Jain Dharmshastro aur Adhunik Vigyan ke Alok me Pruthvi

Author(s): Damodar Shastri
Publisher: Z_Deshbhushanji_Maharaj_Abhinandan_Granth_012045.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210789/1

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jaina dharmazAstroM aura Adhunika vijJAna ke bAloka meM pRthvI ( a ) prastAvanA usakA mAnava eka cintanazIla prANI hai|' vaha apane AsapAsa kI vastuoM tathA vAtAvaraNa ke rahasya ko samajhane ke lie cira kAla se prayatnazIla rahA hai / saMsArI mAnava kI indriyoM kI prakRti bahirmukhI hai, isalie apane antara kI ora jhAMkane kI bajAya, bAhya jagata ke prati AkarSita honA svAbhAvika thaa| asaMkhya saMsArI prANiyoM meM se vaha koI dhIra-vIra hI hogA jisane sarvaprathama Atma-tattva ko jAnane kA yatna kiyaa| DA0 dAmodara zAstrI (ka) bhAratIya saMskRti meM pRthvI 4 mAnava ke sAhityika mastiSka ne isa sRSTi ko kisI adRzya va devI mahAsAhityakAra kI anupama, manohara va cirantana kRti ke rUpa meM dekhaa| usake saundaryAnurAgI svabhAva ne prAtaHkAlIna uSA ko kabhI eka sundara nartakI ke rUpa meM, to kabhI eka bemika saMcaraNazIla navayauvanA nArI ke rUpa meM nihArA / aura, yaha dharatI va AkAza - jisakI chatrachAyA meM vaha rahatA AyA thA-- usake lie mAtA va pitA the|" pRthvImAtA ke prati bhAratIya saMskRti meM kitanA zraddhAspada sthAna hai, yaha isIse pramANita hai ki pratyeka bhAratIya hindU prAtaH kAla uThate hI, samudravasanA va parvatastanamaMDitA alaukika dharatI mAtA ke prati yaha prArthanA karatA hai : 1. mati jado Nicca maNeNa NiuNA jado du ye jiivo| maNaukkaDA ya jamhA, tamhA te mANusA bhaNiyA (paMcasaMgrahaprAkRta, 1 / 62 ) // gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA - 146, 2. parAjya khAni vyaguNat svayambhUH tasmAtparAG pazyati nAntarAtmA (kaThopa0 2/4/1) / 3. kazcid dhIraH pratyagAtmAnama~kSat AvRttacakSuramRtatvamicchan ( kaThopa0 2/4/1) / 4. devasya pazya kAvyaM na mamAra na jIryati (atharvaveda, 10 / 8 / 32 ) / 5. Rgveda, 1/62/4 6. Rgveda, 7/80 / 2 7. (ka) mAtA bhUmiputro'haM pRthivyA (artha0 12 / 1 / 12) tanmAtA pRthivI tatpitA dyauH (jurveda 25 /17) / pRthivi mAtaH ( jU0 10 / 22) / (kha) jijJAsA va samAdhAna kI prakriyA ke krama meM hI sambhavataH mAnava ne pRthvI va aMtarikSa rUpI mAtA-pitA ke bhI janaka yA / birbhAta pAlaka (parama pitA) kI kalpanA kI hogI : yAvAbhUmI janayandeva ekaH (zvetA0 upa0 3/3) dyAvApRthivI vimati (R0 10 / 31 / 8 ) / tasmin tasthurbhuvanAni vizvA (yaju0 22 / 12) / eko vizvasya bhuvanasya rAjA ( R0 6/36/4) / azaramAnAvIzate deva ekaH (svetA upa0 1 / 10 ) / O (ga) vaidika RSi ke anusAra isa pRthvI para aneka dharmoM tathA aneka bhASAbhASI logoM kA astitva rahatA AyA haivitI bahudhA vivAca nAnAdharmANaM pRthivI yathIkasam' (atharva0 12 / 2 / 45) / vibhratI jaina dharma evaM AcAra 'janaM 126

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samudra vasana devi ! prvtstnmNddite| viSNu-patni ! namastubhyaM pAdasparza kSamasva me / / (kha) pRthvI ke svarUpa ko jijJAsA pRthvI ke prati zraddhAlu mAnava ke mana meM yaha bhI jijJAsA paidA huI ki Akhira yaha pRthvI kitanI bar3I hai, kaisI hai, kahA~, kaba, aura kaise isakI utpatti huI ? vaidika RSi dIrghatamA isa pRthvI kI sImA ko jAnane kI utsukatA vyakta karatA huA dRSTigocara hotA hai|' zvetAzvatara upaniSad kA RSi bhI yaha jijJAsA lie hue haiM ki hama kahAM se paidA hue haiM ? aura hama saba kA avasthAna kima para AdhArita hai ? upayukta udAharaNoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhAratIya cintaka isa pRthvI va sRSTi ke viSaya meM satata jijJAsa the, aura unhoMne apane tapomaya adhyAtmasAdhanA ke dvArA, jisa satya kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA, vaha hamAre dharma-granthoM meM nibaddha hai| (A) jaina sAhitya meM pRthvI / jaina sAhityakAroM ne bhI isa pRthvI ko eka sundara nArI ke rUpa meM dekhA / AryAvarta usa pRthvI kA mukha hai, samudra jisakI karadhanI hai, vana-upavana jisake sundara keza haiM, vindhya aura himAcala parvata jisake do stana haiM, aisI pRthvI (mAtA) eka satI sAdhvI nArI kI taraha zobhita ho rahI hai| kintu, jaina darzana eka nivRttipradhAna dharma hai, isalie sAdhaka kA antima lakSya yahI hotA hai ki siddhi-rUpI kAntA kA varaNa karatA huA, isa martya pathivI kI apekSA, siddha-loka kI 'ISatprArabhAra' pRthivI (mAtA) kI chatrachAyA meM phuNce| (1) pRthvI-sambandhI jijJAsA : jaina dRSTi se jaina daSTi se isa pathivI-tala para adhikAra karane kI apekSA isake svarUpAdi kA jJAna prApta karanA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se adhika zreyaskara hai| isake pUrNa va vAstavika rUpa ko jAnakara sAdhaka ke mana meM yaha vicAra svata: uTha khar3A hogA ki isa pRthvI ke pratyeka pradeza 1. pRcchAmi tvAM paramantaM pRthivyAH (Rgveda-1/164/34) / yajurveda-23/61, 2 ki kAraNaM brahma kutaH sma jAtAH, jIvAma kena kva ca saMpratiSThAH (zvetA0 upa0 1/1) / 3. zvetA0 upa0 (vahIM) / kuta A jAtA kuta iyaM visRSTi: (R0 10/126/6-nAsadIya suukt)| taitti0 brAhmaNa-2/8/9 (ka) udvahantIM stanau tuMgo, vindhypraaleyprvtau| Arya dezamukhIM rampAM nagarIvalayaryutAm / abdhikAJcIguNAM nIlasatkAnanaziroruhAma / nAnAratnakRtacchAyAm, atyantapravaNAM satIm (raviSeNakRta padmapurANa-11/286-87) / vindhyakailAzavakSojAM pArAvAromimekhalAm (jaina padmapu0 114/22) / (kha) jaina AcAryoM kI dRSTi meM pRthvI eka sahanazIla vyaktitva kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| isIlie muni kI parISahajayatA ko batAne ke lie pRthvI se upamA zAstroM meM dI gaI hai-khidi-uragaMbarasarisA''sAhU (dhavalA, 1/1/1, pR0 52), vasundharA iva savvaphAsavisahA (aupapAtika sUtra-sU016) / vasuMdharA ceva suhuyahue (sthAnAMga-6/663 gA0 2) / nivatti bhAvayed (aatmaanushaasn-236)| saMnyastavyamidaM samastamapi tatkama~va mokSArthinA (samayasAra-kalaza, 106) / Asravo bhavahetuH syAt saMvaro mokSakAraNam (vItarAgastotra- 16/6) / se NaM bhaMte, akiriyA kiMphalA, siddhipajjavasANaphalA (bhagavatI sU0 2/5/26) / etaM sakammaviriya bAlANaM tu paveditaM / ettoakammaviriyaM paMDiyANa suNeha me (suutrkRtaaNg-1/8/8)| ye nirvANavadhuTikAstanabharAzleSotthasaukhyAkarAH..... tAn siddhAnabhinaumyahaM (niyamasAra-kalaza, 224) / dharmaH kiM na karoti maktilalanAsambhogayogyaM janam (jJAnArNava-4/22) / siddhizriyAligitaH (uttarapurANa, 50/68) / 7. (ka) yaH parityajya bhUbhAryAM mumukSurbhavasaMkaTam (padma pu0 11/288) / yAvattasthau mahIM tyaktvA gRhItvA siddhiyoSitAm (padma pu0 114/22) / (kha) tanvI manojJA surabhiH puNyA paramabhAsvarA / prAgbhArA nAma vasudhA, lokamUni vyvsthitaa| UdhvaM yasyAH kSite: siddhA: lokAnte samavasthitAH (tattvArthasU0 bhASya, a0 10, upasaMhAra, zlo0 16-20) / AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha .

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para vaha anantoM bAra janma-maraNa ke cakra se gujara cukA hai|' usa cakra se chUTane ke upAya ko jAnane hetu vaha satarka ho sakatA hai / bhogabhUmi, karma bhUmi, mleccha bhUmi, naraka bhUmi - ina saba ke svarUpa ko jAnakara sAdhaka puNya pApa ke suphala - duSphalAdi se sahaja paricita ho jAtA hai, aura asat karmoM se nivRtta hotA huA satkamoM kI ora agrasara ho jAtA hai| karma-bhUmi meM bhI yahA~ unake nivAsiyoM ke bAre meM jAnakArI prApta karane ke uparAnta, usakI yaha sahaja AkAMkSA udita hogI hI, ki asaMkhya prANiyoM meM puruSottama - 'arhat' Adi kI sthiti kyoM na prApta kI jAya / saMkSepa meM, isa pRthvI ke svarUpAdi jJAna se manuSya ko usakI ananta yAtrA kA atIta, vartamAna va bhaviSya spaSTa ho jAtA hai| vaha apane nirApada gantavya kA nirdhAraNa kara sakate meM samartha hotA hai| isIlie AcArya vidhAna tatvAzlokavAtika meM pratipAdita kiyA hai ki samasta loka kA, tathA pRthvI para sthita jambUdvIpAdi kA nirUpaNa zAstroM meM na ho, to jIva apane svarUpa se se hI aparicita raha jAegA / aisI sthiti meM, Atma-tattva ke prati zraddhAna, jJAna Adi kI sambhAvanA hI samApta ho jAegI / ataH AcArya vidyAnanda ne parAmarza diyA hai ki hama saba jaina AgamoM kA, tathA usake jJAtA sadguruoM kA Azraya lekara kisI bhI taraha, madhya loka kA parijJAna tathA usa para vicAra-vimarza kreN| (2) jaina paramparA meM sRSTi-vijJAna kA AdhyAtmika mahattva yahAM yaha ullekhanIya hai ki vaidika paramparA meM bhI ukta cintana va vimarza kI preraNA RSiyoM dvArA dI gaI hai| annapUrNopaniSad meM kahA gayA hai ki hameM apane andara kI sattA ke sAtha-sAtha bAhya sattA ke svarUpa kI bhI chAnabIna karanI caahie| * jaina paramparA meM bhI sRSTi - vijJAna kI carcA tAttvika va dharma carcA ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| jaina sRSTi-vijJAna bhautika vijJAna kI sImita parIkSaNa paddhati para AdhArita nahIM, vaha to sarvajJa jinendra deva ke svataH tapaH- sAdhanA dvArA adhigata lokAlokajJatA meM, spaSTa va pratyakSatA, jhalakate hue samasta bAhya vizva kA nirUpaNa hai / " jaina paramparA meM sRSTi-vijJAna kA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se atyadhika mahattva hai - isake spaSTa pramANa nimnalikhita haiM : (1) mokSa kA pramukha sAdhana dhyAna hai| dhyAna se saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa - tInoM hote haiM / dhyAtA ko mokSa yadi na bhI prApta ho, puNyAsrava to sambhAvita hai hI / astu, puNyAsrava kI sthiti meM bhI dhyAtA ko paramparayA mokSa bhI milegaa| isalie, 1. 2. 3. 5. 7. so ko viratha deso lovAlossa giravasesassa janma na samyo jIvo jAdo marido va bahuvAraM (kArtikeyAnuprekSA - 68 ) / tadarUpa] jIva-tattvaM na svAt prarUpitam vizeSeNeti tAna baDhAne na prasidyataH / tannibandhanamanugmaM cAritraM ca tathA kva nu / muktimArgopadezo no zeSatattvavizeSavAk (tattvArthazlokavArtika, sU0 3/36, khaMDa-5, pR0 366 ) / / teSAM hi dvIpasamudra vizeSANAmaprarUpaNe manuSyAdhArANAM nArakatiryagdevAdhArANAmapyaprarUpaNaprasaMgAnna vizeSeNa jIvatattvaM nirUpitaM syAt, tannirUpaNAbhAve ca na tadvijJAnaM zraddhAnaM ca siddhyet, tad-asiddhI zraddhAnajJAnanibandhanamakSuNNaM cAritraM ca kva nu sambhAvyate ? muktimArgazca svayam ? zeSa-ajIvAditatvavacanaM ca naivaM syAt / tato muktimAgoMpadezamicchatA samyagdarzanazAna pAritrANyupaganta vyAni tadanyatamApAye mustimAnanupapatteH tAni cAbhyupagacchatA tadviSayabhAvamanubhavat jIvatatvamajIvAditattvavat pratipattavyam / tatpratipadyamAne ca tadvizeSA AdhArAdayaH pratipattavyA: ( vahIM, pR0 369 ) / / dvIpasamudraparvata kSetrasaritprabhRtivizeSaH samyak sakalanagamAdinayena jyotiSA pravacanamUlasUtrairjanyamAnena kathamapi bhAvayadbhiH samaH svayaM pUrvAparazAstrAparyAlocanena pravacanapadArthavidupAsanena ca abhiyogAdivizeSavizeSeNa vA prapaMcena pariveya (vahIM, pR0 486, 0 sU0 3/40 para zlokavAtika) (tulanA-saMzItiH pralayaM prayAti sakalA bhUlokasambandhinI - harivaMzapurANa - 5 / 735) / kohaM kathamidaM ki vA kathaM maraNajanmanI vicArAntare ve mahattat phalameSyati (annapUrNopaniSad, 1/40) / / 8. 6. tapojAtIyatvAt dhyAnAnAM nirjarA kAraNatvaprasiddhi (rAjavAtika 2/3/3) kuru janmAdhimatyetuM dhyAnapotAvalambanam (jJAnAva 3 / 12) | mayogazAstra - 4 / 113, paMcAstikAya - 1 / 2 | zubhadhyAnaphalodbhUtAM vayaM trayasambhavAm nirvizanti narA nAke mAyAnti paraM padam (zAnArgava - 3 / 22 ) / hoti hAsavarsavaraNijarAma rAI vipulAI jhANavarassa phalAI, suhAgabaMdhIgi dhammassa (dhavanA - 12 / 54 26 / 56 ) / / hemayoga zAstra10/1-21 zilApuruSacarita 2/3/804, svazudddhAtmabhAvanAvanena saMsAra sthiti stokaM kRtvA devaloka gacchati tasmAd Agatya manuSyabhave ratnabhAvanayA saMsArasthiti stokaM kRtvA paJcAnmokSaM gatAH / tadbhAve sarveSAM mokSo bhavatIti niyamo nAsti (dravyasaMgraha 57 para TIkA hema- yogazAstra 10/22-24, jaina dharma evaM AcAra 131 " trailokyaM sakalaM trikAlaviSayaM sAlokamAlokitam, sAkSAd yena yathA svayaM karatale rekhAtrayaM sAMguli ( akalaMkastotra, 1 ) / sAlokAnAM trilokAnAM yad vidyA darpaNAyate (ratnakaraNDa- 1 / 1) lokaprakANa - 3 / 234-35,

