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________________ samagra vijJAna mUlata: do tattvoM se nirmita hai--jIva aura ajIva / donoM tattva anAdi, anaMta aura zAzvata haiN| saMsAra ke vibhinna rUpa, dazA aura pariNAma sabhI ina do tatvoM kI paryAyeM haiN| saMsAra eka vizAla nATyazAlA hai jahA~ jIva prajIva kA nATaka anAdi se hotA rahA hai aura anaMtakAla taka hotA rahegA / jIva nATyakAra hai aura prajIva usakA sahAyaka / jIva moha rUpa madirA ko pIkara unmatta banA apane mUla svabhAva ko bhUla vibhAva dazA meM bahurUpiyA banA bhaTaka rahA hai| yaha anAdi bhaTakAva jIva kA kisa prakAra ruke aura vaha apane mUla zuddha paramAtma-svabhAva ko kaise prApta ho, isa hetu sva-svarUpa ko samajhanA paramAvazyaka hai| sva-svarUpa ko samajhane hetu yahA~ prAtma-vijJAna kA saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai / & jaina darzana meM Atma-vijJAna Atma-tatva kyA hai ? tattva kA artha -- 'tasya bhAvastattvam' ke anusAra sadbhUta vastu ko tattva kahA jAtA hai / jo sadA ajara, amara, anazvara, zAzvata, caitanya, prarUpI aura mUla meM niraMjana, nirAkAra brahma rUpa hai, vahI Atma-tattva hai / Atma-tasva kI pahacAna kyA hai ? jazakaraNa DAgA (1) jo sukha duHkha kI anubhUti karatA hai| (2) jisameM upayoga jJAna vidyamAna rahatA hai| (3) jo prANa cetanAyukta hai aura vIrya zaktivAlA hai| (4) jo naraka, tiyaMca, manuSya va paribhramaNa karatA hai / * prAramA ke ( 5 ) jo zAzvata hai---kabhI naSTa sUkhatA nahIM, jala meM bhIgatA nahIM evaM havA se ur3atA nahIM hai / deva gati rUpa cAroM gatiyoM meM vibhinna dazAnoM meM nahIM hotA hai| jo pragni se jalatA nahIM, dhUpa se mukhya nAma kyA haiM ? saMsAra meM rahI prAtmA vibhinna nAmoM se pahacAnI jAtI hai| mukhya nAma isa prakAra haiM (1) jIva jo jIvasva aura mRtasya paryAya dhAraNa karatA hai| (2) prANI jo mana indriyAdi dasa dravya prANoM aura jJAnadarzana mAdi cAra bhAva prANoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai /
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________________ jaina darzana meM Atma-vijJAna | 301 (3) cetana-jo cetanA yA upayoga zakti se yukta hai| (4) sattva-jo sadbhUta, satya va zAzvata hai| prAtmA ke lakSaNa prAtmA anaMta dharma yukta hai| usake mukhya lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM "nANaM ca saNaM ceva, caritta ca tavo thaa| vIriyaM uvaogo ya, evaM jIvassa lakkhaNaM / " arthAt jJAna, darzana, caritra, tapa, vIrya va upayoga ye jIva ke lakSaNa haiN| inake atirikta agurulaSatva aura amUrtatva Adi bhI jIva ke lakSaNoM meM Ate haiN| AtmA ke vibhinna svarUpa zuddhAtmA jJAna, darzana, sukha aura zakti rUpa catuSTaya se yukta hai| kintu mohagrasta prAtmA apane anaMta aizvarya se vaMcita hai| vibhinna rUpoM meM rahane se usakA vargIkaraNa jJAniyoM ne isa prakAra kiyA hai (1) dravyAtmA-pratyeka prAtmA asaMkhya pradezamaya hai / (2) kaSAyAtmA-krodha, mAna mAyA va lobha meM pravRtta prAtmA / (3) yogAtmA-jo yoga-mana, vacana va kAya sahita ho| (4) upayogAtmA-jo jJAna-darzana meM upayoga-yukta ho| (5) jJAnAtmA-jo