriyA par3e ThAma jI / arihaMta deva kahai ArAdhaka, sIjhai vaMchita kAma jI / / 27 / / aura rAga-dveSa karane vAloM ko narka ke duHkha bhI bhogane par3ate haiN| unakI durgati kA koI pAra nahIM hotaa| sahadharmI kA saMyoga saubhAgya se hI milatA hai / ataH usake sAtha saMtoSapUrvaka rahanA cAhiye / kavi kA kahanA hai sAhamI sU saMtoSa karIjai, vayara virodha nivAra jii| sagapaNa te je sAhamI kerau, catura suNo suvicAra jI / / 1 / / sahadharmI ke sAtha premapUrvaka rahanA, usase apane doSoM ke lie kSamA mAMganA, use hita kI bAta kahanA. usakI hita kI bAta sunanA, ye saba sahadharmI-vAtsalya (samatA. saMtoSa) ke antargata prAtA hai| isa sahadharmI-vAtsalya ko jina mahApuruSoM ne nibhAyA aura jisake kAraNa unheM yaza aura mUkti lAbha hayA, unameM se kaiyoM kA kavi ne apanI kRti meM smaraNa kiyA hai| saMvat sola caurAsI varasai, sara mAMheM rahyA caumAsa jii| jasa sobhAga thayau jaga mAhe, sahu dIdhI sAbAsa jI / / 35 / / vajrajaMgha rAjA arihaMta aura sAdhu ke atirikta kisI ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA karatA thA / apane se bar3e rAjA siMhodara ko bhI vaMdanA karate samaya vaha apanA vrata nahIM bhUlatA thA aura hAtha kI mudrikAgata muni suvrata svAmI kI mUrti ko hI usa samaya namana karatA thA / asA sahadharmI jaba siMhodara ke AkramaNa se prAkrAMta ho rahA thA, bhagavAna rAma ne use sahAyatA dekara apanA sahadharmI-bAtsalya prazita kiyA thaa| ase aneka saMtoSadhaniyoM ke udAharaNa kavi ne diye haiM jinameM se pramukha ye haiM-rAjA udayana aura caMDapradyotana bharata aura bAhubalI, sAgaracandra aura nabhasena, koNika aura ceDA, vijayacora, rukmiNI aura satyabhAmA, kapila brAhmaNa aura rAma-lakSmaNa, mRgAvatI aura caMdanabAlA tathA Ardra kumAra aura abhayakumAra / 1. arihaMta sAdhu binA praName nahIM, vajrajaghA dhrama dhIra jii| siMhodara susaMtoSa karAyo, rAmacaMdra kari bhIra jI / / 8 / / x sihodara pAse divarAyo, rAme prAdhau rAja jI / vajrajaMdhana svAmI jANI nai, sakhara samAsyau kAja jI // 12 //
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________________ satyanArAyaNa svAmI [ 337 (7) pAloyaraNA chattIsI kula 36 padyoM kI prastuta chattIsI kA sRjana mahAkavi ne saMvat 1668 meM ahamadAbAda meM kiyaa|' varNya-viSaya kRti kA pramukha kathya hai-zuddha aMtaHkaraNa se apane kie hue pApoM kI AlocanA karane se arthAt pazcAtApa karane se prANI unake duSpariNAmoM se mukta ho sakatA hai| zuddha hRdaya se kahA gayA 'micchAmi dukkaDaM' aneka pApoM ke palAyana meM samartha hai cAhe vaha kitane hI bhayaMkara aura duSpariNAmaprada kyoM na hoN|2 kiMtu isa micchAmi dukkaDaM' karane ke pazcAt muktikAmI ko usa akRtya ko sadA ke lie na karane kA vrata le lenA caahie| isake sAtha hI kavi ne una kRtyoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai jinake karane se jIva pApa kA bhAgI hotA hai| unameM pramukha haiM- asatya-bhASaNa, corI, paradAragamana aura kisI niraparAdhI kA akAraNa jIvahanana karanA Adi / jo loga mithyA bhASaNa karate haiM athavA kisI ko mithyA kalaMka lagAte haiM unake gale meM galajIbhI jaisA roga ho jAtA hai jisake kAraNa muha Ter3hA ho jAyA karatA hai|4 jIbha ke svAda ke lie mArA gayA prANI bhava-bhava meM apane aparAdha kA badalA letA hai, apane hatyAre ke sAtha yuddha karatA hai aura use mAra DAlatA hai| lagabhaga aisI hI durgati coroM kI hA karatI hai| paradAra-sevana jaise duSkRtyoM ke kSaNika sukha meM masta rahane vAle kAma-kIToM ko narka meM garma kI huI lauha-putalI kA AliMgana karane jaisI aneka yAtanAeM sahanI par3atI haiM parastrI nai bhogavI, tuccha svAda tUM lesi / piNa narake tAtI pUtalI, AliMgana desi // 15 / / ghANI, ghaTTI aokhalI meM kaI bAra asAvadhAnI se choTe-choTe jIvoM kI hatyA ho jAtI hai| yadi unake line kSamApanA (pApAlocanA) nahIM kI jAtI hai to jaise prANI ko narka meM ghANI ke andara pIla diyA jAtA hai (sa. kR. ku. pR0 547) 1. saMvat sola aTThANUe, ahamadapura mAMhi / samayasudara kahai mai karI, AloyaNA ucchAhi // 36 // 2. pApa pAloya tU ApaNAM, siddha prAtama sAkha / pAloyAM pApa Tiyai, bhagavaMta iNi pari bhAkha // 1 // 3. micchAmi dukkaDaM dei nai, pachai leje tU sUsi // 26 // 4. jhUTha bolyA ghaNA jIbhar3I, dIdhA kUr3a kalaMka / galajIbhI thAsya galai, husyai muhar3oM tribaMka // 13 // 5. jIbha nai svAda mAr2yA jike, te mArasyai tujjha / bhava mAMhe bhamatA thakA, thAsya jihAM tihAM jujjha / / 12 / / 6. paradhana coracA lUTiyA, pAyau dhrasakau peTa / bhUkhyo bhami saMsAra mAM, nirdhana thakau neTa // 14 //
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________________ 338 ] samaya sundara aura unakA chattIsI sAhitya ghANI, ghaTTI UMkhale, jIva je pIr3esi / khAmisa tu nahiM tari naraka maI, dhAraNI mAMhi pIlesi // 17 // ataH kavi kahatA hai, isa prakAra ke pApa jisa kisI ne isa bhava athavA para-bhava meM kie hoM vaha una pApoM kA nAma le-lekara kSamA-prArthanA (mAlocanA) karake pazcAtApa kare jisase una pApoM se chuTakArA mila jAya __ iNa bhava parabhava ehavA, kIdhA have je pApa / nAma lei tU khAmaje, karije pachatApa // 34 / / pApAlocana meM na to koI kharca hotA haiM evaM na hI kisI prakAra kA zArIrika zrama hI karanA par3atA hai ataH isameM kamI DhIla nahIM karanI caahie| aAlocanA ke pazcAt mana ko vairAgya kI ora unmukha kara lenA cAhie jisase sahI sukha kI prApti ho sake-- kharaca koI lAgasya nahIM, deha meM nahiM dukha / paNa mana vairAga vAla je, sahI pAmisa sukha / / 35 / / jo loga jIvana bhara apane rAga-dveSoM ke liye kSamApanA nahIM karate, ve anaMta kAla taka bhava-bhramaNa se mukta nahIM ho sakate rAga dveSa khAmyA nahIM, jAM jIvyau tAM sIma / anaMtAnubaMdhI te thayA, kahi karisa tU kema // 21 //