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A0 hemacandra ne dharma dhyAna ko mokSa va svarga-donoM kA sAdhaka batAyA hai / " dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM meM tIsarA bheda 'dhama dhyAna' hai| loka ke svabhAva, AkAra, tathA lokasthita vividha dvIpoM, kSetroM samudroM Adi ke svarUpa ke cintana meM manoyoga kendrita karanA 'saMsthAna-vicaya' dharmadhyAna hai ! 'saMsthAna-vicaya' dharma dhyAna ke vizeSa phala isa prakAra hai- ( 1 ) vezyAvizuddhi, tathA (2) rAgAdi-AkulatA meM kmii|" 1 dharmadhyAna rUpa saMsthAna-vijaya' ( loka viSaya) ke cAra bheda mAne gae hai (1) piNDas, (2) padastha (3) rUpastha, (4) rUpAThI / " inameM "piNDasva' dharmadhyAna kI pAMca dhAraNAeM haiM- (1) pArthivI (2) AgneyI, (3) mArutI, (4) vANI (5) tasyarUpavatI / ' inameM pArthivI dhAraNA ke antargata sAdhaka madhyalokavat kSIrasamudra ke madhya jambUdvIpa ko eka kamala ke rUpa meM cintana karatA hai| isa kamala meM meru parvata rUpI divya kaNikA hotI hai|" 1 (2) dhyAna se milatI-julI kriyA 'bhAvanA' yA 'anuprekSA' hai| ve eka prakAra kI cintana-dhArAeM haiM jo vAra-bAra kI jAtI haiN| jaba isI cintana-dhArA meM ekAgra cintA nirodha ho jAtA hai to 'dhyAna' kI sthiti ho jAtI hai / " anuprekSAeM bAraha haiM, unameM 'lokakSA ke antargata vizva ke vAstavika svarUpa kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai, jisakA phala citta-vizuddhi evaM dhyAna pravAha kI virati ko kama yA samApta karanA Adi hai / ' (3) loka ke svarUpa ko bAra-bAra cintana karane se svadravyAnurakti, paradravya- virakti tathA samasta karma-mala- vizuddhi kA AdhAra dRr3ha hotA hai / " isI dRSTi se, AcArAMga sUtra meM loka-sambandhI jJAna ke anantara hI viSayAsakti ke tyAga meM parAkrama karane kA nirdeza hai|" (4) loka-sambandhI jJAna prApta karane ke bAda hI, dharma kA nirUpaNa karanA zreyaskara mAnA gayA hai|" 1. svargApavargaheturdharmadhyAnamiti kIrtitaM yAvat (haima-yogazAstra, 11 / 1) 2. AtaM raudra dharmazuklAni (ta0 sU0 9 / 26, diga0 pATha meM 9 / 28 ) / 3. lokasaMsthAnasvabhAvAvadhAnaM saMsthAnavicayaH / tadavayavAnAM ca dvIpAdInAM tatsvabhAvAvadhAnaM saMsthAnaviSaya: (rAjavArtika 1 / 36 / 10) | lokasvAdhastirvaM vicintayedvayamapi ca bAhulyam sarvatra janmamaraNe rUSidravyopayogAMzca prazamaratiprakaraNa 160 ) / tribhuvanasaM sthAnasvarUpa-viSayAya smRtisamanyAhAraH saMsthAnavicayo nigadyate (ta0 sU0 1 / 36 para butasAgarIya vRtti) haimayogazAstra, 10 / 14, Adi purANa - 21 / 148-142, harivaMzapurANa - 6 / 140, 62 / 88 pANDava pu0 25/100-110, dhyAna -- 52, 4. nAnAdravyagatAnantaparyAyaparivartanAt / sadAsaktaM mano naiva rAgAdyAkulatAM vrajet // dharmadhyAne bhaved bhAvaH kSAyopazamikAdikaH / lezyAH kamavizuddhaH syuH pItapadmasitAH punaH (hemayoga zAstra - 11 / 15-16 ) // 5. jJAnArNava 34/1, haimayogazAstra - 7 / 8, 6. jJAnArNava - 34 / 2-3, haimayogazAstra - 7 / 6, 7. jJAnArNava - 34 /4-8, haimayogazAstra - 7 / 10-12, 3 8. rAjavArtika, 1/36 /12 ( anityAdiviSayacintana yadA jJAnaM tadA anuprekSAvyapadezo bhavati yadA tatraikAgra cintAnirodhastadA dhadhyAnam ) / 6. ta0 sU0 / 7, haimayogazAstra - 4 / 55-56, lokasya saMsthAnAdividhirvyAkhyAtaH / tatsvabhAvAnucintanaM lokAnuprekSA / evaM hyasyAdhyavasyataH tattvajJAnAdivizuddhirbhavati ( rAjavArtika, 1715 ) / 10. dra0 paMcAstikAya --- 167 168, samayasAra - 10 105, 11. svatavaraktaye nityaM paradravyaviraktaye svabhAvo jagato bhAvyaH samastamala zuddhaye yogasAra-bhUta-amitagatikRta 6 / 22 ) / / 1 12. vidittA logaM vaMtA logAM se madhyaM parakkamevAsi (AcArAMga 1 / 3 / 1 / 25) / 12. sUtrakRtAMga 22612241-50 132 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha

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(5) jaina sAhitya ko cAra anuyogoM (viSayoM) meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| eka anuyoga ke antargata, sRSTivijJAna-sambandhI sAhitya kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| digambara paramparA meM yaha anuyoga 'karaNAnuyoga' ke nAma se,' tathA zvetAmbara paramparA meM gaNitAnayoga' ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| (6) jaina purANoM kA varNya viSaya sRSTi-varNana bhI hai| svayaM jinendra deva ne triloka-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| purANoM kA parigaNana dharmakathA' ke antargata kiyA jAtA hai| dharmakathA ko svAdhyAya ke rUpa meM 'tapa' mAnA gayA hai| ata: purANAdi-vaNita saSTi-vijJAna kI sAmagrI ke manana kA bhI honA svAdhyAya ke anuSThAna se svAbhAvika hai| saSTi-vijJAna kI sAmagrI se paripUrNa 'candraprajJapti' tathA 'sUryaprajJapti' kA svAdhyAya-kAla prathama ba aMtima pauruSI meM vihita mAnA gayA hai| A0 padamanandikRta 'jambUdvIpaprajJapti' (digambara grantha) ke anusAra, jambUdvIpaprajJapti ko par3hane va sanane vAlA mokSa-gAmI hotA hai| isa prakAra, sRSTi-vijJAna-sambandhI sAhitya kA zravaNa-manana AdhyAtmika dRSTi se ucita va apekSita siddha hotA hai| (7) aMgapraviSTa jaina dvAdazAMgI tathA aMgabAhya sAhitya meM sRSTi-vijJAna-sambandhI pracura sAmagrI bharI par3I hai| isake atirana jaina AcAryoM ne saSTi-nirUpaNa se sambandhita aneka svataMtra granthoM kI racanA kI hai| ina sabase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina paramparA meM sRSTi-vijJAna kA adhyayana-adhyApana atyanta zraddhA va ruci kA viSaya rahA hai| prastata zodha-patra meM jaina AgamoM meM prApta pRthvI-sambandhI nirUpaNa ko prastuta karate hue Adhunika vijJAna ke Aloka meM usakA samIkSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai :(3) pRthviyoM kI saMkhyA jaina paramparA meM pRthviyoM kI saMkhyA kahIM sAta,", to kahIM ATha" bhI batAI gaI hai| hai ArakSita ne (vi0 saM0 prathamazatI) ne zikSArthI zramaNoM kI suvidhA ke lie Agama-paThana paddhati kA cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA (dra0 nandI therAvalI-2, gaathaa-124)| vizeSAvazyakabhASya-2286-2261, ___anayogoM ke nAma digambara-paramparA meM isa prakAra haiM-(1) prathamAnuyoga, (2) karaNAnuyoga, (3) caraNAnayoga, (4) dravyAnuyoga / zvetAmbara-paramparA meM nAma isa prakAra haiM-(1) caraNakaraNAnuyoga, (2) dharma kathAnuyoga, (3) gaNitAnuyoga, (4) drvyaanuyog| (dra0 Avazyakaniyukti-gA0 773-74, sUtrakRtAMga cUNi, patra-4, Avazyaka-vRtti-pR0 30, ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra-43-46, dravyasaMgraha-42 para-TIkA 2. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 1143-44, AdipurANa-266, 3. Avazyaka-niyukti-124, 4. trijagatsamavasthAnaM narakaprastarAnapi / dvIpAdhi hradazailAdInapyathAsmAyupAdizata (aadipuraann-24|157) / tiloyapaNNatti1290, jaina purANoM kA varNya viSaya sRSTi-varNana bhI hai-'jagata-trayanivezazca traikAlyasya ca saMgrahaH / jagataH sRSTisaMhArau ceti kRtsnamihodyate' (aadipuraann-2|116) / / harivaMza purANa-1171, padmapurANa-1143, 5. Adi pu0 1124, 1 / 62-63, 11107-116, pdmpuraann-1|36, 1127, harivaMzapurANa-11127, 6. dra0 ta0 sU0 6 / 20, 25, bhagavatI ArAdhanA-107, bhgvtiisuutr-25.7|801, sthaanaaNg-5|3|541, mUlAcAra 363, uttraadhyyn-30|34,2627, 7. sthaanaaNg-3|1|136, 8. jaMbUddIvapaNNatti (diga0)-13/157 9. draSTavya-satyazodha yAtrA (pra0 varddhamAna jaina peDhI, pAlItAnA), pR0 42-66, 10. harivaMza pu. 4/43-45, bhagavatI 10 12/3/1-2 (goyamA, satta puDhavIo pnnttaao)| sthAnAMga-7/666 (23-24), triSaSTi0 2 / 3 / 486, lokaprakAza-vinaya-vijayagaNi-racita, 12 / 160-162, tiloyapaNNatti-224, dhvlaa-14|5,6,64 / goyamA ! aTTha puDhavIo paNNattAo / taM jahA-rayaNappabhA jAva IsIpabbhArA' (bhagavatI sU0 6 / 8 / 1) / sthAnAMga-81841 (108) / prajJApanAsUtra-2176 (1) / jaina dharma evaM AcAra

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ATha pRthviyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM(1) ratnaprabhA (2) zarkarAprabhA (3) bAlukAprabhA (4) paMkaprabhA (5) dhUmaprabhA (6) tamaHprabhA (7) mahAtama:prabhA' (6) ISatprArabhArA, jisa madhyaloka meM hama nivAsa kara rahe haiM, vaha ratnaprabhA pRthvI kA UparI paTala (citrA) hai, jisakA vistAra (lambAI va cauDAI Adi) asaMkhya sahasra yojana hai| kintu isameM manuSya-loka jitane kSetra meM hai, vaha 45 lAkha yojana lambA-cauDA, tathA 1423046 yojana paridhi vAlA hai|' sabase choTI aura AThavIM pRthvI Urvaloka meM (sabhI deva-kalpavibhAgoM se pare) hai, jahAM siddha-kSetra (mukta AtmAoM kA nivAsa) avasthita hai| bAkI sAta pRthviyAM madhyaloka ke nIce haiM, jahAM naraka avasthita haiN| ye sabhI pRthviyAM dravya kI dRSTi se zAzvata haiM-inakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| sAta pRthviyoM ke vAstavika nAma isa prakAra haiM-dhammA, vaMzA, selA, aMjanA, ariSTA, maghA, maaghvtii| ratnaprabhA Adi nAma nahIM, apita 'dhammA' Adi to pRthviyoM ke gotra haiN| dra0 sthaanaaNg-7|666 (suttAgamo-bhA02, pR0278), bhagavatI suutr-12|3|3, jIvAbhigama suutr-3|1|67, lokprkaash-12|163-164, trilokasAra-145, tattvArthasUtra-bhASya-311, tiloyapaNati 1/153 vraaNg-crit-1|12, harivaMza pu0 4 / 46, ta0 sU0 3.1 para zrutasAgarIya TIkA meM 'dhammA' Adi saMjJAeM narakabhUmiyoM kI haiN| rapaNappabhA puDhavI kevaiyaM AyAma vivakhaMbheNaM pnntte| goyamA, asaMkhejjAI joyaNasahassAI AyAma vikkhaMbheNa asaMkhejjAI joyaNasahassAI parikkheveNaM paNNattA (jiivaajiivaabhigmsuutr-3|1176) / tattha paDhamapuDhavIe ekarajjuvikkhaMbhA sattarajjudIhA bIsasahassUNa bejoyaNalakkhabAhallA (tiloyapaNNatti, 11283 pR0 48) / prathama pRthvI eka rAjU vistRta, sAta rAjU lambI tathA eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana moTI hai| rAjU kA pramANa asaMkhyAta yojana hai (pramANAMgulaniSpanna yojanAnAM prmaanntH| asaMkhyakoTAkoTI bhirekA rajjuH prakIrtitA-lokaprakAza, 1164) / Adhunika vidvAnoM ke mata meM rAjU lagabhaga 1.164105 mIla ke samAna hai| 3. tiloypnnnntti-4|6-7, harivaMzapurANa-5-560, jiivaabhigmsuutr-3|2177, bRhatkSetra samAsa-5, sthaanaaNg-3|1132, 4. Urdhva tu ekava (ta0 sU0 bhASya, 31) / nRlokatulyaviSkambhA (ta0 sU0 bhASya, dazamAdhyAya, upasaMhAra, zloka-20) / isa pRthvI kA vistAra (lambAI-caur3AI) 45 lAkha yojana hai jo manuSya kSetra ke samAna hai| isakI paridhi eka karor3a bayAlIsa lAkha tIsa hajAra do sau unacAsa yojana se kucha kama mAnI gaI hai-dra0 aupapAtika sUtra-42, sthAnAMga 3 / 11132, 8 / 108, digambara mata meM ISatprAgbhArA pRthvI eka rAjU cauDI tathA sAta rAj lambI hai (tiloyapaNNatti, 8 / 652-58) / kintu isa pRthvI ke bahumadhyabhAga meM 'ISatprAgbhAra' kSetra hai jisakA pramANa 45 lAkha yojana hai (tiloyapaNNatti-1 -1. harivaMza pu0 6 / 126), 5. tiloypnnnnti-6|3, bhagavatI ArAdhanA-2134, 2127 6. ta0 sU0 3/2, jJAnArNava-33/10, viSaSTi0 2/3/485, harivaMza pu0 4/71-72, prajJApanA sUtra, 2/66 (suttAgamo, 2 bhAga, pR0 264) / jIvAjIvAbhigabha-3/2, sU0 81, lokaprakAza-6/1 7. jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra, sU0 3/1/78 va 3/2/85. jaMbUddIvapaNNatti (zvetAmbara)-7/177 (suttAgamo, bhA. 2, pR0 671) / AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha .

