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________________ jaina darzanameM Atmatattva 1. jaina darzanake prakAra pracalita darzanoMmeMse kisI-kisI darzanako to kevala bhautika darzana aura kisI-kisI darzanako kevala AdhyAtmika darzana kahA jA sakatA hai / parantu jaina darzanake bhautika aura AdhyAtmika donoM prakAra svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / vizvako sampUrNa vastuoMke astitva, svarUpa, bheda-prabheda aura vividha prakArase honevAle unake pariNa manakA vivecana karanA 'bhautika darzana' aura AtmAke utthAna, patana tathA inake kAraNoMkA vivecana karanA 'AdhyAtmika darzana' hai / sAtha hI bhautika darzanako 'dravyAnuyoga' aura AdhyAtmika darzanako 'karaNAnuyoga' bhI kaha sakate haiM / isa taraha bhautikavAda, vijJAna (sAinsa) aura dravyAnuyoga ye saba bhautika darzanake aura adhyAtmavAda tathA karaNAnuyoga ye donoM AdhyAtmika darzanake nAma haiM / 2. jaina saMskRtimeM vizvakI mAnyatA 'vizva'" zabdako koSa -granthoMmeM sarvArthavAcI zabda svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH vizva zabdake artha meM una saba padArthoMkA samAveza ho jAtA hai jinakA astitva saMbhava hai / isa taraha vizvako yadyapi ananta e padArthoMkA samudAya kaha sakate haiM / parantu jaina saMskRti meM ina sampUrNa ananta padArthoMko nimnalikhita cha: vargoM meM samAviSTa kara diyA gayA hai-- jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / inameMse jIvoMkI saMkhyA ananta hai, pudgala bhI ananta haiM, dharma, adharma aura AkAza ye tInoM eka-eka haiM tathA kAla asaMkhyAta haiN| ina sabako jaina saMskRti meM alaga-alaga dravya nAmase pukArA gayA hai kyoMki eka pradezako Adi lekara do Adi saMkhyAta aura ananta pradezoMke rUpameM alaga-alaga inake AkAra pAye jAte haiM yA batalAye gaye haiM / jisa dravyakA sirpha eka hI pradeza hotA hai use ekapradezI aura jisa dravyake do Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta yA ananta pradeza hote haiM use bahupradezI' dravya mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha pratyeka jIva tathA dharma aura 1. amarakoSa - tRtIyakANDa - vizeSyanighnavarga, zloka - 64, 65 / 2. 'ananta' zabda jaina- saMskRti meM saMkhyAvizeSakA nAma hai / isI taraha Age AnevAle saMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta zabdoM ko bhI saMkhyAvizeSavAcI hI mAnA gayA hai| jaina saMskRtimeM saMkhyAtake saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAtake asaMkhyAta aura ananta ananta-bheda svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / (inakA vistRta vivaraNa- tattvArtha rAjavArtika-1-38 / 2. ajIvakAyA dharmAdharmAkAzapudgalAH, jIvAzca aura kAlazca / ta0 a0 5 1 4. yadyapi vizvake sampUrNa padArthoMkI saMkhyA hI ananta hai lekina ananta saMkhyA jIvoMkI saMkhyA bhI ananta hai aura pudgaloMkI saMkhyA bhI ananta hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM AtA / 5. dravyANi / tasvArthasUtra 512 / 6. dravyasaMgraha gA0 27 / 7. ekapradezavadapi dravyaM syAt khaNDavarjitaH sa yathA / - paMcAdhyAyI, 1 - 36 / 8. paMcAdhyAyI, 125 / 238 / ananta-bheda hone ke kAraNa