jJAna meM pravRtta ho| (6) darzanAtmA-jo darzana meM pravRtta ho| (7) cAritrAtmA-jo cAritra meM pravRtta ho / (8) vIryAtmA-jo puruSArtha se yukta ho| inameM pahalI, cauthI, pAMcavI va chaThI ye cAra prAtmAe~ dravya aura guNa apekSA se hone se sabhI jIvoM meM hotI hai| kintu anya zeSa cAra prAtmAe~ jIva ke azuddha svarUpa meM hI milatI haiN| AtmA ke bhedaH prAtmAeM anaMta haiM aura sabhI kA alaga-alaga astitva hai| unakI vibhinna dazA aura vibhinna paryAyoM kI apekSA se unake bheda spaSTa kie jAte haiM 1. eka bhevaH -sabhI pAtmAe~ cetanA, upayoga yukta haiN| prataH saMgrahanaya kI apekSA saba eka haiM / mAgama meM kahA bhI hai'-'ege pAyA' / kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki AtmAoM kA mastitva alaga-alaga svatantra nahIM hai / dravya kI apekSA sabhI AtmAeM alaga-alaga haiN| agara -aisA na ho to phira eka samaya meM hI eka prAtmA dvArA sukha kI to dUsarI prAtmA dvArA duHkha kI anubhUti yA eka dvArA ha~sanA to dUsarI dvArA ronA Adi vibhinna kriyAe~ kaise hotI? 1. sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 1 pino TIvo
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________________ caturtha khaNDa | 302 2. do bhevaH--siddha aura saMsArI-jo AtmAe~ karmarahita ho va zuddha svarUpa ko prApta ho cukI hoM ve siddha kahalAtI haiM aura jo karma sahita haiM ve saMsArI haiM / 3. tIna bhedaH-(i) bahirAtmA:-jo prAtmasvarUpa ko na samajha zarIra ko hI prAtmA mAnate haiM,viSaya bhogoM meM lage rahate haiM, jo 'jIvet yAvad' sukhaM jIvet, RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pibet / . bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya, punarAgamanaM kutaH / / " ke siddhAnta ko mAnate haiM aura tattva ko yathArthataH nahIM mAnate haiM, ve saba bahirAtmA haiM / yaha AtmA kI hInatama vaibhAvika, aura supta dazA hai / ise ekAnta ajJAna-dazA bhI kahate haiM / (ii) antarAtmA-jo mithyAtva kI bhAva-nidrA se jAgrata ho sva-svarUpa ko jAnakara usameM avasthita hotI haiM, jinameM satya, asatya, dharma, adharma kA viveka jAgrata hotA hai aura jo zarIra va AtmA ko bhinna-bhinna samajhakara bheda jJAna kA anubhava karatI haiM ve AtmAe~ antarAtmA kI zreNI meM AtI haiN| aisI AtmAe~ yathAzakti AtmasAdhanA va dharma meM pravRtta bhI hotI haiN| samyagdRSTi zrAvaka zrAvikAe~ va chadmastha sAdhu sAdhvI saba isa ke arntagata hote haiN| (iii) paramAtmA-paramAtmA kA artha hai parama (pUrNa rUpa se) utkRSTa AtmA / AtmasAdhanA se jo pAtmAeM ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya kara prAtmavikAsa kI sarvocca bhUmikA ko prApta hotI haiM, ve sarvajJa, sarvadarzI ho 'paramAtmasvarUpa' ho jAtI haiN| jaba avazeSa cAra aghAtI karma kSaya ho jAte haiM to sazarIra paramAtmA, azarIrI bana nirAkAra paramAtmA-siddha svarUpa ho jAtI haiN| isa prakAra bahirAtmA saMsArI jIvana kA, antarAtmA sAdhaka jIvana kA aura paramAtmA vizuddha dazA ke pratIka rUpa haiN| pratyeka bahirAtmA (bhavyAtmA) sAdhanA karate-karate jIvana vikAsa kara antarAtmA hokara antataH rAga dveSa kA kSayakara paramAtmA