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(4) pRthviyoM kI sthiti va AdhAra ratnaprabhA Adi pRthviyoM meM pratyeka, tIna-tIna vAtavalayoM ke AdhAra para pratiSThita haiN| inake nAma haiM-(1) ghanodadhi, (2) ghanavAta, (3) tanuvAta / ye vAtavalaya AkAza para pratiSThita haiN|' pratyeka pRthvI ko ye vAtavalaya valayAkAra rUpa se veSTita kie hae haiN| pRthvI ko ghanodadhi, dhanodadhi ko ghanavAta, ghanavAta ko tanuvAta veSTita kie hue hai| ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke tIna kANDa (vibhAga) haiM,-(1) khara, (2) paMka, (3) abbahula / inameM kharakANDa ke 16 vibhAga haiN| isa prakAra, prathama pRthvI aura dvitIya pRthvI ke madhya nimnalikhita prakAra se (Upara se nIce kI ora) sthiti samajhanI cAhie : (1) ratnaprabhA pRthvI kA khara bhAga (16 hajAra yojana kA)5 (2) , paMka bhAga (84 hajAra yojana) (3) , abbahula bhAga (80 hajAra yojana) ratnaprabhA pRthvI kA samasta bAhalya (moTAI) eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana phalita hotA hai| (4) (pRthvI ke nIce) ghanodadhi vAtavalaya (20 hajAra yojana moTA) (sarvAdhika saghana) (5) ghanavAtavalaya (tanuvAta valaya kI tulanA meM adhika saghana) (20 hajAra yojana moTA)" (6) tanuvAtavalaya (ghanodadhi va ghanavAta kI tulanA meM atyanta sUkSma va patalA) (20 hajAra yojana moTA) (7) AkAza (8) dvitIya pRthvI-zarkarAprabhA (isase nIce punaH ghanodadhi, ghanavAta, tanuvAta valaya haiN|) ratnaprabhA se lekara mahAtama:prabhA taka sAtoM pRthviyAM eka dUsare ke nIce chatrAti chatra ke samAna AkAra banAtI huI sthita haiN| isa sandarbha meM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad kA vaha kathana mananIya hai jo samasta dharAtala ko jala se, jala ko harivaMza pu0 4/42, 4/33, tiloya-1/268-69, ta0 sU0 bhASya-3/1, ThANAMga-3/2/316, 7/14-22, 8/14,2/3/502, loka prakAza-12/177-178, jJAnArNava-33/4-7, jIvAjIvAbhigama, sU0 3/4/71-76, 2. ratnaprabhA Adi sAtoM pRthviyAM Urdhva dizA ko chor3a kara zeSa nau dizAoM meM ghanodadhi se chUtI haiM, AThavIM pRthvI dasoM dizAoM meM ghanodadhi se chUtI hai (tiloyapa-2/24) / vAtavalayoM ke parimANa Adi kI jAnakArI hetu dekheM-lokaprakAza-12/79-160, trilokasAra 123-142, tilAya pa0 1/270-82, 3. tiloya pa0 2/6, trilokasAra-146, jIvAjIvAbhigama, sU0 3/1/66, ThANAMga-10/161-162, 4. tiloya pa0 2/10, jIvAjIvA sU 3/1/69, ThANAMga-10/163, lokaprakAza-12/171, 5. lokaprakAza-12/166-70 tiloya pa0 2/6, jaMvUddIva paNNatti (diga0) 11/116, 6. harivaMza pu0 4/47-46, lokaprakAza-12/168, jIvAjIvA0 sU0 3/1/68, 7. pratyeka vAtavalaya (vAyumaNDala) kI moTAI bIsa hajAra yojana hai (trilokasAra-124, tiloya pa0 1/270) / zvetAmbara paramparA meM ghanodadhi kI moTAI (madhyagata bAhalya) bIsa hajAra yojana, ghanavAta evaM tanuvAta kI asaMkhya sahasra yojana mAnI gaI hai (jIvAjIvAbhigama sU0 3/1/72, lokaprakAza-12/180, 183, 186) / pratyeka vAtavalaya ke viSkambha (pratyeka pRthvI ke pArzva bhAga meM moTAI) ke sambandha meM bhI donoM paramparA matabheda rakhatI hai / isa sambandha meM diga0 paramparA ke grantha-tiloyapaNNatti (1/271), tathA trilokasAra (125), jaMbuddIva pa0 (diga0) 11/122 Adi draSTavya haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA ke granthoM meM jIvAjIvAbhigama (sU0 3/1/76) tathA lokaprakAza (12/182-190) Adi ullekhanIya haiM / tiloya pa0 2/21, triSaSTi0 2/3/461-63, ta0 sU0 3/1 bhASya / AkAsapaiTThie vAye, vAyapaiTThie udahI, udahIpaiTThiyA tasA thAvarA pANA (bhagavatI sU0 1/6/54) / jaina dharma evaM AcAra 135

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vAya se, vAyu ko AkAza se otaprota batAtA hai| taittirIya upaniSad kA vaha kathana bhI yahAM mananIya haiM jisake anusAra AkAza se vAyu kA, vAyu se agni kA, agni se jala, kA, tathA jala se pRthTI kA udgama mAnA gayA hai| [AkAza, vAya, Aga kI lapaTeM, jala-inameM uttarottara saghanatA hai| ghanodadhi zabda meM Ae hue udadhi (jala-sAgara) zabda se, tathA jainAgamanirUpita 'gomUtra'vat varNa se isakI jala se samatA prakaTa hotI hai| sambhava hai, ghanodadhi jame barpha kI taraha Thosa caTTAna jaisA ho| 'tanu vAta' sUkSma va tarala vAyu ho, isakI tulanA meM adhika saghana 'ghanavAta' Aga kI lapaToM kI taraha adhika sthala ho| ghana yAnI megha, megha meM bAya bijalI kA rUpa dhAraNa karatI hai, bijalI agni kA eka rUpa hai| isa dRSTi se ghanavAta ko 'agni' ke rUpa meM vaNita kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| isa sambandha meM tulanAtmaka adhyayana-hetu eka pRthak zodha-patra apekSita hai|] bauddha granthoM meM bhI aisA varNana milatA hai jisake anusAra pRthvI jala para, jala vAyu para, tathA vAyu AkAza para pratiSThita tInoM vAtavalaya vAyurUpa hI haiM, kintu sAmAnyata: vAyu asthira svabhAvavAlI hotI hai, jaba ki ve vAtavalaya sthira-svabhAva vAle vAyu-maNDala haiN| isa dRSTi se gItA kA yaha kathana jaina mata se sAmya rakhatA hai ki loka meM vAyu sarvatra vyApta hai aura vAyu AkAza para sthita hai| (5) madhya loka kA AdhAra yaha pRthvI jambUdvIpa se lekara svayambhUramaNa samudra taka asaMkhya dvIpoM va samudroM vAle madhyaloka kA AdhAra isa ratnaprabhA kA UparI 'citrA' paTala hai| meru parvata eka lAkha yojana vistAra vAlA hai| usameM eka hajAra yojana pRthvItala se nIce hai, tathA ninyAnabe hajAra yojana pRthvI se Upara hai / isI meru parvata se madhyaloka kI sImA nirdhArita kI jAtI hai|' arthAt madhyaloka pRthvItala se eka hajAra yojana nIce se prArambha hokara, ninyAnabe hajAra yojana UMcAI taka sthira hai| jambUdvIpa Adi dvIpa, lavaNoda Adi samudra, bharatAdi kSetra, meru evaM varSadhara Adi parvata, karmabhUmiyAM, bhogabhUmiyAM, antarvIpa Adi isa pRthvI (citrA paTala) para avasthita haiM / ' manuSya loka-isI (ratnaprabhA) pRthvI kA eka bahuta hI choTA bhAga hai| (6) hamArI pRthvI kA AkAra va svarUpa ratnaprabhA-yaha nAma anvartha hai / isa pRthvI meM ratna, vaiDUrya, lohita Adi vividha prabhAyukta ratna prApta hote haiN|' 3. yadida sarvamapsu otaM ca protaM ca.''Apa otAzca protAzceti vAyau vAyurotazcedamantarikSalokeSu gArgIti (bRhadA. upa0 3/6/1) / AkAzAd vAyuH vAyoragniH, agnerApaH adbhyaH, pathivI (taitti. upa.11/2/2) pathivI bho gotama kva prtisstthitaa| pRthivI brahmaNA abmaMDale prtisstthitaa| abmaMDalo bho gautama kva pratiSThataH / AkAze pratiSThitaH / AkAzaM bho gautama kva pratiSThitam / atisarasi brAhmaNa 'AkAzaM brAhmaNa apratiSThitamanAlambanamiti vistara: (milindaprAna-68, abhidharmakoza-1/5 kI vyAkhyA meM uddhRt)| dra0 abhidharmakoza-3/45-47) / tribhirvAyubhirAkIrNaH (jJAnArNava-33/4) / yathAkAzasthito nityaM vAyuH sarvatrago mahAn (gItA-10/6) / vizaSTi0 2/3/552-53, tanavAtAntaparyantastiryagloko byavasthitaH / lakSitAvadhirUvadhio meruyojanalakSayA (harivaMza pu0 5/1) / ta0sU0 3/7-10, lokaprakAza-15/4-5 (ratnaprabhoparitalaM varNayAmgatha tatra ca / santi tiryagasaMkhyeyamAnA dvIpapayodhayaH / sArkIddhArAmbhodhiyugmasamayaH pramitAzca te)| ti0pa0 2/20, sarvArthasiddhi 3/1, rAjavAtika 3/1/3, anvarthajAni saptAnAM gotrANyAharamUni vai / ratnAdInAM prabhAyogAta prathitAni tathA tathA (lokaprakAza 12/163) / 136 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana pranya

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hamArI yaha dharatI, nIce kI cha: dharatiyoM ke mukAbale, meM AkAra (lambAI-caur3AI) meM sabase choTI (kama pRthutara) hai| kintu moTAI meM yaha adhika hai| jahAM ratnaprabhA pRthvI kI moTAI eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana moTI hai| vahAM dvitIya pRthvI eka lAkha battIsa hajAra, tRtIya eka lAkha aThAIsa hajAra, caturtha eka lAkha bIsa hajAra, paMcama eka lAkha aThAraha hajAra, SaSTha eka lAkha solaha hajAra, tathA saptama eka lAkha ATha hajAra yojana moTI hai|' (ka) pRthvI meM ratnoM ko khAne prathama pRthvI ke khara bhAga (16 hajAra yojana) ke 16 paTaloM (vibhAgoM) meM UparI paTala kA nAma 'citrA' hai, jisakI moTAI eka hajAra yojana hai|' citrA paTala ke nIce pandraha anya paTaloM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-(1) vaiDrya, (2) lohitAMka. (3) asAragalla, (6) gomedaka, (5) pravAla, (6) jyotirasa, (7) aMjana, (8) aMjanamUla, (6) aMka, (10) sphaTika, (11) candana, (12) varcagata, (13) bahula, (14) zaila, (15) pASANa / ina paTaloM meM vividha ratnoM kI khAne haiN| (kha) pRthvI kA AkAra-gola va caurasa (sapATa) darpaNa kI taraha isa dharatI kA AkAra jainAgamoM meM 'jhallarI' (jhAlara yA cUr3I) ke samAna vatta mAnA gayA hai| kucha sthaloM meM ise sthAlI ke samAna AkAra vAlI bhI batAyA gayA hai|" pathvI kI paridhi vattAkAra hai, tabhI ise pariveSTita karane vAle dhanodadhi Adi vAtoM kI valayAkAratA bhI saMgata hotI hai|" 1. vizaSTi0 2/3.488, jIvAjIvAbhigama sU0 3/2/62, bhagavatI sU0 13/4/10, 2. jIvAjIvAbhigama sU0 3/1/80, bhagavatI sU0 13/4/10, 3. lokaprakAza 12/168, ti. pa0 2/9, harivaMza pu0 4/47-46, jIvAjIvA0 3/1/68, jaMbUddIva pa0 (diga0)11/114, 4, trizaSTi0 2/3/487, ta0 sU0 bhASya-3/1, jIvAjIvA0sa03/2/68, 3/2/81, prajJApanA sU0 2/67-103, digambara-paramparA meM pabiyoM kI moTAI dvitIya pRthvI se lekara sAtavIM pRthvI taka isa prakAra hai-zarkarAtrabhA-32000, bAlukAprabhA-28000, paMkaprabhA24000, dhUmaprabhA-20000, tama:prabhA-16000, mahAtama:prabhA-8000 yojana (dra0 tiloya pa0 2/22, 1/282 10 46-46, triloksaar-146)| tiloyapaNNatti meM zvetAmbara-sammata parimANa ko 'pAThAntara' (matabheda) ke rUpa meM nirdiSTa kiyA haiM (ti010 2/23) / 5. tiloyapaNNatti 2/10, trilokasAra-147, rAjavArtika 3/1/8, jaMbUDhIva paNNattI (diga0) 11/117, 6. ti0pa0 2/15, harivaMza pu0 4/55.. 7. ti0 pa0 2/15-18, harivaMza purANa (4/52-54) meM nAma isa prakAra haiM--citrA, vajrA, vaiDUrya, lohitAMka, masArakalpa, gomeda, pravAla, jyoti, rasa, aMjana, aMjanamUla, aMga, sphaTika, candrAbha, varcaska, bhushilaamy| trilokasAra (147-148) tathA jaMbUddIva paNNatti (diga0) (11/117-120) meM sAmAnya antara ke sAtha nAmoM kA nirdeza hai / lokaprakAza (12/172-175) meM nAma isa prakAra haiM-ratna, vajra, vaiDUrya, lohita, aMka, riSTa / jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra (3/1/66) meM bhI kucha isI taraha ke nAma die gae haiN| 8. ti0 pa0 2/11-14, lokaprakAza 12/175 6. madhye syAujhallarInibhaH (jJAnArNava 23/8) / madhyato jhallarInibhaH (triSaSTi0 2/3/476) / etAvAnmadhyaloka: syAdAkRtyA jhallarInibha: (lokaprakAza 12/45) / kharakAMDe kisaMThie paNNatta / goyamA / jhallarIsaMThie paNNatte (jIvAjIvA0 sU0 3/1/74) / bhagavatI sU0 11/10/8, haima-yoga zAstra-4/105, Adi purANa-4/41, ArAdhanAsamuccaya-58, jaMbUddIva pa0 (diga0) 10. (ka) sthAlamiva tiryaglokam (prazamarati, 211) / (kha) bhagavatIsUtra meM eka sthala para madhyaloka ko 'varavaca' kI taraha kI batAyA gayA hai-'majjhe varavairaviggahiyaMsi' 5/9/225 (14) / 11. jIvAjIvAbhigama 3/1/76 (ghanodahivalae---vaTTa blyaagaarsNtthaannsNtthie)| jaina dharma evaM AcAra 137

