Jain Darshan me Nayavada

Author(s): Bansidhar Pandit
Publisher: Z_Bansidhar_Pandit_Abhinandan_Granth_012047.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210987/1

Page #1
jainadarzanameM nayavAda isameM saMdeha nahIM ki vizvake prAcInatama sabhI darzanakAroMmeM jainadarzanakAra vilakSaNa pratibhAke dhanI rahe hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzanakAroMne anya sabhI darzanabAroMko aTapaTe laganevAle anekAntavAda, syAmA nayavAda aura saptabhaMgIvAdako apane anabhavake AdhArapara vastavyavasthAkI siddhi ke liye jainadarzanameM sthAna diyA hai / jainadarzanakA AloDana karanese yaha bAta sahaja hI jAnI jA sakatI hai ki jabataka ukta vAdoMko svIkAra nahIM kara liyA jAtA tabataka vastuvyavasthA yA to adhUrI rahegI yA phira galata hogii| prakRta lekhameM hama nayavAdakA vivecana karanA cAhate haiN| lekina nayoMkA AdhAra jaina AgamameM caMki pramANako hI batalAyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~para sarvaprathama pramANakA hI saMkSepameM digdarzana karAyA jA rahA hai| pramANa-nirNaya laukika tathA dArzanika jagatmeM vastutattvako samajhaneke liye pramANako sthAna prApta hai| jainadarzanameM pramANazabdakA jo vyutpattyartha kiyA gayA hai usase vastutattvakI vyavasthA meM pramANake mahattvako sahaja hI jAnA jA sakatA hai / yathA'prakarSeNa saMzayAdivyavacchedena mIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena tatpramANam / ' - parIkSAmukhaTIkA 1-1 arthAt jisake dvArA vastutattvakA saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAyaMkA nirAkaraNa hokara nirNaya hotA hai vaha pramANa hai| cU~ki ullikhitarUpameM vastutattvakA nirNaya jJAnake dvArA hI saMbhava hai / ataH jainadarzanameM mukhyarUpase jJAnako hI pramANa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yathA'svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam / ' -parIkSAmukha 1-1 arthAt--apanA aura apanese bhinna pUrva meM anirNIta padArthakA nirNayAtmaka jJAna pramANa hai / parIkSAmukhasUtra grantha 1-2 meM hI Age batalAyA hai "hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamarthaM hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tat / " arthAt cUMki pramANa hitakI prApti aura ahitakA parihAra karanemeM samartha hotA hai, ataH jJAna hI pramANa kahalAne yogya hai / isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jJAna hI eka aisI vastu hai jo hitakI STApti aura ahitakA parihAra kara sakatI hai, ataH uparyukta kathanake AdhArapara jainadarzanameM jJAnako hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jJAna apramANa bhI hotA hai Upara hitakI prApti aura ahitakA parihAra karane meM jJAnako hI samartha batalAyA gayA hai| lekina yaha bAta nirvivAda hai ki sabhI jJAna hitakI prApti aura ahitakA parihAra karaneko sAmarthya nahIM rakhate haiN| ataH 1. syAdvAdakA hI apara nAma apekSAvAda hai| isakA upayoga sImita dAyaremeM arvAcIna evaM pAzcAtya darzana kAroMne bhI kiyA hai| 2. 'nayaprarUpaNaprabhavayonitvAt / ' -sarvArthasiddhi 1-6 / 3. 'saMzaya ubhayakoTisaMsparzI sthANA puruSo veti parAmarzaH / viparyayaH punaratasmistaditi vikalpaH / vizeSA nvdhaarnnmndhyvsaayH|' -prameyaratnamAlA 6-2 /

Page #2
4 / darzana aura nyAya 21 jina jJAnoMmeM ukta sAmarthya nahIM pAyI jAtI hai una jJAnoMko apramANa jJAna jAnanA cAhiye / jainadarzana meM aprapramANakA mANAbhAsanAmase ullekha karate hue usake jo bheda ginAye gaye haiM unameM jJAnavizeSoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA gayA hai / yathA 'asvasaMviditagRhItArtha darzana saMzayAdayaH pramANAbhAsAH / - parIkSAmukha 6-2 arthAt jo apanA saMvedana karanemeM asamartha ho yA jo gRhIta arthako grahaNa karanevAlA ho yA jo nirAkAra darzanarUpa ho aura yA jo saMzaya, viparyaya athavA anadhyavasAya svarUpa ho ve sabhI apane-apane DhaMga se pramANAbhAsa haiM / jJAnake bheda aura unakA pramANa tathA apramANarUpameM vibhAjana 3 tattvArthasUtrameM jJAnake pAMca bheda ginAye gaye haiM- matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna' / tathA ina pA~coM jJAnoMko pramANa kahA gayA hai aura Adike matijJAna, zrutajJAna aura avadhijJAna ina tIna jJAnoMko pramANa ke sAtha-sAtha apramANa bhI batalAyA gayA hai| isa prakAra pA~ca pramANarUpa aura tIna apramANa rUpa kula milAkara jJAnake ATha bheda kara diye gaye haiM / jJAnoMkI pramANatA aura apramANatAkA kAraNa svAmI samantabhadrane ratnakaraNDakatrAvakAcAra meM mohakarmakA abhAva honepara utpanna honevAle samyagdarzanako jJAnakI pramANatAkA kAraNa batalAyA hai aura AcArya pUjyapAdane "matizrutAvadhayo viparyayazca " ( 1-31 ) sUtrakI vyAkhyA karate hue jJAnakI apramANatAkA kAraNa mohakarmake udayameM utpanna honevAle mithyAdarzanako batalAyA hai| isa taraha aisA samajhanA cAhiye ki mohakarmake udayakA abhAva honepara utpanna samyagdarzanakI sthiti jIvako jo padArthajJAna hotA hai vaha pramANajJAna kahalAtA hai aura mohakarmake udayameM utpanna mithyAdarzana kI sthiti meM jIvako jo padArthajJAna hotA hai vaha apramANa jJAna kahalAtA hai / isa viSaya meM hama itanA aura spaSTa kara denA cAhate haiM ki janadarzana kI mAnyatAke anusAra uparyukta pA~ca sAmAnya jJAnoMmeMse manaH parvayajJAna aura kevalajJAna donoM mohakamaMke udayakA abhAva honepara utpanna samyagdarzanakI sthiti meM hI huA karate haiM / itanA hI nahIM, mana:paryayajJAna to samyagdarzanake sAtha-sAtha jIvameM sakalacAritrakI utpatti ho jAnepara tathA kevalajJAna sakalasaMyamase bhI Age yathAsyAtacAritrakI utpatti ho jAnepara hI huA karatA hai| isaliye mana:paryaya aura kevala ye donoM jJAna satata pramANarUpa hI rahA karate haiN| parantu matijJAna, dhutajJAna aura avadhijJAna jIvameM cUMki mohakarmake udayakA abhAva honepara utpanna samyagdarzanakI sthiti meM bhI hote haiM va mohakarmake udayameM utpanna mithyAdarzanakI sthitimeM bhI hote haiM / ataH ye tInoM jJAna samyagdazanakI sthiti honeke AdhArapara to pramANarUpa va mithyAdarzanakI sthitimeM honeke AdhArapara apramANarUpa isa taraha donoM prakArake huA karate haiN| isase yaha bAta bhI phalita hotI hai ki jJAna sAmAnyake Upara batalAye gaye 1. matizrutAvadhimanaH paryayakevalAni jJAnam / - tattvA0 1-9 / 2. vahI, 1-10 / 3. vahI, 1-31 / 4. dravya saMgraha gA0 5 / 5. "mohatimarApaharaNe darzanalAbhAdavAptasaMjJAnaH / padma 40 kA pUrvArdha 6. kutaH punareteSAM viparyayaH ? mithyAdarzanena sahaikArthasamavAyAt /

Page #3
22 : sarasvatIvaravaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-grantha pA~ca bheda hI samyagdarzana aura mithyAdarzanakI apekSAse kramazaH pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa hokara jJAnakI ATha bhedarUpatAko prApta ho jAte hai| jisa jJAnameM mohakI preraNA kAryakara rahI ho yA jo jJAna mohake AdhArapara utpanna rAga tathA dveSakI saMpUrtike liye ho use to mithyAdarzana (aviveka) kI sthitimeM honevAlA apramANa jJAna. jAnanA cAhiye aura jisa jJAnameM moha kI preraNA kArya na kara rahI ho yA jo jJAna mohake AdhArapara utpanna rAga tathA dveSakI saMpUtike liye na ho use samyagdarzana (viveka) kI sthitimeM utpanna huA pramANa jJAna jAnanA cAhiye / yahA~para abhilaSita Avazyaka athavA anAvazyaka parapadArthoM kI prAptimeM aura anabhilaSita parapadArthoke viyogameM harSa karanA rAga hai tathA anabhilaSita parapadArthoM kI prAptimeM aura abhilaSita Avazyaka athavA anAvazyaka parapadArthoM ke viyogameM viSAda karanA dveSa hai evaM parapadArthoMmeM ahaMddhi yA mamabuddhi karanA moha hai| isI prakAra parapadArthoM meM iSTabuddhi yA aniSTabuddhi karanA moha hai va isa taraha iSTarUpase svIkRta parapadArthake prati AkRSTa hokara usameM prIti karane laga jAnA rAga hai tathA aniSTarUpase svIkRta parapadArthake prati ghRNA va glAnirUpa aprIti karane laga jAnA dveSa hai-aisA jAnanA caahiye| jainAgamameM batalAyA hai ki jJAnake ullikhita pA~ca bhedoMmeMse antake avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevala ye tIna bheda to jIvameM pararUpa sAdhanoMkI sahAyatAke binA kevala AtmanirbharatAke AdhArapara hI utpanna hote haiM, lekina matijJAna aura zrutajJAnako utpattimeM AtmabalakI AvazyakatA honepara bhI donoMmeMse matijJAna to pararUpa sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA, netra aura karNa ina pA~ca indriyoM tathA mana hRdaya)kI yathAvazyaka sahAyatAse utpanna hotA hai va zrutajJAna pararUpa mana (mastiSka)kI sahAyatAse utpanna hotA hai / itanA batalAnemeM hamArA prayojana yaha hai ki jaba matijJAnakA ullikhita pA~ca indriyoM aura manakI sahAyatAse va zrutajJAnakA manakI sahAyatAse utpanna honekA niyama hai aura caMki pA~coM indriyoM va manakA sadoSa athavA nirdoSa honA bhI sambhava hai to isake AdhArapara jainadarzanakI yaha bhI mAnyatA hai ki jisa jIvakI indriyA~ va mana sadoSa hAlatame hoM usa jIvameM unakI sahAyatAse utpanna huA matijJAna tathA jisa jIvakA mana sadoSa hAlatameM ho usa jIvameM usako sahAyatAse utpanna huA zratajJAna donoM hI apramANarUpa hote haiN| isI prakAra jisa jIvakI indriyA~ va mana nirdoSa hAlatameM hoM usa jIvameM unakI sahAyatAse utpanna huA matijJAna tathA jisa jIvakA mana nirdoSa hAlatameM ho usa jIvameM usakI sahAyatAse utpanna huA zrutajJAna donoM hI pramANarUpa hote haiN| kAnoMmeM baharApana A jAnA, A~khoMpara pIliyA rogakA prabhAva ho jAnA yA motiyAvindu Adike kAraNa dRSTikA kamajora ho jAnA, nAkameM bhI sardI-jukAmakA ho jAnA Adi yathAyogya nimittoMse indriyA~ sadoSa ho jAtI hai va jIvameM krodhAdikaSAya utpanna honepara mana sadoSa ho jAyA karatA hai| isI taraha madya Adi mAdaka padArthoMkA sevana Adi kAraNoMse bho mana sadoSa ho jAyA karatA hai| -samayasAraTIkA, 1. 'yaH prItirU po rAgaH""""yo'pItirUpo dvaSaH......"yastattvApratipattirUpo mohaH / ' __ amRtacandra , gA0 50-55 / / 2. sarvArthasiddhi meM 'pratyakSamanyat / ' -1-12 sUtrakI vyAkhyA / 3. 'tadindriyAnindriyAnamittam / ' -tattvArthasUtra 1-14 / 4. 'zrutamatindriyasya / ' vahI, 2-11 /