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________________ 3 / dharma aura siddhAnta : 19 adharma ye tInoM dravya samAna asaMkhyAta pradezoMke rUpameM bahapradezI dravya haiM, ananta pudagala sirpha eka pradeza vAle dravya hai aura ananta' pudgala do Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta tathA ananta pradezoMke rUpa meM bahupradezI dravya mAne gaye haiN| isI prakAra AkAzako ananta pradezoMke rUpameM bahapradezI aura saMpUrNakAloMmeMse pratyela kAlako ekapradezI5 dravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yahA~para itanA dhyAna aura rakhanA cAhiye ki saMpUrNa kAla dravya asaMkhyAta hokara bhI utane haiM, jitane ki pratyeka jIvake yA dharma athavA adharma dravyake pradeza batalAye gaye haiN| ina saba dravyoMmeMse AkAza dravya sabase bar3A aura saba orase asImita vistAra vAlA dravya hai tathA bAkIke saba dravya isI AkAzake andara ThIka madhyameM sImita hokara raha rahe haiM / isa prakAra jitane AkAzake andara ukta saba dravya yAne saba jIva, saba padgala, dharma, adharma, aura saba kAla vidyamAna haiM utane AkAzako lokAkAza aura zeSa samasta sImArahita AkAzako alokAkAza nAmase pukArA gayA hai|' yahA~para bhI itanA dhyAna rakhanekI jarUrata hai ki AkAzake jitane hisse meM dharma dravya athavA adharma dravyakA jisa rUpameM vAsa hai vaha hissA usI rUpameM lokAkAzakA samajhanA cAhiye / isa taraha lokAkAzake bhI dharma athavA adharma dravyake samAna hI asaMkhyAta pradeza siddha hote haiM tathA dharma aura adharma dravyoMkI hI taraha sampUrNa ananta jIva dravyoM, saMpUrNa ananta pudgala dravyoM tathA saMpUrNa asaMkhyAta kAla dravyoMkA nivAsa bhI AkAzake isI hissemeM samajhanA caahiye| dharma aura adharma ina donoM dravyoMkI banAvaTake bAremeM jaina-granthoMmeM likhA hai ki jaba koI manuSya yathAsaMbhava apane donoM paira phailAkara aura donoM hAthoMko apanI kamarapara rakhakara sIdhA khar3A ho jAve, to jo AkRti usa manuSyakI hotI hai vahI AkRti dharma aura adharma donoM dravyoMkI samajhanI cAhiye / yahI kAraNa hai ki lokako puruSa ke AkAra vAlA batalAyA gayA hai aura jise--brahmANDa yA parabrahma bhI isIlie kahA gayA hai| dharma dravya aura adharma dravyako banAvaTake bAremeM jaina-granthoMmeM yaha bhI likhA hai ki ina donoM dravyoMkI U~cAI caudaha rajju, moTAI uttara-dakSiNa sarvatra sAta rajju aura caur3AI pUrva-pazcima nIce bilkula antameM sAta rajju, Upara kramase ghaTate vaTate madhyameM sAta rajjukI U~cAIpara eka rajju, phira isake Upara kramase bar3hatebar3hate sAr3he tIna rajjakI U~cAIpara pAMca rajju tathA usake bhI Upara kramase ghaTate-ghaTate bilkUla antameM sAr3he tIna rajjukI U~cAIpara eka rajju haiM / 1. asaMkhyeyAH pradezA dharmAdharmakajIvAnAm |-tttvaarthsuutr adhyAya 5, sUtra 8 / 2. nANoH |-tttvaarthsuutr adhyAya 5, sUtra 11 / yahA~para 'aNu' ekapradezI dravya hai' yahI artha grahaNa kiyA, gayA hai|-pNcaadhyaayii, adhyAya 1 zloka 36 / 3. saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAzca pudgalAnAm |-tttvaarthsuutr adhyAya 5, sUtra 10 / yahA~para 'ca' zabdase anantasaMkhyAkA bhI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| 4. AkAzasyAnantAH |-tttvaarthsuutr, adhyAya 5, sUtra 9 / / 5. dekhiye, TippaNI naM0 7 "kAlANurvA yataH svataH siddhaH" / 6. te kAlANU asaMkhadavvANi |-drvysNgrh gA0 22 / 7. lokAkAze'vagAhaH / tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 5, sUtra 12 / 8. paMcAdhyAyI, a0 2, zloka 22 / 9. tattvArtharAjavAtika-5-38 /