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digambara- paramparA meM isakI upamA khar3e hue mRdaMga ke UrdhvabhAga ( sapATa gola) se bhI dI gaI hai / " jambUdvIpa kA AkAra bhI rakAbI (khAne kI pleTa) ke samAna sapATa gola hai, jisakI upamA ratha ke cakra, kamala kI kaNikA, tale hue pUe Adi se kI gaI hai|' jambUddIvapatti (digambara paramparA) meM ise sUrya maNDala kI taraha vRtta tathA sadRza-vRtta batAyA gayA hai / uparyukta rUpaNa ke pariprekSya meM jaina paramparA ke anusAra, pRthvI nAraMgI kI taraha gola na hokara cipaTI (caur3I-patalI 6 sapATa darpaNa ke samAna) siddha hotI hai / prAcIna bhAratIya vaijJAnikoM (zrIpati zrImalla, siddhAntaziromaNikAra bhAskarAcArya Adi) ne bhI pRthvI ko samatala hI mAnA hai| vAyu purANa, padmapurANa, viSNudharmottarapurANa, bhAgavata Adi purANoM meM bhI pRthvI ko samatalAkAra yA puSkarapatrasamAkAra batAyA gayA hai / (7) jainadarzana aura vijJAna: Adhunika vijJAna isa pRthvI ko nAraMgI kI taraha gola mAnatA hai| jaina sammata AkAra ke madhya isa antara ko samApta karane ke lie jaina vidvAnoM dvArA vividha prayatna kiye pakSa ke pravartakoM kA yaha prayatna rahA hai ki jainAgamoM kI hI aisI vyAkhyA kI jAe jisase nikaTa A jAe, yA samarthita ho jaae| dUsare pakSa ke samarthakoM kA yaha prayatna rahA hai ki vijJAna ke matoM ko aneka yuktiyoM se sadoSa yA nirbala siddha karate hue jaina sammata siddhAntoM kI nirdoSatA yA prabalatA prakaTa ho / ina donoM pakSoM ko dRSTi meM rakha kara, vijJAna va jaina mata ke bIca virodha kA samAdhAna yahAM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai / (ka) bhassarI va sthAlI zabdoM ke artha: (1) prathama pakSa kI ora se yaha samAdhAna prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ki jaina zAstroM meM pRthvI kI upamA 'jhallarI' yA 'sthAlI' se dI jAtI hai / Aja 'sthAlI' zabda se bhojana karane kI thAlI, tathA 'jhallarI' zabda se jhAlara kA bodha mAnakara jaina paramparA meM pRthvI ko vRtta va cipaTI mAnA gayA hai / kintu jhallarI' kA eka artha 'jhAMjha' vAdya bhI hotA hai, aura 'sthAlI' kA artha khAne pakAne kI haMDiyA (bartana) bhI / ye artha Aja vyavahAra meM nahIM haiN| yadi jhAMjha va haMDiyA artha mAnA jAe to pRthvI kA gola honA siddha ho jAtA hai Adhunika vijJAna kI dhAraNA se bhI saMgati baiTha jAtI hai / " yahAM yaha ullekhanIya hai ki 'jhallarI' pada kA 'jhAMjha' (vAdya ) artha meM prayoga jaina Agama 'sthAnAMga' meM upalabdha bhI hotA hai / " vidvAnoM ke samakSa yaha samAdhAna vicAraNArtha prastuta hai / 3. 4. 1. O majjhimanoyA ubhaya-muraaddhasArincho (tilopapaNNatti 1 / 137) zvetA paramparA meM Urdhvaloka ko Urdhva mRdaMgAkAra mAnA hai ( bhagavatI 021 / 10 / 2) [vi0 pa0 ko mRdaMgAkAra mAnyatA meM gANitika dRSTi se kucha doSa thA (Urdhvaloka kA ghanaphala 147 ghana rajjU honA cAhie, jo isa mAnyatA meM kaThina thA ), isalie A0 vIrasena pratipAdita Ayata caturasrAkAraloka kI mAnyatA diga0 paramparA meM adhika mAnya huI / ] 5. 6. 7. , 138 pRthvI- AkAra tathA vijJAna svIkRta pRthvI jA rahe haiN| yaha prayatna dvimukhI haiM / eka jaina mata yA to Adhunika vijJAna ke kucha jaMbUddIvapaNatti (diga0 ) 1 /20, jaMbUddIva pa0 (diga0) 4/11 jaMbUddIve''vaTTe tellApUyasaMThANasaMThie baTTa purahacakkavAlasaMThANasaMThie vaTTe kkharakaNNiyAsaMThANasaMThie (jaMbUddIvapaNNatti - zvetAmbara, 1/2-3) / jIvAjIvAbhigama sU0 2 / 2 / 84, 3 / 124, sthAnAMga 1-240 aupapAtika sU0 41, draSTavya-vijJAnavAda vimarza - ( prakA0 bhU-bhramaNa zodha saMsthAna, mahesANA - guja0), pR0 75-81 yuvAcArya mahAprajJa muni nathamala jI kA mata, ( dra0 tulasIprajJA ( zodha patrikA), lADanUM, apraila-jUna, 1975, pR0 106) / majjhimaM puNa jhallarI ( jhAMjha se madhyama svara kI utpatti hotI hai ) -- sthAnAMga - 7 / 42 - - AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha

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(kha) phlaiTa - artha sosAiTI va anya saMsthAeM : (2) dUsare pakSa kI ora se samAdhAna yaha prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ki vijJAna kI mAnyatA aMtima rUpa to mAnI nahIM jA sakatI / vijJAna to eka anavarata anusandhAna prakriyA kA nAma hai / ' vijJAna ke aneka prAcIna siddhAnta Aja svayaM vijJAna dvArA khaMDita ho gae haiN| pRthvI ke nAraMgI kI taraha gola hone kI mAnyatA para bhI kucha Adhunika vaijJAnikoM kA vaimatya hai| aneka vaijJAnika prayogoM se pRthvI ke nAraMgI kI taraha gola hone kI mAnyatA para praznacihna lagA hai / landana meM phlaiTa artha sosAiTI' nAmaka saMsthA kArya kara rahI hai| jo pRthvI ko cipaTI siddha kara rahI haiN| bhArata meM bhI pU0 105 ArthikA jJAnamatI mAtA jI ke nirdezana meM diga0 jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna (hastinApura, meraTha-u0pra0), tathA pU0paM0 pravara muni zrI abhayasAgara jI gaNI ma0 kI preraNA se kAryarata 'bhU-bhramaNa zodha saMsthAna' (The Earth Rotation Research Institute ) ( mehasAnA, u0 gujarAta) Adi saMsthAeM isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya haiM / pUjya paM0 pravara muni zrI abhayasAgara jI gaNi ke prayatnoM se vividha sAhitya kA nirmANa huA hai jisameM pRthvI ke vijJAnasammata AkAra ke viruddha, vaijJAnika rIti se hI prazna va ApattiyAM uThAI gaI haiM, aura jainasammata siddhAnta ke prati sambhAvita doSoM kA nirAkaraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai|' (8) pRthvI kI sthiratA isI taraha, jainAgama-paramparA meM pRthvI ko sthira mAnA gayA hai, na ki bhramaNa-zIla / veda Adi prAcIna bhAratIya granthoM meM bhI pRthvI ko sthira kahA gayA hai|" bhArata ke prasiddha prAcIna AcAyoM meM zrI varAhamihira ( I0 205) zrIpati ( I0 166 ) Adi ke nAma isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya hai jinhoMne pRthvI kI sthiratA kA sayuktika pratipAdana kiyA hai| prAcIna jainAcArya zrI vidyAnanda svAmI (0) ne svArthazlokavAtika' meM bhU-bhramaNa ke siddhAnta ko sayuktika khaNDita kiyA hai| Aja bhI aneka manISI isa sambandha meM anveSaNa kara rahe haiN| Adhunika vijJAna isa pRthvI ko bhramaNazIla mAnatA hai| vijJAna aura jaina mata ke bIca isa khAI ko vaijJAnika sApekSavAda tathA jaina anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda ke mAdhyama se pATA jA sakatA hai / 1. 2. 3. 4. 7. 8. "Science is a series of approximations to the truth; at no stage do we claim to have reached finality; any theory is liable to revision in the light of new facts." (A. W. Barton, quoted in 'Cosmology : Old and New', Prologue, p. III ). "Scientific theories arise, develop and perish. They have their span of life, with its successes and triumphs, only to give way later to new ideas and a new outlook." (Leopold Infeld in "The world in Modern Science", p. 231). See: Research-article 'A Criticism upon Modern Views of Our Earth' by Sri Gyan Chand Jain (appeared in Ft. Sri Kailash Chandra Shastri Felicitation Volume, pp. 446-450), dra0 (1) pRthvI kA AkAra nirNaya eka samasyA, (2) kyA pRthvI kA AkAra gola hai ? (3) bhUgola vijJAna-samIkSA / [ prakAzakajaMbUdvIpa nirmANa yojanA, paja, guja0)) (4) vijJAnavAdavimarza (prakA0 bhU-maNa zodha saMsthAna, mahesANA, guja0) (ka) sUrya kI bhramaNazIlatA kA ullekha jaina zAstroM meM prApta hai- sUryaprajJapti 126 10, bhagavatI sUtra- vRtti - 5111-2, (kha) kintu dhavalA grantha ( diga0 ) meM AcArya vIrasena ne pRthvI kI mananIya hai : bhramaNazIlatA kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai, jo vastutaH 1 dravyendriyapramitajIvapra dezAnAM na bhramaNamiti kinneSyate iti cenna darzanAlA 111.1.23 tasiddhAnta koza dhruvA pRthivI ( pAtaMjala yoga sU0 225 para vyAsa bhASya ) / PIORIR) I dra0 vijJAnavAda-vimarza (bhUbhramaNa zodha saMsthAna, mahesANA guja0), pR0 nagarAja) 101, 0 zloka -5 (0sU0 3/13 paraloka 0 12-14, pR0 55-85) 0 yA pRthivIsvira hai' (le0 A0 jinamagisAgarari), jaina dharma evaM AcAra tad-bhramaNamantareNa Azubhra majjIvAnAM bhramadbhUmyAdi21339-40 pRSTha ) / dhruvAsi dharaNI (yajurveda - 215 ) / pRthivI vitasthe (R0 13 jaina darzana aura Adhunika vijJAna (le0 muni 136

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A0 vidyAnanda ne kahA hai jainoM ke vahAM jyotiSavijJAnokna sabhI bAteM saMgata ThaharAI jA sakatI hai| vaijJAnika paramparA meM bhI mahAn vaijJAnika AIMsTIna ne sApekSavAda kA sahArA lete hue kahA thA - "prakRti aisI hai ki kisI bhI graha - piNDa kI vAstavika gati kisI bhI prayoga dvArA nizcita rUpa se nahIM batAI jA sakatI / 9 DenTana kI 'rileTiviTI' pustaka meM ukta samanvaya ko adhika acche DhaMga se nimna prakAra se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai "sUrya - maNDala ke bhinna-bhinna grahoM meM jo ApekSika gati hai, usakA samAdhAna purAne 'acala pRthvI' ke AdhAra para bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, aura koparanikasa' (vaijJAnika) ke usa nae siddhAnta ke AdhAra para bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai jisameM pRthvI ko calatI huI mAnA jAtA hai / "" (6) pRthvI para madhyaloka kA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa pRthvI ke madhya bhAga meM 'jambUdvIpa' sthita hai, jisakA vistAra eka lAkha yojana ( lambAI-caur3AI) hai| ise sabhI ora ) se (balAkAra ghere hue do lAkha yojana vistAra (lambAI) vAlA tathA 10 hajAra yojana caur3AI vAlA lavaNasamudra hai| isI prakAra eka dUsare ko gherate hue, kramazaH dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa, kAloda samudra, puSkara dvIpa, puSkaroda samudra, varuNavara dvIpa, varuNavara samudra, kSIravara dvIpa, kSIroda samudra, ghRtavara dvIpa, ghRtavara samudra, kSodavara dvIpa, kSodavara samudra, nandIzvara dvIpa, nandIzvara vara samudra Adi asaMkhyAta dvIpa- samudra haiN| saba ke anta meM asaMkhyAta yojana vistRta svayambhUramaNa dvIpa hai / " 13 puSkara dvIpa ko madhya meM se do bhAga karatA huA mAnuSottara parvata hai, jisake Age manuSyoM kA sAmAnyataH jAnA-AnA sambhava nhiiN| isalie mAnuSottara parvata ke pUrva taka ar3AI dvIpa meM manuSya kSetra (manuSya-kSetra) kI maryAdA mAnI gaI hai| mAnuSotara parvata 1721 yojana UMcA, tathA mUla meM 1022 yojana caur3A hai| 1. jyotiHzAstramato yuktaM naitatsyAdvAdavidviSAm / saMvAdakamanekAnte sati tasya pratiSThite ( tattvArthazlokavArtika - 4113 ta0 sU0 para zloka [saM0] 17, khaMDa-5, pU0 584) / / 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. .8. e. Rest and motion are merely relative. Nature is such that it is impossible to determine absolute motion by any experiment whatever. (Mysterious Universe, p. 78). The relative motion of the members of the solar system may be explained on the older geocentric mode and on the other introduced by Copernicus. Both are legitimate and give a correct description of the motion but the Copernicus is for the simpler. (Relativity and Commonsence, by Denton) 140 ti0 pa0 4 / 11, lokaprakAza - 16 / 22, harivaMza pu0 503, ta0 sU0 68 para zrutasAgarIyavRtti, sthAnAMga - 1 / 248, jambUddIva pagati ( svetA0 ) 7 / 176 samavAyAMga 104 jIvAjIvAbhigama 3 / 124, ti0 pa0 4 / 2368, 4 / 2401, jIvAjIvA0 3 / 2 / 172, trilokasAra 304-308 ta0su0 338 para zrutasAgarIyavRti, lokprkaash-15|23-27, jIvAjIvA0 3 / 2 / 165 harivaMzapu0 5 / 626, harivaMza pu0 30570 ti0 pa0 412748582, 207 ti0 pa0 4 / 2623, sarvArthasiddhi - 3 / 35, ta0 sU0 3 / 14 ( zvetA0 saM0 ), harivaMza pu0 5 / 611-12, zvetAmbara mata meM vaiyadhi-sampanna tathA cAraNa muni mAnuSottara parvata ke pAra bhI jA sakate haiM (mANumuttarapasvayaM mayA Na kapAda banA vIvaMti vA vIivaissaMti vA NaNNattha cAraNe hi vA devakammuNA vA vi- jIvAjIvAbhi0 sU0 3 / 2 / 178) kintu harivaMza pu0 ( diga0 ) - 5 / 612 meM samudghAta va upapAda meM hI isa parvata ke Age gamana batAyA hai / harivaMza pu05|591-93, jIvAjIvA0 3 / 2 / 178, sthAnAMga - 10 / 40, bRhatkSa trasamAsa 583-84, AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha .

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7 madhya loka ke ThIka madhya meM eka lAkha yojana vistRta tathA sUrya-vimbavat vartulAkAra jambUdvIpa hai / isa dvIpa ko vibhAjita karane vAle, pUrva se pazcima taka phaile hue ( lambe ) chaH varSadhara parvata haiM: - ( 1 ) himavAn (2) mahAhimavAn ( 3 ) niSadha, (4) nIla, (5) rukmI (6) khirI isa prakAra jambUdvIpa ke sAta vibhAga ho jAte hai jinakI varSa yA kSetra' saMjJA hai ye kSetra - (1) bharata kSetra (2) haimavata, (3) hari (4) videha ( 5 ) ramyaka, (6) hairaNyavata, ( 7 ) airAvata / 1 meru parvata videha kSetra ke madhya par3atA hai / mera ke pUrva kI ora kA videha 'pUrva videha', pazcima kI ora kA 'pazcima videha', uttara kI ora kA 'uttara kuru', tathA dakSiNa kI ora kA videha 'devakuru' kahalAtA hai| bharata, haimavata tathA hari kSetra meru ke dakSiNa kI ora sthita haiM, tathA ramyaka, hairaNyavata va airAvata kSetra uttara kI ora sthita haiM / " jambUdvIpa meM 6 mahAdraha haiM, ' jinameM padmadraha se gaMgA nadI va sindhu nadI kA udagama hotA hai| gaMgA nadI dakSiNArdhaM bharatakSetra ke madhya meM se hokara pravAhita hotI huI, pUrvAbhimukha ho, caudaha hajAra nadiyoM sahita pUrvI lavaNa samudra meM jA giratI hai isI prakAra, sindhu nadI vaitAya parvatako bheda huI, pazcimAbhimukha hotI huI caudaha hajAra nadiyoM sahita pazcimI lavaNa samudra meM jA giratI hai|' isI prakAra anya nadiyoM (rohitAMsA, rohitA, harikAntA Adi) kA bhI udgama AgamoM meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai|" gaMgA Adi nadiyoM meM mahaddhika devatAoM kA vAsa hai, tathA bharata airAvatAdi meM puNyazAlI tIrthaMkara cakravartI evaM anya uttama puruSa hote haiM, isalie jambUdvIpa ko lavaNa samudra kabhI jalamagna nahIM karatA / " 1. sthAnAMga 10246, trilokasAra 200 sa0sU0 39 para zrutasAgarIya vRtti, 2. 0 sU0 311 0 pa 464, lokaprakAza-150261-262, sthAnAMga 684, 7151, jaMbUdvIpa (zvetA0) 61124. tyasamAsa 22,24, " 3. harivaMza pu0 5 / 13-14, ta0 sU0 3 / 10, lokaprakAza, 15 / 258-60 ti050 4 / 61, sthAnAMga-6 / 64, 7 / 50, jaMbUddIva ( zvetA0 ) 6 / 125 bRhat samAsa-22-22, 4. ta0 sU0 3 / 6 lokaprakAza - 1813, harivaMza pu0 533, 283, bRhatkSetrasamAsa - 257, 5. lokaprakAsa 17114-16, 182 2 0 0 3010 para zrutasAgarIya vRtti sthAnAMga 412308, bRhatkSetrasamAsa 257 1 6. ta0 sU0 3 / 14 (diga0 saMskaraNa), sthAnAMga - 6 / 3188, jaMbUddIva pa0 ( zvetA0 ) 4 / 73, bRhatkSetrasamAsa 168, 166-167, 7. ti0 pa0 4165-166, 252, ta0 sU0 3 / 20 (diga0 saMskaraNa), harivaMza pu0 5 / 132, bRhatkSetrasamAsa - 214, vi0 0 4 / 196 210 240 ta0 sU0 3 / 21 (diga0 saM0), lokaprakAza- 16 / 236-46, jaMbUddIva pa0 ( svetA0 ) 4004, harivaMza pu0 5136-150 275 278 sthAnAMga 752 bRhattrasamAsa-215-221 8 / 6. ta0 sU0 3 / 22 (diga0 saM0), lokaprakAza- 16 / 260-263, jaMbUddIva pa0 ( zvetA0 ) 4 / 74, ti0 pa0 4 / 2373, 4252-64, harivaMza pu0 5 / 151, sthAnAMga 7 / 53, bRhatkSatrasamAsa- 233, 10. lokaprakAza - 16 / 267-455, 16 / 153-183, harivaMza pu0 5 / 133 135, tiloya p04|2380, 2010-11, sthAnAMga 7 / 52-53, rAjArtika 332, jaMbUddIna (zvetA0) 4077 6125 bRhat samAsa 101-102, 233, 11. jIvAjIvA0 3/172, harivaMza purANa ke anusAra 42 hajAra mAgakumAra isa lavaNasamudra kI Abhyantara belA ko tathA 72 hajAra nAgakumAra bAhya velA kA dhAraNa ( niyamita kara rahe haiM (harivaMza pu0 2 / 466) jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra ( 0 1 150) tathA bRhat samAsa (41018) meM bhI yahI bhAva vyakta kiyA gayA hai| jaina dharma evaM AcAra tve