Page #4
4 / darzana aura nyAya : 23 isa taraha ullikhita kathanakA sAra yaha hai ki samyagdarzanake sadbhAvameM ho utpanna honekA niyama honese mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna to satata pramANarUpa hI huA karate haiM / avadhijJAna yadi samyagdarzanake sadbhAvameM utpanna huA ho to pramANarUpa hotA hai aura yadi mithyAdarzana ke sadbhAvameM utpanna huA ho to apramANarUpa hotA hai / matijJAna aura zrutajJAna donoM samyagdarzana aura mithyAdarzana ke sadbhAvameM utpanna honeke kAraNa kramaza: pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa huA karate haiM tathA nirdoSa aura sadoSa indriya athavA manakI sahAyatAse utpanna honeke kAraNa bhI ve kramaza: pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa huA karate haiM / vacana bhI pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa hotA hai : jisa prakAra ullikhita prakArase jJAna pramANa aura apramANarUpa hotA hai usI prakAra vacana bhI pramANa aura apramANarUpa hotA hai / vacanakI pramANatA aura apramANatAkA AdhAra yaha hai ki vaha (vacana) pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI utpattimeM kAraNa' hotA hai / arthAt vaktAke vacanako sunakara zrotAko va lekhakake vacanako par3hakara pAThakako jo padArthajJAna hotA hai vaha ghutajJAna kahalAtA hai| yaha zrutajJAna yadi pramANarUpa hotA hai to isake nimittabhUta vacanako bhI pramANarUpa mAnA jAtA hai aura vaha (zrutajJAna) yadi apramANarUpa hotA hai to usake nimittabhUta vacanako bhI apramANarUpa mAnA jAtA hai / vacanakI pramANatA aura apramANatAkA eka anya AdhAra usa (vacana) kI utpattimeM nimittabhUta puruSakI pramANatA aura apramANatA bhI hotI haiN| arthAt vacanakI utpatti vaktAke bolanerUpa yA lekhakake likhanerUpa vyApArase hotI hai isaliye vaktA yA lekhaka yadi prAmANika vyakti hotA hai to usake dvArA kramazaH bolA gayA yA likhA gayA vacana bhI pramANarUpa mAnA jAtA hai aura vaktA yA lekhaka yadi aprAmANika vyakti hotA hai to usake dvArA kramazaH bolA gayA yA likhA gayA vacana bhI apramANarUpa mAnA jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki vacanakI pramANatAko siddha karaneke lie svAmI samantabhadrane ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArameM vacanake sAtha 'AptopajJa 12 vizeSaNa lagAyA hai| AptakA artha prAmANika vyakti hotA hai--yaha bAta svAmI samantabhadra ke ratnakaraNDakameM pAye jAnevAle Aptake lakSaNase hI prakaTa hotI hai| yathA AptenocchinnadoSeNa sarvajJa nAgamezinA / bhavitavyaM niyogena nAnyathA hyAptatA bhavet ||5|| arthAt jisake andarase sarva prakArake doSa nikala gaye hoM, sAtha hI jo sarvajJa aura AgamakA svAmI ho vahI Apta kahalA sakatA hai / ina bAtoMke abhAva meM AptatA sambhava nahIM hai / svAmI samantabhadra dvArA batalAyA gayA AptakA uparyukta lakSaNa AptasAmAnyakA na hokara AptavizeSakA arthAt sarvotkRSTa AptakA hI lakSaNa hai| isase yaha bAta phalita hotI hai ki aise puruSa bhI Apta kahe jAne yogya haiM jo alpajJa hokara bhI kama se kama pUrvokta prakArake rAga, dveSa aura mohako naSTa karake samyagdRSTi bana gaye hoN| yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya anantavIryane AptakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai"yo yatrAvaJcakaH sa tatrAptaH / " - prameyaratnamA0 3 99 / 1. 'AptavacanAdinibandhanamarthajJAnamAgamaH / parIkSAmukha 3 99 sUtrameM pramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI utpatti meM Aptavacanako va 'rAgadveSamohAkrAntapuruSavacanAjjAtamAgamAbhAsam / parIkSAmukha 6 51 sUtra meM apramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI utpatti meM anAptavacanako kAraNa mAnA gayA hai / I' 2. AptopajJamanullaGghyamadRSTeSTavirodhakam / tatvopadezakRtsA zAstraM kApaTTanam ||9||

Page #5
24 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-prantha arthAt jo jisa viSayameM avaJcaka hai yAnI dhokhA-dhar3I nahIM karatA hai vaha usa viSayameM Apta kahalAtA hai| isa taraha jainadarzanameM aisI grantha-racanAoMko bhI pramANa mAnA jAtA hai jo vidvAn maharSiyoM dvArA alpajJa rahate hue bhI parakalyANabhAvanAse nirIhavattipUrvaka kI gayI haiM tathA lokavyavahAra meM ukta rAga-dveSa aura mohase anAkAnta sAdhAraNa alpajJAnIjanoMmeM svIkRta AptatA bhI apanA kama mahattva nahIM rakhatI hai| arthAt janahitakArI upadezadAtA yA granthakartA maharSijana va prazasta lokavyavahArameM pravRtta sAdhAraNa laukikajana alpajJa rahate hue bhI apane-apane dAyaremeM Apta arthAt prAmANika mAne jAte haiN| ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra aura prameyaratnamAlAmeM Aptake jo lakSaNa batalAye gaye hai unase ThIka viparIta lakSaNa anApta puruSakA jAnanA caahiye| isIliye AcArya mANikyanandine AgAmAbhAsa (apramANarUpa zrutajJAna) kA lakSaNa batalAte hue 'rAgadvaSamohAkrAntapuruSavacanAjjAtamAgamAbhAsam / ' (pa0 mu0 6-15 ) meM apramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI utpattimeM nimittabhUta puruSake sAtha 'rAgadveSamohAkrAnta' vizeSaNa lagAyA hai| isa taraha uparyukta lakSaNa vAle AptapuruSa dvArA kahe gaye yA likhe gaye vacanako pramANarUpa aura isase viparIta uparyukta lakSaNavAle anAptapuruSa dvArA kahe gaye ya rIta uparyakta lakSaNavAle anAptapuruSa dvArA kahe gaye yA likhe gaye vacanako apramANarUpa jAnanA caahie| ___ isa kathanakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yA to pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI utpattimeM kAraNa honeke AdhArapara kAraNameM kAryadharmakA Aropa karanerUpa upacArase yA phira vacanakI utpattimeM nimittabhUta AptapuruSa aura anAptapuruSakA kArya honeke AdhArapara kArya meM kAraNadharmakA Aropa karanerUpa upacArase vacanako yathAyogya pramANa athavA apramANarUpa mAnanA cAhiye / jainAgamameM vacanako parArthazruta bhI kahA gayA hai jainAgamameM pramANake do bheda svIkAra kiye gaye hai-eka to svArthapramANa aura dUsarA parArthapramANa / sAtha hI yaha bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki jitanA jJAnarUpa pramANa hai vaha saba svArthapramANa kahalAtA hai aura jitanA vacanarUpa pramANa hai vaha saba parArthapramANa kahalAtA hai| isa taraha mati, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalarUpa jo cAra pramANa haiM ve apanI jJAnarUpatAke kAraNa svArthapramANa hI haiN| lekina zrutapramANa cUMki jJAnAtmaka aura vacanAtmaka donoM hI prakArakA hotA hai, ataH jitanA jJAnAtmaka zrutapramANa hai vaha to svArthapramANa aura jitanA vacanAtmaka zruta pramANa hai vaha parArthapramANa hai| jJAnako svArthapramANa kahanekA abhiprAya yaha hai ki usa ( jJAna ) kA padArthake viSayameM ajJAnanivRttirUpa phala usa ( jJAna ) ke AzrayabhUta 'sva' arthAt jJAtAko prApta hotA hai tathA vacanako parArthapramANa kahanekA abhiprAya yaha hai ki usakA ( vacanakA ) padArthake viSayameM ajJAnanivRttirUpa phala usa ( vacana ) kI utpattimeM nimittabhUta vaktA yA lekhakase bhinna 'para' arthAt zrotA yA pAThakako prApta hotA hai / jisa prakAra pramANa svArtha aura parArtha ke bhedase do prakArakA hai usI prakAra apramANa bhI svArtha aura parArthake bhedase do prakArakA samajha lenA cAhiye / inameMse svArtha apramANako usako apanI jJAnarUpatAke kAraNa mithyA matijJAna, mithyA zrutajJAna aura mithyA avadhijJAna rUpase tIna prakArakA tathA parArtha apramANako usakI apanI vacanarUpatAke kAraNa anAptavacanake rUpameM eka prakArakA jAnanA caahiye| cUMki mana:paryayaH aura kevala 1. 'pramANaM dvividhaM svArtha parArtha ca / tatra svArthaM pramANaM zrutavarNyam / zrutaM punaH svArtha bhavati parArthaM ca / jJAnAtmaka svArtha vacanAtmaka parArthamiti |'-srvaarthsiddhi 1-6 /