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________________ 20 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-grantha jaba ki dharma aura adharma dravyoMkI banAvaTake samAna hI lokAkAzakI banAvaTa hai to isakA matalaba yahI hai ki lokAkAzake eka-eka pradezapara dharma aura adharma dravyoMkA eka-eka pradeza sAtha-sAtha baiThA huA hai| tathA isI taraha lokAkAzake usa-usa pradeza para dharma aura adharma dravyoMke pradezoMke sAtha-sAtha eka-eka kAla dravya bhI virAjamAna hai| isa taraha sampUrNa asaMkhyAta kAla dravya milakara dharma dravya, adharma dravya tathA lokAkAzakI banAvaTakA rUpa dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| ina cAroM dravyoMmeMse AkAza dravya to asImita arthAt vyApaka honekI vajahase niSkriya hai hI, sAtha hI zeSa dharma dravya, adharma dravya aura saMpUrNa kAla dravyoMko bhI jaina-saMskRti meM niSkriya dravya hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai arthAt ina cAroM prakArake dravyoMmeM halana-calanarUpa kriyAkA sarvathA abhAva hai| ye cAroM hI prakArake dravya akaMpa sthira hokara hI anAdikAlase rahate Aye haiM aura rahate rheNge| inake atirikta sabhI jIva aura sabhI pudgala dravyoMko kriyAvAn dravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura yaha bhI eka kAraNa hai ki jisa prakAra dharmAdi dravyoMkI banAvaTa niyata hai usa prakAra jIva dravyoM aura pudgala dravyoMko banAvaTa niyata nahIM hai| pratyeka jIva yadyapi dharma yA adharma athavA lokAkAzake barAbara pradezoM vAlA hai aura kabhI-kabhI koI jIva apane pradezoMko phailAkara samasta lokmeM vyApta hotA huA usa AkRtiko prApta bhI kara letA hai / parantu samAnyarUpase pratyeka jIva choTe-bar3e jisa zarIrameM jisa samaya pahu~ca gayA ho, usa samaya vaha usIkI AkRti kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai / pudgala dravyoMmeM yadyapi ekapradezI sabhI pudgala kriyAvAn hote hue bhI niyata AkAravAle haiN| parantu avagAhana-zaktikI vividhatAke kAraNa do Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradezoMvAle pudagaloMke AkAra niyata nahIM hai| yahI vajaha hai ki do Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradezoMvAle anantoM pudgala lokAkAzake eka-eka pradezameM bhI samAkara raha rahe haiN| yadyapi sAmAnyarUpase pratyeka jIvakA nivAsa lokAkAzake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga kSetrameM mAnA gayA hai, parantu paraspara avyAghAtazaktike prabhAvase eka anantoM jIva bhI eka sAtha rahate hue mAne gaye haiN| pratyeka jIva cetanA-lakSaNa vAlA hai aura cetanArahita honeke kAraNa dharma, adharma, AkAza, pudgala aura saMpUrNa kAla dravyoMko ajIva mAnA gayA hai / isI prakAra sabhI pudgala rUpI mAne gaye haiM arthAt sabhI pudgaloMmeM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ye cAra guNa pAye jAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki inakA jJAna hameM sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA aura netra ina bAhya indriyoMse yathAyogya hotA rahatA hai| pudgaloMke atirikta saba jIva, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura saba kAla ina sabhIko arUpI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai arthAt inameM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza ina cAroM pudgala guNoMkA sarvathA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai / ataH inakA jJAna bhI hameM ukta bAhya 'indriyoMse nahIM 1. dharmAdharmayoH kRtsne |-tttvaarthsuutr, 5 / 12 / 2. dravyasaMgraha, gAthA 22 / 3. niSkriyANi ca / tattvArtha0 5 / 7 / 4. kevalasamuddhAtake bheda lokapUraNa samuddhAtameM yaha sthiti hotI hai / 5. dravyasaMgraha, gAthA 10 / 6. rUpiNaH pudagalAH / sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH padgalAH |-tttvaa0 5 / 23 / 7. indriyagrAhya honese hI pudagala dravyoMko mUrta aura indriyagrAhya na honese hI zeSa saba dravyoMko amUrta bhI mAnA gayA hai| -paMcAdhyAyI 2, zloka 7 / .