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jambUdvIpa ke bharatAdi kSetroM ke AryakhaNDoM meM 34 karmabhUmiyAM haiN| bharata va airAvata meM 1-1 tathA videha kSetra meM 32, isa prakAra kula karmabhUmiyoM kI saMkhyA cauMtIsa ho jAtI hai|' isI prakAra kUla 170 plecchakhaNDa, tathA 6 bhogabhUmiyAM haiM / (haimavata, hairaNyavata, hari, ramyaka, devakuru (videha kSetra), uttarakuru (videha kSetra) ina 6 kSetroM meM 1-1 bhogabhUmi hai / ' ) videha kSetra meM kabhI dharmoccheda nahIM hotA, aura yahAM sadA tIrthaMkara vidyamAna rahate haiN| vahAM hamezA hI caturthakAla rahatA hai', arthAt vahA~ manuSyoM kI utkRSTa Ayu eka koTi 'pUrva' taka, tathA zarIra kI UMcAI 500 dhanuSa pramANa hotI hai / bharata va airAyata meM (5-5 khaNDoM meM kucha apavAdoM ko chor3akara) utsarpiNI va avasarpiNI kA pravartita hotA rahatA hai / avasarpiNI meM manuSyAdi kI Ayu, zarIra kI UMcAI, vibhUti, sukha Adi meM hrAsa gatizIla utsarpiNI meM inameM zramika unnati pravartita rahatI hai|' bharata kSetra kA vistAra 526 - 6 16 yojana hai / " bharata kSetra ke bhI vaitADhya (vijayArddha) parvata' ke kAraNa do bhAga ho jAte haiM - ( 1 ) uttarArdha bharata, tathA ( 2 ) dakSiNArdha bharata / ina do meM se pratyeka ke bhI gaMgA va sindhu nadI ke kAraNa 3-3 khaNDa . 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2. [vi0 0 2397 0 sU0 1/27 (diga0 saM0) tathA isa para ttiikaaeN| samasta bhogabhUmiyAM 30 (jaMbUdvIpa meM 6, dhAtakI khaNDa meM 12, puSkarArdha meM 12), tathA kubhogabhUmiyAM - 96 ( lavaNasamudra ke antadvIpoM meM mAnI gaI haiM ( dra0 ti0 pa04/2954) / 7 antadvayoM kI saMkhyA digambara-paramparA meM 48 (iSTavya-tiloya pa04/204880, trilokasAra 11 harivaMza 05/41 rAjanAtika 3/37 Adi) tathA zvetAmbara- paramparA meM 16 mAnI gaI hai (30 sthAnAMga- 4 / 2 / 221-27 jIvAjIvA0 sU0 3/108212 0 prakAza-16 / 011-12, bhagavatI sUtra 9 / 0/ 2-3) | 7 ti0 pa0 4 / 2367, ta0 sU0 3/37 (digaM0 saM0) tathA isa para TIkAeM, sthAnAMga - 6/3/83 rAjyAta 3/10 pilokasA-600, lokaprakAza-17/36 32.15. ta0 sU0 3/10 tathA 2/31 (diva0 saM0) para zratasAgarIya TIkA va rAjapAtika viloka-sAra-82 lokaprakAza-17/30 421. bRhatkSatra samAsa- 364. ti0 pa0 / 313-14, 4/15470 (zvetA0) 2/18 losAra 706 sthAnAMga-6 / 23-27 0 sU0 3 / 27 (diva0 saMska0 ) tathA isa para TIkAeM, harivaMza pu0 7 / 57, 63, bRhatkSetra sabhAsa - 165, ti0 pa0 4/100, lokaprakAza-16/30, harivaMza pu0 5/17-18, jaMbUddIya pa0 ( zvetA0 ) 1 / 10, trilokasAra - 767, vaitADhya (vijayArdha) parvata kI UMcAI 25 yojana, tathA isakI jIbA ( uttara pratyaMcA ) kA pramANa 10720 11 16 8. e. 142 kAlaca nirantara rahatA hai, kintu (ka) ti0 pa0 4 / 2017 sthAnIya 3/3/210 ta0 sU0 3 / 27 (diva0 saM0) tathA isakI TIkAeM, (kha) videhoM ke 32 bheda isa prakAra haiM-- uttara kuru va pUrva videha ko sItA nadI, tathA devakuru va apara videha ko sItodA nadI do-do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita karatI haiM, jisase videha ke 8 bhAga ho jAte haiM / 3 antanadiyoM tathA cAra vakSaskAra parvatoM se vibhAjita hokara ina meM se pratyeka kendra bhAga ho jAte haiM (i0 loka prakAza 10/10020 0 5 / 230-252, bRhatkSetra samAsa - 320, 361-393 ) / -- (ga) masta 5 airAvrata, 5 videha isa prakAra (pratyeka meM tIna pandraha karmabhUmiyoM kA kI nirdeza hai (jIvAjIvA0 sU0 2/45, 3/1/113.) (gha) samasta manuSya-kSetra (hAI dvIpa meM 5 bharata 5 airAvata tathA 110 videha inameM se pratyeka meM 1-1 karmabhUmi hone se kula karmabhUmiyA~ 170 ho jAtI hai| lokaprakAza- 16 / 48-52. jaMbUddIva pa0 (diga0) 2 / 35, ta0 sU0 3 / 10 para zrutasA0 TIkA, harivaMza pu0 5/20-21, bRhatkSetra sa0 44, 178, 562, jaMbUddIva pa0 (zvetA0 ) 1/15, lokaprakAza - 16 / 35, 47, bRhatkSa etra samAsa-25, yojana hai (i0 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha

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ho jAte haiM, isa prakAra bharata kSetra ke 6 khaNDa ho jAte haiN|' dakSiNArdha bharata khaNDa ke tIna khaNDoM meM se madhya khaNDa kA nAma 'AryakhaNDa' haiM, jahAM tIrthakarAdi janma lete haiM, bAkI 5 khaNDa mleccha khaNDa hai| dakSiNArdha bharata khaNDa kI caur3AI 238 yojana tathA pUrva 3 16 pazcima kI ora phailI jIvA kI lambAI 174012 yojana hai|" ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke ratnamaya kANDa ke sahasra yojana ke pRthvIkhaNDa meM se eka sau yojana Upara tathA eka sau yojana nIce ke bhAga ko chor3akara, madhya ke 800 yojana pRthvI piNDa meM vANavyantara deva Adi rahate haiM / ' vANavyantara deva isa pRthvI para kIr3A vinoda hetu vicarate rahate haiN| isI prakAra pahalI pRthvI ke prathama va dUsare bhAga meM bhavanavAsI devo' tathA pizAca Adi devoM kI sthiti bhI mAnI gaI hai, jisakA vistRta nirUpaNa AgamoM meM draSTavya hai / ratnaprabhA pRthivI se 760 yojana kI UMcAI para jyotiSka (tArA Adi jyotiSa cakra ) devoM kI sthiti hai / " jambUdvIpa meM do candra tathA do sUrya tathA samasta manuSya loka meM 132-132 candra-sUrya mAne gae haiN|" (ka) vijJAna premiyoM kI ora se kucha ApattiyA Ajakala vijJAna kI cakAcauMdha kA yuga hai| vijJAna ne hameM aneka bhautika suvidhAe~ pradAna kIM, aura hama usake dAsa ho ge| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja kI naI pIr3hI vijJAna jagat meM pracalita mAnyatAoM ko turanta svIkAra kara letI hai, kintu AgamoM meM nirUpita siddhAntoM para zraddhA tabhI karatI hai jaba vaha vijJAna samarthita ho / Ajakala vijJAna premI kucha tArkika vyakti jainAgama-nirUpita pRthvI ke svarUpa para aneka ApattiyAM prakaTa karate haiM, jinakA samAdhAna bhI yahAM karanA aprAsaMgika na hogA / ve ApattiyAM isa prakAra haiM (1) jaina AgamoM ke anusAra, madhyaloka kI ratnaprabhA pRthivI kA vistAra asaMkhya sahasrayojana kA batAyA gayA hai| jaina 1. ti0 pa04 / 266-67, lokaprakAza-16 / 361, ta0 sU0 3/10 para zrutasA0 TIkA, 2. ti0 e04/267. 3. loka prakAza - 16 / 45, 16 / 200-201, 4. loka prakAza 15/20. jaMbUdIva 10 (zvetA) 111 bRhattasamAsa 26 5. jambU 0 pa ( zvetA : ) 1 / 11, loka prakAza -- 16 / 38, jaMmbU0 pa0 (diga.) 2/31, trilokasAra 766, bRhatkSetrasamAsa - 37, 6. loka prakAza - 12 / 163-194, paNNavaNA sUtra -2 /106, jIvAjIvA. sU. 3/116 7. 'loka prakAza - 12 / 201-211, 8. loka prakAza - 13/1-2, harivaMza pu. 4 / 56- 61, e. (ka) pAsU. 2/16-112. jIvAjIcA. sU. 2/116-121 ( imose rapayabhAe puhabIe asIuttarajoyaNasya sahasavA hallAe urvAra egaM joyaNasahassaM ogAhittA heTThA cegaM joyaNasahassaM vajjittA majjhe aThahattare joyaNasayasahasse ) / (kha) digambara-paramparA meM kucha bhinna mata hai| isake anusAra ratnaprabhA ke tIna bhAgoM meM se prathama bhAga ke eka-eka hajAra yojana kSetra ko chor3akara, madhyavartI 14 hajAra yojana kSa etra meM kinnarAdi sAta vyantara devoM ke tathA nAgakumArAdi no bhavanavAsiyoM ke AvAsa haiM / ratnaprabhA ke dUsare bhAga meM asura kumAra bhavanapati aura rAkSasa vyantarapati ke AvAsa haiM / ( dra0 ti0 pa0. 3 / 7, rAjavArtika 3/1/8 ( tatra kharapRthivIbhAgasyoparyaMparyaMdhazcaikaikaM yojanasahasraM parityajya madhyamabhAgeSu caturdazasu yojanasahasreSu ..... ) ] 10. harivaMza 61 jambU0 pa0 (dina. ) 12/13 . sU. 4/12 para zrutasAgarIya TIkA, jIvAjIvA. sU. 3/165, jambU0 10 - ( zvetA0 ) 7 / 165, 11. jIvAjIvA. sU. 3 / 153177 (maMdaroddeza ), jaMbU0 pa0 (zvetA. ) 7/126, 19 / e6-101, jaMbUddova pa. (dina. ) 12 / 14, trilokasAra- 346, harivaMza pu. 6/26, candraprajJapti (zvetA. ) 1 / 3 / 92, bhagavatI sU. 1/1/2-5, samavAyAMga - 66 / 332, bRhat kSa etrasamAsa - 365, 646. jaina dharma evaM AcAra 143

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AgamoM meM samasta manuSya-loka kI lambAI-caur3AI 45 lAkha yojana, tathA paridhi 14230246 yojana kahI gaI hai| jambUdvIpa kI bhI paridhi kA pramANa tIna lAkha solaha hajAra do sau sattAIsa yojana se kucha adhika batAyA gayA hai| yojana kA parimANa bhI Adhunika mApa kA 4000 mIla hotA hai| kintu vijJAnavettAoM ke anusAra, vartamAna vijJAta pRthvI kA vyAsa 8000 mIla hai, tathA paridhi 25 sau mIla hai| vartamAna jJAta pRthvI ko jambUdvIpa bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki taba yaha prazna uThegA ki isa jambUdvIpa meM varNita bhogabhUmiyAM kauna-sI haiM ? videha kSetra kauna sA hai jahAM satata, vartamAna meM bhI, tIrthakara vicaraNa karate haiM ? bhogabhUmiyoM meM manuSyoM kA zarIra 500 dhanuSa pramANa tathA Ayu bhI lAkhoM karor3oM varSa batAI gaI hai, aisA sthAna vartamAna jJAta pRthvI meM kahAM hai ? isI prakAra, vartamAna jJAta pRthvI ko bharata kSetra bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki taba yaha prazna uTheMge ki usameM vaitADhya parvata (vijayArdha) kauna sA hai ? isa parvata kI UMcAI 25 yojana batAI gaI hai, tathA usakI lambAI (pUrva se pazcima taka) dasa hajAra sAta sau bIsa yojana ke karIba hai / Akhira yaha parvata kahAM hai| (2) manuSya loka meM 132-132 sUrya-candra mAne gae haiM / jambUdvIpa meM bhI do sUrya va do candra batAe gae haiN| samasta pRthvI para to candra-sUryAdi kI saMkhyA isase bhI adhika, anaginata,batAI gaI hai| kintu, pratyakSa meM to sArI pRthvI para eka hI sUrya va eka hI candra dRSTigocara hotA hai| AgamoM meM batAyA gayA hai ki jaba videha kSetra meM rAta (jambUdvIpa sthita meru pavata ke pUrva-pazcima meM sthita hone se) hotA hai, to bharatAdi kSetra meM (meru parvata ke uttara-dakSiNa meM hone ke kAraNa) dina hotA hai| Ajakala amerikA va bhArata ke bIca prAyaH aisA hI aMtara hai / to kyA amerikA ko videha kSetra mAna liyA jAya ? aura aisA mAna lene para vahAM vartamAna meM tIrthakaroM kA sadbhAva mAnanA par3egA ? videha kSetra kA vistAra 33684 yojana (lagabhaga) batAyA gayA hai, kyA amerikA itanA bar3A hai ? videha kSetra meM meru parvata kI U~cAI (pRthvI para) eka lAkha yojana batAI gaI hai, aisA kauna sA parvata Aja ke amerikA meM hai| (4) jaina AgamAnusAra, lavaNa-samudra isa jambUdvIpa ko bAhara se ghere hue hai / kintu vartamAna pRthvI para to pAMca mahAsAgara va aneka nadiyAM prApta haiM / jaina AgamAnusAra unakI saMgati kaise baiThAI jA sakatI hai ? (5) yadi vartamAna pRthvI ko jambUdvIpa kA hI eka bhAga mAnA jAya, to bhI kaI ApattiyAM haiN| prathama to samasta pRthvI para eka sAtha dina yA rAta honI cAhie / bhArata meM dina ho aura amarIkA meM rAta-aisA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki samasta jambUdvIpa meM eka sAtha dina yA rAta hote haiN| (6) uttarI va dakSiNI dhruva meM atyadhika lambe dina va rAta hote haiM / isakI saMgati AgamAnusAra kaise sambhava hai| (7) jainAgamoM meM pRthvI ko capaTI va samatala mAnA gayA hai, phira vaijJAnikoM ko yaha gola nAraMgI kI taraha kyoM dikhAI detI hai ? dUsarI bAta, sapATa bhUmi meM yaha kaise sambhava hai ki isa bhamaNDala ke kisI bhAga meM kahIM sUrya dera se udita ho yA asta ho aura kahIM zIghra , kahIM dhUpa ho kahIM chaayaa| uparyukta zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna Agama-zraddhApradhAna dRSTi se nimnalikhita rUpa se mananIya hai : hama Aja jisa bhUmaNDala para haiM, vaha dakSiNArdha bharata ke chaH khaNDoM meM se madhyakhaNDa kA bhI eka aMza hai| madhya khaNDa se bIcoM bIca sthita 'ayodhyA nagarI se dakSiNa pazcima koNa kI ora, kaI lAkha mIla dUra haTa kara , hamArA yaha bhU-bhAga hai| 1. bRhatkSetrasamAsa-5, ti. pa. 4/6-7, harivaMza pu. 5/560, jIvAbhi. sU0 3/2/177 sthAnAMga--3/1/132.. 2. draSTavya-'jambUdvIpaH eka adhyayana' (le. pa. AryikA jJAnamatI jI), A0 dezabhuSaNa ma0 abhinandana grantha (jaina dharma va AcAra khaNDa), pR0 17-18, 3. bhaved videyorAdyaM yanmuhUrtatrayaM nizaH / syAt bhAratairavatayoH, tadevAntyaM kSaNatrayam, svAda / bhaveda bidehayoH rAtreH tadevAntyaM kSaNatrayam (loka prakAza-20/116-117) / / bhagavatI sU. 5/1/4-6, 4. balaM vibhajya bhUbhAge vizAle sakalaM same (aadipuraann-44/106)| rayaNappabhAe puDhavIe bahusamaramaNijjAo bhUmibhAgAo (jIvA jIvA. sU, 3/122) bahasamaramaNijje bhUmibhAge (jambU0 50 zvetA0, 2/20) / rayaNappabhApuDhavI aMte ya majjhe ya satvattha samA bAhalleNa (jIvAjIvA0 sU. 3/1/76) / AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana gransa 144