banane kA adhikArI hai| isalie kahA gayA hai-'appA so paramappA / ' tIna bheda anya prakAra se-(i) siddha (ii) trasa aura (iii) sthAvara / (iv) cAra bheda-(i) puruSa vedI (ii) strI vedI (ii) napuMsaka vedI aura (iv) bhvedii| (v) pA~ca bheda-(i) nAraka (ii) tithaMca (iii) manuSya (iv) deva (v) siddha / (vi) chaha bheda--(1) ekendriya (i) dvIndriya (iii) trIindriya (iv) caturindriya (v) paMcendriya (vi) anindriya (siddha) (vii) sAta bheda -(i) pRthvI (i) ap (pAnI) (ii) tejas (agni) (iv) vAyu (v) vanaspati (vi) trasa, kAya tathA (vii) akAya siddha / (vii) ATha bheda-(i) nAraka (i) tithaMca (iii) tiyaMcanI (iv) yanuSya (v) manuSyanI (vi) deva (vii) devI aura (viii) siddh| (ix) nava bheda-(i) nAraka (ii) tiyaMca (iii) manuSya mora (iv) deva, ye cAroM paryApta aura aparyApta tathA navama bheda siddha / (x) basa bheda-pAMca sthAvara (pRthvI, apa prAdi), tIna vikalendriya (dvIndriya, zrIndriya va caturindriya) paMcendriya tathA dasavAM bheda siddh|
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________________ jaina darzana meM Atma-vijJAna | 303 (x) gyAraha bheda-ekendriya se paMcendriya taka ke paryApta va aparyApta kI apekSA dasa bheda aura gyArahavAM bheda siddha / (xii) vAraha bheda-pAMca sthAvaroM ke sUkSma aura bAdara kI apekSA dasa bheda, eka trasa aura bArahavAM siddha / (xiii) teraha bheda-SaTkAya (pAMca sthAvara va trasa) ke paryApta ya aparyApta kI apekSA bAraha bheda tathA terahavAM bheda siddha / (xiv) caudaha bheda-(i) nAraka (ii) tiryaMca (iii) tiryaMcanI (iv) manuSya (v) manuSyanI tathA cAra prakAra ke deva va cAra prakAra kI deviyA~ (bhavanapati, vANavyaMtara, jyotiSka, vaimAnika) yoM teraha bheda / caudahavA~ bheda siddha / (xv) pandraha bheda-(i) sUkSma ekendriya (ii) bAdara ekendriya, tIna vikendriya tathA saMjJI paMcendriya, asaMjJI paMcendriya yoM sAta bheda ke paryApta, aparyApta ye caudaha bheda hote haiN| pandrahavA~ bheda siddh| isa prakAra jIvoM ke vibhinna bheda-prabheda unake vargIkaraNa ke bheda se hote haiN| saMsArI jIvoM ke vistAra se 563 bheda bhI hote haiM / spaSTIkaraNa nava tatva yA paccIsa bola ke thokar3e prAdi meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| ina bhedoM ko dhyAna meM lene se jIvoM kI vibhinna paryAyoM va avasthAnoM kA parijJAna hotA hai jo AtmA kA svarUpa samajhane meM sahAyaka haiN| AtmA kA astittva zAzvata hai cArvAka Adi kucha nAstika AtmA ke pRthak astitva ko nahIM mAnate haiN| unakA kathana hai "ee paMca mahabbhayA, tebbho egotti aahiyaa| aha tesi viNAseNaM viNAso hoi dehinno|"" arthAt pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu aura AkAza ina pAMca mahAbhUtoM se eka prAtmA utpanna hotI hai| ina bhatoM ke nAza hone para AtmA kA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai, kintu yaha mAnya bhrAmaka evaM asatya hai, kyoMki pRthvI Adi bhUtoM ke guNa anya haiM tathA AtmA kA guNa caitanya alaga hai| yadi yaha kathana mAnya kiyA jAe ki saba bhUtoM ke milane se caitanya guNa prakaTa hotA hai, to jo guNa kabhI kisI bhUta meM nahIM, vaha