Page #6
4 | darzana aura nyAya : 25 ye donoM jJAna sarvadA samyak hI huA karate haiM, kabhI mithyArUpa nahIM hote / ataH ina donoMko apramANatAkI koTise bAhara rakhA gayA hai| pramANa aura apramANarUpa sabhI jJAnoMmeM padArthagrahaNakI vyavasthA pramANa aura apramANarUpa matijJAna va avadhijJAna evaM pramANarUpa manaHparyayajJAna usa-usa jJAnAvaraNakarmake kSayopazamase utpanna honeke kAraNa apane viSayabhUta padArthako ekadezarUpameM akhaNDa bhAvase grahaNa karate haiM, pramANarUpa kevalajJAna samasta jJAnAvaraNakarmake kSayase utpanna honeke kAraNa apane viSayabhUta padArthako yugapata sarvadezarUpameM akhaNDa bhAvase grahaNa karatA hai / lekina pramANa aura apramANa donoM hI tarahakA zrutajJAna zrutajJAnAvaraNakarmake kSayopazamase utpanna hone va utpattimeM sAMza vacanakA avalambana Avazyaka rahaneke kAraNa apane viSayabhUta padArthake eka-eka aMzako pRthak-pRthak kAlameM kramazaH grahaNa karatA huA padArthako sakhaNDabhAvase hI grahaNa kiyA karatA hai| isa kathanakA tAtparya yaha hai ki yathAyogya pramANa athavA apramANarUpa matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAnameM aMzamakhena akhaNDa bhAvase padArtha gahIta hotA hai, pramANarUpa kevalajJAna meM sarvAtmanA yugapat akhaNDa bhAvase padArtha gRhIta hotA hai / parantu pramANa aura apramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM padArthaMke eka-eka aMzakA kramazaH grahaNa hotA haA padArtha ke saMpUrNa aMzoMkA grahaNa sakhaNDabhAvase hotA hai kyoMki pramANarUpa zratajJAnakI utpatti to sAMza aura kramavartI pramANarUpa Aptavacanase tathA apramANarUpa zratajJAnakI utpatti sAMza aura kramavartI apramANarUpa anAptavacanase huA karatI hai / Age vacanakI sAMzatAke viSayameM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| vacana sAMza hotA hai akSara, zabda, pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyake bhedase vacana pA~ca prakArakA hotA hai| vacanake ina pAMcoM prakAroMmeMse zabdake aMgabhUta nirarthaka akArAdivarNa akSara kahalAte haiM, arthavAn akArAdi akSara aura do Adi nirarthaka akSaroMkA arthavAn samudAya 'zabda' kahalAtA hai, arthavAn zabdarUpa prakRtikA saMskRta bhASAmeM 'sup' athavA 'tiG' pratyaya ke sAtha saMyoga honepara padakA nirmANa hotA hai tathA paraspara sApekSa do Adi padoMke nirapekSa samUhase 'vAkya'kA evaM parasparasApekSa do Adi vAkyoMke nirapekSa samUhase 'mahAvAkya'kA nirmANa hotA hai| yadyapi do Adi mahAvAkyoMkA bhI nirapekSa samUha huA karatA hai parantu mahAvAkyoMke aise samUhako bhI 'mahAvAkya' zabdase hI vyavahRta kiyA jAtA hai / 1. 'sutiGantaM padam'-aSTAdhyAyI, pANini, 1-4-14 / 2. 'padAnAM parasparasApekSANAM nirapekSaH samudAyo vAkyam / ' -aSTazato, akalaGka, aSTasahasrI pR0 285 / 3. 'vAkyoccayo mahAvAkyam |'--saahitydrpnn, pariccheda 2, zloka 1 / isa zlokake 'vAkyoccayaH' padakA vizleSaNa isIkI TIkAmeM 'yogyatAkAMkSAsattiyuktaH' kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha mahAvAkyakA isa prakAra lakSaNa hotA hai-- 'parasparasApekSANAM vAkyAnAM nirapekSaH samudAyo mahAvAkyam / ' isa lakSaNake AdhArapara hI gommaTasAra jIvakANDake zrutajJAnaprakaraNameM ginAye gaye zrutake bhedoMmeMse Adike akSara, pada aura saMghAta ( vAkya ) se Age jitane bheda haiM ve saba mahAvAkyake hI bheda samajhanA caahie| noTa-isa TippaNImeM 'saMghAta' zabdakA artha vAkya hamane AptamImAMsAkI kArikA 103 kI aSTasahasrITIkAke AdhArapara kiyA hai|

Page #7
26 : sarasvatI-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-prantha isa kathanase yaha bAta nizcita hotI hai ki akSara zabdakA, zabda padakA, pada vAkyakA aura vAkya mahAvAkyakA yathAyogya aMza hotA hai| isI taraha eka adi mahAvAkya bhI do Adi mahAvAkyoMke samUharUpa mahAvAkyake aMza siddha ho jAte haiM / cU~ki vacanake akSara, zabda, pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyarUpa bheda pramANarUpa Aptavacana aura atramANarUpa anAptavacana donoMmeM hI samAnarUpase pAye jAte haiN| ataH pramANa rUpa Aptavacana aura apramANarUpa anAptavacana donoM hI samAnarUpase ukta AdhArapara sAMza siddha ho jAte haiN| vacanakI sAMzatA hI zrutajJAnameM sAMzatA-siddhikA kAraNa hai : koI bhI jJAna, cAhe vaha pramANarUpa ho athavA cAhe apramANarUpa ho, asaMkhyAta pradezI akhaNDa AtmAke akhaNDa jJAnaguNakI akhaNDa paryAya hI ho sakatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki pramANa aura apramANarUpa matijJAna tathA avadhijJAnako va pramANarUpa manaHparyayajJAna tathA kevalajJAnako niraMza mAna liyA gayA hai| yadyapi isa prakArase to pramANa aura apramANarUpa zrutajJAnako bhI niraMza mAnanA ucita pratIta hotA hai parantu pramANarUpa matijJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevalajJAna evaM apramANarUpa matijJAna aura avadhijJAnakI apekSA pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa donoM tarahake zrutajJAnameM yaha vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai ki isakI utpatti pUrvokta prakArake sAMza vacanake avalambanase haA karatI hai isaliye pramANarUpa aura apramANarUpa donoM ho prakArake zra tajJAnako sAMza mAnanA hI ucita hai| vacanakI sAMzatAse jJAnameM sAMzatA-siddhikA prakAra (1) vacanameM vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta sAMza padArthake pratipAdanakI kSamatA pAyI jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaktA yA lekhaka aise padArthakA pratipAdana karaneke lie vacanakA prayoga kiyA karatA hai| (2) vaktA yA lekhaka apane manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta sAMza padArthakA kramazaH zrotA yA pAThakako bodha karAneke liye hI vacanakA prayoga kiyA karatA hai kyoMki bole gaye vacanako sunakara zrotAko tathA likhe gaye vacanako par3hakara pAThakako kramazaH vaktA yA lekhakake ullikhita prakArake padArthakA bodha ho jAyA karatA hai| . (3) cUMki Upara batalAye gaye prakArase vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta sAMza padArtha vacanakA pratipAdya hotA hai aura isa prakArakA vacana-pratipAdya padArtha sAMza hotA hai, yaha Age batalAyA jAyagA tathA vacana bhI sAMza hotA hai, yaha batalA hI cuke haiN| ataH vaktA yA lekhaka dvArA prayukta sAMza vacanase pratipAdita ukta prakArake sAMza padArthakA zrotA yA pAThakako bodha bhI sAMzarUpameM hI hogaa| ina kAraNoMke balapara vacanakI sAMzatAkI siddhi honA ayukta nahIM hai / vacanake prayoga aura usase padArtha-pratipAdanako vyavasthA Upara vacanake jo akSara, zabda, pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyake bhedase pA~ca bheda batalAye gaye haiM unameMse pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyake rUpameM hI vacana prayogArha hotA hai, akSara aura zabdake rUpameM nahIM, kyoMki nirarthaka akSara to hamezA zabdake avibhAjya aMga hI rahA karate haiM, isalie unakA prayoga svataMtrarUpa meM na hokara zabdake aMgarUpameM hI haA karatA hai tathA arthavAn akSara aura nirarthaka do Adi akSaroMke samudAyarUpa zabda bhI saMskRta bhASAmeM to tabhI prayukta hote haiM jabaki ve yathAyogya 'sup' athavA 'tiG' pratyayase saMyukta hokara padakA rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiN|

Page #8
4 / darzana aura nyAya : 27 isa prakAra yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki akSara aura zabda kabhI prayogAha nahIM hote haiM, kevala pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkya hI prayogArha hote haiM / pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyameMse padako vaktA yA lekhaka kisI anukUla vAkyakA avayava mAnakara hI prayukta karatA hai tathA vAkya athavA mahAvAkyako vaktA yA lekhaka kahIM to yathAyogya anukUla mahAvAkyakA avayava mAnakara prayukta karatA hai aura kahIM AvazyakatAnusAra svataMtrarUpameM prayukta karatA hai| vacanase honevAle padArthapratipAdanakI vyavasthA yaha hai ki zabdake aMgabhUta akSara to hamezA nirarthaka hI rahA karate haiM / svataMtra akSara aura do Adi nirarthaka akSaroMke samudAyarUpa zabda yadyapi arthavAn hote haiM parantu inakA prayoga saMskRta bhASAmeM to yathAyogya suvanta athavA tiGanta hokara padakA rUpa dhAraNa karanepara hI saMbhava hai| isaliye zabdake aMgabhUta nirarthaka akSaroM, arthavAna svataMtra akSaroM evaM do Adi nirarthaka akSaroMke samudAyarUpa arthavAn zabdoMke viSayameM arthapratipAdanakI carcA karanA hI vyartha hai| inake atirikta vacanake jo pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyarUpa bheda hai unakA prayoga karake hI vaktA yA lekhaka apane manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana kara sakatA hai| lekina inameMse pada hamezA vaktA yA lekhakake ukta prakArake padArtha ke aMzakA pratipAdana karanemeM hI samartha rahatA hai, vaha kabhI bhI padArthake pratipAdanameM samartha nahIM hotaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaktA yA lekhaka eka to kabhI padakA prayoga svataMtrarUpameM karatA nahIM hai aura yadi kadAcit vaha usakA (padakA) prayoga svataMtrarUpameM karatA bhI hai to vahA~para bhI vaha usakA vaha prayoga kisI anukUla vAkyakA avayava mAnakara hI karatA hai / isaliye aise sthalapara vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA bodha karaneke liye yathAyogya kSotA yA pAThaka dvArA anya anukUla padakA AkSepa niyamase kara liyA jAtA hai, kyoMki padake svataMtra prayogameM jabataka use kisI anukUla vAkyakA avayava nahIM mAna liyA jAtA taba taka usase vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pUrNarUpase pratipAdana honA to dUra rahA, usase ukta padArthake aMzakA pratipAdana honA bhI asaMbhava bAta hai| isa viSayameM udAharaNa yaha hai ki koI vaktA yA lekhaka kadAcit sirpha astitvabodhaka 'hai' isa kriyApadakA yadi svataMtra prayoga karatA hai to jabataka isa kriyApadake sAtha baktA yA lekhaka dvArA apane abhISTa arthakA pratipAdana karaneke liye ghar3A, kapar3A, AdamI Adi kisI anukUla saMjJA padakA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAyagA athavA prakaraNa Adike AdhArapara ukta prakArake saMjJApadakA zrotA yA pAThaka dvArA svayaM AkSepa nahIM kara liyA jAyagA tabataka usa zrotA yA pAThakake mastiSkameM kyA hai ? yaha prazna cakkara kATatA hI rhegaa| isI taraha vaktA yA lekhaka dvArA ghaDA, vastra, AdamI Adi kisI bhI saMjJApadakA svataMtra prayoga kiye jAnepara zrotA yA pAThakake mastiSkameM niyamase utpanna honevAle praznakA samAdhAna karaneke liye 'hai' ityAdi kriyApadake saMbandhameM prayoga yA AkSepakI yahI vyavasthA lAgU hotI hai / isa udAharaNase yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki anya anukUla padanirapekSa svataMtra padakA prayoga yadi kadAcit kara bhI diyA jAya to bhI vaha pada usa hAlatameM na to vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana karatA hai aura na usa prakArake padArthake yathAyogya kisI aMzakA pratipAdana karatA hai lekina usI padako jaba kisI anukUla pada yA padoMke sAtha jor3a diyA jAtA hai to vAkyakA avayava bana jAnepara vaha taba vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana na karatA huA bhI usa padArthake aMzakA niyamase pratipAdana karane laga jAtA hai|