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(kha) pRthvI ke svarUpa meM kAla-kama se parivartana zAstrasammata (1) pRthvI ke do rUpa haiM-zAzvata va azAzvata / jaina AgamoM meM pRthvI ke zAzvata (mUla) rUpa kA hI varNana hai, parivartanazIla bhUgola kA nhiiN| vastutaH pRthvI thAlI ke samAna cipaTI va samatala hI thii| kintu avasarpiNI kAla ke prArambha meM isa pRthvI para bhArI kacarA (kUr3e-malave kA Dhera) ikaTThA ho gayA, jo kahIM-kahIM to lagabhaga eka yojana UMcA taka (4000 mIla) ho gayA hai|' yaha kacarA bharata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa meM hI ikaTThA hotA hai, zeSa mleccha khaNDoM meM nhiiN| yaha kacarA avasarpiNI kAla ke anta meM (khaMDa pralaya ke samaya) pralayakAlIna meghoM kI 46 dinoM taka kI bhayaMkara varSA se hI naSTa ho pAtA hai| pralayakAlIna megha Aga varSA kara isa bar3e hae bhUbhAga ko jalAkara rAkha kara dete haiN| usa samaya Aga kI lapaTeM AkAza meM UMce lokAnta taka pahuMca jAtI hai| meghoM kI jala-varSA se bhI pRthvI para kIcar3a Adi sApha hokara, pRthvI kA mUla rUpa darpaNatalavat svaccha va samatala prakaTa ho jAtA hai| pRthvI para kAla-krama se parvatAdi ke bar3hane tathA pRthvI kI UMcI-nIcI ho jAne kI ghaTanA kA samarthana jainetara purANoM se bhI hotA hai / bhAgavata purANa meM varNita hai ki pRthu rAjA ke samaya, pRthvI para bar3e-bar3e pahAr3a (girikUTa) paidA ho gae the| pRthvI se anna upajanA bhI banda ho gayA thaa| usa samaya, rAjA pRthu ne prajA kI karuNa-pukAra para pRthvI para bar3he girikUToM ko cUrNakara, bhUmi kI samatalatA sthApita kI thii| (2) jaina-Agama sAhitya meM varNita hai ki dvitIya tIrthakara ajitanAtha ke samaya dvitIya cakravartI sagara mahArAja ke 60 hajAra pUtroM ne aSTApada (kailAza) tIrtha kI surakSA hetu 'daNDa ratna' se cAroM ora parikhA khoda DAlI thii| usa parikhA (khAI) ko gaMgA nadI se dhArA (nahara) nikAla kara usake jala se bhara diyA thaa| . kahA jAtA hai ki bAda meM nAgakumAra ke kopa se ve sabhI putra dhvasta ho gae the| idhara gaMgA kA jala pracaNDa vega dhAraNa karatA jA rahA thA / sagara cakravartI kI AjJA se taba bhagIratha ne gaMgA ke pravAha ko bAMdhane kA prayAsa kiyA, aura vApasa usa jala ko samudra kI ora mor3a diyaa| eka anya kathA ke anusAra, ekabAra zatrujaya tIrtha kI rakSA kA bhAva cakravartI sagara ke mana meM aayaa| usane apane adhIna vyantara devoM ko kahA ki ve lavaNa samudra se nahara le AveM / daivI zakti se usa samudra kA jala zatrujaya parvata taka AyA, kintu mArga meM par3ane vAle aneka dezoM va kSetroM ke lie vinAzakArI siddha huaa| isa mahAvinAza se saudharma indra kA Asana DolA / aMta meM sagara cakravartI ne samadra ko Age bar3hane se roka diyA |prinnaamtH, jahAM taka samudra praviSTa ho gayA thA vahIM ruka kara raha gyaa| 1. pathvI kA uccatama bhAga himAlaya kA gaurIzaMkara (mAuNTa evaresTa) hai jo samudratala se 26 hajAra phITa (lagabhaga), sADhe pAMca mIla UMcA hai| samudra kI adhikatama gaharAI 35400 phITa (lagabhaga 6 mIla) nApI gaI hai / isa prakAra pRthvI-tala kI UMcAI-nIcAI sADhe gyAraha mIla ke bIca ho jAtI hai| zAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai ki samabhUmi se lavaNasamudra kA jala 16 hajAra yojana UcA hai |(triloksaar, 615, samavAyAMga-16/ 113) / 2. evaMkameNa bharahe ajjAkhaMDammi joyaNaM ekkaM / cittAe uvari ThidA dajjhai vaDi DhaMgadA bhUmI (tiloypnnnntti-4/1551)| 3. tiloyapa. 4/1552 4. (ka) tAhe ajjAkhaMDaM dappaNatalatulidakatisamavaTTa / gayadhUlipaMkakalusa hoi samaM sesabhUmIhiM (tiloyapa. 4/1553) / / visaggivari sdddddhmhii| igijoyaNamettamadho cuNNIkijjadi hu kAlavasA (triloksaar-867)| (kha) bhogabhUmi meM pRthvI darpaNavat maNimaya hotI hai (triloksaar-788)| (ga) bhAgavatapurANa meM bhI saMvartaka vanhi dvArA bhU-maNDala ke jalane kA varNana prApta hai (bhAgavata puraann-1214|6-11) / sambhavataH yaha sthiti avasarpiNI ke samApta hone tathA utsarpiNI ke prArambha ke samaya kI hai / cUrNayan svadhanuSkoTyA girikUTAni rAjarAT / bhUmaNDalamidaM vainyaH prAyazcakre samaM vibhuH (bhAgavata puraann-4118|26) / uttarapurANa-48106-108, padmapurANa (jaina)-5246-252, vaidika paramparA ke bhAgavata purANa meM sagara-vaMza, bhagIratha dvArA tapasyA karane, ziva dvArA gaMgA ke vega ko dhAraNa karane kI svIkRti, tathA gaMgA nadI ke pRthvI para avataraNa hone Adi kI kathA varNita hai (dra. bhAgavata pu. 6 / / 1-12) / jaina dharma evaM mAcAra 145

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ukta kathAoM meM una praznoM kA samAdhAna DhUMDhA jA sakatA hai, jinameM isa pRthvI (dakSiNArdha bharata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa ke eka choTe se bhU-bhAga ) para samudra va gaMgA Adi nadiyoM ke astitva ko asaMgata ThaharAyA gayA hai / (3) isa AryakSetra ke madhyabhAga ke U~ce ho jAne se pRthvI gola jAna par3atI hai, aura usa para cAroM ora samudra kA pAnI phailA huA hai aura bIca meM dvIpa paidA ho gae haiN| isalie, cAhe jidhara se jAe, jahAja niyata sthAna para pahuMca jAte haiM / kA nirUpaNa jaina zAstroM meM varNita hai) vaha bhautika jahAM jahAM se vaha bhautika skandha nikalA, vahAM vahAM (4) madhyaloka kA jo bhAga Upara uTha gayA thA ( jisake dhvasta hone paugalika hI hai, aura vaha isI pRthvI ke AsapAsa ke kSetra se nikalA hogA kI jamIna sAmAnya sthiti se bhI nIcI yA DhalAU ho gaI hogI / bharatakSetra kI sImA para jo haimavata parvata hai, usase mahAgaMgA aura mahAsindhuye do nadiyAM nikala kara bharata kSetra meM bahatI huI lavaNa samudra meM jA giratI haiN| jahAM ve donoM samudra meM giratI haiM, vahAM se lavaNa samudra kA tathA gaMgA nadI kA pAnI jaba isa bhUmi para lAyA gayA to vaha ukta gahare va DhalAU kSetra meM bharatA gayA / pariNAmasvarUpa, bar3e - bar3e sAgaroM kA nirmANa huaa| vartamAna pAMca mahAsAgaroM ke astitva kI pRSThabhUmi meM bhI yahI kAraNa hai| inake madhya meM Upara uThI huI bhUmi bar3hatI gaI aura unameM aneka dvIpa bana gae jinameM eziyA Adi ullekhanIya haiN| vartamAna meM jo gaMgA, sindhu Adi nadiyAM prApta haiM, ye kRtrima hai, yA mUla gaMgA Adi nadiyoM se nikalI jala rAzi se nirmita haiN| (5) samasta jambUdvIpa meM 2-2 sUrya va candra mAne gae haiN| isake pIche rahasya yaha hai ki jambUdvIpa ke ThIka madhya bhAga meM jo sumeru parvata hai, vaha eka lAkha yojana UMcA ( Adhunika mApa meM kaI karor3a mIla UMcA ) hai / isake atirikta kaI kulAcala Adi bhI haiM / ina pahAr3oM ke kAraNa eka sUrya kA prakAza saba tarapha nahIM jA sktaa| eka sUrya - vimAna dakSiNa kI tarapha calatA hai, to dUsarA uttara kI tarapha / uttaragAmI sUrya niSadha parvata kI pazcima dizA ke ThIka madhya bhAga ko lAMghatA huA pazcima videha meM ( 6 ghaMToM meM ) pahuMcatA hai, to dUsarI tarapha dakSiNagAmI sUrya nIla parvata kI pUrva dizA ke madhya bhAga ko pAra karatA huA pUrva videha meM ( 6 ghaMToM meM ) pahuMcatA hai / isa samaya bharata va airAvata kSetra meM rAta ho jAtI hai / uttaragAmI sUrya ( 6 ghaMToM meM ) pazcima videha ke madhya pahuMcatA hai| dUsarI tarapha dakSiNagAmI sUrya (unhI 6 ghaMToM meM ) pUrva videha ke ThIka madhya pUrvavideha ke madhya meM pahuMcatA hai| isa samaya pazcima videha va pUrva videha meM madhyAnha rahatA hai / va (6) sUrya, candramA donoM hI lagabhaga jambUdvIpa ke kinAre-kinAre meM meru parvata kI pradakSiNA dete hue ghUmate haiM, aura 6-6 mAsa taka uttarAyaNa dakSiNAyana hote rahate haiN| isa Arya kSetra meM kaI aise sthAna itane gahare nIce ho gae haiM jinakA vistAra mIloM taka hai| ye sthAna itane nIce va gahare haiM ki jaba sUrya uttarAyaNa hotA hai tabhI una para prakAza par3a sakatA hai| kucha sthAna aise haiM jahAM donoM sUryo kA prakAza par3a sakatA hai, aura isalie una donoM sthAnoM meM do cAra mahIne satata sUrya kA prakAza rahatA hai, tathA sUrya ke dakSiNAyana hone ke samaya do cAra mahIne satata andhakAra rahatA hai / pRthvI kI uccatA va nIcatA ke kAraNa hI aisA hotA hai ki eka hI samaya kahIM dhUpa ( sUrya kA prakAza) hotI hai to kahIM chAyA / isa tathya para prakAza DAlane hetu, AcArya vidyAnandi ne ujjaina kA udAharaNa diyA hai / ve kahate haiM, jaise ujjaina ke uttara meM bhUmi kucha nIcI ho gaI hai, aura dakSiNa meM kucha UMcI / ataH nicalI bhUmi meM chAyA kI vRddhi, aura UMce bhUbhAga meM chAyA kI hAni pratyakSa hotI hai| koI padArtha yA bhU-bhAga sUrya se jitanA adhika dUra hogA, utanI hI chAyA meM vRddhi hogii|' (7) sUrya-vimAna ke damana karane ko 104 galiyAM haiN| pratyeka galI kI caur3AI yojana hai| pratyeka masI dUsarI galI se 2-2 yojana ke antarAla se hai / isa prakAra kula antarAla 183 haiM / ataH kula 'cAra' (Orbit) kA vistAra ( 183X2) +(xx)= 154 10 pramANa ThaharatA hai| 48 45 61 1. 146 48 61 tato nojjayinyA uttarottarabhUmau nimnAyA madhyadine chAyAvRddhivirudhyate / nApi tato dakSiNakSito samunnatAyAM chAyAhAniH unnatetarAkArabhedadvArAyAH zaktibhedaprasiddha: / pradIpAdivad AdityAd na dUre chAyAyA vRddhighaTanAt nikaTe prabhAtopapatteH (ta0sU0 4 / 19 para zlokavArtika, khaNDa- 5, pR0 563) / tasya chAyA mahatI dUre sarvasva gatimanumApayati aMtike'tisvalpA (ta. sU. 4 / 12 para zlokAtika khaNDa 5 pU. 571) / AcArya ratna bhI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha

