Jain Dharm ka Ek Vilupta Sampraday Yapaniya

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Z_Shwetambar_Sthanakvasi_Jain_Sabha_Hirak_Jayanti_Granth_012052.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210743/1

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jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya sAmAnyatayA Aja vidvatvarga aura jana-sAdhAraNa jaina dharma ke do pramukha sampradAyoM zvetAmbara aura digambara se hI paricita haiM kintu usakA 'yApanIya' nAmaka eka anya mahattvapUrNa sampradAya bhI thA, jo I0 san kI dUsarI zatI se pandrahavIM zatAbdI taka (lagabhaga 1400 varSa ) jIvita rahA aura jisane na kevala aneka jina-mandira banavAye evaM mUrtiyA~ sthApita kIM, apitu jaina-sAhitya kSetra meM aura vizeSakara zaurasenI jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM bhI mahattvapUrNa avadAna pradAna kiyaa| yaha sampradAya Aja se 50 varSa pUrva taka jaina samAja ke lie pUrNata: ajJAta banA huA thaa| saMyoga se vigata 50 varSoM kI zodhAtmaka pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa isa sampradAya ke kucha abhilekha evaM grantha prakAza meM Aye haiN| phira bhI abhI taka isa sampradAya para cAra-pA~ca lekhoM ke atirikta koI bhI vizeSa sAmagrI prakAzita nahIM huI hai| sarvaprathama pro0 e. ena upAdhye evaM paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI ne hI isa sambandha meM kucha lekha prakAzita kiye the kintu unake pazcAt isa dizA meM punaH udAsInatA A gaI hai / prastuta lekha usI udAsInatA ko tor3ane kA eka prayAsa mAtra hai| AzA hai jaina vidyA ke vidvAna isa dizA meM sakriya hoNge| 1 1 Aja vizRGkhalita hote hue jaina samAja ke lie isa sampradAya kA jJAna aura bhI Avazyaka hai kyoMki isa sampradAya kI mAnyatAe~ Aja bhI jainadharma kI digambara aura zvetAmbara zAkhAoM ke bIca yojaka kar3I bana sakatI haiN| durbhAgya se Aja bhI aneka jaina vidvAn aura munijana yaha nahIM jAnate haiM ki eka aisA sampradAya jo zvetAmbara aura digambara ke madhya eka yojaka kar3I ke rUpa meM vidyamAna thA evaM lagabhaga 1400 varSoM taka apane ko jIvita banAye rakhakara Aja se 600 varSa pUrva kAla ke garbha meM aisA vilIna ho gayA ki Aja loga usakA nAma taka nahIM jAnate haiM Aja jaina dharma meM 'yApanIya' paramparA kA koI bhI anuyAyI nahIM hai| yaha paramparA Aja mAtra itihAsa kI vastu banakara raha gayI hai kintu inake dvArA sthApita mandira evaM mUrtiyA~ tathA sRjita sAhitya sahaja hI Aja hameM usakA smaraNa karA dete haiN| Aja jaba jaina dharma meM bhI sAmpradAyika abhiniveza dRDhamUla hotA jA rahA hai, yApanIya saMgha ke itihAsa aura unakI mAnyatAoM kA bodha na kevala jaina saMgha meM samanvaya kA sUtrapAta kara sakatA hai, varan TUTate hue jaina saMgha ko punaH ekatA kI kar3I meM jor3a sakatA hai| vastutaH 'yApanIya' paramparA vaha setu hai jo zvetAmbara aura digambara ke bIca kI khAI ko pATane meM Aja bhI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA adA kara sakatA hai| agrima paMktiyoM meM hama aise mahattvapUrNa aura samanvayavAdI sampradAya ke sandarbha meM gaveSaNAtmaka dRSTi se kucha vicAra karane kA prayatna kreNge| / zabda ke aneka rUpa upalabdha hote haiM yathA- yApanIya, jApanIya, yapanI, ApanIya, yApuliya, Apuliya, jApuliya, jAvulIya, jAviliya, jAvaliya jAvaligeya, Adi Adi sarvaprathama 'yApanIya' zabda kA prayoga hameM jaina Agama sAhitya aura pAlI tripiTaka sAhitya meM prApta hotA hai| prAkRta aura pAlI sAhitya meM 'yApanIya' zabda kA prayoga kuzala-kSema pUchane ke prasaMga meM hI huA hai| dUsaroM se kuzala-kSema pUchate samaya yaha pUchA jAtA thA ki ApakA 'yApanIya' kaisA hai (kiM yApanIyaM ? ) / 'bhagavatI' nAmaka jaina Agama meM yApanIya kA prAkRta rUpa 'jAvanicca' prApta hotA hai| bhagavatI meM somila nAmaka brAhmaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra se prazna karatA hai- he bhante ApakI yAtrA kaisI huI? ApakA yApanIya kaisA hai ? ApakA svAsthya (avvAvaha) kaisA hai ? ApakA vihAra kaisA hai ?3 bhagavatI aura jJAtAdharmakathA meM isa prasaMga meM do prakAra se yApanIyoM kI carcA huI hai indriya yApanIya aura no indriya yApanIya / indriya yApanIya kI vyAkhyA karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki merI zrotra Adi pA~coM indriyA~ vyAdhirahita evaM mere niyantraNa meM haiM / isI prakAra no-indriya yApanIya ko spaSTa karate hue unhoMne kahA thA ki mere krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha vicchinna yA nirmUla ho gaye haiM, aba ve abhivyakta vA prakaTa nahIM hote hai? ! uparyukta carcA se spaSTa rUpa se yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki bhagavatIsUtra meM indriya aura mana kI niyantrita evaM zAnta sthiti ke artha meM hI yApanIya zabda kA prayoga huA hai| indriyoM kI vRttiyoM aura mana kI vAsanAoM kA zAnta evaM niyantrita honA hI yApanIya kI kuzalatA kA sUcaka hai / vastutaH yaha manuSya ke mAnasika kuzala kSema kA sUcaka hai| 'kiM javaNicca' kA artha hai ApakI manodazA kaisI hai ? ataH yApanIya zabda manodazA (Mood) yA mAnasika sthiti (Mental state) kA sUcaka hai| isa zabda kA prayoga mana kI prasannatA ko jAnane ke lie prazna ke rUpa meM kiyA jAtA thA / bauddha pAlI sAhitya meM bhI isa zabda kA prayoga isI artha meM huA hai| bhagavAna buddha kA apane grAma meM Agamana hone para bhRgu, bhagavAna se bhagavAna se pUchate haiM ki he bhikSu ApakA kSamA-bhAva kaisA hai ? ApakA yApanIya kaisA hai ? Apako AhAra Adi ke lAbha meM koI kaThinAI to nahIM hai ? pratyuttara meM bhagavAna buddha ne kahA, merA kSamA-bhAva (kSamanIya) acchA hai, merA yApanIya sundara hai| mujhe AhAra-lAbha meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hai| isa prakAra yahA~ bhI yApanIya zabda jIvana-yAtrA ke kuzala-kSema ke sandarbha meM hI prayukta huA hai| 'kicca yApanIya' kA artha hai ApakI jIvana-yAtrA kaisI cala rahI hai ? isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki jahA~ pAlI sAhitya meM 'yApanIya' zabda jIvana yAtrA ke sAmAnya artha kA sUcaka hai| vahA~ jaina sAhitya meM yApanIya zabda kA artha bhASA evaM uccAraNa bheda ke AdhAra para Aja hameM 'yApanIya' vaha indriyoM evaM mana kI vRttiyoM yA manodazA kA sUcaka hai, bhagavatI .