Page #9
28: sarasvatI - varavaputra paM0 vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha vAkya aura mahAvAkya aise vacana hai ki jinase yathAvasara vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA athavA usake aMzakA pratipAdana saMbhava hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaktA yA lekhaka jahA~ jisa vAkya athavA mahAvAkyase apane manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai vahA~ vaha usa vAkya athavA mahAvAkyakA svataMtra rUpameM hI prayoga karatA hai aura vaktA yA lekhaka jahA~ jisa vAkya athavA mahAvAkyase ullikhita prakArake padArthake aMzakA pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai vahA~ vaha vAkya yA mahAvAkyakA prayoga svataMtra rUpameM na karake kisI anukUla mahAvAkyake avayavake rUpameM kiyA karatA hai athavA yoM kahiye ki kisI vAkya athavA mahAvAkyakA kahIMpara kisI vaktA yA lekhaka dvArA yadi svataMtra prayoga kiyA jAya to usa vAkya yA mahAvAkyase usa vaktA yA lekhakake manogata abhiprAyarUpa bAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA hI pratipAdana hogA aura yadi isI vAkya athavA mahAvAkyakA vaktA yA lekhaka dvArA kisI anukUla mahAvAkyake avayavake rUpameM prayoga kiyA jAya to usa vAkya yA mahAvAkyase usa vaktA yA lekhakake ullikhita prakArake padArtha ke aMzakA hI pratipAdana hogaa| vAkyakA svatantra rUpa meM prayoga karaneke viSaya meM udAharaNa yaha hai ki mAna lIjiye - eka vyakti svAmI hai aura dUsarA vyakti usakA sevaka hai| svAmI pAnI bulAnerUpa padArthakA manameM saMkalpa karake sevakako bolatA hai - 'pAnI lAo ?', sevaka bhI isa eka hI vAkyase svAmIke usa manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthako samajhakara pAnI lAneke liye cala detA hai / isa taraha yahA~para 'pAnI lAo' yaha vAkya svAmIke ullikhita padArthakA hI pratipAdana kara rahA hai tathA 'pAnI' aura 'lAo' ye donoM pada cUMki 'pAnI lAo' isa vAkyake avayava bane hue haiM ataH ye donoM pada svAmIke ullikhita prakArake padArtha ke eka-eka aMzakA pratipAdana kara rahe haiN| yadi ukta donoM padoMko ukta vAkyase pRthak karake svataMtra svataMtra rUpameM prayukta kara diyA jAya to usa hAlata meM phira ve donoM hI pada na to svAmIke ullikhita prakArake padArthakA pratipAdana kareMge aura na usa padArtha ke kisI aMzakA hI pratipAdana kara sakeMge / svatantra rUpase prayukta mahAvAkya athavA usake avayavoMke rUpameM prayukta vAkyoMkA udAharaNa yaha hai ki jaba svAmIkA manogata abhiprAya rUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArtha loTA le jAkara pAnI lAne rUpa ho to vaha apane isa abhiprAyarUpa padArthako sevakapara prakaTa karaneke liye 'loTA le jAo aura pAnI lAo' isa taraha do vAkyoMke samUharUpa mahAvAkyakA prayoga karatA hai / yahA~ para yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki 'choTA le jAo' aura 'pAnI lAo' ye donoM vAkya milakara eka mahAvAkyakA rUpa dhAraNa karake hI svAmIke manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA prati pAdana kara rahe haiM tathA 'loTA le jAo' aura 'pAnI lAo' ye donoM vAkya jabataka 'loTA le jAo aura pAna lAo' isa mahAvAkyake avayava bane hue haiM taba taka donoM hI vAkya vaktA yA lekhakake ullikhita padArtha ke eka eka aMzakA pratipAdana kara rahe haiM / yadi ina donoM vAkyoMko inake samUharUpa ukta mahAvAkyase pRthak karake svataMtra svataMtra rUpa meM prayukta kara diyA jAya to usa hAlatameM ye donoM hI vAkya svataMtra rUpase svAmIke manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta pRthak-pRthak do padArthoMkA pratipAdana karane lageMge / usa hAlata meM ye donoM vAkya na to svAmIke ullikhita mahAvAkyake prayogameM pratijJAta padArthake aMzoMkA pratipAdana kareMge aura na padakI taraha padArthake pratipAdana meM asamartha hI rheNge| aneka mahAvAkyoMke samUharUpa mahAvAkya athavA aise mahAvAkya ke avayavoMke rUpameM prayukta mahAvAkyoMkA udAharaNa yaha hai ki AcArya umAsvAmine apane manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArtha mokSa

Page #10
4/ darzana aura nyAya : 29 mArga aura usake viSayabhUta saptatattvoMkA pratipAdana karane ke liye tattvArthasUtra grantharUpa eka mahAvAkyakI racanA kI hai tathA ullikhita prakArake padArthake aMzabhUta eka viSayakA pratipAdana karaneke AdhArapara usake daza adhyAyarUpa daza aMza banA diye haiM / isa taraha daza adhyAyarUpa daza mahAvAkyoMkA samudAyarUpa tattvArthasUtragrantha eka mahAvAkya ke rUpameM AcArya zrI umAsvAmike manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana kara rahA hai tathA usake aMzabhUta dazoM adhyAya usa padArthake eka-eka aMzakA pratipAdana kara rahe haiN| yadi dUsarA koI vyakti ina daza adhyAyoMmeM varNita pratyeka adhyAyake viSayako svatantrarUpase pRthak-pRthak pratijJAta karake alaga-alaga daza granthoMkA nirmANa kara detA hai to usa hAlatameM svatantrarUpameM nirmita ve daza grantha apane-apane viSayakA pUrNarUpase pratipAdana karane lgeNge| upayukta kathanase eka bAta to yaha spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki prayukta hone va padArtha ke pratipAdanakI kSamatA pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyameM hI pAyI jAtI hai va dusarI yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyameMse pada hamezA vAkyakA avayava hokara hI prayukta hotA hai aura vaha hamezA padArtha ke aMzakA hI pratipAdana karatA hai, zeSa vAkya aura mahAvAkya donoM kahIM to prayoktAke abhiprAyake anusAra svatantrarUpameM prayukta hote haiM aura kahIM ve prayoktAke abhiprAyake anusAra hI kisI anukUla mahAvAkyake avayavake rUpa meM bhI prayukta hote haiM / vAkya aura mahAvAkya jahA~ svatantrarUpameM prayukta hote hai vahA~ to ve prayoktAke manogata abhiprAyarUpa yAnI saMkalpita yA pratijJAta padArthakA pratipAdana karate haiM aura jahA~ kisI anukUla mahAvAkyake avayavake rUpameM prayukta hote hai vahA~ ve prayoktAke ullikhita prakArake padArthake aMzoMkA hI pratipAdana karate hai athavA yoM kahiye ki prayoktAko jahA~ kisI vAkya athavA mahAvAkyase ullikhita prakArake svatantra padArthakA pratipAdana karanA hotA hai vahA~ to vaha unakA prayoga svatantra rUpa meM alaga-alaga hI karatA hai aura jahA~ inase ullikhita prakArake padArthake aMzakA pratipAdana karanA hI prayoktAkA lakSya rahatA hai vahA~ vaha inakA prayoga anukula mahAvAkyake avayavake rUpa meM hI karatA hai| vacanameM akSara, zabda, pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyakA bheda karake jisa sAMzatAkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai vaha sAMzatA jisa prakAra Upara laukika vacanoMmeM darzAyI gayI hai usI prakAra vaha sAMzatA zAstrIya vacanoMmeM bhI darzAyI jA sakatI hai / jaise jainadarzanameM vastuko nitya aura anitya ubhaya dharmAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| isake viparIta sAMkhyadarzanameM use nityadharmAtmaka va bauddhadarzanameM use anityadharmAtmaka svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha jainadarzanameM jahA~ bhI 'vastu nitya hai' yaha prayoga milatA hai vahA~para vaha 'vastu nitya hai aura anitya hai' isa mahAvAkyakA avayava hI mAnA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki usa vAkyakA hamezA yahI artha hotA hai ki vastukI dravyarUpatA yA gaNarUpatA nitya hai| isI prakAra jainadarzanameM jahA~ bhI 'vastu anitya hai| yaha prayoga milatA hai vahA~para vaha bhI 'vastu nitya hai aura anitya hai' isa mahAvAkyakA avayava hI mAnA jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki isa vAkyakA hamezA yahI artha hotA hai ki vastukI paryAyarUpatA anitya hai| isa taraha jainadarzanameM pAye jAnevAle ina donoM prayogoMse hamezA yathAyogya nityAnityAtmaka vastuko aMzAtmaka nityatA va anityatAkA hI pratipAdana hotA hai / isake viparota sAMkhya darzanameM vastuko cUMki sarvathA nitya mAnA gayA hai aura bauddhadarzanameM use cUMki sarvathA anitya mAnA gayA hai ataH sAMkhya darzanakA 'vastu nitya hai' yaha prayoga aura bauddha darzanakA 'vastu anitya hai' yaha prayoga eka dUsare vacanakA avayava na hokara donoM hI svatantra prayoga siddha hote haiN| ataH sAMkhya aura bauddha darzanoMmeM pAye jAnevAle usa-usa prayogase yathAyogya padArtha ke rUpameM hI nityatA athavA anityatAkA pratipAdana hotA hai, padArtha ke aMzake rUpameM nhiiN| '