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________________ 3/dharma aura siddhAnta : 21 hotA hai / yadyapi anantoM pudgaloMkA jJAna bhI hameM bAhya indriyoMse nahIM hotA hai| parantu isase una pudgaloMmeM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzakA abhAva nahIM mAna lenA cAhiye / kAraNa ki ina guNoMkA sadbhAva rahate hue bhI ina pudgaloMmeM pAyI jAnevAlI sUkSmatA hI ukta bAhya indriyoMse unakA jJAna hone meM bAdhaka hai| isI taraha zabdakA jJAna jo hameM bAhya karNa indri yase hotA hai / isase zabdakI paudgalikatA siddha hotI hai| jIvadravyoMke astitva aura svarUpake viSaya meM isa lekha meM Age vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| zeSa dravyoMke astitva aura svarUpake viSayameM yahA~para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai jinakA svabhAva pUraNa aura galanakA hai' arthAt jo paraspara saMyukta hote-hote bar3e-se-bar3e piNDakA rUpa dhAraNa kara leM aura piNDameMse viyukta hote-hote antameM alaga-alaga eka-eka pradezakA rUpa dhAraNa kara leM, unheM pudgala kahA gayA hai| aise sthUla pudgala to hameM satata dRSTigocara ho hI rahe haiM lekina sUkSmase sUkSma aura choTe-se-choTe pudagaloMke astitvako bhI-jinakA jJAna hameM apanI bAhya indriyoMse nahIM ho pAtA hai-vijJAnane siddha karake dikhalA diyA hai / aNubama aura udjanabama Adi padArtha una sUkSma aura choTe pudgaloMkI acitya zaktikA digdarzana karA rahe haiN| saba jIva aura saba pudgala kriyAzIla dravya haiM ve jisa samaya kiyA karate haiM aura jabataka karate haiM taba taka unakI usa kriyAmeM sahAyatA karanA dharma dravyakA svabhAva hai| isI taraha koI jIva yA koI pudgala kriyA karate-karate jisa samaya ruka jAtA hai aura jaba taka rukA rahatA hai usa samaya aura tabataka usake Thaharane meM sahAyatA karanA adharma dravyakA svabhAva hai / yadyapi jaina-saMskRtimeM jIva aura pudgala dravyoMko svataH kriyAzIla mAnA gayA hai parantu yadi adharma dravya nahIM hotA to gatimAn jIva aura pudgala dravyoMke sthira honekA AdhAra hI samApta ho jAtA aura yadi dharma dravya nahIM hotA to Thahare hue jIva aura pudgaloMke gatimAna honekA bhI AdhAra samApta ho jAtA, ataH jaina-saMskRtimeM dharma aura adharma donoM dravyoMkA astitva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki mukta jIva svabhAvataH Urdhva gamana karate hae bhI Upara lokake agrabhAgameM jaina mAnyatAke anusAra isaliye ruka jAte haiM kyoMki usake Age dharma dravyakA abhAva hai| saba dravyoMko unakI nija-nija AkRtike anusAra apane udarameM samA lenA AkAza dravyakA svabhAva hai|" pratyeka dravyakA lambe. caurDa moTe. gola. caukora trikoNa Adi vibhinna rUpoMmeM daSTigocara hotA haA choTA-bar3A AkAra hameM AkAzake astitvako mAnaneke liye bAdhya karatA hai / anyathA AkAza dravyake abhAvameM saba vastuoMke paraspara vilakSaNa AkAroMkA dikhAI denA asaMbhava ho jaataa| isI prakAra yadyapi pratyeka jIva, pratyeka pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza svataH pariNamanazIla dravya mAne gaye haiM parantu ina sabake usa pariNamanakA kSaNika vibhAjana karanA kAla dravyakA svabhAva hai arthAta dravyoM 1. aNavaH skandhAzca / bhedasaMghAtebhya / utpadyante / bhedAdaNuH-ta0 sU0 5-25, 26, 27 / 2. dravyasaMgraha, gA0 17 / 3. dravyasaMgraha, gA0 18 / 4. dharmAstikAyAbhAvAt |-tttvaa0-1|9 / 5. AkAzasyAggAhaH |-tttvaa0-5|18| 6. vartanApariNAmakriyAparatvAparatve ca kAlasya / tttvaa0-5|22 /