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616 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 aura jJAtAdharmakathA meM 'indriya-yApanIya' aura 'no-indriya-yApanIya' ko pro0 ema0 e0 DhAkI yApanIya zabda ko mUla meM yAvanika spaSTa karate hue yahI batAyA gayA hai ki jisakI indriyA~ svastha aura mAnate haiM / unake anusAra sambhAvanA yaha hai ki mathurA meM zaka aura niyantraNa meM haiM tathA jisakA mana vAsanAoM ke Avega se rahita evaM kuSANoM ke kAla meM kucha yavana jaina muni bane hoM aura unakI paramparA zAnta ho cukA hai, aise niyantrita indriya aura manavAle vyakti kA yAvanika (yavana-ika) kahI jAtI ho / unake matAnusAra 'yAvanika' yApanIya kuzala hai / yadyapi yahA~ 'yApanIya' zabda indriya aura mana kI zabda Age cala kara yApanIya bana gayA hai / yaha satya hai ki yApanIya vRttiyoM kA sUcaka hai kintu apane mUla artha meM to yApanIya zabda vyakti paramparA kA vikAsa mathurA meM usI kAla meM huA hai, jaba zaka, hUNa kI 'jIvana-yAtrA' kA sUcaka hai / vyakti kI jIvanayAtrA ke kuzalakSema Adi ke rUpa meM yavana bhArata meM praviSTa ho cuke the aura mathurA unakA ko jAnane ke lie hI usa yuga meM yaha prazna kiyA jAtA thA ki ApakA kendra bana gayA thaa| phira bhI vyAkaraNa-zAstra kI dRSTi se yAvanika kA yApanIya kaisA hai ? bauddha paramparA meM isI artha meM yApanIya zabda kA yApanIya rUpa bananA yaha santoSajanaka vyAkhyA nahIM hai| prayoga hotA thA kintu jaina paramparA ne use eka AdhyAtmika artha pradAna saMskRta aura hindI zabda kozoM meM 'yApana' zabda kA eka kiyA thA / jJAtAdharmakathA evaM bhagavatI meM mahAvIra 'yAtrA' ko jJAna, artha parityAga karanA yA niSkAsita karanA bhI batAyA gayA hai| pro0 darzana aura cAritra kI sAdhanA se jor3A to 'yApanIya' ko indriya aura ApTe ne 'yApya' zabda kA artha nikAle jAne yogya, tiraskaraNIya yA mana kI vRttiyoM se / isa prakAra nirgrantha paramparA meM yApanIya zabda kA nIca bhI batAyA hai. isa AdhAra para yApanIya zabda kA artha nIca, eka nayA artha liyA gyaa| pro0 e. ena. upAdhye yahA~ apanA mata vyakta tiraskRta yA niSkAsita bhI hotA hai / ata: saMbhAvanA yaha bhI ho sakatI karate hue likhate haiM ki-"nAyAdhammakahAo (jJAtAdharmakathA) meM 'indiya hai ki isa varga ko tiraskRta, niSkAsita yA parityakta mAnakara 'yApanIya' javaNijje' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isakA artha yApanIya na kahA gayA ho| hokara yamanIya hotA hai, jo yam (niyantraNa) dhAtu se banatA hai / isakI vastuta: prAcIna jaina AgamoM evaM pAlI tripiTaka meM yApanIya tulanA 'thavaNijja' zabda se kI jA sakatI hai jo sthApanIya zabda ke zabda jIvana-yAtrA ke artha meM hI prayukta hotA thA / 'ApakA yApanIya lie prayukta hotA hai / isa taraha 'javaNijja' kA sahI saMskRta rUpa kaisA hai' isakA artha hotA thA ki ApakI jIvana-yAtrA kisa prakAra cala yApanIya nahIM ho sktaa| ata: javaNijja' sAdhu ve haiM jo yama-yAma kA rahI hai / isa AdhAra para merA yaha mAnanA hai ki jinakI jIvana-yAtrA jIvana bitAte the / isa sandarbha meM pArzva prabhu ke caujjAma-cAturyAma dharma suvidhApUrvaka calatI ho ve yApanIya haiM / sambhavata: jisa prakAra uttara se yama-yAma kI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai|"6 bhArata meM zvetAmbaroM ne isa paramparA ko apane sAmpradAyika durabhiniveza meM kintu pro0 e. ena. upAdhye kA 'javanicca' kA yamanIya artha 'boTika' arthAt bhraSTa yA patita kahA; usI prakAra dakSiNa meM digambara karanA ucita nahIM hai / yadi unhoMne vinayapiTaka kA uparyukta prasaMga dekhA paramparA ne bhI unheM suvidhAvAdI jIvana ke AdhAra para athavA unheM hotA jisameM 'yApanIya' zabda kA jIvanayAtrA ke kuzala-kSema jAnane ke tiraskRta mAnakara yApanIya kahA ho| sandarbha meM spaSTa prayoga hai, to sambhavata: ve isa prakAra kA artha nahIM isa prakAra hamane yahA~ yApanIya zabda kI sambhAvita vibhinna karate / yadi usa yuga meM isa zabda kA 'yamanIya' ke rUpa meM prayoga hotA vyAkhyAoM ko prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| kintu Aja yaha batA to phira pAlI sAhitya meM yApanIya zabda kA spaSTa prayoga na milakara pAnA to kaThina hai ki ina vividha vikalpoM meM se kisa AdhAra para isa 'yamanIya' zabda kA hI prayoga milatA / ata: spaSTa hai ki mUla zabda varga ko yApanIya kahA gayA thA / 'yApanIya' hI hai, yamanIya nahIM hai / yadyapi AgamoM meM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se yApanIya zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue use avazya hI mana aura boTika zabda kI vyAkhyA indriya kI niyaMtrita yA saMyamita dazA kA sUcaka mAnA gayA hai| yApanIyoM ke lie zvetAmbara paramparAmeM lagabhaga 8vIM zatAbdI yApanIya zabda kI uparyukta vyAkhyAoM ke atirikta vidvAnoM taka 'boDiya' (boTika) zabda kA prayoga hotA rahA hai / merI jAnakArI ne usakI anya vyAkhyAyeM bhI dene kA prayatna kiyA hai / pro0 tailaMga ke ke anusAra zvetAmbara paramparA meM sabase pahale haribhadra ke granthoM meM anusAra yApanIya zabda kA artha binA Thahare sadaiva vihAra karane vAlA yApanIya zabda kA prayoga huA hai / 12 phira bhI yApanIya aura boTika eka hai| sambhava hai ki jaba uttara aura dakSiNa bhArata meM caityavAsa arthAt hI haiM - aisA spaSTa ullekha kahIM nahIM milatA hai| haribhadra bhinna-bhinna mandiroM meM apanA maTha banAkara rahane kI pravRtti panapa rahI thI taba una prasaMgoM meM ina donoM zabdoM kI vyAkhyA to karate haiM kintu ye donoM zabda muniyoM ko jo caityavAsa kA virodha kara sadaiva vihAra karate the - paryAyavAcI haiM, aisA spaSTa ullekha nahIM karate haiN| yApanIya kahA gayA ho / kintu isa vyAkhyA meM kaThinAI yaha hai ki 'boDiya' zabda kA saMskRta rUpAntaraNa boTika kiyA gayA hai| caityavAsa kA vikAsa paravartI hai, vaha IsA kI cauthI yA pA~cavIM zatI meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI zAntyAcArya kI TIkA meM boTika zabda kI vyAkhyA prArambha huA jaba ki yApanIya saMgha IsA kI dUsarI ke anta yA tIsarI karate hue kahA gayA hai - "boTikAzcAsau cAritravikalatayA muNDamAtratvena13 zatI ke prArambha meM astitva meM A cukA thaa| arthAt cAritrika vikalatA ke kAraNa mAtra muNDita boTika kahe jAte yApanAma

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jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya 617 haiN| kintu isa vyAkhyA se boTika zabda para koI vizeSa prakAza nahIM Age calakara isa varga ne svayaM apane lie 'yApanIya' zabda ko pdd'taa| mAtra boTikoM ke caritra ke sambandha meM jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| svIkAra kara liyA hogA kyoMki yApanIya zabda kI vyAkhyA prazasta merI dRSTi meM prAkRta ke 'boDiya' ke sthAna para 'vADiya' zabda artha meM bhI sambhava hai| abhilekhoM meM bhI ye apane ko 'yApanIya' ke honA cAhie thA jisakA saMskRta rUpa vATika hogaa| 'vATika' zabda kA rUpa meM hI aMkita karavAte the / artha vATikA yA udyAna meM rahane vAlA hai / vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM / zivabhUti kI kathA se spaSTa hai ki boTika muni nagna rahate the, bhikSAdi yApanIya saMgha ko utpatti prasaMga ko chor3akara sAmAnyatayA grAma yA nagara meM praveza nahIM karate the yApanIya sampradAya kaba utpanna huA? yaha prazna vicAraNIya aura ve nagara ke bAhara udyAnoM yA vATikAoM meM hI nivAsa karate the| hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA dharma saMgha kaba aura kisa prakAra vibhAjita hotA ata: sambhAvanA yaha hai ki vATikA meM nivAsa ke kAraNa ve gayA isake prAcInatama ullekha hameM kalpasUtra aura nandIsUtra kI vADiya yA bADiya kahe jAte hogeM jo Age calakara 'boDiya' ho gyaa| sthavirAvaliyoM meM milatA hai| ye sthavirAvaliyA~ spaSTa rUpa se hameM yaha hameM kalpasUtra meM vesavADiya (vaizyavATika) uDuvADiya (RtuvATika) batAtI haiM ki yadyapi mahAvIra kA dharmasaMgha vibhinna gaNoM meM vibhAjita Adi gaNoM ke ullekha milate haiM5 / jisa prakAra zvetapaTa prAkRta meM huA aura ye gaNa zAkhAoM meM, zAkhAyeM kula meM aura kula sambhogoM meM setapaTa> seapaDa> seaaDa> sebar3A ho gayA, usI prakAra sambhavataH vibhAjita hue, phira bhI nandIsUtra aura kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvaliyoM meM vATika) vADiya> bADiya > boDiya ho gayA ho / Aja bhI mAlava aisA koI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai jisase mahAvIra ke dharmasaMgha ke pradeza meM udyAna ko bADI kahA jAtA hai / isI prasaMga meM mujhe mAlavI yApanIya, zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAoM meM vibhAjita hone kI koI bolI meM prayukta 'boDA' zabda kA bhI smaraNa ho jAtA hai| gujarAtI evaM sUcanA milatI ho / ina donoM sthavirAvaliyoM meM bhI kalpasUtra kI mAlavI meM kezarahita mastaka vAle vyakti ko 'boDA' kahA jAtA hai| sthavirAvalI apekSAkRta prAcIna hai, isameM do bAra parivardhana huA hai| sambhAvanA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki luMcita keza hone se unheM 'boDiya' antima parirvadhana vIra nirvANa samvat 980 arthAt IsA kI pA~cavIM kahA gayA ho / zabdoM ke rUpa parivartana kI ye vyAkhyAe~ maineM apanI zatAbdI kA hai / nandIsUtra kI sthavirAvalI bhI isI kAla kI hai buddhyanusAra karane kI ceSTA kI hai| bhASAzAstra ke vidvAnoM se apekSA hai kintu donoM sthavirAvaliyA~ sthUlabhadra ke ziSyoM se alaga ho jAtI ki isa sambandha meM vizeSa prakAza ddaaleN| haiN| inameM kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI kA sambandha vAcaka vaMza se jor3A pro0 ema0 e0 DhAkI boTika kI merI isa vyAkhyA se jAtA hai| sambhavata: gaNadharavaMza saMgha vyavasthApaka AcAryoM kI sahamata nahIM hai / unakA kahanA hai ki 'boTavU' zabda Aja bhI gujarAtI paramparA (Administrative