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jambUdvIpa meM pratidina sUrya ke udayAntara kA kAraNa usake 'cAra' kSetra kI galiyoM kI do-do yojana kI caur3AI aura usakA 48 apanA vistAra (- yojana) hai 61 candramA ke 15 hI mArga (galiyAM ) haiM / candramA ko pUrI pradakSiNA karane meM do dina-rAta se kucha adhika samaya lagatA hai, isalie candrodaya ke samaya meM antara par3atA hai / sUrya apane (jambUdvIpa meM vicaraNa kSetra kI 184 galiyoM meM vicaratA huA jaba bhItarI galI meM pahuMcatA hai, taba dina kA pramANa bar3ha jAtA hai, aura prabhAta zIghra ho jAtA hai| kintu jaba vaha 510 yojana pare bAharI galI meM pahuMcatA hai, taba bharata kSetra meM dina kA pramANa choTA hotA hai jaba vaha madhyavartI maNDala meM pahu~catA hai, taba samAna dina-rAta (15-15 muhatoM ke hote haiN| jambUdvIpa meM sUrya kI sabase prathama galI cAra ( Orbit) kI prathama Abhyantara paridhi ( karka rAzi ) hai / lavaNa samudra meM 303 yojana kI dUrI para sthita galI kI aMta kI bAhya paridhi makara rAzi hai| ASAr3ha meM sUrya prathama galI meM yA karka rAzi para rahate haiM, usa samaya 18 muhUrta kA dina tathA 12 muhUrta kI rAtri hotI hai / jaba sUrya isa galI se jyoM-jyoM bAhya galiyoM meM (dakSiNAyana meM ) calate haiM, to galiyoM kI lambAI bar3hate jAne se, sUrya kI gati teja hotI hai| usa samaya rAta bar3hatI hai, aura dina ghaTatA jAtA hai / mAgha ke mahIne meM jaba sUrya makara rAzi- aMtima galI meM pahuMcatA hai to dina 12 muhUrta kA tathA rAta 10 muhUrta kI hotI hai| yahAM se sUrya punaH uttarAyaNa ko calate haiM / prathama va aMtima galiyoM meM sUrya eka varSa meM eka bAra hI gamana karate haiM, aura zeSa galiyoM meM Ane-jAne kI dRSTi se eka varSa meM do bAra gamana karate haiN| ataH eka varSa meM 182x2+2-366 dina hote haiN| (8) svargIya paM0 gopAlaprasAda jI baraiyA jI ne apanI pustaka 'jaina jyAgrAphI' pustaka meM likhA hai "caturtha kAla ke Adi meM isa AryakhaNDa meM upasAgara kI utpatti hotI hai / ye krama se cAroM tarapha phailakara Arya khaNDa ke bahubhAga ko roka letA hai| vartamAna ke eziyA, yUropa, aphrIkA aura AsTreliyA - ye pAMcoM mahAdvIpa isI AryaMkhaNDa meM haiM / upasAgara me cAroM ora phailakara hI inako dvIpAkAra banA diyA hai|" (E) isake atirikta, bhUkampa Adi kAraNoM se bhI, prAkRtika parivartana hote haiM, jinase nadiyAM apanI dhArA kI dizA badala detI hai, aura parvatoM kI UMcAI bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| 'bhUgola' eka paugalika ghaTanA hai| una una kSetroM ke jIvoM ke pApa karma se bhI nisargataH bhUkampa hotA hai| pRthvI ke nIce ghanavAta kI vyAkulatA, tathA pRthvI ke nIce bAhara pudgaloM ke paraspara-saMghAta ( Takkara ) se TUTakara alaga hone Adi kAraNoM se bhUkampa hone kA nirUpaNa 'sthAnAMga' Adi zAstroM meM upalabdha hai / bauddhagrantha 'paMguttaranikAya se bhI jJAta hotA hai ki pRthvI ke nIce mahAvAyu ke prakampana se (tathA anya kAraNoM se) bhUkampa hotA hai|" (ga) pRthbI meM parivartanaH vijJAna sammata Aja ke bhUgarbha vaijJAnika isa pRthvI ke atIta ko jAnane kI jo ceSTA kara rahe haiM, vaha atIta kI sahI jAnakArI prApta karane meM kitanI saphala hogI, vaha to jJAta nhiiN| kintu itanA to avazya hai ki pRthvI ke mahAdvIpa aura mahAsAgara Ajakala jisa AkAya prakAra ke haiM, unakA vahI AkAra-prakAra sudUra atIta meM nahIM thA aura bhaviSya meM bhI nahIM rhegaa| vaijJAnikoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai ki yaMtra va Azvina mAsa meM (15-15 hatoM ke dina-rAta kI yaha sthiti hai (i. samavAyAMga, su. 150105) sabase choTA dina yA rAta 12 muhUrta kA hotA hai ( dra. samavAyAMga -- sU. 12 / 81, loka prakAza - 20075-103, caMdapaNNatti - 1 / 1 / 1) / - 2. dra0 loka prakAza, 20yAM sarga, sUrya prajJapti va candraprajJapti, 108 prAbhUta, jambUddIvapaNNatti (zvetA. ) 71126-150, bhagavatI sUtra 514-27, 1. 3. 4. sthAnAMga - 3 | 4 | 168, bhUkampa ke pAMca prakAra hote haiM (dra. bhagavatI sU. 17132) / Da. aMtara nikAya, 70 jaina dharma evaM mAcAra 147

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sabhI mahAdvIpa kama yA adhika gati se nirantara khisakate rahe haiN| usakI adhikatama gati prativarSa cAra iMca yA lagabhaga dasa senTImITara hai| Aja se karoDoM varSa bAda kI sthiti ke bAre meM sahaja anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / taba uttarI aphrIkA uttara meM khisakatA hamA bhamadhya sAgara ko rauMdatA haA yuropa se jA milegA aura bhUmadhyasAgara bhI eka jhIla mAtra banakara raha jaaegaa| dUsarI tarapha, AsTreliyA, iDoneziyA aura philastIna eka-dUsare se jur3a jAeMgeM, aura hindacIna se eziyA kA bhAga jur3a kara eka nayA bhUbhAga prakaTa hogaa| tIsarI ora, amerikA ke pazcimI taTa ke samasta nagara va rAjya eka dUsare ke nikaTa A jAeMge aura uttarI amerikA atyanta napare AkAra kA ho jaaegaa| kucha varSa parva, eNTArkaTikA mahAdvIpa ke vistRta barphIle maidAna para mile eka vilupta jantu ke sAkSya para vaijJAnikoM ne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kisI prAgaitihAsika yuga meM AsTreiliyA, dakSiNa eziyA, aphrIkA va dakSiNa amarIkA mahAdvIpa eka dUsare se jaDe hae the / aba amarIkA ke do vaijJAnikoM-DA0 rAbarTa esa0 dieja aura DA0 jAna sI0 holDena ne bhI ukta niSkarSa para sahamati vyakta kI hai aura unhoMne mahAdvIpoM ke tairane (phisalane) kI gati, unakI dizA, sImA-rekhAeM, samudragarbhIya parvata-zreNiyoM kA vistAra, cambakIya jala-kSetroM kI prAcIna dizAe', bhUgarbhIya saMracanA Adi viSayoM para gaharA anusandhAna kiyA hai| ukta vaijJAnikoM ne Aja se 22 karor3a pacAsa lAkha varSa pUrva ke bhUmaNDala kI kalpanA kI hai| unake anusAra taba sabhI mahAdvIpa eka dUsare se jur3e hue the aura pRthvI para kevala eka vizAla mahAdvIpa thaa| mahAsAgara bhI eka hI thaa| dakSiNI amarIkA aphrIkA donoM paraspara saTe hae the, aura amarIkA kA pUrvI samudrI taTa uttarI aphrIkA ke bhUkhaNDa se cipakA huA thaa| bhArata dakSiNa aphrIkA va eNTArkaTikA ke bIca meM kahIM dubakA thaa| AsTreliyA eNTArkaTikA kA hI eka bhAga thaa| lagabhaga 50 lAkha varSa meM isa sabameM vibhAjana kI rekhA prArambha ho gaI / sabase pahale do bhAga hue| uttarI bhAga meM amarIkA va eziyA the, dakSiNI bhAga meM dakSiNI amarIkA tathA eNTArkaTikA / abase 13 karoDa 50 lAkha varSa pUrva inake aura bhI Tukar3e ho ge| vaijJAnikoM ne niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki hamArI pRthvI ke mahAdvIpa va mahAsAgara lagabhaga 80 kilomITara yA usase bhI adhika moroka Thosa padArtha kI parta para avasthita the / Thosa padArtha ko yaha parta lAkhoM varga kilomITara ke kSetra meM phailI huI haiN| ye vizAlakAya pate pathvI ke garbha-kor3a para tairatI athavA phisalatI rahatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki mahAdvIpa va mahAsAgara phisalate rahate haiN| DA0 jAna ema0 varDa aura DA. jAna epha0 DevI nAmaka amarIkI vaijJAnikoM kA mata hai ki prAcIna kAla meM phisalate hue jaba bhArata upamahAdvIpa kA bhUkhaNDa eziyA mahAdvIpa ke bhUkhaNDa se TakarAyA to eka gaharI khAI bana gii| donoM bhakhaNDa eka dasare ko dabAte rahe aura unake kinAre nIce-nIce dhaMsate cale ge| Upara kA padArtha nIce garma kroDa kI tarapha baDhatA gayA / anta meM jaba donoM bhakhaNDa eka dasare se jA TakarAye, taba unakA apekSAkRta halakA padArtha mukhya bhU-bhAga se alaga hokara Upara uTha gayA aura bAda meM Aja ke himAlaya parvata kA AkAra grahaNa kara sakA / kahIM-kahIM aisA bhI huA ki mahAsAgara vAlI taha khisaka kara mahAdvIpa vAlI taha ke bole jA pahacI. jisase pathvI kI sataha Upara uTha AI jisakA pariNAma eDIja parvata zreNI ke rUpa meM prakaTa haa| (parvata zreNiyoM ke nirmANa ke sambandha meM vaijJAnikoM meM prAyaH ekamata nahIM hai / parvata-zreNiyoM ke nirmANa ke vividha mata vijJAna-jagata meM pracalita haiN| bhAratavarSa kI sthiti Aja jaisI sadA se nahIM hai| mAravAr3a meM jahAM 'osiyA' hai, vahAM pahale kabhI samudra thaa| isakA pramANa yaha hai ki Aja bhI osiyA ke AsapAsa sthita pahAr3I meM 17 phITa UMcI, 26 phITa caur3I va 37 phITa lambI AkAra kI kAlI lakar3I kI vizAla naukAoM ke avazeSa mile haiM jisase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki sambhavata: vahAM koI bandaragAha thaa| isa bandaragAha ke naSTa ho jAne se yahAM ke vyApArI deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM phaila gaye / ye vyApArI 'osavAla' nAma se prasiddha haiN| bhUgarbha-zAstriyoM ko himAcala parvata kI coTI para sIpa, zaMkha, machaliyoM ke asthi-paMjara prApta hue haiM jinase himAlaya parvata kI lAkhoM varSa pUrva samudra meM sthita hone kI puSTi hotI hai| jiolojikala sarve Apha iMDiyA ke bhUtapUrva DAirekTara DA0 vI0 ena0 copar3A ko bhAratavarSa meM vArANasI (u0 pra0) ke eka kUe se eka aisA kIr3A prApta huA jisakA astitva Aja se dasa karor3a varSa pUrva bhI thaa| ukta prakAra kA kIr3A pAja bhI AsTreliyA, nyUjIlaiNDa va dakSiNI aphrIkA meM prApta hotA hai| vArANasI meM isa kIr3e kI prApti se bhAratavarSa kA bhI atyanta prAcIna kAla meM prAsTreliyA Adi kI taraha kisI prakhaNDa va avibhakta pradeza se sambaddha honA puSTa ho jAtA hai / 148 AcAryaratna zrI vezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha

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(gha) pRthvI meM kSetrIya parivartana ke samarthaka jaMnazAstra hote haiM / yahAM yaha zaMkA upasthita kI jA sakatI hai ki jainAgamoM meM to pRthvI zAsvata batAI gaI hai| isa sthiti meM usameM mahAn parivartana kaise sambhava haiM ? jauna AcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi grantha meM tathA AcArya akalaMka ne tatvArtha rAjavArtika meM spaSTa likhA bhI hai ki bharatAdika kSetra meM bhautika va kSetrIya parivartana sambhava nahIM haiM / na zAstroM se aneka pramANa prastuta kiye jA sakate haiM jina se yaha siddha hotA hai ki pRthvI ke bAhya svarUpa meM bhI parivartana kyA isakA koI aisA zAstrIya pramANa upalabdha hai jisase yaha siddha hotA ho ki bharatAdikSetra meM bhautika yA kSetrIya parivartana ho sakatA hai ? ukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna isa prakAra hai: (1) pRthvI kA mUla AkAra bAharI lambAI-caur3AI, paridhi Adi pUrNataH zAzvata hai, yAnI usakA vinAza sambhava nahIM hai / bAhya parimANa meM uccAvacatA avazya sambhava hai / isa parivartana ke bAvajUda usakA mUla sadA aparivartita rahatA hai / (2) api kAla meM bharata va airAvata kSetra ke andara, jisa prakAra kSetrastha manuSyoM kI UMcAI, Ayu, sukha, vibhUti Adi meM kramazaH hrAsa hotA hai, usI prakAra, bharata airAvata kSetroM meM bhI (kSetrIya) parivartana hote haiM / (ka) tatvArtha sUtra ke ( digambaraparamparA-sammata pATha meM upalabdha) tAbhyAmaparA bhUmayo'vasthitAH' (0 sU0 3 / 28) sUtra se spaSTa saMketa hotA hai ki bharata va airAvata kSetra kI bhUmiyAM avasthita ( eka jaisI ) nahIM rahatI / AcArya vidyAnanda ne tattvArthazlokavArtika grantha meM spaSTa kahA hai ki tattvArthasUtra ( bharata rAvatayovRddhi hAsau SaTsamayAbhyAmutsapiNyavasarpiNIbhyAm - 3 / 27 digambara- pATha) meM saMketita parivartana bharatAdikSetra se sambandhita samajhane caahieN| manuSyAdika kI Ayu Adi meM parivartana to gA~ga hI haiN|" 1. (kha) AcArya vidyAnanda ne vArtika ( tasvArtha sUtra- 4 / 13 para) meM kahA hai ki yaha pRthvI sarvatra darpaNayat samatala (caurasa - sapATa) nahIM hai, kyoMki jagaha-jagaha pRthvI kI uccAvacatA kI pratIti pratyakSa ho rahI hai / " - imANaM bhaMte rayaNappabhA puDhavI kAlao kevacciraM hoi ? goyamA ! na kayAi Na Asi Na kayAi Natthi Na kayAi Na bhavissai bhuvica bhavai ya bhavissai ya dhuvA NiyayA sAsayA akkhayA abvayA avaTTiyA NiccA ( jIvAjIvA. sU. 3 / 1 / 78) 1 . 2. na tayoH kSetrayorvRddhihrAsau staH asambhavAt / tatsthAnAM manuSyANAM vRddhi - hAsau bhavataH (ta sU. - 327 para sarvArthasiddhi TIkA ) / hAsorasaMgacchamAnatvAt (ta.sU. 3 / 27 para zrutasAgarIya vRtti) / 3. rAjavArtika (ta. sU. 3127 ) 4. tanmanuSyANAmutsedhAnubhavAyurA vibhin vihAsI pratipAdito na bhUmeH aparapudgalairiti mukhyasya ghaTanAt, anyathA mukhyazabdArthAtikrame prayojanAbhAvAt / tena bharata rAvata yo kSetrayo] dvi-hAsI mukhyataH pratipattavyI guNabhAvatastu tatsthamanuSyANAmiti tathAvacanaM saphalatAstu tatazvAnullaMghitA syAt (ta.sU. 2013 paraloka khaNDa 5 pU. 572) / te - 5. na vayaM darpaNasamata tAmiva bhUmi bhASAmahe pratItivirodhAt / tasyAH kAlAdivAdupacayApacayasiddhenimnonnatakArasabhAvAt (ta. sU. 4 / 16 para zlokavArtika, khaNDa - 5 pR. 563 ) / jaina dharma evaM AcAra 146