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________________ 22 : sarasvato-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha kI avasthAoMmeM jo bhatatA, vartamAnatA aura bhaviSyattAkA vyavahAra hotA rahatA hai athavA kAlika dRSTise jo naye-purAne yA choTe-bar3ekA vyavahAra vastuoMmeM hotA hai usase kAladravyoMke astitvako svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| AkAza dravya eka kyoM hai ? isakA sIdhA-sAdA uttara yahI hai ki vaha sImArahita dravya hai / 'sImArahita' zabdakA vyApakarUpa artha hotA hai aura 'sImAsahita' zabdakA vyApya rUpa artha hotA hai tathA vyApaka dravya vahI hogA jisase bar3A koI dusarA dravya na ho| ataH AkAza dravyakA ekatva aparihArya hai aura isa AkAzakI badaulata hI dusare dravyoMko sasIma kahA jA sakatA hai| dharma aura adharma ina donoM dravyoMko bhI jaina-saMskRtimeM jo eka-eka hI mAnA gayA hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki lokAkAzameM vidyamAna samasta jIva dravyoM aura samasta pudgala dravyoMko gamanameM sahAyaka honA dharma dravyakA kAma hai aura Thaharane meM sahAyaka honA adharma dravyakA kAma hai / ve donoM kAma eka, akhaNDa aura lokAkAza bharameM vyApta dharma dravya aura isI prakAra eka, akhaNDa aura lokAkAza bharameM vyApta adharma dravyake mAnanese siddha ho jAte haiM / ataH ina donoM dravyoMko bhI aneka svIkAra na karake eka-eka hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| kAla dravyako aNurUpa (ekapradezI) svIkAra karake usake lokAkAzake pramANa vistArameM rahanevAle asaMkhyAta bheda svIkAra karanekA abhiprAya yaha hai ki kAla dravyase saMyukta honepara hI vastumeM vartamAnatAkA vyavahAra hotA hai aura yadi kisI vastukA kAla dravyase saMyoga thA, aba nahIM hai to usa vastumeM bhUtatAkA tathA yadi kisI vastukA Age kAla dravyase saMyoga hone vAlA ho, to usa vastumeM bhaviSyatAkA vyavahAra hotA hai| aba yadi kAla dravyako dharma aura adharma dravyoMkI taraha eka akhaNDa lokAkAza bharameM vyApta svIkAra kara lete haiM to kisI bhI vastukA kabhI bhI kAla dravyase asaMyoga nahIM rhegaa| aisI hAlatameM pratyeka vastu satata aura sarvatra vidyamAna hI mAnI jAyagI, usameM bhUtatA aura bhaviSyattAkA vyavahAra karanA asaMgata ho jaaygaa| lekina jaba kAla dravyoMko aNu rUpase aneka mAna lete haiM to jitane kAla dravyoMse jisa vastukA jaba saMyoga rahatA hai una kAla dravyoMkI apekSA usa vastumeM taba vartamAnatAkA vyavahAra hotA hai aura jinase pahale saMyoga rahA hai kintu aba nahIM hai unakI apekSA bhUtatAkA tathA jinase Age saMyoga hone vAlA hai unakI apekSA bhaviSyattAkA vyavahAra bhI usa vastumai sAmaJjasa ho jAtA hai / jaise eka ho vyaktimeM eka hI sAtha hama 'yahA~ hai, pahale vahA~ thA, aura Age vahA~ hogA' isa taraha vartamAnatA, bhUtatA aura bhaviSyattAkA jo vyavahAra kiyA karate hai usakA kAraNa yahI hai ki jahA~ke kAla dravyoMse pahale usakA saMyoga thA unase aba nahIM hai / aba dusare kAla dravyoMse usakA saMyoga ho rahA hai aura Age dUsare kAla dravyoMse usakA saMyoga honekI saMbhAvanA hai| isa prakAra jaba dUsare aNurUpa bhI dravya pAye jAte haiM aura unameM bhI bhUtatA, vartamAnatA aura bhaviSyattAkA vyavahAra hotA hai to inameM yaha vyavahAra kAlakI aNurUpa svIkAra kiye binA saMbhava nahIM ho sakatA hai ata. kAla dravyako aNurUpa mAnakara usake lokAkAzake pramANa asaMkhyAta bheda mAnanA ho yuktisaMgata hai / isa tarahase ananta jIva, ananta pudgala, eka dharma, eka adharma, eka AkAza aura asaMkhyAta kAla ina saba dravyoMke samudAyakA nAma hI vizva hai kyoMki inake atirikta anya koI vastu vizvameM zeSa nahIM raha jAtI 1. A AkAzAdekadravyANi |-tttvaa0 5 / 6 / isa sUtrameM dharma, adharma aura AkAzako eka-eka hI dravya batalAyA gayA hai|
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________________ 3 / dharma aura siddhAnta : 23 hai| ye saba dravya yadyapi apane-apane svatantra rUpameM anAdi hai aura anidhana' haiM phira bhI apanI-apanI avasthAoMke rUpameM pariNamanazIla haiN| ataH saba vastuoMke pariNamanazIla honekI vajahase hI vizvako 'jagat' nAmase bhI pukArA jAtA hai kyoki 'gacchatIti jagat' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra 'jagat' zabdakA artha 'pariNamanazIla vastu' svIkAra karanekA hI yahA~para abhiprAya hai / 3. dravyAnuyogameM Atma-tattva Upara