lineage) kA sUcaka hai jabaki vAcaka meM bhraSTa yA apavitra ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai| sambhavata: yaha dezIya vaMza upAdhyAyoM yA vidyAguruoM kI paramparA kA sUcaka hai / vAcaka zabda ho aura usa yuga meM bhI isI artha meM prayukta hotA ho / ata: vaMza vidyAvaMza hai / yaha vidvAn jainAcAryoM ke nAmoM kA kAlakrama se zvetAmbaroM ne unheM sAmpradAyika abhinivezavaza 'boDiya' kahA hogaa| saMkalana hai| kyoMki zvetAmbara paramparA unake lie mithyAdRSTi, prabhUtatara visaMvAdI, kalpasUtra aura nandIsUtra kI sthavirAvaliyA~ antima rUpa se sarvavisaMvAdI aura sarvApalApI jaise anAdarasUcaka zabdoM kA prayoga kara devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNa taka kI paramparA kA vIranirvANa se eka hajAra varSa rahI thii| bhojapurI aura avadhI meM boranA yA bUr3anA zabda DUbane ke artha taka arthAt I. pU. pA~cavIM zatI se IsA kI pA~cavIM zatI taka kA meM prayukta hote haiM / vyaJjanA se isakA artha bhI patita yA girA huA ho ullekha karatI haiM, phira bhI isameM sampradAya bheda kI kahIM carcA nahIM haiM, sakatA hai| mAtra gaNabheda Adi kI carcA hai / 'boDiya' zabda kI ina vibhinna vyAkhyAoM meM mujhe pro0 zvetAmbara paramparA ke upalabdha Agamika sAhitya sthAnAGga aura DhAkI kI vyAkhyA adhika yuktisaMgata lagatI hai / kyoMki isa Avazyakaniyukti meM hameM sAta nihnavoM kA ullekha milatA hai / (nihnava vyAkhyA se yApanIya aura boTika zabda paryAyavAcI bhI bana jAte haiM17 ve haiM jo saiddhAntika yA dArzanika mAnyatAoM ke sandarbha meM matabheda rakhate yadi yApanIya kA artha tiraskRta yA niSkAsita aura boTika kA artha haiM, kintu AcAra aura vaMza vahI rakhate haiN|) ina sAta nihnavoM meM kahIM bhraSTa yA patita hai, to donoM paryAyavAcI hI siddha hote haiN| kintu hameM bhI boTika (boDiya) jinheM sAmAnyatayA digambara mAna liyA jAtA hai, yaha smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki ye donoM nAma unheM sAmpradAyika durabhiniveza kintu vastuta: jo yApanIya haiM, kA ullekha nahIM hai / boTika sampradAya ke vaza diye gaye haiM / jahA~ zvetAmbaroM ne unheM boDiya (boTika-bhraSTa) kA sarvaprathama ullekha Avazyaka mUlabhASya kI gAthA 145 se 148 kahA, vahIM digambaroM ne unheM yApanIya-tiraskRta yA niSkAsita khaa| taka meM milatA hai22 / ye gAthAyeM haribhadra kI Avazyakaniyukti kI TIkA inake lie boTika zabda kA prayoga kevala ztetAmbara paramparA ke meM niyukti gAthA 783 ke pazcAt saMkalita haiM / isa prakAra zvetAmbara Agamika vyAkhyA granthoM taka hI sImita rahA hai, ina granthoM ke Agamika sAhitya Avazyaka mUlabhASya kI racanA ke pUrva taka boTika, atirikta isa zabda kA prayoga anyatra kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| yApanIya evaM digambara paramparAoM ke sambandha meM hameM koI sUcanA nahIM

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618 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 detA hai / Azcarya yaha hai ki strImukti evaM kevalIkavalAhAra kA niSedha zvetAmbara paramparA meM matabheda aura saMghabheda sambandhI jo sUcanAyeM karane vAlI digambara paramparA kA ullekha to vikrama kI AThavIM zatI ke upalabdha haiM, unameM prathamataH sthAnAGga evaM Avazyakaniyukti meM sAta pUrva kisI bhI zvetAmbara grantha meM nahIM milatA hai / sAhityika dRSTi se nihnavoM kI carcA hai / ye sAta nihnava jAmAli, tiSyagupta, ASAr3ha, yApanIya sampradAya ke sambandha meM jo ullekha upalabdha haiM ve lagabhaga IsA azvamitra, gaMga, rohagupta aura goSTamahila haiN| inameM prathama do mahAvIra ke kI 5vIM zatAbdI yA usake pazcAt ke haiM / yadyapi aisA lagatA hai ki jIvana kAla meM aura zeSa pA~ca unake nirvANa ke pazcAt 214 se 584 isake pUrva bhI yaha sampradAya astitva meM to avazya hI A gayA thaa| varSa ke bIca meM hue haiM28 / kintu inameM boTika yA boDiya kA kahIM bhI jahA~ taka abhilekhIya sAkSyoM kA prazna hai, mathurA ke IsA kI ullekha nahIM hai / hama Upara dekha cuke haiM ki boDiya (boTika) kA prathama aura dvitIya zatAbdI ke jo jaina abhilekha upalabdha haiM, inameM sarvaprathama ullekha AvazyakamUlabhASya meM hai / isake anusAra vIra nivArNa gaNoM, zAkhAoM, kuloM evaM sambhogoM ke ullekha milate haiM / ye samasta ke 609 varSa ke pazcAt rathavIrapura nagara ke dIpaka udyAna meM ajja kaNha gaNa, kula, zAkhAyeM aura sambhoga kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI ke anusAra ke ziSya zivabhUti dvArA boTika paramparA kI utpatti huI29 / hI haiM22 / digambara sAhitya meM hameM ina gaNoM, zAkhAoM evaM kuloM kA AvazyakamUlabhASya, Avazyakaniyukti evaM vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke madhyakAla kiJcita bhI saMketa upalabdha nahIM hotA hai / yadyapi mathurA se upalabdha una kI racanA hai / upalabdha Avazyakaniyukti vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt 584 sabhI mUrtiyoM aura AyAgapaTToM (jinapara ye abhilekha aMkita haiM) meM varSa taka kI arthAt IsA kI prathama zatI kI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha tIrthaGkara ko nagna rUpa meM aMkita kiyA gayA hai kintu vahIM usI kAla karatI hai, ata: usake pazcAt hI usakA racanA kAla mAnA jA sakatA meM kalpasUtra evaM AcArAGga (dvitIya zrutaskaMdha) meM ullikhita mahAvIra ke hai / vizeSAvazyakabhASya kA racanAkAla sAmAnyatayA IsA kI chaThI garbhaparivartana kI ghaTanA kA aMkana bhI upalabdha hotA hai24 / sAtha hI una zatAbdI kA antima caraNa (zaka 531 ke pUrva ) mAnA jAtA hai / abhilekhoM meM kalpasUtra ke anurUpa gaNa, kula,, zAkhA aura saMbhogoM ke ata: isa avadhi ke bIca hI boTika mata yA yApanIya paramparA kA ullekha yaha sUcita karate haiM ki ye sabhI abhilekha aura mUrtiyA~ digambara prAdurbhAva huA hogA / AvazyakamUlabhASya meM jo vIra nirvANa ke 609 paramparA se sambaddha nahIM haiM / puna: mathurA ke prAcIna zilpa meM muni ke hAtha varSa bAda arthAt IsA kI dvitIya zatI meM isa sampradAya kI utpatti kA kI kalAI para laTakate hue vastra-khaNDa kA aMkana bhI jisase ve apanI ullekha hai, vaha kisI sImA taka satya pratIta hotA hai| nagnatA ko chipAye hue haiM, isa zilpa ko digambara paramparA se pRthak digambara paramparA meM jaina saMgha ke vibhAjana kI sUcanA dene karatA hai25 / punaH mathurA kA jaina zilpa yApanIya bhI nahIM kahA jA vAlA koI prAcIna graMtha nahIM hai, mAtra I0 san 942 (vi0 saM0999) sakatA hai kyoMki yApanIya paramparA kI utpatti isase paravartI hai isameM meM devasena dvArA racita 'darzanasAra' hai32 / isa grantha ke anusAra vikrama Arya kRSNa (ajja kaNha) kA jinake ziSya zivabhUti se Avazyaka kI mRtyu ke 136 varSa pazcAt saurASTra deza ke valabhI nagarI meM zvetAmbara mUlabhASya meM boTika yA yApanIya paramparA kA vikAsa mAnA gayA hai, saMgha kI utpatti huii| isameM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki zrIkalaza nAmaka nAmollekha pUrvaka aMkana upalabdha hai / paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI ne zvetAmbara muni se vikrama saMvat 205 meM yApanIya saMgha utpanna huaa| ise ardhasphAlaka sampradAya kA mAnA hai26, kintu isa sampradAya ke cU~ki 'darzanasAra' AvazyakamUlabhASya kI apekSA paryApta paravartI hai astitva kA dazavIM zatI ke pUrva kA koI bhI sAhityika yA abhilekhIya ata: usake vivaraNoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra karane meM vizeSa sAkSya nahIM hai / paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI ke anusAra aisA koI sampradAya satarkatA kI AvazyakatA hai, phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki jaba nahIM thaa| yaha mAtra saMghabheda ke pUrva kI sthiti hai27 / satya to yaha hai ki AvazyakamUlabhASya aura darzanasAra donoM hI vi0 saM0 136 athavA yApanIyoM yA boTikoM ne Arya kRSNa ke usI vastrakhaNDa kA virodha karake 139 yA vIra nirvANa saMvat 606 yA 609 meM saMgha bheda kI ghaTanA kA acelaka paramparA ke puna: sthApana kA prayatna kiyA thA / deza-kAla ke ullekha karate haiM to eka dUsare se puSTi hone ke kAraNa isa tathya ko pravAha meM jaina saMgha meM jo parivartana A rahe the usI kA virodha yApanIyoM aprAmANika nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki vikrama samvat kI prathama zatI ke yA boTikoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa bnaa| anta yA dvitIya zatAbdI ke prArambha meM jainoM meM spaSTa rUpa se saMghabheda isa prakAra abhilekhIya aura sAhityika donoM hI pramANoM se ho gayA / 'darzanasAra' meM isa saMgha bheda kI ghaTanA ke 70 varSa pazcAt yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki IsA kI lagabhaga dUsarI zatAbdI taka cAhe yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti kA ullekha hai / AvazyakamUlabhASya meM bhI mahAvIra ke dharmasaMgha meM vibhinna gaNa, zAkhA, kula aura sambhoga astitva kahA gayA hai ki zivabhUti ke ziSya kauDinya aura koTTavIra se yaha meM A gaye the, phira bhI zvetAmbara, digambara yA yApanIya jaise vargoM kA paramparA Age calI5 / ata: yaha mAnane meM vizeSa bAdhA nahIM AtI ki spaSTa vibhAjana nahIM ho pAyA thA / ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki jaina dharma meM yahI boTika sampradAya jisakA ullekha AvazyakamUlabhASya meM milatA zvetAmbara, digambara evaM yApanIya sampradAya IsA kI tIsarI zatI yA hai, IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke anta meM eka svatantra sampradAya ke rUpa usake pazcAt hI astitva meM Aye haiM / yadyapi isa saMgha-bheda ke mUla meM vikasita huA hogA / yadyapi yaha prazna anirNIta hI hai ki usane kAraNa isake pUrva bhI bhItara-bhItara apanI jar3eM jamA cuke the| pUrNa svataMtra hokara 'yApanIya' nAma kaba dhAraNa kiyA, kyoMki 'yApanIya' Jain Education Interational