unake milane para kaise udbhUta ho sakatA hai ? kadAcit paMca bhUtoM se jIva kI utpatti mAna lI jAe to phira usakI paMca bhUtoM ke rahate mRtyu nahIM honI caahie| kintu yaha sarvavidita hai ki paMca bhUtoM se yukta deha par3I rahatI hai, aura jIva kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai| yadi paMca bhUtoM meM kisI bhUta kI kamI yA adhikatA se mRtyu ho to usakI prati bhI saba prakAra se kI jA sakatI hai, vizeSakara Aja ke vikasita vijJAnayuga meM aisA karane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM ho sktii| kintu mRtyu hone ke bAda punaH mRta zarIra meM jIvana kA sRjana lAkha prayatna karane para bhI saMbhava nahIM hotaa| 1. sUtrakRtAMga, pra. zru. dhammo dIvo saMsAra susama se
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________________ caturtha khaNDa | 304 kucha dArzanika prAtmA ko to svIkArate haiM kiMtu use zAzvata tattva na mAnakara kSaNika va nazvara mAnate haiM kiMtu yaha mAnyatA bhI asatya hai| prAyaH jAtismaraNa jJAna kI ghaTanAeM prakAza meM AtI rahatI haiN| aneka AtmAoM ne apane pUrvabhavoM ko batAyA hai aura parAvaijJAnikoM dvArA jAMca karane para punarjanma kI aneka ghaTanAyeM satya siddha huI haiM, jo prAtmA ke zAzvata astitva kI puSTi karatI haiN| zrImad rAjacandra, jo isa yuga ke eka viziSTa sAdhaka aura tattvavettA hue haiM tathA jinheM jAtismaraNa jJAna huA thA, unhoMne AtmA kI anubhUti kara AtmA ke astitva kI puSTi kI hai| "AtmAnI zaMkA kare AtmA pote Apa / zaMkAnuM karanAra te, acaraja eha amApa / jar3a thI cetana Upaje, cetana thI jar3a thAya / ehavo anubhava koI ne, kyAre kadIna thaay|| krodhAdi taratamyatA, sAdika ne mAMya / pUrva janma saMskAra te, jIva nityatA tyAMya // AtmA dravya nitya cha, paryAyo palaTAya / bAlAdika vaya maNa nu, jJAna eka ne thAya // " vastutaH AtmA arUpI amUrta tattva hai| dikhAI nahIM dene se aneka loga nahIM mAnate haiN| kintu kevala dikhAI na dene se usakA astitva na mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| aneka rUpI padArtha bhI sUkSma hone se naz2ara nahIM pAte jaise dhvani, vidyut pravAha, vAyu Adi / kintu inake astitva ko sabhI svIkArate haiN| phira AtmA to aisA alaukika sUkSma tattva hai jisameM zabda, varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, rUpa Adi kucha nahIM hai / vaha kevala jJAnamaya aura upayoga rUpa hai| ataH vaha zarIra, mana, buddhi, indriya sabhI para niyaMtraNa karane vAlA hokara bhI ina sabakI pakar3a se pare hai| aise vilakSaNa mahAna Atmatattva ko svAnubhUti se ni:zaMka svIkAra kiyA jAnA caahie| AtmA hI naraka, svarga aura mokSa haibhagavAn mahAvIra ne prAtmA kA viziSTa svarUpa darzAte hue kahA hai "appA naI veyaraNI, appA me kuuddsaamlii| appA kAmaduhA gheNU, appA me nandanaM vanaM // "2 arthAt prAtmA hI naraka kI vaitaraNI nadI va zAlmalI vRkSa hai tathA AtmA hI kAmadhenU gAya aura nandana vana hai| "appA kattA vikattA ya, buhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittamamittaM ca, duppttttiysuptttthio|" arthAt prAtmA svayaM hI apane sukha du:kha kA kartA hartA hai, sadA sanmArga para lagI haI pAtmA apanI mitra hai aura kumArga para lagI huI durAcArI AtmA apanI zatru hai| 2. uttarA. a. ra. gA. 36 / 3. uttarA. a. ra. gA. 36 /