Page #11
30 : sarasvatI-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-prantha isa kathanase eka bAta yaha bhI phalita hotI hai ki vacanameM akSara, zabda, pada, vAkya aura mahAvAkyarUpa bhedoMke AdhArapara jisa sAMzatAkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai vaha sAMzatA pramANarUpa Aptavacana aura apramANarUpa anAptavacana donoMmeM hI samAnarUpase pAyI jAtI hai| jainadarzanameM pratipAdita vacanakI yaha sAMzatA hI zruta-pramANameM nayotpattikI jananI hai / Age isI viSayapara vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| nayoMkA vikAsa : isa lekhake prArambhameM ho hama batalA Aye hai ki nayoMkA AdhArasthala pramANa hotA hai| isake sAtha hI jainAgamameM spaSTarUpase yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki naya pramANakA aMzarUpa hI hotA hai / yathA nApramANaM pramANaM vA nayo jJAnAtmako mataH / syAtpramANaikadezastu sarzathApyavirodhataH / / -tattvArthazlokavAttika, a0 1, sU0 6, vA0 21 / arthAt jJAnAtmaka naya na to apramANarUpa hotA hai aura na pramANarUpa hI hotA hai kintu pramANakA ekadeza (aMza) rUpa hI hotA hai / isase do bAteM phalita hotI hai--eka to yaha ki nayavyavasthA pramANameM hI hotI hai, apramANameM nahIM / aura dUsarI yaha ki naya hamezA pramANakA aMzarUpa hI rahA karatA hai, vaha svayaM kabhI pUrNa rUpa nahIM hotaa| apramANameM nayavyavasthA nahIM hotI--isakA khulAsA hama Age kareMge / ataH ise chor3akara yahA~para hama isa bAtakA spaSTIkaraNa kara denA cAhate haiM ki naya pramANakA aMzarUpa hI rahA karatA hai| tattvArthazlokavAttikameM nimnalikhita padya pAyA jAtA hai-- svArthekadezanirNItilakSaNo hi nayaH smRtH| --a0 1, sU0 6, vA0 4 / arthAt pramANake viyabhUta 'sva' aura 'padArthake eka deza (aMza)' kA jisake dvArA nirNaya kiyA jAya vaha naya kahalAtA hai| isa padyameM nayako jo padArthake ekadeza (aMza) kA grAhaka pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai usase siddha hotA hai ki naya hamezA pramANakA aMza ho huA karatA hai / sarvArthasiddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAdane bhI likhA haisakalAdezaH pramANAdhIno vikalAdezo nayAdhInaH / -tattvA0 1-6 / arthAt padArthakA pUrNarUpase grAhaka pramANa hotA hai aura usake aMzakA grAhaka naya hotA hai / isa taraha naya jaba pramANakA aMza siddha ho jAtA hai to isase eka bAta yaha bhI siddha ho jAtI hai ki naya-vyavasthA sAMza pramANameM hI hotI hai, niraMza pramANameM nhiiN| isakA kAraNa bhI yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki niraMza jJAnameM jJAnakA akhaNDa bhAva rahaneke kAraNa aMzoMkA vibhAjana nahIM ho sakatA hai / isase pramANake pUrvokta pAMca bhedoMmeMse matijJAna, avadhijJAna, mana paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAnameM nayavyavasthAkA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki ina jJAnoMmeM padArthaM grahaNakA akhaNDa bhAva hI pAyA jAtA hai aura cU~ki zrutajJAnameM padArthagrahaNake aMzoMkA vibhAjana hotA hai, ataH usameM nayavyavasthAkA sadbhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai jaisA ki pUrva meM batalAyA jA cukA hai ki matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnameM usa-usa jJAnAvaraNakarma ke kSayopazamase utpanna honeke kAraNa yadyapi padArthakA jJAna sarvAtmanA na hokara aMzamukhena hI hotA hai lekina vaha jJAna hotA akhaNDabhAvase hI hai| isI taraha kevalajJAjJameM samasta jJAnAvaraNa

Page #12
4] darzana aura nyAya : 31 karmake kSayase utpanna honeke kAraNa padArthakA grahaNa yadyapi sarvAtmanA hotA hai to bhI vaha jJAna cU~ki yugapat sampUrNa aMzoMkA eka sAtha hI huA karatA hai ataH vaha bhI aMzoMkA bhedarahita akhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai| isa prakAra ina cAroM jJAnoMmeM nayavyavasthAkI siddhi honA asambhava bAta hai| lekina zrutajJAnameM ina cAroM jJAnoMkI apekSA yaha vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai ki zrutajJAnAvaraNakarmake kSayopazamapUrvaka sAMzavacanake avalambanase utpanna honeke kAraNa usameM ( tajJAnameM) padArthakA jJAna akhaNDabhAvase na hokara padArthake eka-eka aMzakA kramazaH jJAna hotA huA sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna ho jAyA karatA hai, isaliye isa jJAnameM padArtha grahaNakA sakhaNDabhAva rahane ke kAraNa nayavyavasthAkI siddhi ho jAtI hai| tattvArthazlokavAttika (1-33-6) meM jo nayakA lakSaNa nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai usameM to spaSTarUpase kahA gayA hai ki nayavyavasthA zrutajJAna meM hI hotI hai / yathA ____ "nIyate gamyate yena zrutArthAMzo nayo hi saH / " arthAt jisake dvArA zrutajJAnarUpa pramANake viSayabhUta padArtha ke aMzakA jJAna kiyA jAya vaha naya kahalAtA hai| nayavyavasthA zrutajJAnameM hI hotI hai, matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura kevalajJAnameM nahIM hotI, isakI puSTi isI granthake nimnalikhita vAttikoMse bhI hoto hai "materavadhito vApi manaHparyayato'pi vaa| jJAtasyArthasya nAMze'sti nayAnAM vartanaM nanu / / niHzeSadezakAlArthAgocaratvavinizcayAt / tasyeti bhASitaM kaizcidyuktameva tatheSTataH / / trikAlagocarAzeSapadArthAMzeSu vRttitaH / kevalajJAnamUlatvamapi teSAM na yujyate / parokSAkAratAvRtteH spaSTatvAtkevalasya tu / zrutamUlA nayAH siddhA vakSyamANAH pramANa vat // -ta0 zlo0 1-6-24, 25, 26, 27 / ina vAttikoMkA artha yaha hai ki matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnameM nayoMkI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki ina jJAnoMmeM niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitAkA abhAva rahatA hai| arthAt ye tInoM jJAna apane viSayabhUta padArthako sampUrNa deza aura kAlakI viziSTatAke sAtha grahaNa karane meM asamartha rahate haiM / kevala jJAna yadyapi apane viSayabhUta padArthako sampUrNa deza aura kAlakI viziSTatAke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai lekina usake (kevalajJAnake) grahaNameM spaSTatA' (pratyakSAkAratA) pAyI jAtI hai jaba ki nayoMke grahaNameM parokSAkAratA hI rahA karatI hai| isa prakAra nayoMkA udbhava matijJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyaya jJAna aura kevalajJAnameM na hokara zrutajJAnameM hI hotA hai, kyoMki vaha eka to apane viSayabhUta padArthako sampUrNa deza aura kAlakI viziSTatAke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai| dUsare usameM parokSAkAratA pAyI jAtI hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki pramANameM nayavyavasthAkI siddhike liye do bAte apekSita haiM- eka to pramANakI niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitA aura aura dUsarI prokssaakaartaa| pramANameM nayavyavasthAkI siddhihetu niHzeSa1. vizadaM pratyakSam / ' -parIkSAmukha 2-3 / 2. Adye parIkSam / ' -tattvArthasU0 1-11 /

Page #13
32 : sarasvatI - varadaputra paM0 vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-nya dezakAlArtha viSayitAke sadbhAvakA prayojana yaha hai ki jisa pramANameM nayavyavasthAko siddhikI jAya usake dvArA padArtha ke sampUrNa aMzoMkA viSaya honA Avazyaka hai / isakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnarUpa pramANoMmeM kSAyopazamikajJAna honeke kAraNa cU~ki niHzeSadezakAlArthaM viSayitAkA abhAva rahatA hai| ataH inameM nayavyavasthAkI siddhikA virodha kiyA gayA hai / isI prakAra pramANa meM nayavyavasthAkI siddhihetu parokSAkAratAkA prayojana yaha hai ki jisa pramANameM nayavyavasthAkI siddhi kI jAya usa pramANake dvArA padArtha ke sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna kramazaH honA Avazyaka hai kAraNa ki padArthake sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna pramANa dvArA yadi yugapat hotA hai to usameM aMzoMkA vibhAjana honA asambhava hai / isakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki kevalajJAnameM niHzeSadezakAlArtha viSayitAkA sadbhAva rahate hue bhI kSAyikajJAna honeke kAraNa pratyakSAkAratA A jAnese padArtha ke sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna cU~ki yugapat akhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai / ataH usameM (kevalajJAnarUpa pramANameM) bhI nayavyavasthAkA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai aura cU~ki zrutajJAna eka aisA pramANa hai ki jisameM niHzeSadezakAlArtha - viSayitA aura parokSAkAratA donoM hI bAteM pAyI jAtI haiM arthAt zrutajJAna dvArA eka to padArtha ke sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna hotA hai aura dUsare kSAyopazamika va vacanAvalambI jJAna honeke kAraNa usameM ( zrutajJAnameM) parIkSAkAratAke AjAnese padArthake una sampUrNa aMzoMkA jJAna kramazaH sakhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai, ataH usameM nayavyavasthAkA sadbhAva siddha ho jAtA hai / svAmI samantabhadrane zrutajJAnako kramazaH sarvatattvaprakAzaka svIkAra kiyA hai / yathA - syAdvAdakevalajJAne sarvatattvaprakAzane / bhedaH sAkSAdasAkSAcca hyavastvanyatamaM bhavet // -AptamImAMsA, kA0, 105 / syAdvAda arthAt zrutajJAna aura kevalajJAna donoM hI padArthako sarvAtmanA grahaNa karate haiM lekina kevalajJAna jahA~ padArthako sAkSAt arthAt pratyakSarUpameM yugapat akhaNDabhAvase grahaNa karatA hai vahA~ zrutajJAna use asAkSAt arthAt parokSarUpameM kramazaH sakhaNDabhAvase hI grahaNa karatA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki padArthakA jahA~ sampUrNa tAke sAtha grahaNa hotA hai vahA~ padArtha ke saMpUrNa aMzoMkA grahaNa hotA huA bhI yadi vaha grahaNa pratyakSarUpameM hotA hai to usameM padArtha ke ve saMpUrNa aMza yugapat akhaNDabhAva se hI gRhIta hote haiM aura yadi vaha grahaNa parokSarUpameM hotA hai to usameM padArthake ve saMpUrNa aMza kramase eka-eka aMza rUpameM sakhaNDabhAvase hI gRhIta hote haiM / kevalajJAna aura zrutajJAna ina donoMke madhya itanA hI antara hai ki kevalajJAnameM padArthake sampUrNa aMzoMkA grahaNa pratyakSarUpameM honeke kAraNa yugapat akhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai aura zrutajJAnameM padArthake sampUrNa aMzoMkA grahaNa parokSarUpameM hoMneke kAraNa kramazaH saMkhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai / svAmI samantabhadrane kahA hai ki- 'tattvajJAnaM pramANaM te yugapatsarvabhAsanam / kramabhAvi ca yajjJAnaM syAdvAdanayasaMskRtam // -- AptamImAMsA kA0 101 / arthAt he bhagavan Apake mata meM yugapat sarvabhAsanarUpa tattvajJAna arthAt kevalajJAna aura syAdvAdanayase saMskRta kramase utpanna honevAlA sarvabhAsanarUpa tattvajJAna arthAt zrutajJAna donoM hI pramANarUpa mAne gaye haiM / isase kevalajJAna aura zrutajJAnameM ullikhita prakArakA antara spaSTarUpase samajha meM A jA jAtA hai / isa taraha AgamapramANoMke AdhArapara yaha bAta acchI taraha spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki nayavyavasthA zrutajJAnameM hI hotI hai /