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jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya 619 zabda kA sabase prAcIna prayoga dakSiNa bhArata meM mRgezavarman ke IsA kI jinakalpa kA viccheda ho gayA / zivabhUti ne kahA-maiM jinakalpa kA pA~cavI zatAbdI ke eka abhilekha meM milatA hai36 / kintu uttara bhArata AcaraNa karU~gA, upadhi ke parigraha se kyA lAbha? kyoMki parigraha ke meM isase pUrva yaha sampradAya apanI jar3eM jamA cukA hogaa| saMbhAvanA yaha sadbhAva meM kaSAya, mUrchA Adi aneka doSa haiM / Agama meM bhI aparigraha hai ki isake pUrva zvetAmbara ise boTika kahane lage hoMge kintu yaha apane kA ullekha hai, jinendra bhI acela the ata: acelatA sundara hai| isa para Apako paMcastUpAnvaya prakaTa karatA rahA hogA kyoMki acelaka paramparA AcArya ne uttara diyA ki zarIra ke sadbhAva meM bhI kabhI-kabhI kaSAya, meM jisakA eka aMga yApanIya bhI hai, paramparA ke vibheda sUcaka zabdoM meM mUrchA Adi hote haiM taba to deha kA bhI parityAga kara denA cAhie, sabase prAcIna yahI hai / saMbhAvanA yahI hai ki isI paMcastUpAnvaya nAma ko Agama meM aparigraha kA jo upadeza diyA gayA hai usakA tAtparya yaha hai lekara yApanIyoM ne dakSiNa bhArata meM praveza kiyA hogA aura vahA~ inheM ki dhArmika upakaraNoM meM mUrchA nahIM rakhanA cAhie / jina bhI ekAnta zvetAmbaroM dvArA niSkAsita mAnakara digambara paramparA dvArA yApanIya nAma rUpa se acelaka nahIM haiM, kyoMki sabhI jina eka vastra lekara dIkSita diyA gayA hogaa| hote haiM / guru ke isa prakAra pratipAdita karane para bhI zivabhUti karmodaya ke kAraNa vastroM kA tyAga karake saMgha se pRthaka ho gyaa| use vandana yApanIya sampradAya kA jIvana-kAla karane hetu AI usakI bahana uttarA bhI usakA anusaraNa kara acela ho sAhityika evaM abhilekhIya sAkSyoM se hama spaSTa rUpa se isa gaI / kintu bhikSArtha nagara meM Ane para gaNikA ne use dekhA aura kahA niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki yApanIya sampradAya vikrama saMvat kI dvitIya ki isa prakAra loga hamase virakta ho jAyegeM yA hamAre prati AkarSita zatAbdI ke uttarArddha meM astitva meM AyA kyoMki AvazyakamUlabhASya nahIM hoNge| usane uttarA ke ura meM vastra bAMdha diyaa| yadyapi usane vastra kI yApanIyoM kI utpatti vIra nirvANa saMvat 609 batAtA hai aura taba se apekSA nahIM kI, kitu zivabhUti ne kahA ki ise devatA kA diyA huA lekara vikrama saMvat kI 15vIM zatAbdI taka isakA astitva rahA / isa mAnakara grahaNa karo / zivabhUti ke do ziSya hue kauDinya aura koTyavIra / tathya kI kAgabAr3e se prApta zaka saMvat 316 arthAt vikrama saMvat ina ziSyoM se usakI pRthak paramparA Age bar3hI26 / 451 ke isa sampradAya ke antima abhilekha se puSTi hotI hai / isa ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya evaM mathurA ke aMkana se jJAta abhilekha meM yApanIya saMgha ke AcAryoM- dharmakIrti aura nAgakIrti kA hotA hai ki AryakRSNa ke samaya meM muni nagnatA ko chipAne ke lie vastra ullekha hai / ata: aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha sampradAya lagabhaga 1300 khaNDa kA upayoga karate the38 / sambhavata: zivabhUti kA isI prazna para varSoM taka jIvita rhaa| Arya kRSNa se vivAda huA hogaa| isa kathA meM bhI matabheda kA mukhya kAraNa vastra evaM upadhi kA grahaNa hI mAnA gayA hai / kathAnaka ke anya yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti-kathA tathyoM meM kitanI prAmANikatA hai yaha vicAraNIya hai| yaha sambhava hai ki yApanIyoM kI utpatti ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara zivabhUti dvArA acelakatA ko grahaNa karane para unakI bahana evaM sambandhita donoM hI sampradAyoM meM kathAyeM upalabdha hotI haiM / zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra sAdhviyoM ne bhI acelakatva kA Agraha kiyA hogA kintu zivabhUti ne rathavIrapura nagara ke dIpaka nAmaka udyAna meM AryakRSNa nAmaka AcArya kA sAdhviyoM kI acelakatA ko ucita na samajhakara kahA ho ki jisa Agamana huA / usa nagara meM sahasramalla zivabhUti nivAsa karatA thaa| prakAra tIrthaMGgara devadUSya nAmaka vastra grahaNa karate haiM usI prakAra sAdhviyoM pratidina arddharAtri ke pazcAt ghara Ane ke kAraNa usakA apanI mAtA ko bhI devatA kA diyA huA mAnakara eka vastra grahaNa karanA cAhie / aura patnI se kalaha hotA thaa| eka bAra rAtri meM vilamba se Akara dvAra isa prakAra zvetAmbara paramparA meM boTikoM kI utpatti ke sambandha meM jo khulavAne para usakI mAtA ne dvAra na kholate hue kahA isa samaya jahAM kathA milatI hai vaha sAmpradAyika abhiniveza se pUrNatayA mukta to nahIM dvAra khulA ho vahIM cale jaao| nirAza hokara nagara meM ghUmate samaya use hai- phira bhI itanI satyatA avazya hai ki boTika acelakatA ke prazna muniyoM kA nivAsa-dvAra dikhAI pdd'aa| usane andara jAkara muniyoM kA ko lekara tatkAlIna paramparA se alaga hue the tathA unhoMne sAdhviyoM ke vandana kiyA aura pravrajita hone kI AkAMkSA vyakta kii| pahale AcArya lie eka vastra rakhanA mAnya kiyA thA / kathAnaka kA zeSa bhAga sahamata nahIM hue parantu svayaM usake keza-luJcana kara lene para AcArya ne sAmpradAyika abhiniveza kI racanA hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se isakI use muniliGga pradAna kiyA / eka bAra rathavIrapura Agamana para rAjA ne satyatA isa artha meM hai ki AryakRSNa aura zivabhUti kAlpanika vyakti use bahumUlya ratnakambala bheMTa kiyA / AcArya ne isake grahaNa karane para na hokara aitihAsika vyakti haiM kyoMki unakA ullekha kalpasUtra kI Apatti kI, unhoMne zivabhUti ko binA batAye hI ratnakambala kA Asana sthavirAvalI meM milatA hai| ajjakaNha (AryakRSNa) kA ullekha mathurA nirmita kara liyaa| isa kAraNa AcArya aura zivabhUti meM matabheda utpanna ke abhilekha meM bhI hai|9| ho gyaa| eka bAra AcArya dvArA jinakalpa kA varNana karate samaya usane digambara paramparA meM yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti ke sambandha meM do vartamAna meM jinakalpa kA AcaraNa na karane aura adhika upadhi (parigraha) kathAnaka upalabdha hote haiM / devasena (lagabhaga I0 san kI dasavIM rakhane kA kAraNa pUchA ? AcArya ne uttara diyA- jambU svAmI ke pazcAt zatAbdI) ke darzanasAra nAmaka grantha ke 29vIM gAthA ke anusAra zrI

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620 kalaza nAmaka zvetAmbara sAdhu ne vikrama kI mRtyu ke 205 varSa pazcAt kalyANa nagara meM yApanIya saMgha prArambha kiyA / grantha meM isa sambandha meM vistRta vivaraNa kA abhAva hai / jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa - 6 yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti ke sambandha meM dUsarA kathAnaka ratnanandI ke bhadrabAhucaritra (IsA kI lagabhaga 15vIM zatAbdI meM upalabdha hotA hai41 karahATaka ke rAjA bhUpAla kI patnI nRkulAdevI ne rAjA se Agraha kiyA ki ve usake paitRka nagara jAkara vahA~ Aye hue AcAryoM ko Ane hetu anunaya kareM rAjA ne nakulAdevI ke nirdezAnusAra apane / mantrI buddhisAgara ko bhejakara una muniyoM se karahATaka padhArane kI prArthanA kii| rAjA ke AmantraNa ko svIkAra kara ve munigaNa karahATaka pdhaare| unake svAgata hetu jAne para rAjA ne dekhA ki ve sAdhu savastra haiM aura unake pAsa bhikSA pAtra aura lAThI bhI hai yaha dekhakara rAjA ne unheM vApasa lauTA diyaa| nRkulA devI ko jaba yaha jJAta huA to usane una muniyoM se digambara mudrA meM picchi kamaNDalu lekara padhArane kA Agraha kiyA aura unhoMne tadanurUpa digambara mudrA dhAraNa kara nagara praveza kiyaa| isa prakAra ve sAdhu veSa se to digambara the kintu unake kriyA-kalApa zvetAmbaroM jaise the / yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti ke sambandha meM ratnanandI kA yaha kathana pUrNataH prAmANika nahIM hai / yApanIyoM kI utpatti zvetAmbara paramparA se na hokara usa mUla dhArA se huI hai jo zvetAmbara paramparA kI pUrvaja thI, jisase kAla - krama meM vartamAna zvetAmbara dhArA kA vikAsa huA hai / vastutaH mahAvIra ke dharmasaMgha meM jaba vastra - pAtra Adi meM vRddhi hone lagI thI aura acelakatva pratiSThA kSINa hone lagI, usase acelatA ke pakSadhara yApanIya aura sacelatA ke pakSadhara zvetAmbara aisI do dhArAyeM nikalIM / punaH yApanIya sampradAya kA janma dakSiNa meM na hokara uttara bhArata meM huaa| yApanIyoM ne jaba dakSiNa bhArata meM praveza kiyA hogA taba ve zvetAmbara sAdhu kA veza lekara gaye the / yaha eka bhrAnta dhAraNA hI hai| unake kathana meM mAtra itanI hI satyatA ho sakatI hai ki yApanIyoM ke AcAra-vicAra meM kucha bAteM zvetAmbara paramparA ke samAna aura kucha bAteM dakSiNa meM upasthita digambara paramparA ke samAna thiiN| indranandI ke 'nItisAra' meM yadyapi yApanIyoM kI utpatti kathA nahIM dI gaI hai kintu pA~ca prakAra ke jainAbhAsoM kI carcA karate hue usameM unhoMne yApanIyoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai gopucchika zvetavAsA, dravir3a, yApanIya aura niHpicchaka 42 - indranandI ke uparyukta kathana se mAtra itanA hI phalita hotA hai ki yApanIya paramparA indranandI kI mUlasaMghIya digambara paramparA se bhinna thI, ve unheM jainAbhAsa mAnate the arthAt unakI dRSTi meM yApanIya jainadharma ke sacce pratinidhi nahIM haiN| vastutaH yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti aura svarUpa sambandhI jo kathAnaka milate haiM ve sabhI virodhiyoM dvArA prastuta haiM aura saMgha kI yathArtha sthiti se avagata nahIM karAte haiM / yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti ke sambandha meM merA cintana isa prakAra hai mathurA ke aGkanoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AryakRSNa ke samaya arthAt