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jaina matAnusAra kAla-krama ke sAtha pratyeka bhautika padArtha meM varNa-rasAdigata parivartana svabhAvasiddha haiN|' (ga) zAzvatI vastu meM bhI parivartana hote haiM, isake samarthana meM A0 AtmArAmajI kRta 'samyaktva zalyoddhAra' kA kathana yahAM mananIya hai-"zAzvatI vastu ghaTatI-baDhatI nahIM, so bhI jhUTha hai| kyoMki gaMgA-sindhu kA pravAha, bharatakhaNDa kI bhUmikA, gaMgA-sindha kI vedikA, lavaNa-samudra kA jala vagairaha ghaTate-bar3hate rahate haiM / " 2 . (gha) A0 vinayavijayagaNi kRta lokaprakAza' grantha meM,' tathA uttara purANa, padmapurANa, tiloyapaNNatti.. candraprabhacarita Adi granthoM meM spaSTataH kSetra ko hI hAnivRddhi gata nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| agara kSetrIya parivartana svIkAra na kiyA jAe to bhogabhUmikAla ke aMta meM, caudahaveM kulakara nAbhirAya ke samaya kalpavakSoM kA naSTa honA, unhIM ke samaya binA boye dhAnya paidA honA, bArahaveM kulakara ke samaya adRSTapUrva kunadiyoM va kUparvatoM kA utpanna ho jAnA." pralayakAla (avasarpiNI ke aMtakAla meM) grAma-nagarAdi kA nAza," gaMgA va sindha nadiyoM ko choDa kara sabhI nadiyoM kI samApti.12 gaMgA-sindha nadiyoM kA vistAra ratha yA bailagADI jitanA saMkucita honA," tIrthakara ke kevala jJAna-lAbha ke samaya tInoM lokoM meM prakSobha honA," tathA utsapiNI ke prArambha meM punaH nagarAdikoM, parvatoM, nadiyoM Adi kA punaH nirmANa ho jAnA5 Adi parivartanoM kI saMgati kaise ho sakegI? (ca) anuyogadvAra-sUtra meM ulkApAta, candra-grahaNa, indra-dhanuSa, evaM grAma, nagara bhavana Adi kI zreNI meM hI bharata Adi kSetroM, himavata Adi parvatoM tathA ratnaprabhA Adi pRthiviyoM ko sAdi-pAriNAmika batAyA gayA hai / " yahAM TIkAkAra pR0 A0 ghAsIlAla jI mahArAja ne zaMkA uThAI hai ki varSadhara parvatAdi to zAzvata haiM, phira ve sAdipAriNAmika kaise ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna 1. anuyogadvAra sUtra, 86, sthAnAMga-3/4/468 2. samyaktva zalyoddhAra, pR. 45 3. nAnAvasthaM kAlacarbhArataM kSetramIritam (lokaprakAza-16/1); tathA vahIM, 16/101-103 4. airAvataM samaM vRddhihAnibhyAM parivartanAt (uttara puraann-62/16)| 5. SaSThakAlakSaye sarva kSIyate bhArataM jagat / dharAdharA vizIryante mayaMkAye tu kA kathA (padma purANa-jaina, 117/26) / 6. avasesavaNNaNAo susamassa va hoti tassa khettassa / Navari ya saMThitarUvaM parihINaM hANivaDDhIhi (tiloyapa0-4/1744) // 7. bharatarAvate vRddhihAsinI kAlabhedataH (candraprabhacarita, 18/35) / 8. kalpavRkSavinAze kSudhitAnAM yugalAnAM sasyAdibhakSagopAyaM darzayati (ta. sU. 3/27 para zru tasA. vRtti ), tathA tiloyapa0-4/467, 9. akRSTapacyAni sasyAdIni cotpadyante (ta. sU. 3/27 para zrutasA. vRtti), tathA tiloyapa. 4/467 10. kunadyaH kuparvatAzcotpadyante (ta. sU. 3/27 para zrutasA. vRtti), kaddamapavahaNadIo adiTThapuvAo (tiloya pa. 4/485) / 11. panvayagiriDoMgarutthalabhaTTimAdIe ya veyaD Dhagirivajje virAvehiti (bhagavatI sU. 7/6/31), jaMbUdIva pa. (zvetA.) 2/37, 12. salilavilagaduggavisamaniNNunnatAI gaMgAsiMdhUvajjAiM samIkarehiMti (bhagavatI sU. 7/6/31), tathA jaMbUdIva pa. (zvetA.) 2/36, 13. gaMgAsiMdhUo mahAnadIo rahapahavitthArAo (bhagavatI sU. 7/6/34) / 14. tiloya pa. 3/706 15. bharahe vAse bhavissai parUDharakkhagucchagummalayavallitaNa-pavvayagariyagamo sahie, uvaciyatayapattavAlaMkurapupphaphalasamuie suhovabhoge yAvi bhavissai (jaMbUdIva pa.-zvetA. 2/38) / 16. sAipAriNAmie aNegavihe paNNatte / taM jahA......caMdoSarAgA sUrovarAgA......iMdadhaNa......vAsadharA gAmA NagarA dharA pavvayA pAyAlA bhavaNA nirayA rayaNappahA......paramANupoggale dupaesie bAva aNaMtapaesie (anuyoga dvAra sUtra, 156) / 150 bAcAyarala bhI vezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana anya

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karate hue ve kahate haiM ki varSadharAdi meM jo zAzvatapanA hai, vaha unakA 'apanA AkAra na choDanA' hI hai| zAzvatapanA hone se unameM pariNamana hone kA niSedha nahIM samajhanA caahie|' pratyeka bhautika saMracanA meM saMghaTana-vighaTana kI prakriyA prAkRtika niyamoM ke anurUpa hotI rahatI hai| vighaTana-paryAya ko prApta paramANu pratisamaya (jaghanyakAla) dUra hote raha sakate haiM aura saMghaTana-paryAyayogya dUsare asaMkhya paramANu unameM saMyukta ho sakate haiM / eka sudIrgha avadhi ke bAda, eka-eka karake usa saMsthAna ke sAre paramANu badala jAte haiM, isake bAvajUda, sAmAnya dRSTi meM yaha saMsthAna jyoM kA tyoM aparivartita kahA jAtA hai / saMbhavataH isI dRSTi se jambUdvIpAdi ko zAzvata va azAzvata-donoM kahA gayA hai| (cha) sarvArthasiddhikAra va rAjavArtikakAra dvArA bharatAdikSetragata parivartana ke niSedha kara diye jAne kA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki pathvI eka zAzvata ikAI hai-yaha na kabhI banegI aura na naSTa hogii| jaise, kisI eka ghara meM anekAneka prANiyoM ke marate janmate hue bhI ghara jyoM kA tyoM rahatA hai / usa ghara meM samaya-samaya para parivartana (marammata, pariSkAra Adi) bhI hue haiM, para vaha ghara jitanI jamIna ghere thA, utanI hI jagaha para hai, ghaTA-baDhA nahIM hai / isalie usa ghara ko naSTa nahIM mAnate aura nahIM use dUsarA ghara samajha baiThate haiM / usI taraha, aneka nagara aise haiM jinake nAma sadiyoM se cale A rahe haiN| yadyapi una nagaroM meM aneka bhautika parivartana ho gae haiM, kintu unheM dUsare nagara ke rUpa meM nahIM mAnA jAtA / pRthvI meM bhI yatra-tatra, kAlakrama se, parivartana hote hue bhI parimANa meM vaha jyoM kI tyoM hai / dUsarI bAta, pRthvI Adi meM jo parivartana hotA hai, vaha usake mUlarUpa ko naSTa nahIM karatA, bhale hI prabhAvita avazya karatA ho / astu, zAstroM meM jo pRthvI kA nirUpaNa hai, vaha mUla rUpa kA hI hai| kAlagata sAmayika vRddhi-hrAsa hone para bhI mUla kI avaddhi-ahAni ko dekhate hue, bharatAdi kSetra meM aparivartanIyatA kA nirUpaNa pUrNataH saMgata hotA hai / bharatAdi kSetroM meM parivartana asambhava mAnane ke nirUpaNa ko usI prakAra samajhanA cAhie jaisA ki AtmA ko abaddha va aspRSTa mAnanA, jabaki karmabandha kI prakriyA kA zAstroM meM vistAra se nirUpaNa bhI milatA ho| vastutaH, pRthvI meM parivartana va aparivartana-ye do kathana anekAntAtmaka pravacana (samaya) ke do aMza (bhAga) haiN| sarvajJa vacana to ubhayanayAtmaka hai| eka tarapha bharatAdikSetroM ke parvatAdi kA AkAra-parimANa niyata kara die gae haiM, dUsarI tarapha, utpAdavyayAtmaka paudgalika parivartana kA bhI zAstroM meM nirUpaNa hai, sAtha hI utsarpiNI-Adi kAla-cakrAnurUpa kSetrIya parivartana kA bhI saMketa hai / vyAkhyAtA ko cAhie ki vaha donoM pravacana kadezoM meM paraspara-bAdhakatA udbhAvita na kare, balki samanvaya kA prayAsa kare, bazarte pratyakSAdi-pratIti se virodha na ho| prAyaH isI bhAva ko AcArya vidyAnandi ne tattvArthazlokavArtika meM vyakta kiyA hai|' (ja) rAjavAtikakAra A0 akalaMka jahAM bharatAdi meM kSetragata vRddhi-hrAsa na hone kA nirUpaNa karate haiM, vaha bharatAdi kSetra kI nipatAvadhikatA' ko lakSya meM rakha kara hai, na ki sAmAnya parivartana ko lakSya kara / ' yahAM yaha zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai ki AgamoM meM jo sarvajJa tIrthakara kI vANI hai, isa bhAvI bhaugolika parivartanoM kA saMketa kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA? Aja vijJAna jisa prakAra pramANa sahita yaha batAne meM sakSama hai ki itane varSoM pUrva, amuka rIti se, amuka-amuka kSetrIya parivartana hue haiM, kisI tIrthaMkara ne apane atIta yA bhAvI parivartanoM kA saMketa kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isakA sIdhA-sA samAdhAna yaha nanu varSadharAdayaH zAzvatAH, na te kadAcidapi svakIyaM bhAvaM muJcanti, tatkathaM punareSAM sAdipAriNAmikatvamuktam ? iti cedAhavarSadharAdInAM zAzvatatvaM tadAkAramAtreNeva avatiSThamAnatvAt bodhyam (anuyogadvAra sUtra, sU. 156 para pU. zrI ghAsIlAla jI ma. kRta ttiikaa)| 2. jaMbUdIve......siya sAsae siya asAsae (jaMbUdIva pa. zvetA.-7/177), davvaTThiyAe sAsae, vaNNapajjavehi......asAsae, (vahIM, tathA dra. jIvAjIvAbhigama sU. 3/2/78) / 3. uparyukta, 4. tata evaM sUtradvayena bharatarAvatayostadaparabhUmiSu ca sthiterbhedasya vRddhihrAsayogAyogAbhyAM vihitasya kathanaM na bAdhyate (ta. suu.-3|28 para zlokavArtika, khaNDa-5, pR. 348.46) / 5. imo vaddhi-hAsau, kasya, bharatairAvatayoH / nanu kSetra vyavasthitAvadhike, kathaM tayovaM dvihrAsau? ataH uttaraM paThati-tAtsthyAt tAcchandayasiddhirbharatarAvatayorvRddhihrAsayoga : (rAjavArtika, 3 / 27) / jaina dharma evaM AcAra 251

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hai ki AgamoM meM ukta parivartana ke maulika siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa yatra-tatra-sarvatra huA hai| dUsarI bAta, ananta, padArthoM ke ananta dharmoM meM se kucha kA hI kathana sambhava hotA hai| prajJApanIya padArthoM meM se bhI anantavAM bhAga 'zruta' AgamoM meM nibaddha ho pAtA hai| samasta zruta kA bahuta thor3A sA bhAga aba surakSita raha gayA hai| kaI viSayoM ke upadeza bhI vicchinna ho gae haiM jisakA saMketa bhI jaina zAstrakAroM ne yatratatra diyA hai| sambhava hai, dRSTivAda (dvAdazAMga) ke lupta bhAga meM ve saba bAteM hoM jo aba upalabdha hotI to vaijJAnika jagat upakRta hotA, sAtha hI vijJAna se tathAkathita virodha kI sthiti bhI paidA nahIM hotii| jaina AgamoM va zAstroM meM aneka siddhAnta aise haiM jo paravartIkAla meM vaijJAnika jagat meM AviSkRta va samarthita hue| aneka vaijJAnikoM ne jaina AcAryoM kI sUkSmadazitA ko svIkArA hai| Aja AvazyakatA hai jaina AgamoM va zAstroM ke gambhIra adhyayana kI, aura apaikSA hai kutarka chor3a kara zraddhA-bhAvanA kI', tabhI isa zAstroM se amUlya vicAra-ratnoM ko hama grahaNa kara sakate haiN| 1. (ka) paNNavaNijjA bhAvA aNaMtabhAgo du aNabhilappANaM / paNNavaNijANaM puNa aNaMtabhAgo sudnnibddho|| (gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, 334) zabdAzca sarve saMkhyeyA eva, dravyaparyAyAH punaH saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAnantabhedAH (rAjavArtika, 1/26/4) / avAcyAnAmanantAMzo bhAvA prajJApyamAnakAH / prajJApyamAnabhAvAnAm, anantAMza: zrutoditaH / / (gommaTa jI. kA0 334 para karNATavRtti, pa0 569) (kha) jinavANI eka samudra hai, zAstra to usameM se gRhIta jala-bindu ke samAna haiM jiNavayaNamivovahI suhayo (SaTkhaNDAgamadhavalA (1/1/1, gAthA-50, pR060)| kathitaM tatsamudrasya kaNamekaM vadAmyaham (papapurANa 105/107) / (ga) sarvajJa jinendra deva ke mukha se bhavya-janakalyANArtha jJAna-puSpoM kI vRSTi hotI hai, jise kuzala gaNadhara apane buddhi rUpI vastra meM grahaNa karate haiMtavaniyamanANarukkhaM ArUDho kevalI amiyanANI / to muyai nANavuddhi bhaviyajaNavibohaNaTThAe / taM buddhimaeNa paDeNa gaNaharA genhiu~ niravasesaM / titthayara-bhAsiyAI gaMthaMti tao pavayaNaTThA / / (vizeSAvazyaka bhaassy-1094-1065)| 2. (ka) uvaeso amha ucchiNNo (ti0 pa04/1471) / amhANa Natthi ubadeso (yi0pa0 4/1572) / uvadeso saMpai paNaTo (ti0 pa0 4/2366) / 3. (kha) zvetAmbara paramparA meM 12vAM aMga dRSTibAda pUrNata: naSTa ho gayA hai savvattha viNaM vocchinne diTThivAe (bhagavatI sUtra, 20/8/6) / etacca sarva samUlottarabhedaM sUtrArthato vyavacchinnama (samavAyAMga sUtra ttiikaa)| digambara-paramparA meM dRSTivAda kA kucha aMza (SaTkhaNDAgama va kaSAyapAhuDa granthoM ke rUpa meM) avaziSTa haiMtado sabbesimaMgapuvvANamegadeso Airiya-paramparAe AgacchamANo dharaseNAiriyaM saMpatto'"mahAkammapayaDipAhuDassa vocchedo hohaditti samuppaNNabuddhiNA puNo davapamANANugamAdi kAUNa gaMtharacaNA kadA (SaTkhaNDAgama-dhavalA 1/1/1 pR0 68, 72) / Agamasya atakaMgocaratvAt (dhavalA 1/1/25, pR0 207) / pratyakSAgamabAdhitasya tarkasya apramANatvAt (gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 196 para karNATavRtti -jIva pra0 ttiikaa)| sUkSma jinoditaM tattvaM hetubhirneva hnyte| AjJAsiddha ta tada grAhA nAnyathAvAdino jinA: (AlApapaddhati, 5) / pratyakSaM tad bhagavatAmahatAM taizca bhASitam / gRhyate'stItyataH prAjJanaM chadyastha-parIkSayA (rAjavArtika, 10/8/zloka-32) // tulanA-zraddhAvAMllabhate jJAnam (gItA 4/36) / takasyApratiSThAnAt (brahmasUtra-2/1/1) / tarko'pratiSThaH (mahAbhArata, vanaparva, 313/117) / kutarka ke kAraNa jo saMzaya-grasta haiM, unake antaHkaraNa meM Izvara kA vAsa asambhava hai-sasaMzayAn hetabalAna, nAdhyAvasati mAdhavaH (mahAbhA0 zAMti parva, 346/71) / bhAcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana anya 152