Page #14
zrutajJAnakI ni:zeSadezakAlArthaM viSayitAkA spaSTIkaraNa Upara tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 1, sUtra 6 ke vyAkhyAnasvarUpa tattvArthazlokavArtikake 24 se 27 saMkhyA takake vArttikoM meM nayavyavasthAke liye upayogI jJAnakI niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitAkA kathana kiyA hai / parantu usakA rUpa aisA honA cAhiye ki vaha zrutajJAnake sAtha-sAtha kevalajJAnameM to pAyI jAtI ho, kintu matijJAna, avavijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAnameM na pAyI jAtI ho / kevalajJAnameM vidyamAna tattvArtha sUtrake 'sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya' / ( 1 - 29) sUtra meM pratipAdita niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitA aisI hai ki isakA zrutajJAnameM pAyA jAnA saMbhava nahIM hai, kAraNa ki matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAnakI taraha zrutajJAna bhI to kSAyopazamika jJAna hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki tattvArthasUtrake hI 'matizrutayonibandho dravyeSva sarva paryAyeSu' (1 - 26) sUtra dvArA matijJAna ke sAtha-sAtha zrutajJAnameM bhI usakA niSedha kara diyA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainadarzanakI mAnyatA ke anusAra vizvameM apanI-apanI svataMtra sattA liye hue ananta vastue~ vidyamAna haiM va inameM se pratyeka vastu apane andara apane-apane pRthak ananta dharmoko samAye hue hai / vizvakI isa prakArakI sabhI vastue~ 'sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya' sUtrake anusAra apane-apane una ananta dharmoke sAtha kevalajJAnakA viSaya to hotI haiM parantu 'matizrutayonibandho dravyeSvasarva paryAyeSu / ' sUvake anusAra matijJAna va zrutajJAnakA viSaya nahIM hotI haiM / 4 / darzana aura nyAya : 33 isase siddha hotA hai ki vizvakI pratyeka vastumeM jo anantadharmAtmakatA jainadarzana dvArA svIkRta kI gayI hai usake AdhArapara niSpanna jJAnako niHzeSadezakAlArtha viSayitA zrutajJAnameM svIkRta nayavyavasthAke liye upayogI nahIM hai kyoMki uparyukta kathana ke anusAra zrutajJAnameM usakA abhAva rahatA hai / isa taraha prakRtameM yaha prazna hotA hai ki, ukta niHzeSadezakAlArtha viSayitAko chor3akara aisI kaunasI jJAnakI niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitA hai jo kevalajJAna ke sAtha-sAtha zrutajJAnameM pAyI jAkara nayavyavasthAke liye upayogI ho ? vicAra karanepara mAlUma par3atA hai ki vizvakI pratyeka vastu jainadarzanakI mAnyatAnusAra jisa prakAra anantadharmAtmaka hai usI prakAra vaha anekAntAtmaka bhI hai / yahA~para paraspara virodhI do dharmokA eka hI sAtha eka vastumeM pAyA jAnA usa vastukI anekAntAtmakatA hai / isa prakAra pratyeka vastumeM jaise usake anantadharma eka sAtha raha rahe haiM vaise hI paraspara virodhI do dharma bhI raha rahe haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki vastukI anekAntAtmakatA ke kathanameM jo anekAnta zabda AyA hai usameM garbhita aneka zabdakA artha jainadarzana meM 'do' liyA gayA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki paraspara virodhitA do dharmo meM hI saMbhava ho sakatI hai, tIna, cAra Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta va anantadharmo meM nahIM / aura isakA bhI kAraNa yaha hai ki eka dharmakA pratipakSI dUsarA eka hI dharma ho sakatA hai, do, tIna, cAra Adi dharma nahIM, kyoMki eka dharmakA pratipakSI dUsarA eka dharma yadi hai to tIsarA eka dharma una donoMkA pratipakSI kadApi nahIM ho sakatA hai arthAt tIsarA eka dharma yadi prathama eka dharmakA pratipakSI hai to prathama eka dharmake pratipakSI dUsare eka dharmakA vaha niyamase sapakSI ho jAyagA, aura yadi vaha dUsare eka dharmakA pratipakSI hai to usa hAlatameM vaha prathama eka dharmakA niyamase sapakSI ho jAyagA / yahI niyama cauthe, pA~caveM Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura atantadharmo ke viSaya meM bhI jAna lenA cAhiye / isa abhiprAyase hI jainadarzana meM pratyeka vastugata anantadharmasApekSa ananta vacanaprayogoMke AdhArapara saptabhaMgIke viruddha anantabhaMgIkI prasaktiko parasparavirodhI yugaladharmo ke AdhArapara ananta saptabhaMgI ke rUpameM iSTa mAna liyA gayA hai / yathA 'nanvekatra vastunyanantAnAM dharmANAmabhilApayogyAnAmupagamAdanantA evaM vacanamArgAH syAdvAdinAM 4-5

Page #15
34 : sarasvato-dharavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha bhaveyurna punaH saptaiva vAcyeyattAtvAdvAcakeyattAyAH / tato virudvaiva saptabhaGgIti cet, na vidhIyamAnaniSidhyamAnadharmavikalpApekSayA tadavirodhAt 'pratiparyAyaM saptabhaGgI vastuni' iti vacanAt / tato anantAH saptabhaGgayo bhaveyurityapi nAniSTam / ' --ta0 zlokavA0 1-6-52 arthAt zaMkA pakSa kahatA hai ki eka vastumeM kathana karane yogya jaba anantadharma svIkAra kie gaye haiM to inakA kathana karaneke lie syAdvAdiyoMke sAmane anantasaMkhyaka vacanamArgoMkI prasakti hotI hai, kevala sAta vacanamArgoM kI nahIM, kyoMki jitane vAcya hote haiM utane hI vAcaka ho sakate haiM, hInAdhika nahIM, ataH saptabhaMgIkI mAnyatA asaMgata hai / uttara pakSa yaha hai ki saptabhaMgIkI mAnyatA vidhIyamAna aura niSidhyamAna yugaladharmo ke vikalpoM ke AdhArapara jainadarzanameM svIkRta kI gayI hai, anantadharmo ke vikalpoMke AdhArapara nahIM, kAraNa ki 'pratyeka paryAya meM saptabhaMgI siddha hotI hai' aisA AgamakA nirdeza hai| isa taraha pratyeka vastumeM vidyamAna ananta dharmomeMse pratyeka dharma meM vidhIyamAna aura niSidhyamAna dharmayugalakI svIkRtike AdhArapara saptabhaMgIko sthAna prApta ho jAnese anantabhaMgIke bajAya ananta saptabhaMgIkI svIkRti hama syAdvAdiyoMke liye aniSTa nahIM hai / vastukA anantadharmAtmaka honA eka bAta hai aura usakA anekAntAtmaka honA dUsarI bAta hai / ina donoMmeMse jainetara darzanakAroMke liye vastuko anantadharmAtmaka mAnanemeM koI Apatti nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki pRthvI meM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza catuSTayako ve bhI eka sAtha svIkAra karate haiN| parantu ve ( jainetara darzana ) vastuko anekAntAtmaka svIkAra karane meM hicakicAte haiM / isake viparIta jainadarzanakA roMne vastuko anantadharmAtmaka aura anekAntAtmaka ubhayarUpa svIkAra kiyA hai| uparyukta prakArake anekAntakI svIkRtike AdhArapara hI jainadarzanako anekAntavAdI darzana kahA jAtA hai| aura usakI asvIkRtike AdhArapara hI jainetara darzanoMko ekAntavAdI darzana kahA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki paraspara - avirodhI anantadharmokI sattA eka sAtha hI vastu jaina aura jainetara donoM darzanoM meM svIkAra kI gayI hai / parantu paraspara virodhI do dharmokI sattA eka sAtha eka hI vastumeM jainadarzana to svIkAra karatA hai kintu jainetara darzana nahIM svIkAra karate haiM / jainetara darzanoMmeM se koI darzana paraspara virodhI do dharmoMmeM yadi eka dharmako svIkAra karatA hai to dvitIya dharmakA vaha niSedhaka ho jAtA aura koI jainetara darzana yadi dvitIya dharmako svIkAra karatA to prathama dharmakA vaha niSedhaka ho jAtA hai / jaise sAMkhya darzana batalAtA hai ki 'vastu nitya haiM' aura bauddhadarzana batalAtA hai ki 'vastu anitya hai / ' parantu jainadarzana pratipAdana karatA hai ki 'vastu nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai / ' anekAntake aMgabhUta paraspara virodhI dharmayugala ke pratyeka vastumeM ananta vikalpa samAye hue haiM / unameM se anekAntakA svarUpa pradarzita karaneke lie AcArya zrI amRtacandrane samayasArake syAdvAdAdhikAra prakaraNa meM katipaya paraspara virodhI dharmayugaloMkI gaNanA bhI kI hai / yathA- 'yadeva tat tadevAtat yadevaikaM tadevAnekam, yadeva sat tadevAsat yadeva nityaM tadevAnityamityekavastuvastutvaniSpAdakaparasparaviruddha zaktidvayaprakAzanamanekAntaH / ' arthAt jo hI vaha hai vahI vaha nahIM hai, jo hI eka hai vahI eka nahIM hai arthAt aneka hai, jo hI sat hai vahI sat nahIM hai arthAt asat hai aura jo hI nitya hai vahI nitya nahIM hai arthAt anitya hai - isa prakAra eka vastuke vastutva ( svarUpa ) kI niSpAdaka parasparaviruddhazaktidvayakA prakAzana karanA hI anekAnta hai / isakA Azaya yaha hai ki vizvakI anantAnanta vastuoMmeMse pratyeka vastu apanI-apanI pRthak pRthaka dravyarUpatA ( pradezavattA ), guNarUpatA ( svabhAvavattA ) aura paryAyarUpatA ( pariNamanavattA ) ko liye hue