jaina-saMskRtike anusAra jitanA kucha vizvake padArthoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai vaha saba vivecana dravyAnuyogakI dRSTise hI kiyA gayA hai / usa vivecanameM vizvake padArthoM meM jIvadravyako bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai isalie yahA~para dravyAnuyogakI dRSTise usakA bhI vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| jIva dravyakA hI apara nAma 'AtmA' hai| isakA grahaNa sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA, netra aura karNa ina drayoMse na ho sakane ke kAraNa "vizvake padArthoMmeM AtmAko sthAna diyA jA sakatA hai yA nahIM ?"yaha prazna pratyeka darzanakArake samakSa vicAraNIya rahA hai| itanA hote hue bhI hama dekhate haiM kisI bhI darzanakAra ne svakIya ( svayaM apane ) astitvako amAnya karanekI koziza nahIM kI hai| vaha aisI koziza karatA bhI kaise ? kyoMki usakA usa samayakA saMvedana (anubhavana) use yaha batalAtA rahA ki vaha svayaM darzanakI racanA kara rahA hai isalie vaha yaha kaise kaha sakatA thA ki "usakA nijI koI astitva hI nahIM hai ?" yahI bAta sabhI saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoMke viSayameM kahI jA sakatI hai arthAt koI bhI saMjJI paMcendriya jIva apane astitvake viSaya meM saMdehazIla nahIM rahate haiM / kAraNa ki jisa samaya jo kucha ve karate hai usa samaya unheM isa bAtakA anubhavana hotA hI hai ki ve amuka kArya kara rahe haiM / isa taraha jaba ve apane anubhavake AdhArapara svayaM apaneko yathAsamaya usa kAryakA kartA svIkAra karate rahate haiM to phira ve aisA saMdeha kaise kara sakate haiM ki 'unakA apanA koI astitva hai yA nahIM ?' yahA~para apane astitvakA artha hI AtmAkA astitva hai / prazna-yadyapi yaha bAta ThIka hai ki sabhI saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoMko satata svasaMvedana (apanA anubhavana) hotA rahatA hai parantu zarIrake andara vyApta hokara rahane vAlA 'maiM' zarIrase pRthak tattva hU~-aisA saMvedana to kisIko bhI nahIM hotA hai, ataH yaha bAta kaise mAnI jA sakatI hai ki 'zarIrase atirikta 'AtmA' nAmakA koI svatantra tattva hai ? uttara-jitane bhI niSprANa ghaTAdi padArtha hai unakI apekSA prANavAle zarIroMmeM nimnalikhita tIna vizeSatAe~ pAyI jAtI haiM (1) niSprANa ghaTAdi padArtha dUsare padArthoMkA jJAna nahIM kara sakate haiM jaba ki prANavAn zarIroMmeM dUsare padArthokA jJAna karaneko sAmarthya pAyI jAtI hai| (2) niSprANa ghaTAdi padArtha svataH koI prayatna nahIM kara sakate haiM jabaki prANavAn zarIroMko hama svataH prayatna karate dekhate haiM / (3) niSprANa ghaTAdi padArthoM meM 'maiM sukhI hU~ yA duHkhI hU~, maiM garIba hU~ yA amIra hU~, maiM choTA hU~ yA 1. paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya 1, zloka 8 / 2. vahI, adhyAya 1, zloka 89 /
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________________ 24 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-grantha bar3A hai' Adi rUpase svasaMvedana' nahIM pAyA jAtA hai jabaki prANavAle zarIroMmeM ukta prakArase svasaMvedana karane kI yathAyogya yogyatA pAyI jAtI hai| isa prakAra niSprANa ghaTAdi padArthoM aura prANavAn zarIroMmeM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzakI samAnatA pAyI jAne para bhI prANavAn zarIroMmeM jo parapadArthajJAtatva, prayatnakartatva aura svasaMvedakatva ye tInoM vizeSatAe~ pAyI jAtI haiM unakA jaba ghaTAdi niSprANa padArthoM meM sarvathA abhAva vidyamAna hai to isase yahI niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki prANavAna zarIroMke andara kisI aise svatantra padArthakI sattA svIkRta karanI cAhiye, jisakI vajahase hI unameM (prANavAn zarIroMmeM) ukta prakArase jJAtRtva, kartRtva aura bhoktatva ye vizeSatAe~ pAyI jAtI haiM tathA jisake abhAvake kAraNa hI niSprANa ghaTAdi padArthoM meM ukta vizeSatAoMkA bhI abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isa