vikrama ko 1 I - dUsarI zatAbdI meM jainamuni vastrakhaNDa, picchi yA rajoharaNa evaM pAtra dhAraNa karane lage the| ho sakatA hai chedasUtroM meM varNita 14 upakaraNa pUrNa rUpa se pracalita na bhI ho pAye ho kintu itanA avazya hai ki vastra khaNDa rakhakara nagnatA chipAne kA prayatna aura bhikSA pAtroM kA prayoga hone lagA thaa| yaha vastrakhaNDa sambhavataH mukha vastrikA ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA thA, use hAtha kI kalAI para DAlakara nagnatA ko chipA liyA jAtA thA, vizeSa rUpa se jaba bhikSAdi hetu nagara meM jAnA hotA thA / zivabhUti kA AryakRSNa se isI prazna ko lekara vivAda huA hogA / jahA~ AvazyakamUlabhASya meM AryakRSNa aura zivabhUti ke madhya guruziSya kA sambandha batAyA gayA hai, vahA~ kalpasUtra sthAvirAvalI meM zivabhUti ko ajja dujjenta kaNha ke pahale dikhAyA gayA hai| phira bhI donoM kI samakAlikatA meM kahIM bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| vastutaH vivAda donoM ke bIca huA thA isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhI ratnakambala prasaGga ko lekara jo kathAnaka khar3A kiyA gayA hai vaha mujhe prAmANika nahIM lgtaa| vastutaH mahAvIra ke pazcAt unake saMgha meM vastra pAtra grahaNa karane kA kramazaH vikAsa huA hai| kSullakoM aura sadojaliGga vAle vyaktiyoM athavA rAja parivAra se Aye vyaktiyoM ke lie apavAdarUpa meM vastra rakhane kI anumati pahale se hI thI kintu jina kalpa kA viccheda mAnakara jaba yaha sAmAnya niyama banane lagA to zivabhUti ne isakA virodha kara acelatA ko hI utsarga mArga sthApita karane kA prayatna kiyaa| unake pUrva bhI AryarakSita ko apane pitA jo unake hI saMgha meM dIkSita ho gaye the, nagnatA dhAraNa karavAne hetu vizeSa prayatna karanA par3A thA kyoMki ve apane parijanoM ke samakSa nagna nahIM rahanA cAhate the| yadyapi inhIM AryarakSita ne bhikSA pAtra ke atirikta varSAkAla meM mala-mUtra Adi ke lie eka atirikta pAtra rakhe jAne kI anumati bhI dI thii| mahAvIra ke kAla se hI nirgrantha saMgha meM nagnatA kA ekAnta Agraha to nahIM thA kintu use apavAda ke rUpa meM to svIkRta kiyA hI gayA thA kintu jaba jinakalpa ko vicchinna mAnakara acelatA ke apavAda ko hI utsarga mAnakara nagnatA ko chipAne ke lie vastrakhaNDa rakhanA anivArya kiyA hogA to zivabhUti ko acelatA ko hI utsarga mArga ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane ke lie saMgharSa karanA par3A / unhoMne jinakalpa ko vicchinna na mAnakara samartha ke lie acelatA aura pANItala bhojI honA Avazyaka mAnA ApavAdika sthiti meM vastra pAtra se unakA virodha nahIM thA / bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM hameM unake isI dRSTikoNa kA samarthana milatA hai| yadyapi yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai ki unake dvArA acelakatva ke punarsthApana ke isa prayAsa se spaSTa rUpa se saMgha bheda ho gayA thA kyoMki kalpasUtra kI paTTAvalI meM jo antima parivardhana devarddhigaNi ke samaya pA~cavIM zatAbdI meM huA usakI pahalI gAthA meM gautama gotrIya phalgumitra, vaziSTha gotrIya dhanagiri, kotsa gotrIya zivabhUti aura kauzika gotrIya doSyanta yA durjayanta kRSNa kA nAmollekha hai / yahA~ vicAraNIya prazna yaha hai ki isameM zivabhUti ke pazcAt AryakRSNa kA ullekha hai jabaki AvazyakamUlabhASya meM zivabhUti ko AryakRSNa - .

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jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya kA ziSya batAyA gayA hai| sambhAvanA yaha ho sakatI hai ki zivabhUti aura AryakRSNa guru-ziSya na hokara guru bandhu hoN| kintu isase zivabhUti aura AryakRSNa ke samakAlika hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| yaha bhI satya hI hai ki upadhi ke prazna ko lekara zivabhUti aura AryakRSNa ke bIca yaha vivAda huA hogA aura zivabhUti ke ziSyoM kauDinya aura koTyavIra se acelatA kI samarthaka yaha dhArA pRthak rUpa se pravAhita hone lgii| yApanIyoM kA utpatti sthala * yApanIyoM athavA boTikoM ke utpatti sthala ko lekara zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAe~ bhinna-bhinna dRSTikoNa rakhatI haiN| zvetAmbaroM ke anusAra unakI utpatti rathavIrapura nAmaka nagara meM huI, vaha nagara mathurA ke samIpa uttara bhArata meM sthita thA / jabaki digambaroM ke anusAra inakA utpatti sthala dakSiNa bhArata meM uttara pazcimI karNATaka meM sthita karahATaka thA / isa prakAra zvetAmbaroM ke anusAra ve uttara meM aura digambaroM ke anusAra dakSiNa meM utpanna hue| prazna yaha hai ki unameM se kauna satya hai / 0 paramparA ke pakSa meM tathya yaha hai ki usameM isa vibhAjana ko AryakRSNa aura zivabhUti se sambandhita kiyA hai ina donoM ke ullekha kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM upalabdha hai / punaH AryakRSNa kI abhilekha sahita mUrti bhI mathurA se upalabdha hai jo vastrakhaNDa kalAI para DAlakara apanI nagnatA chipAye hue haiM / astu, AvazyakamUlabhASya kA uttara bhArata meM unakI utpatti kA saMketa prAmANika hai| jahA~ taka ratnanandI ke dakSiNa bhArata meM inakI utpatti ke ullekha kA prazna hai, vaha isalie adhika prAmANika nahIM hai kyoMki prathama to vaha unakI utpatti 1200 varSoM bAda jaba yaha sampradAya maraNAsanna sthiti meM thA taba likhA gayA - jabaki AvazyakamUlabhASya unakI utpatti ke lagabhaga 200 varSa pazcAt nirmita ho cukA thA / dUsare usa kathAnaka kI puSTi ke anya koI sAhityika aura abhilekhIya sAkSya nahIM hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM unakI utpatti batAne kA mUla kAraNa yaha hai ki yApanIyoM kA digambara paramparA se sAkSAtkAra dakSiNa bhArata meM hI huA thA / kyA yApanIya aura boTika eka haiM ? jaisA ki hama pUrva meM sUcita kara cuke haiM prAcIna zvetAmbara sAhitya meM yApanIya saMgha kA ullekha haribhadra ke pUrva upalabdha nahIM hotA hai, usake pUrva hameM jo ullekha milatA hai, vaha boTikoM kA hI hai, ataH yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se uThatA hai ki voTika kauna the ? kyA inakA yApanIyoM se koI sambandha thA ? inakI paramparA kyA thI ? boTikoM kI utpatti-kathA se hI yaha spaSTa hai ki inhoMne jinakalpa kA viccheda svIkAra nahIM kiyA thA aura vastra ko parigraha mAnakara muni ke lie acelakatA kA hI pratipAdana kiyaa| zivabhUti dvArA apanI bahana uttarA ko vakha rakhane kI anumati denA yaha bhI sUcita karatA hai ki isa sampradAya meM sAdhviyA~ savastra rahatI thiiN| isa sampradAya ke tatkAlIna 621 paramparA se matabheda ke jo ullekha milate haiM unase yahA~ phalita hotA haiM ki unakA mukhya vivAda muni ke hI sacela aura acela hone ke sambandha meM thaa| strI mukti aura kabalAhAra ke sambandha meM inakA koI matabheda nahIM thaa| vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM inheM AcArAGga Adi AgamoM ko svIkAra karane vAlA mAnA gayA hai / 43 ye digambara paraMparA ke samAna na to strI-mukti aura kevalI-mukti kA niSedha karate the aura na jainAgamoM kA pUrNataH viccheda hI svIkAra karate the mAtra yaha kahate the ki AgamoM meM jo vastra - pAtra ke ullekha haiM ve ApavAdika sthiti ke haiM / isa prakAra ye strI-mukti aura kevalI - kavalAhAra kI virodhI aura AgamoM ko vicchinna mAnane vAle digambara sampradAya se bhinna haiN| isa sambandha meM paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, pro0 DhAkI aura merA lekha draSTavya hai / *4 yadi hama voTikoM kI isa mAnyatA kI tulanA yApanIya paramparA se karate haiM to donoM meM koI antara dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / yApanIyoM kA jo bhI sAhitya upalabdha hai, usase bhI spaSTa rUpa se yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki yApanIya yadyapi muni kI acelatA para bala dete the kintu dUsarI ora ve strI-mukti, anya tairthikoM (dUsarI dharma-paramparA) kI mukti, kevalIkavalAhAra aura AcArAGga, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, kalpa, vyavahAra, maraNAvibhakti, pratyAkhyAna Adi ardhamAgadhI AgamoM ko svIkAra karate the / ve digambara paramparA ke samAna aMga Adi AgamoM ke sarvathA viccheda kI bAta nahIM mAnate haiM, isa paramparA meM Age calakara jina svatantra granthoM aura unakI TIkAoM kA nirmANa huA unameM ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya kI saikar3oM gAthAyeM aura uddharaNa prApta hote haiM / ataH upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para pUrNarUpeNa sunizcita hai ki yApanIya aura boTika donoM sampradAya eka hI haiN| sambhavataH unheM 'boTika' zvetAmbaroM ne aura 'yApanIya' nAma digambaroM ne pradAna kiyA thaa| kyoMki zvetAmbara pranthoM ke atirikta unake liye kahIM bhI boTika nAma kA ullekha nahIM hai| usa samaya ve apane Apako kyA kahate the ? yaha zodha kA viSaya hai| yadyapi abhilekhIya sAkSyoM se yaha nizcita hotA hai ki pAMcavIM zatAbdI se ve apane liye 'yApanIya' zabda kA prayoga karane lage the / abhilekhoM meM sarvaprathama 'yApanIya' zabda kA sampradAya ke artha meM prayoga mRgezavarmana ke halsI ke abhilekha meM huA hai jo pAMcavIM zatI kA haiN| ataH isake pazcAt inake lie yApanIya zabda prayoga hone lagA hogA aura Avazyaka mUlabhASya meM prayukta boTika kevala zvetAmbara AgAmika vyAkhyA sAhitya taka hI sImita raha gayA / yApanIya saMgha ke abhilekhIya sAkSya yApanIya saMgha aura usake AcAryoM, bhaTTArakoM evaM upAsakoM ke sambandha meM hameM jo sUcanAyeM upalabdha hotI haiM, unake do AdhAra haiM- eka sAhityika ullekha aura dUsare abhilekhIya sAkSya / ina sAhityika ullekhoM aura abhilekhIya sAkSyoM meM bhI abhilekhIya sAkSya adhika prAmANika kahe jA sakate haiM kyoMki prathama to ve samakAlika hote haiM, dUsare inameM kisI prakAra ke parivartana kI sambhAvanA atyalpa hotI hai / .