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________________ jaina darzana meM Atma-vijJAna | 305 "appANameva junjhAhi, ki te jujjheNa bjjho| appaNAmeva appANaM, jaittA suhamehae // " arthAta prAtmA se hI saMgharSa kara, bAhara kisase kara rahA hai ? jo pAtmA se prAtmA ko jItatA hai vahI sukhI hotA hai| "appA ceva dameyavvo, appA hu khalu duddmo| appA baMto suhI hoi, assi loe parattha y||"5 arthAt AtmA para hI niyaMtraNa kro| AtmA hI durjeya hai| jo pAtmA para niyaMtraNa kara letA hai, vaha isa loka tathA paraloka meM sukhI hotA hai| Atma-vijJAna kI durlabha prApti nava tattvoM meM jIva tattva pramukha va prathama hai| kintu isakI samyak samajha va zraddhA ati durlabha hai| prathama to tattva ko jAnane va tattvasaMbaMdhI zravaNa kI ruci hI saba jIvoM ko nahIM hotI hai| jJAnI kahate haiM "biralA suNenti taccaM, biralA jaNaMti taccado taccaM / biralA bhAvahi taccaM, biralANaM dhAraNA hovi // " arthAt birala (puNyazAlI-nikaTabhavya ) prAtmAe~ tattva kI bAta sunanA pasaMda karatI haiM, sunane vAloM meM bhI birala vyakti tattva ko jAna pAte haiN| jAnakAroM meM bho birala hI bhAva se thA bhAva se svIkArane vAloM meM bhI usakI (samyaka) zraddhA karane vAle aura bhI virala hote haiN| tIrthaMkara prabhu ke nikaTa sevA meM rahane vAle aura nava pUrvo taka kA jJAna prApta kara lene vAle bhI aneka jIva aise hote haiM jo prAtma-tattva ke viSaya meM paryApta jAnakArI rakhate hue bhI Atma-tattva kI samyaka zraddhA se vihIna hote haiN| unake jJAna se dUsare jIva pAtmajJAnI ho kalyANa ko prApta karate haiM kiMtu ve ekAnta mithyAdRSTi hI bane rahate haiN| ve bahuzruta aura mahAn paMDita hote hue bhI AtmA ke prati zaMkAgrasta bane rahate haiN| cAroM vedoM ke pAThI mahApaNDita indrabhUti gautama jaise mahApuruSa bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra se sadbodha pAne se pUrva 'prAtma-tattva' ke prati zaMkAzIla hI the| isa prAtma-tattva para samyag zraddhA lAye binA jIva koI kitanA hI tyAga, tapa aura kriyAkANDa kare, usakA pRthama guNasthAna (mithyAtva) bhI nahIM chuTa pAtA hai| jaise binA aMka ke zUnya (bindu) kitane bhI hoM unakA mahattva nahIM, vaise hI mokSa mArga meM binA prAtma-zraddhAna ke kriyA kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra prabha ne zarIra ko naukA, prAtmA ko nAvika aura saMsAra ko samudra 4. uttarA a. 9, gA. 35 5. uttarA. a. 1, gA. 15 .
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 306 kI upamA dete hue pharamAyA hai ki mahAn mokSa kI eSaNA karane vAle maharSi saMsAra-samudra ko tara jAte haiN| ataH bhavya AtmAoM ko Agama pramANa aura gurugama se svAnubhUtipUrvaka AtmavijJAna ko yathArthataH samajha kara usa para samyak zraddhA lAkara saMsAra-samudra se tirane kI kalA-bheda vijJAna ko prApta kara tadanurUpa puruSArtha se mokSa kI prApti karanA caahie| yahI abhISTa hai| -ToMka 6. uttarA. a.23 gA.43