Page #16
4 / darzana aura nyAya : 35 astitvako prApta ho rahI hai / AcArya zrI kundakundane pravacanasArake jJeyAdhikArakI gAthA - saMkhyA 1 ke dvArA vahI bAta batalAyI hai / yathA- 'attho khalu davvamayo davvANi guNappagANi bhaNidANi / tehi puNo pajjAyA--' arthAt artha yAnI padArtha ( vastu ) dravyarUpatAko lie hue haiM, dravya guNAtmaka hotA hai aura dravya tathA guNa donoMmeM paryAyarUpatA bhI pAyI jAtI hai / tAtparya vaha hai ki pratyeka vastukI apanI-apanI pRthak-pRthak AkRti pradezaracanA ) upalabdha hotI hai, yahI usakI dravyarUpatA hai / isI taraha pratyeka vastukI apanI-apanI ukta prakArakI dravyarUpatAke AdhArapara apanI pRthak-pRthak prakRti (svabhAvazakti) huA karatI hai - yahI usakI guNarUpatA hai aura isI taraha pratyeka vastukI apanI-apanI ukta prakArako dravyarUpatA aura guNarUpatAke anurUpa apanI-apanI pRthak-pRthak vikRti arthAt pariNati bhI dekhI jAtI hai / yaha usakI paryAyarUpatA hai / pratyeka vastukI apanI-apanI ukta AkRti - rUpa dravyarUpatA aura prakRtirUpa guNarUpatA donoM hI zAzvata ( sthAyI ) haiM tathA vikRtirUpa paryAyarUpatA samaya, AvalI, muhUrta, ghar3I, dina, saptAha, pakSa, mAsa, varSa Adike rUpameM vibhakta hokara azAzvata ( asthAyI ) haiM / jainadarzanameM inhIM tIna bAtoMke AdhArapara pratyeka vastuko utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvyavAlI ' mAnA gayA hai| arthAt pratyeka vastu dravyaparyAyoM aura guNaparyAyoMke rUpameM utpAda tathA vyaya evaM dravyatva tathA guNatvake rUpameM dhrauvyakA sadbhAva jainadarzanadvArA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / pratyeka vastukI ukta prakArakI dravyarUpatA aura paryAyarUpatA pratiniyata hai / arthAt eka vastukI jo AkRti, prakRti aura vikRti hai vaha kadApi dUsarI vastukI nahIM ho sakatI hai / ataH isa sthitike AdhArapara hI jainadarzana meM yaha siddhAnta mAnya kiyA gayA hai ki 'jo hI vaha hai vahI vaha nahIM hai|' isakA sIdhA artha yaha huA ki eka vastu kabhI dUsarI vastu nahIM bana sakatI hai / yAnI jIva pudgala Adi anya vastu nahIM bana sakatA hai, vaha hamezA jIva hI rahatA hai aura yahA~taka ki eka jIva kabhI dUsare jIvarUpa bhI pariNata nahIM ho sakatA hai / isa siddhAntake anusAra hI vizvameM vidyamAna vastuoMkI niyata parimANa meM anantAnanta saMkhyA nizcita kI gayI hai / Upara kiye gaye kathanake AdhArapara pratyeka vastuke nimna prakArase tIna vikalpa-yugaloMke rUpameM aMza-bheda nirdhArita hote haiM - (1) eka dravya usake guNoMke rUpameM, (2) dravya aura usakI paryAyoMke rUpameM aura (3) guNa aura usakI paryAyoMke rUpameM / ina sabhI vikalpa - yugaloMpara jaba dhyAna diyA jAtA hai to samajha meM A jAtA hai| 1. utpAdavyayatrauvyayuktaM sat / - tatvArtha sUtra 5-30 / 2. Navi pariNamai Na gihvai uppajjai Na paradavvapajjAe / ANI jANato vihu puggalakamNaM aNeyavihaM // 66 // samayasArakI isa gAthAko Adi dekara 77, 78 aura 79 saMkhyAMka gAthAoMmeM AcArya zrI kundakundane jo bhI vivecana kiyA hai vaha 'jo hI vaha hai vahI vaha nahIM hai' isa siddhAntake AdhArapara hI kiyA hai / 3. tataH sarvatrApi dharmAdharmAkAzakAlapudgalajIvadravyAtmani loke ye thAvantaH kecanApyarthAste sarva eva svakIyadravyAntarmagnAnantasvadharmacakracuMbinopi parasparamacumbino'tyantapratyAsattAvapi nityameva svarUpAdapataMtaH pararUpeNApariNamanAdavinaSTAnantav yaktitvAkotkIrNA iva tiSThantaH / ' AcArya amRtacandra dvArA samayasAra gAthA 2 para kiyA gayA yaha vyAkhyAna isI mAnyatApara AdhArita hai /

Page #17
36 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-grantha ki pratyeka dravyameM aneka gaNa vidyamAna rahate hai tathA pratyeka dravya va pratyeka dravya ke pratyeka guNa kI kramavartI aneka paryAyeM huA karatI hai| isa AdhArapara hI jainadarzanameM yaha siddhAnta sthira kiyA gayA hai ki 'jo hI eka hai vahI eka nahIM hai arthAt aneka hai|' pratyeka vastukI sattAkA nirNaya dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva (avasthA) ke AdhAra hI huA karatA hai / inameMse dravyake AdhArapara vastukI sattAkA nirNaya isa prakAra hotA hai ki pratyeka vastuke apane-apane jo aura jitane pradeza hai vaha unhIM aura utane pradezoMke rUpameM sat hai, una pradezoMse bhinna anya pradezoMke rUpameM vaha sat nahIM hai arthAt asat hai / kSetrake AdhArapara vastukI sattAkA nirNaya isa prakAra hotA hai ki jo vastu AkAzake jina aura jitane pradezoMpara sthita hai vaha AkAzake una aura utane hI pradezoMpara sata hai, una pradezoMse bhinna AkAzake anya pradezoMpara vaha sata nahIM hai arthAta asata hai| kAladravyake AdhArapara vastakI sattAkA nirNaya isa prakAra hai ki jina aura jitane kAlANuoMse vastu saMbaddha hai vaha una aura utane kAlANuoMpara sat hai, una kAlANuoMse bhinna anya kAlANuoMpara sat nahIM hai arthAt asat hai / vyavahArakAlake AdhArapara bhI jisa samaya vastu vidyamAna hai vaha usa samaya sat hai, anya kAlameM vaha asat hai| isI taraha bhAvake AdhArapara bhI vastukI sattAkA nirNaya isa prakAra hotA hai ki koI bhI vastu apanI jisa avasthAmeM vidyamAna hai vaha usI avasthAmeM sat hai, usase bhinna anya avasthAmeM vaha sat nahIM hai arthAta . AcArya zrI amatacandrane anekAntakA lakSaNa batalAte hae ullikhita vikalpoMke sAtha eka cauthA vikalpa yaha bhI batalAyA hai ki jo hI nitya hai vahI nitya nahIM hai arthAt anitya hai| isakA spaSTokaraNa yaha hai ki pratyeka vastu pUrvokta prakArase utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya sahita hai kyoMki vaha dravyarUpatA, guNarUpatA aura paryAyarUpatAko dhAraNa kiye huye hai| vastukA jahA~ taka dravyarUpatA aura guNarUpatAse sambandha hai vahA~ taka to vaha dhrauvyarUpa hai aura jahA~ taka usakA paryAyarUpatAse sambandha hai vahA~ taka vaha utpAda aura vyayarUpa hai| inameMse dhrauvya vastukI nityatAkA cihna hai aura utpAda tathA vyaya usakI anityatAke cihna hai / jisa prakAra AcArya amRtacandrane vastutattvako anekAntAtmaka siddha karate hae usa anekAntake tatatat, eka-aneka, sat-asat aura nitya-anitya ye cAra vikalpa-yugala batalAte haiM usI prakAra unhoMne samayasArakI gAthA 142 kI TIkAmeM Atma-tattvakA avalambana lekara baddha-abaddha, mohI-amohI, rAgI-arAgI, dveSI-adveSI Adi vividha prakArake aura bhI vikalpa-yugaloMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa taraha hama dekhate hai ki vizvakI pratyeka vastu aneka prakArase parasparavirodhI do dharmoMkA Azraya siddha hotI huI anekAntatmaka siddha hotI hai| isakA kevalajJAnadvArA sarvAtmanA grahaNa yugapat akhaNDabhAvase hI huA karatA hai / ataH isa apekSAse kevalajJAnameM niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitAkA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai| va zrutajJAnadvArA paraspara-virodhI ukta donoM aMzoMmeMse eka-eka aMzakA kramase grahaNa hotA huA sarvAtmanA grahaNa sakhaNDa bhAvase huA karatA hai| ataH zrutajJAnameM bhI niHzeSadezakAlArthaviSayitAkA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai| lekina matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnake dvArA isa anekAntatmaka vastukA na to yugapat akhaNDa bhAvase sarvAtmanA grahaNa hotA hai aura na kramazaH sakhaNDabhAvase sarvAtmanA grahaNa hotA hai / pratyuta aMzamukhana sAmAnyatayA vastukA hI grahaNa hotA hai| ataH ina tInoM jJAnoMmeM ukta prakArako niHzeSadezakAlArtha viSayitAkA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| vastakI paraspara-virodhI dharmadvayAtmakatArUpa anekAntAtmakatA usa (vastu) kI pUrNatA hai| usa vastukA isa tarahakI pUrNatAke sAtha grahaNa honA pramANarUpa hai tathA aMzarUpase grahaga honA nayarUpa hai| matijJAna avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayamAnameM vastukA grahaNa yadyapi aMzarUpase hI hotA hai parantu vaha grahaNa aMzarUpameM vibhAjita

Page #18
4 / darzana aura nyAya : 37 nahIM ho pAtA hai kyoMki usa grahaNa meM aMzamukhena vastukA hI grahaNa hotA hai, vastuke aMzakA nhiiN| jaise cakSurindriya dvArA rUpamukhase rUpavAn vastukA hI grahaNa hotA hai, vastuke eka aMzake rUpameM rUpakA grahaNa nahIM hotA yahI kAraNa hai ki aMzamukhena vastukA grahaNa hotA huA bhI vastuke aMzakA aMzarUpa se grahaNa na honese matijJAna niraMza pramANa hI mAnane yogya hai| yahI bAta kSAyopazamikajJAnarUpa avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAnake viSaya meM bhI samajha lenA cAhiye isa taraha ye tInoM jJAna kabhI nayarUpatAko prApta nahIM hote haiM kevalajJAna meM vastukA grahaNa sarvAtmanA hotA hai, isaliye usakI pramANarUpatA nirvivAda hai| lekina usameM vastu ke sampUrNa aMza yugapat gRhIta honeke kAraNa pRthaka-pRthaka rUpameM gRhIta nahIM hote, isaliye usameM bhI nayarUpatAkA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai | zrutajJAnameM pramANarUpatA isaliye siddha hotI hai ki usameM ullikhita anekAntarUpa pUrNa vastukA grahaNa hotA hai lekina cU~ki zrutajJAnakI utpatti pUrvokta prakArase sAMza vacanake AdhArapara huA karatI hai / ataH jisa vacana aMzI (pUrNa) rUpa vastukA grahaNa hotA hai use to pramANarUpa sAMza vacana jAnanA cAhiye aura jisa vacanase aMzarUpa vastukA grahaNa hotA hai use nayarUpa aMzAtmaka vacana jAnanA cAhiye / tathA isa tarahake pramANarUpa aura nayarUpa vacanoMke AdhArapara utpanna honevAle zrutarUpa jJAnako bhI kramazaH pramANarUpa aura nayarUpa jAnanA cAhiye / apramANa rUpa zrutajJAnameM nayavyavasthAkA niSedha kyoM ? pUrva meM yaha bAta spaSTa kI jA cukI hai ki jisa prakAra sAMza vacanake AdhArapara utpanna honeke kAraNa pramANarUpa zrutajJAna meM sAMzatA siddha hotI hai usI prakAra sAMza vacanake AdhArapara utpanna honeke kAraNa apramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM bhI sAMzatA siddha hotI hai| isaliye jisa prakAra pramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM nayavyavasthAkA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai usI prakAra apramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM bhI nayavyavasthAkA sadbhAva siddha hone kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai, lekina AgamapramANake AdhArapara pUrvameM yaha batalAyA jA cukA hai ki apramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM nayavyavasthA nahIM hotI hai| isase sahaja hI yaha niSkarSa nikala AtA hai ki sAMzavacanake AdhArapara utpanna honekI samAnatA rahate hue bhI apramANarUpa zrutajJAnakI apekSA pramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM aisI vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai jo usameM nayavyavasthAkA kAraNa bana jAtI hai aura cUMki vaha vizeSatA apramANarUpa zrutajJAnameM nahIM pAyI jAtI hai, ataH usameM nayavyasthAkA niSedha saMgata ho jAtA hai / vaha vizeSatA yaha hai ki pUrvokta prakArase pratyeka vastu anekAntAtmaka hI siddha hotI hai arthAt pratyeka vastumeM vidyamAna usake apane anantadharmomeMse pratyeka dharma usa vastumeM apane virodhI dharmake sAtha hI raha rahA hai / jaise paTarUpa vastumeM jisa prakAra ghaTatvadharmakA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai usI prakAra usameM ghaTatvadharmake virodhI paTatva Adi dharmoMkA abhAva bhI pAyA jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki hameM ghaTarUpa vastumeM jisa prakAra ghaTarUpatAkA jJAna hotA hai usI prakAra usameM paTAdirUpatAke abhAvakA jJAna honA bhI svAbhAvika haiM / aba jaisA ghaTarUpa vastumeM ghaTarUpatAke sadbhAva aura paTAdirUpatA ke abhAvakA jJAna hameM hotA hai vaisA jJAna usa ghaTarUpa vastumeM hama yadi dUsare vyaktiko karAnA cAheM to isake lie hameM tadanukUla vacanako yA to mukhase uccarita karanA hogA yA phira use hastase lipibaddha karanA hogA, taba kahIM jAkara dUsarA vyakti uccarita vacanako to sunakara va lipibaddha vacanako par3hakara hI ghaTarUpa vastuke viSaya meM hamArA pUrNa abhiprAya jAna sakegA / cUMki yaha bAta nirvivAda hai ki pratyeka vacana zabdakoSa, zabdavyutpatti athavA zabdaparibhASA AdikA avalambana lekara pratiniyata arthakA hI pratipAdaka hotA hai| isaliye jaba hama 'yaha ghaTa hai' yaha vAkya bolate haiM to isase lakSita vastu meM ghaTarUpatAkA pratipAdana to ho jAtA hai parantu isase usa vastumeM paTAdirUpatAke abhAvakA pratipAdana kadApi nahIM ho pAtA hai / ataH lakSita vastumeM ghaTarUpatAke sadbhAva ke sAtha paTAdirUpatAke abhAvakA pratipAdana