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622 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 yApanIya sampradAya ke sambandha meM hameM aneka abhilekhIya sAkSya upalabdha bharaNa-poSaNa kA bhI ullekha hai| isase bhI yahI lagatA hai ki isa kAla hote haiM / ina abhilekhIya sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para pro0 Adi nAtha taka yApanIya muni pUrNatayA maThAdhIza ho cuke the aura maThoM meM hI unake neminAtha upAdhye ne 'anekAnta varSa 28, kiraNa-1 meM yApanIya saMgha ke AhAra kI vyavasthA hotI thii| isake pazcAta yApanIya saMgha se sambandhita sambandha meM paryApta prakAza DAlA hai / prastuta vivecana kA AdhAra unakA eka anya dAnapatra pUrvI cAlUkyavaMzIya 'ammarAja dvitIya' kA hai / vahI lekha hai kintu hamane ina abhilekhoM ke mudrita rUpoM ko dekhakara isane kaTakAbharaNa jinAlaya ke lie maliyapuNDI nAmaka grAma dAna meM apekSita sAmagrI ko jor3A bhI hai| diyA thaa| isa mandira ke adhikArI yApanIya saMgha 'koTimaDuvagaNa' yApanIya saMgha ke sambandha meM sarvaprathama abhilekha hameM nandigaccha ke gaNadhara sadRza munivara jinanandI ke praziSya munipuMgava 'kadambavaMzIya' mRgezavarman I0 san (475-490) kA prApta hotA hai| divAkara ke ziSya jinasadRza guNasamudra mahAtmA zrI mandira deva the / isa abhilekha meM yApanIya, nimrantha evaM kurcakoM ko bhUmidAna kA isase pUrva ke abhilekha meM jahA~ yApanIya nandIsaMgha aisA ullekha hai, ullekha milatA hai| isI kAla ke eka anya abhilekha (I0 san vahA~ isameM yApanIya saMgha nandIgaccha aisA ullekha hai|| 497 se 537 ke madhya) dAmakIrti, jayakIrti pratIhAra, nimittajJAna yApanIya saMgha se hI sambandhita I0 san 980 kA cAlukyavaMza pAragAmI AcArya bandhusena aura tapodhana zAstrAgama khinna kumAradatta kA bhI eka abhilekha milatA hai52 / isa abhilekha meM zAntivarmA dvArA nAmaka cAra yApanIya AcAryoM evaM muniyoM ke ullekha hai / isameM nirmita jaina mandira ke lie bhUmidAna kA ullekha hai, isameM yApanIya saMgha yApanIyoM ko tapasvI (yApanIyAstapasvinaH) tathA saddharmamArga meM sthita ke kANDUragaNa ke kucha sAdhuoM ke nAma diye gaye haiM yathA - bAhubalidevacandra, (saddharmamArgasthita) kahA gayA hai / AcAryoM ke lie 'sUri' zabda kA ravicandrasvAmI, arhanandI, zubhacandra, siddhAntadeva, maunideva aura prabhAcandradeva prayoga huA hai| ina donoM abhilekhoM se yaha bhI sUcanA milatI hai ki Adi / isameM prabhAcandra ko zabda vidyAgamakamala, SaTtarkAkalaGka kahA rAjA ne mandira kI pUjA, surakSA aura dainika dekhabhAla ke sAtha-sAtha gayA hai| ye prabhAcandra - 'prameya kamalamArtaNDa' aura 'nyAyakumadacandra' ke aSTAhnikA mahotsava evaM yApanIya sAdhuoM ke bharaNa-poSaNa ke lie dAna kartA prabhAcandra se bhinna yApanIya AcArya zAkaTAyana ke 'zabdAnuzAsana' diyA thA, isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki isa kAla taka yApanIya saMgha para 'nyAsa' ke kartA haiN| ke muniyoM ke AhAra ke lie koI svatantra vyavasthA hone lagI thI aura pro0 pI0 bI0 desAI ne apane grantha meM saudatti (belagA~va) ke bhikSAvRtti gauNa ho rahI thI anyathA unake bharaNa-poSaNa hetu dAna diye eka abhilekha kI carcA kI hai jisameM yApanIya saMgha ke kANDUragaNa ke jAne ke ullekha nahIM hote / isake pazcAt devagiri se kadambavaMza kI zubhacandra prathama, candrakIrti, zubhacandra dvitIya, nemicandra prathama, kumAra dUsarI zAkhA ke kRSNavarmA ke (I0 san 475-485) kAla kA kIrti, prabhAcandra aura nemicandra dvitIya ke ullekha haiM53 / isI prakAra abhilekha milatA hai, jisameM usake putra yuvarAja devavarmA dvArA triparvata yApanIya saMgha se sambandhita I0 san 1013 kA eka anya abhilekha ke Upara ke kucha kSetra arhanta bhagavAna ke caityAlaya kI marammata, pUjA 'belagA~va' kI ToDDAvasadI kI neminAtha kI pratimA kI pAdapITha para aura mahimA ke lie yApanIya saMgha ko diye jAne kA ullekha hai| isa milA hai, jise yApanIya saMgha ke pArisayya ne I0 san 1013 meM abhilekha ke pazcAt 300 varSoM taka hameM yApanIya saMgha se sambandhita nirmita karavAyA thaa| isI prakAra san 1020 I0 ke 'raDhvaga' lekha koI bhI abhilekha upalabdha nahIM hotA jo apane Apa meM eka vicAraNIya meM prakhyAta yApanIya saMgha ke 'putrAgavRkSamUlagaNa ke prasiddha upadezaka tathya hai / isake pazcAt I0 san 812 kA rASTrakUTa rAjA prabhUtavarSa kA AcArya kumArakIrti paNDitadeva ko 'huvinavAge' kI bhUmi ke dAna kA eka abhilekha prApta hotA hai / isa abhilekha meM yApanIya AcArya ullekha hai|5 I0 san 1028-29 ke hAsura ke abhilekha meM kuvilAcArya ke praziSya evaM vijayakIrti ke ziSya arkakIrti kA yApanIya saMgha ke guru jayakIrti ko supArI ke bAga aura kucha ghara mandira ullekha milatA hai / isa abhilekha meM yApanIya nandIsaMgha aura punnAgavRkSa ko dAna meM dene ke ullekha haiM / 56 'hulI' ke do abhilekha jo lagabhaga mUlagaNa evaM zrI kityAcAryAndaya kA bhI ullekha huA hai / isa I0 san 1044 ke haiM unameM yApanIya saMgha ke putrAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ke abhilekha meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki AcArya arkakIrti ne zani ke bAlacandradeva bhaTTAraka57 kA tathA dUsare meM rAmacandradeva kA ullekha hai / duSprabhAva se grasita puligila deza ke zAsaka vimalAditya kA upacAra isI prakAra I0 san 1045 ke mugada (maisUra) lekha meM bhI yApanIya saMgha kiyA thaa| isa abhilekha se anya phalita yaha nikalatA hai ki IsA kI ke kumudigaNa ke kucha AcAryoM ke ullekha milate haiM - zrI kIrti navIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM yApanIya AcArya na kevala maThAdhIza bana gaye goravaDi, prabhAzazAMka, nayavRttinAtha, ekavIra, mahAvIra, narendrakIrti the apitu ve vaidyaka aura yantra-mantra Adi kA kArya bhI karane lage the| nAgavikki, vRttIndra, niravadyakIrti, bhaTTAraka, mAdhavendu, bAlacandra, lagabhaga 9vIM zatAbdI ke eka anya abhilekha meM jo ki ciMgalapeTha, rAmacandra, municandra, ravikIrti, kumArakIrti, dAmanaMdi, vidyagovardhana, tamilanADU se prApta huA hai, yApanIya saMgha aura kumiligaNa ke mahAvIrAcArya dAmanandi vaDDAcArya Adi / yadyapi prophesara upAdhye ne ina nAmoM meM se ke ziSya amaramudalagurU kA ullekha hai jinhoMne dezavallabha nAmakA eka kucha ke sambandha meM kRtrimatA kI sambhAvanA vyakti kI hai kintu unakA jinamandira banavAyA thA / isa dAnapatra meM yApanIya saMgha ke sAdhuoM ke AdhAra kyA hai, yaha unhoMne apane lekha meM spaSTa nahIM kiyA hai|

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jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya 623 isI prakAra moraba jilA dhAravADa ke eka lekha meM yApanIya abhilekha 9 meM ubhaya siddhAnta cakravartI yApanIya saMgha.ke kaNDUMragaNa ke saMgha ke jaya-kIrtideva ke ziSya nAgacandra ke samAdhimaraNa kA ullekha guru sakalendu saiddhAntika kA ullekha hai / isI kSetra ke manoli jilA hai| isameM nAgacandra ke ziSya kanakazakti ko mantracUDAmaNi batAyA gayA belagA~va ke eka abhilekha meM yApanIya saMgha ke guru municandradeva ke hai|60 san 1096 meM tribhuvanamalla ke zAsanakAla meM yApanIya saMgha ke ziSya pAlya kIrti ke samAdhimaraNa kA ullekha hai- ye pAlyakIrti punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ke municandra vidya bhaTTAraka ke ziSya cArukIrti sambhavata: suprasiddha vaiyAkaraNa pAlyakIrti zAkATAyana hI haiM, jinake paMDita ko soviseTTi dvArA eka upavana dAna diye jAne kA ullekha hai|61 dvArA likhita zabdAnumAna evaM usakI amoghavRtti prasiddha hai| inake dvArA isa dAnapatra meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki ise municandra siddhAntadeva ke likhita strI-nirvANa aura kevalI mukti-prakaraNa bhI zAkaTAyana-vyAkaraNa ziSya dAyiyayya ne lipibaddha kiyA thA / dharmapurI jilA bIr3a, mahArASTra ke sAtha bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita hue haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki ye ke eka lekha meM yApanIya saMgha aura vandiyUra gaNa ke mahAvIra paMDita ko yApanIya paramparA ke AcArya the / isI prakAra 13vIM zadI ke hukeri kucha nagaroM se vividhakaroM dvArA prApta Aya kA kucha bhAga bhagavAn kI jilA belagAMva ke eka abhilekha meM71 caikIrti kA nAmollekha milatA pUjA aura sAdhuoM ke bharaNa-poSaNa hetu dAna diye jAne kA ullekha hai|62 hai| yApanIya saMgha kA antima abhilekha72 IsavI san 1394 kA isI prakAra 11 vIM zatAbdI ke eka anya abhilekha meM yApanIya saMgha kagavADa jilA belagA~va meM upalabdha huA hai| yaha abhilekha talaghara meM kI mAilAyAnvaya evaM koreyagaNa ke devakIrti ko gandhavaMzI zivakumAra sthita bhagavAn neminAtha kI pIThikA para aMkita hai| isa para yApanIya dvArA jaina mandira nirmita karavAne aura usakI vyavasthA hetu kumudavADa saMgha aura punnAgavRkSamUlagaNa ke nemicandra, dharmakIrti aura nAgacandra kA nAmaka grAma dAna meM dene kA ullekha hai / 63 isa abhilekha meM devakIrti ullekha huA hai / ke pUrvaja guruoM meM zubhakIrti, jinacandra, nAgacandra, guNakIrti Adi AcAryoM kA bhI ullekha hai / isI prakAra ballAla deva, gaNaMdharAditya ke yApanIya saMgha ke avAntara gaNa aura anvaya samaya meM IsavI san 1108 meM mUlasaMgha punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa kI AryikA abhilekhIya evaM sAhityika AdhAroM se hameM yApanIya saMgha ke rAtrimatI kanti kI ziSyA bammagavur3a dvArA mandira banavAne kA ullekha avAntara gaNoM aura anvayoM kI sUcanA milatI hai / indranaMdi ke hai64 / yahA~ mUlasaMgha kA ullekha kucha bhrAnti utpanna karatA hai, yadyapi nItisAra ke AdhAra para pro0 upAdhye likhate haiM ki yApanIyoM meM siMha, putrAgavRkSamUla gaNa ke ullekha se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vaha AryikA nandi, sena aura devasaMgha Adi nAma se sabase pahale saMgha-vyavasthA thI, yApanIya saMgha se hI sambandhita thI kyoMki punnAgavRkSamUlagaNa yApanIya bAda meM gaNa, gaccha Adi kI vyavasthA banIM / 73 kintu abhilekhIya . saMgha kA hI eka gaNa thaa| sUcanAoM se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki gaNa hI Age calakara saMgha meM bailamoMgala jilA belagA~va se cAlukyavaMzI tribhuvana malladeva parivartita ho gae / kadamba nareza ravivarmA ke halsI abhilekha meM ke kAla kA abhilekha65 prApta hai isameM yApanIya saMgha mailAyAnvaya yApanIya saMghebhya: aisA bahuvacanAtmaka prayoga hai| isase yaha siddha hotA kAreya gaNa ke mUla bhaTTAraka aura jinadeva sUri kA vizeSa rUpa se hai ki yApanIya saMgha ke antargata bhI kucha saMgha yA gaNa the / yApanIya saMgha ullekha hai / isI prakAra vikramAditya SaSTha ke zAsana kAla kA hUli ke eka abhilekha meM 'yApanIya nandIsaMgha" aisA ullekha milatA hai / 75 jilA belagA~va kA eka abhilekha 6 hai jisameM yApanIya saMgha ke kaNDUragaNa aisA pratIta hotA hai ki naMdi saMgha yApanIya paramparA kA hI eka saMgha thaa| ke bahubalI zubhacandra, maunideva, mAghanaMdi Adi AcAryoM kA ullekha hai| kucha abhilekhoM meM yApanIyoM ke naMdigaccha kA bhI ullekha upalabdha hotA ekasambi jilA belagA~va se prApta eka abhilekha meM vijayAditya ke hai / 76 digambara paramparA ke abhilekhoM meM gaccha zabda kA prayoga nahIM senApati kAlaNa dvArA nirmita neminAtha basati ke lie yApanIya saMgha milatA, sAmAnyatayA unameM saMgha, gaNa aura anvaya ke prayoga pAye jAte putrAgavRkSamUlagaNa ke mahAmaNDalAcArya vijayakIrti ko bhUmidAna diye haiN| jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA ke abhilekhoM meM gaNa, gaccha, zAkhA, kAla jAne kA ullekha hai| isa abhilekha meM ina vijayakIrti kI guruparamparA aura saMbhoga ke prayoga hue haiN| yApanIya saMgha ke abhilekhoM meM bhI kevala ke rUpa meM municandra vijayakIrti prathama, kumArakIrti aura traividha vijayakIrti uparyukta abhilekha meM gaccha zabda kA prayoga milA hai| kA bhI ullekha huA hai| yApanIyasaMgha ke jina gaNoM, anvayoM kA ullekha milA haiarsikere, maisUra ke eka abhilekha68 meM yApanIya saMgha ke unameM punnAgavRkSamUlagaNa, kumili athavA kumudigaNa maDuvagaNa, kaNDUragaNa, maDuvagaNa kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI gaI hai / isa mandira kI mUrti pratiSThA yA kANUragaNa, bandiyUra gaNa, koreya gaNa kA ullekha pramukha rUpa se punnAgavRkSa-mUlagaNa aura saMgha (yApanIya ke ziSya bhANakaselI) dvArA huA hai|77 sAmAnyatayA yApanIya saMgha se sambandhita abhilekhoM meM karAI gaI thii| pratiSThAcArya yApanIya saMgha ke maDuvagaNa ke kumArakIrti anvayoM kA ullekha nahIM huA hai, kintu 11vIM zatAbdI ke kucha siddhAnta the / isa abhilekha meM yApanIya zabda ko miTAkara kASThAmukha abhilekhoM meM koreyagaNa ke sAtha mailAyAnvaya athavA mailAnvaya ke zabda ko jor3ane kI ghaTanA kI sUcanA bhI sampAdaka se milatI hai| ullekha milate haiN| inake atirikta 12vIM zatAbdI meM lokApura jilA belagA~va ke eka ina gaNoM aura anvayoM kA avAntara bheda kina-kina saiddhAntika

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624 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 matabhedoM para AdhArita the, isakI hameM koI prAmANika jAnakArI prApta aura prakAza, anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 244nahIM hotI hai / ina gaNoM aura anvayoM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM eka 253. mahattvapUrNa carcA yaha hai ki kucha abhilekhoM meM yApanIya nandisaMgha aisA 2. e. ena. upAdhye : jaina sampradAya ke yApanIya saMgha para kucha aura ullekha milA hai to kyA isa AdhAra para yaha mAnA jAya ki naMdisaMgha prakAza, anekAnta varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 246. yApanIya paramparA se sambandhita thA / puna: naMdisaMgha ke kucha abhilekhoM meM 3. jattA te bhaMte ? javaNijjaM (te bhaMte ?) avvAbAhaM (te bhatte ?)dravir3agaNa aura 'aruNAnvaya' ke bhI ullekha milate haiM to kyA hama yaha phAsuyavihAraM (te bhaMte ?)? mAne ki dravir3a gaNa aura aruNAnvaya kA sambandha bhI yApanIya saMgha se somilA ! jattA vi me, javaNija pi me, avvA vAhaM pi me, thA ? yadyapi itanA to nizcita hai ki 'darzanasAra' meM jina jainAbhAsoM kI phAsyavihAraM pi me bhagavaI (lADanUM), 10/206-207 carcA kI gaI hai, unameM yApanIya aura dravir3a donoM ko hI sammilita 4. kiM te bhaMte ! javaNijjaM ? kiyA gayA hai - isameM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki dravir3a saMgha meM striyoM somilA ! javaNijje duvihe paNNatte, taM jahA iMdiyajavaNijje ya, ko dIkSA dI jAtI thI isase yaha sambhAvanA to vyakti kI hI jA sakatI noiMdiyajavaNijje y|| hai ki dravir3a saMgha aura yApanIya saMgha donoM strI kI pravrajyA ke samarthaka se kiM taM iMdiyajavaNijje ? the aura ve mUlasaMghIya digambara paramparA jo strI kI dIkSA kA niSedha iMdiyajavaNijje-jaM me soiMdiya-cakkhidiya-ghANiMdiyakaratI thI, se bhinna the / isI kAraNa unako jainAbhAsa kahA gayA / jibhidiyaphAsiMdiyAI niruvahayAI vase vaTuMti, settaM sambhAvanA yahI hai ki donoM meM paryApta rUpa se nikaTatA thii| pro0 DhAkI __ iMdiyajavaNijje / / se kiM taM noidiyajavaNijje ? kI to mAnyatA hai ki dravir3a saMgha kA vikAsa yApanIya nandI saMgha se hI no iMdiyajavaNijje jaM me koha-mANa-mAyA-lobhA vocchiNNA no huA hogA / 79 udIreMti, settaM noiMdiyajavaNijje, settaM javaNijje / zvetAmbara srotoM se yaha jAnakArI bhI milatI hai ki yApanIya - bhagavaI (lADanUM), 10/208-210 paramparA gopya saMgha ke nAma se bhI jAnI jAtI thii| haribhadra ke SaDdarzana- 5. AyasmaMtaM bhagu bhagavA etadavoca - "kacci, bhikkhu, khamanIyaM, samuccaya kI TIkA meM guNaratna likhate haiM ki nAgnya liMga aura pANipAtrIya kacci yApanIyaM, kacci piNDakena na kilamasI'' ti? khamanIyaM, digambara cAra prakAra ke haiM - bhagavA, yApanIyaM, bhagavA, na cAhaM, bhante piNDakena kilamAmI" (1) kASThA saMgha (2) mUlasaMgha, (3) mAthura saMgha aura (4) ti| gopya saMgha / ___ - mahAvaggo, 10-4-16 1. kASThA saMgha meM camarI gAya ke bAloM kI picchI rakhI jAtI 6. anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 246. hai| ise bhI darzanasAra meM jainAbhAsa kahA gayA hai| mUlasaMgha aura gopya 7. pUrvokta, anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 246 saMgha meM mayUra-picchI grahaNa kI jAtI hai / mAthura saMtra niSpicchika hai| 8. pro0 ema. e. DhAkI se vyaktigata carcA ke AdhAra para / inameM prathama tIna arthAt kASThA, mUla aura mAthura saMgha ke sAdhu bandara 9. a-kAlikA prasAda : bRhat hindI koza (jJAnamaMDala, vArANasI) karanevAle ko 'dharma vRddhi' kahate haiM tathA strI evaM savastra kI mukti ko vi. saM. 2009, pR. 1068 svIkAra nahIM karate / gopya saMgha ke muni vandana karane vAle ko 'dharma (ba) vAmana zivarAma ApTe : saMskRta-hindI koza (dillI - 1984) lAbha' kahate haiM tathA strI mukti aura kevalI mukti ko svIkAra karate haiN| pR. 834 yaha gopya saMgha yApanIya saMgha bhI kahA jAtA hai / 80 10. vAmana zivarAma ApTe-vahI, pR0 834 sandarbha 11. Avazyakaniyukti (harabhidrIyavRtti) meM upalabdha mUlabhASya gAthA, 1. a- Indian Antiquary, Vol. VII, p. 34 pR0215-16 b- H. Luders : E. IV,p338 12. 