Page #19
38 : sarasvatI varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha karaneke liye 'yaha ghaTa hai' isa vAkyake sAtha 'paTAdi nahIM hai' isa vAkyakA bhI prayoga karanA hogA, taba jAkara hI vacanake zrotA yA pAThakako vaha lakSita vastu ghaTarUpatAko lie hue hai va paTAdirUpatAko liye hue nahIM haiaisA pUrNatA liye hue vastukA bodha hogA / isa taraha 'yaha ghaTa hai' yaha vAkya aura 'paTAdi nahIM hai' yaha vAkya donoM hI yaha ghaTa hai paTAdi nahIM hai isa mahAvAkyake avayava ho jAnepara vastukA sahI rUpameM pratipAdana karate hue zrotA yA pAThakako usa vastutasvakA sahI rUpameM bodha karA sakate haiN| yahA~ para samajhane kI bAta yaha hai ki 'yaha ghaTa hai paTAdi nahIM hai' yaha mahAvAkya vastuttvakA pUrNarUpase pratipAdaka hone va zrotA yA pAThakako usa vastutastvakA pUrNatAke sAtha jJAna karAne meM samartha honeke kAraNa pramANavAkya hai tathA isa mahAvAkyake avayabhUta 'yaha ghaTa hai' aura 'paTAdi nahIM hai' ye donoM vAkya nayavAkya haiM va ina donoM vAkyoMke samUharUpa 'yaha paTa hai paTAdi nahIM hai' isa mahAvAkyake jariye dhotA yA pAThakako hone vAlA vastutasvakA pUrNatA liye hue jJAna pramANajJAna hai va isa mahAvAkyake avayabhUta 'yaha ghaTa hai' aura 'paTAdi nahIM hai' ina donoM vAkyoMse zrotA yA pAThakako honevAlA vastutattvake eka-eka aMzakA jJAna nayajJAna hai / yahI bAla vastu nitya hai aura nitya nahIM hai arthAt anitya hai' isa mahAvAkya tathA isake avayavabhUta vastu nitya hai' aura vastu nitya nahIM hai arthAt anitya hai' ina vAkyoMke viSayameM bhI jAna lenA cAhiye / aba dekhanA yaha hai ki apramANajJAnameM nayavyavasthA kyoM nahIM hotI ? to isapara dhyAna denese mAlUma par3atA hai ki jitanI bhI ekAntavAdakI mAnyatAyeM haiM unameM jisa eka dharmako jisa vastumeM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai usa vastumeM usa dharmake sAtha usa dharmake virodhI dharmako jaisA jainadarzana meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai vaisA una mAnyatAoM meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jaise jainadarzana kahatA hai ki jaba vastumeM pUrvokta prakArase AkRti, prakRti aura vikRtike rUpameM kramaza: dravyarUpatA, guNarUpatA aura paryAyarUpatA pAyI jAtI hai to phira yaha mAnanA bhI Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki vastukI dravyarUpatA aura guNarUpatA to zAzvata honese nitya hai tathA usakI paryAyarUpatA azAzvata honese anitya hai| lekina vastutasvakI yaha sthiti sahI hote hue bhI jo darzana vastuko nitya mAnatA hai vaha use anitya mAnaneke liye taiyAra nahIM hai aura jo darzana vastuko anitya mAnatA hai vaha use nitya mAnaneke liye taiyAra nahIM hai isaliye ye donoM hI ekAntavAdI darzana apane-apane abhiprAyake anusAra 'vastu nitya hai' yA 'vastu anitya hai' ina do vAkyoMmeMse eka hI vAkyase vastukA pUrNarUpase pratipAdana kara denA cAhate haiM / lekina vAstavameM bAta yaha hai ki jaisA nityarUpa yA anityarUpa vastuko ve mAnate haiM vaisA usa vastukA pUrNarUpa na hokara aMzamAtra siddha hotA hai / ata: 'vastu nitya hai' aura 'vastu anitya hai' ye donoM vAkya pRthak-pRthak rahakara cUMki vastukA pUrNarUpase pratipAdana kara nahIM sakate haiM, isaliye to inheM pramANavAkya nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura ve ekAntavAdI darzana ina vAkyoMko vastuke aMzake pratipAdaka mAnaneko taiyAra nahIM hai / isaliye inheM nayavAkya bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha ye donoM hI vAkya pramANa - vAkya tathA naya - vAkya kI koTise nikala kara apramANa yA pramANAsabhAkI koTi meM hI garbhita hote haiM / inheM nayAbhAsa isaliye nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki eka nayake viSayako dUsare nayake viSayarUpa meM svIkAra karanA yA kathana karanA hI nayAbhAsakA lakSaNa hai jo yahA~ para ghaTita nahIM hotA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki ' vastu nitya hai' isa vAkyakA abhiprAya yaha hotA hai ki vastukI dravyarUpatA yA guNarUpatA nitya hai aura 'vastu anitya hai' isa vAkyakA abhiprAya yaha hotA hai ki vastukI paryAyarUpatA anitya hai / aba yadi koI vyakti vastukI dravyarUpatA yA guNarUpatAko anitya tathA paryAyarUpatAko nitya mAnane yA kahane laga jAya to usa hAlata meM aisI mAnyatA yA aisA kathana hI nayAbhAsa mAnA jAyagA /

Page #20
4 | darzana aura nyAya : 39 isa prakAra jainadarzanakA 'vastu nitya hai' yaha vAkya nayavAkya hai kyoMki isase vastuke nityatArUpa aMzakA pratipAdana hotA hai tathA sAMkhya darzanakA 'vastu nitya hai' yaha vAkya pramANAbhAsa hai yA apramANa hai kyoMki isa vAkyase sAMkhya vastuke nityatArUpa aMzakA pratipAdana karanA nahIM cAhatA hai aura caMki vaha nityatArUpa aMzase vastakA parNarUpase pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai. jaisA pratipAdana honA asaMbhava hai. kyoMki vasta mAtra nitya hI nahIM hai balki nitya honeke sAtha-sAtha vaha anitya bhI hai| isI prakAra jainadarzanakA 'vastu anitya hai' yaha vAkya aura bauddha darzanakA 'vastu anitya hai|' yaha vAkya ina donoMke viSayameM kramazaH nayarUpatA aura apramANarUpatAkI aisI hI vyavasthA samajha lenA cAhiye / upasaMhAra isa saMpUrNa vivecanakA sAra yaha hai ki vizvakI saMpUrNa anantAnanta vastuoMmeMse pratyeka vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai| pratyeka vastuke apane-apane ina ananta dharmoM se pratyeka dharma apane virodhI dharmake sAtha hI pratyeka vastumeM raha rahA hai| isaliye pratyeka vastuko jainadarzanameM anekAntAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| isa anekAntAmaka vastukA pratipAdana karanA vacanakA kArya hai| vacana bhI yadi vastuke parasparavirodhI donoM dharmoMkA pratipAdana karane meM samartha hai to use pramANarUpa kahA jAyagA aura yadi vaha parasparavirodhI donoM dharmoMmeMse eka-eka dharmakA pratipAdana karane meM samartha hai to vaha nayarUpa mAnA jAyagA / isake viparIta ukta prakArake anekAntAtmakarUpase prasiddha vastuke kisI eka dharmake rUpameM ekAntAtmaka mAnakara use jisa vacana dvArA pratipAdita kiyA jAyagA vaha vacana apramANarUpa mAnA jAyagA, kyoMki vastukA jaisA anekAntAtmaka svarUpa hai vaisA usa vacanase pratipAdita nahIM hogA aura jaisA ekAntAtmaka svarUpa vastukA nahIM hai vaisA usase pratipAdita hogaa| jisa vacanase vastukA jo dharma pratipAdita honA cAhiye, yadi usase viparIta dharmakA jahA~ pratipAdana kiyA jAyagA vahA~ vaha vacana nayAbhAsarUpa mAnA jaaygaa| isI taraha vacanase ukta prakArakA jaisA pratipAdana vaktA yA lekhaka dvArA kiyA jAyagA vaisA hI usa vacanase zrotA yA pAThakako vastuke viSayameM bodha hogaa| isa prakAra vaha bodha bhI yathAyogya pramANarUpa, nayarUpa, apramANarUpa yA nayAbhAsarUpa hI mAnA jaaygaa| isa lekha meM hamane utpatti aura vikAsake AdhArapara jainadarzanake nayavAdako spaSTa karanekA prayatna kiyA hai / jainAgamameM nayoMkA vistAra karate hae dravyAthikanaya aura paryAyAthikanaya tathA nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya isa prakAra do tarahase naya-bhedoMkA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai| inameMse nayoMke dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika bheda vastutattvakI svarUpavyavasthAke AdhArapara tathA nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya ye do bheda AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNake AdhArapara jainAgama dvArA mAnya kiye gaye haiM / inake alAvA jainAgamameM aura bhI arthanaya tathA zabdanayake rUpameM nayoMkA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai tathA arthanayake naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra va zabdanayake zabda, samabhirUr3ha tathA evaMbhUta bheda bhI jainAgamameM dekhaneko milate haiN| evaM sabhI prakArake nayoMke upabheda bhI vahA~para dekhaneko milate haiM / ina sabakA vistArase vivecana karanekI vartamAnameM atIva AvazyakatA ho gayI hai| kAraNa ki isa samaya jainasamAjameM jo tAttvika vivAda khar3e ho rahe haiM unakA kAraNa nayoMkI sthitiko ThIka taraha nahIM samajha pAnA hI hai| lekina cUMki lekha kAphI vistRta ho gayA hai ataH svatantra lekha dvArA hI ina sabakA vivecana karanA ucita hogaa|