'strIgrahaNaM tAsAmapi tadbhava iva saMsArakSayo bhavati iti jJApanArtha c- nAthUrAma premI: jaina hitaiSI, XIII pa0 250-75 vacaH yathoktam yApanIyataMtre" - zrI lalitavistarA, pR0 57d- A. N. Upadhye : Journal of the University . 58, prakA0 RSabhadeva kezarImala saMsthAna, ratalAma / of Bombay, 1956, I, VI pp 22ff; 13. uttarAdhyayana, zAntyAcArya kI TIkA, pR0, 181. e. nAthUrAma premI : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa - dvitIya saMskaraNa, 14. Avazyaka TIkA (haribhadra kRta), pR. 323 bambaI 1956, pR0 56, 155, 521 15. a - therehito bhaddajasehiMto bhAraddAyasaguttehiMto ettha NaM uDuvADiyagaNa f. P.B. Desai : Jainism in South India, pp. 163- nAma gaNe niggae / kalpasUtra (prAkRtabhAratI, jayapura saMskaraNa) 66 aadi| sUtra, 213 / g. e. ena. upAdhye : jaina sampradAya ke yApanIya saMgha para kucha (ba) therehito NaM kAmiDDhihiMto kuMDalisagottehiMto ettha NaM vesavADiyagaNe

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625 jaina dharma kA eka vilupta sampradAya yApanIya nAma gaNe niggaye / kalpasUtra, sUtra-214 28. sthAnAGga, 7/140-142 va saMgrahaNI gAthA 16. dekhiye boIM- hindI-gujarAtI koza (ahamadAbAda-1961) pR. 29. Avazyaka mUlabhASya, 145-148 348 - uddhRta Avazyaka niyukti haribhadrIya vRtti, pR. 215-216 17. (a) pro. ema. e. DhAkI se vyaktigata prApta sUcanA para AdhArita 30. Avazyaka niyukti 79-783 (ba) dekhiye boTa- hindI-gujarAtI koza, pR. 348 31. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA pR. 373 18. kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI, 207-224 32. vahI, pR. 372 19. nandIsUtra (madhukara muni), gAthA, 25-50 33. jainasAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA, pR. 372 20. paTTAvalIparAgasaMgraha kalyANa vijayagaNi ke prArambhika adhyAya 34. vahI, pR. 272-273 21. (a) samaNassa NaM bhagavao mahAvIrassa titthasi satta pavayaNaNiNhagA 35. Avazyaka mUlabhASya gAthA, 145-148, uddhRta Avazyaka niyukti paNNattA, taM jahA-bahuratA, jIvapaesiyA, avattiyA, sAmuccheiyA, haribhadrIya vRtti dokiriyA, terAsiyA avaddhiyA / / 36. jaina zilAlekha saMgaha, bhAga 2, abhilekha saM 102-103 eesi NaM sattaNhaM pavayaNaNiNhagANaM sattaM mammAyariyA hutthA, taM 37. Avazyakaniyukti haribhadrIyavRtti, pRSTha 216-218 jahA- jamAlI, tIsagutte, AsADhe, Asamitte, gaMge, chalue, 38. Jain Stupas and other Antiquities of MathuragoTThAmAhile / etesi NaM sattaNha pavayaNaNiNhagANaM satta uppattiNagarA V.A. Smith, Plate No. 10,15,17, pp 24.25 hutthA, taM jahA - 39. (a) kalpasUtra / sthAnAGga, sattama, ThANaM 140-142, pRSTha saMkhyA, 753-754; (A) Jain Stupas and other Antiquities of (ba) bahuraya jamAlipaMbhavA jIvapaesasa ya tiisguttaao| Mathura- V.A. Smith, Plate No. 10,15,17, pp avvattA''sADhAo sAmuccheyA''samittAo // 779 / / 24.25 gaMgAo dokariyA chalugA terAsiyANa uppttii| 40. Annals of the B. O. R. I. XV-III. IV, pp. 198 ff, therA ya goTThamAtyi puTThamabaddhaM parUviMti // 780 // Poona, 1934; sAvatthI usanapura seyaviyA mihila ullugatIraM / dekheM anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa1, pR0 134 purimaMtaraMji dasapura ratavIrapuraM ca nagarAi / / 781 // 41. bhadrabAhucarita -kolhApura 1921, IV pR0 135-154 dekheM coddasa sothasa vAsA coddasavIsuttarAM ya doNNi sayA / anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1 / aTThAvIsA ya duve paMceva sayA u coyAlA // 782 / / 42. gopacchikAH zvetAvAsAH drAviDo yApanIyakAH / paMtha sayA tulasIyA chacceva sayA NvottarA hoti / ni: picchikazceti paMcaite jainAbhAsAH prakIrtitAH / / NANuppattIya duve uppaNNA Nitvue sesA // 783 / / dekheM-anekAnta, varSa 28 kiraNa. 1, pR0 246 22. chabbAsasayAI navuttarAI taiyA siddhigayassa vIrassa / 43. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 3054 to boDiyANa diTThI rahavIrapure samuppaNNA / / 44. paM0 becaradAsa dozI smRti grantha, sampAdaka : pro0 ema. e. DhAkA rahavIrapuraM nayaraM dIvagamujjANa ajjakaNhe ya / evaM pro0 sAgaramalajaina / pA. vi. zo0 saM0 se prakAzita, pR0 sivabhuissUvahiMmi ya pRcchA therANa kahaNA ya / / 68-73 UhAe paNNattaM boDiyasivabhUittarAhi imaM / 45. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha; bhAga-2, lekha kramAMka 99. micchAdasaNamiNamo rahavIrapure samuppaNNaM / / 46. vahI, bhAga 2, lekha kramAMka 99 47. vahI, bhAga2, lekha kramAMka 99,100 koDiNNa-koTTavIrA paraMparAphAsamuppaNNA / / 48. vahI, bhAga 2, lekha kramAMka 105 -Avazyaka mUlabhASya, 145-148, uddhRta-Avazyaka niyukti 49. vahI bhAga2, lekha kramAMka 124 haribhadrIyavRtti, pR0 215 50. vahI, bhAga 4, lekha kramAMka 70 23. paTTAvalI parAgasaMgraha, kalyANavijaya jI 51. vahI, bhAga2, lekha kramAMka 143 24. Jaina Stupas and Other Antiquities of India- 52. vahI, bhAga2, lekha kramAMka 160 V.A. Smith, Plate No. 10,15,17pp. 24,25 53. Jainism in South India and Some Jaina Epi25. Ibid, pp.24-25. graphs- Desai P.B. p. 165. 26. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA, pR0 385 54. dekheM -anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa1, pR0 247 27. (a) vahI, pR0 381 (ba) jainahitaiSI, bhAga 13, aMka 9-10.55. (a) Journal of the Bombay Historical Society,

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626 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 III, pp.102-200. 159,ff. (ba) anekAnta, varSa 28 kiraNa 1, pR0 248 69. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 5, lekhakramAMka 117. 56. (a) vahI, pR0 248 . 70. Jainism in South India, P.B. Desai, p. 404 (ba) South Indian Inscriptions XII No. 65, Ma- 71. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, saM0 bhAga 2, kramAMka 384. dras 1940. 72. jinavijaya (kannar3a) belagA~va julAI 1931 57. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 4, lekha kramAMka 130 73. anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 250. 58 vahI, 74. Epigraphia Indian X. No. 6, see Ibid., p. 247. 59 (a) anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 248 75. anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 244-45. (ba) South Indian Inscriptions, XII No. 65,Ma- 76. vahI, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 250. dras 1940. 77. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga lekha kramAMka / - (sa) jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 4, lekhakramAMka 131 78. Annals of the B.O.R.I. XV, pp. 198, Poona 60. vahI, bhAga 4, lekhakramAMka 143 1934, 61. vahI, 168 79. vyaktigata carcA ke AdhAra para / 62. vahI, bhAga 5, lekhakramAMka 69-70 80. digambarAH punarnAgnyaliGgAH pANipAtrAzca / te catardhA 63. I.A.XVIII. p. 309, Also see Jainism in South kASThAsaGghamUlasaGgha- mAthurasaGgha-gopyasaGgha-bhedAt / kASThAsaMghe India P.B. Desai, p. 115 camarIbAlai: picchikA, mUlasace mAyUrapicchai: picchikA, mAthurasaGgha 64. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 250 mUlato'pi picchikA nAdRtA, gopyA mAyUrapicchikA / AdyAstrayo'pi 65. Annual Report of South Indian Insciptions. saGghAvandhamAnA dharma vRddhi bhaNanti, strINAM muktiM kevalinAM bhukti 1951-52, No. 33,p- 12 See also. savrata-syApi sacIvarasya muktiM ca na manvate, gopyastu vandyamAnA anekAnta, varSa 28, kiraNa 1, pR0 248 dharmalAbhaM bhaNanti, strINAM mukti kevalinAM bhakti ca manyante / 66. jaina zilAlekha sagraha, bhAga 4, lekhakramAMka 207 gopyA yApanIyA itypyucynte| 67. vahI, bhAga 4, lekhakramAMka 259. -SaDedarzanasamuccaya-haribhadrasUri, kArikA 44: 2 guNaratna TIkA 68. Journal of the Karnatak University, X, 1965,