padArthako hI 'AtmA' nAmase pukArA gayA hai| ___ tAtparya yaha hai ki jJAtRtva, kartRtva aura bhoktRtva ye tInoM hI prANazabdake vAcya haiN| ye jisa zarIrameM jaba taka vidyamAna rahate haiM taba taka vaha zarIra prANavAn kahalAtA hai tathA jaba jisa zarIrameM inakA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai taba vaha zarIra tathA jina padArthoM meM inakA satata abhAva pAyA jAtA hai ve ghaTAdi padArtha niSprANa kahe jAte haiN| hama dekhate hai ki zarIrake vidyamAna rahate hue bhI kAlAntarameM ukta prANoMkA usameM sarvathA abhAva bhI ho jAtA hai ataH yaha mAnanA ayukta nahIM hai ki ve zarIrase hI utpanna hone vAle dhama nahIM haiM to jisake ve dharma ho sakate hai, vahI 'AtmA' hai| prazna-pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ina pA~coM bhUtoM ( padArthoM ) ke yogase hI zarIrakA nirmANa hotA hai aura taba usa zarIrameM ukta prANoMkA prAdurbhAva anAyAsa hI ( apane Apa hI) ho jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki zarIrameM pRthvItattvakA mizraNa honese hameM nAsikA dvArA gandhakA jJAna hotA rahatA hai kyoMki gandha pRthvIkA guNa hai, jala tattvakA mizraNa honese hameM rasanA dvArA rasakA jJAna hotA rahatA hai kyoMki rasa jalakA guNa hai, agni tattvakA mizraNa honese netroM dvArA hameM rUpakA jJAna hotA rahatA hai kyoMki rUpa agnikA guNa hai, vAyu tattvakA mizraNa honese hameM sparzana dvArA sparzakA jJAna hotA rahatA hai, kyoMki sparza vAyukA guNa hai aura isI taraha AkAza tattvakA mizraNa honese hameM karNoM dvArA zabdakA grahaNa hotA rahatA hai kyoMki zabda AkAzakA guNa hai ? uttara-pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki 'zabda AkAzakA guNa hai' isa siddhAntako zabdake lie kaida kara lene vAle vijJAnane Aja samApta kara diyA hai| isalie zabdakA jJAna karaneke liye zarIrameM aba AkAza tattvake mizraNako svIkAra karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM raha gayI hai| isake alAvA zabdameM jaba ghAta-pratighAta rUpa zakti pAyI jAtI hai to isase eka bAta yaha bhI siddha hotI hai ki zabda AkAzakA yA dUsarI kisI vastukA guNa na hokara apane ApameM dravya rUpa hI ho sakatA hai kyoMki guNameM vaha zakti nahIM pAyI jAtI hai ki vaha svayaM asahAya hokara kisI dUsare padArthakA ghAta kara sake athavA dUsare padArtha se usakA ghAta ho ske| aura yadi zabdako kadAcit guNa bhI mAna liyA jAya, to phira AkAzake alAvA vaha kisakA guNa ho sakatA hai ? isakA nirNaya karanA asambhava hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina-saMskRtimeM zabda ko rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza vAlA padagala dravya mAnA gayA hai tathA jaina-saMskRtikI yaha mAnyatA to hai hI, ki pRthvI, jala, agni, 1. paMcAdhyAyI adhyAya 2 zloka 5 / 2. vahI, adhyAya 2, zloka 97 /
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________________ 3 / dhama aura siddhAnta 25 aura vAyu ina cAroM hI tattvoMmeM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ye cAroM hI guNa vidyamAna rahate haiM / ataH rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzakA zAna karaneke liye zarIra meM pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu ina pRthak-pRthak cAroM tattvoMke saMyogakI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jAtI hai / itanA avazya hai ki zarIra bhI ghaTAdi padArthoMkI taraha rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza vAlA eka pudgala piNDa hai aura jisa prakAra ghaTAdi padArtha niSprANa haiM usI prakAra yaha zarIra bhI apane ApameM niSprANa hI hai; phira bhI jaba taka isa zarIra ke andara AtmA virAjamAna rahatI hai taba taka vaha prANavAn kahA jAtA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki ukta prANarUpa zakti jaba pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ina sabameM yA inameMse kisI eka meM svatantra rUpase nahIM pAyI jAtI hai to ina sabake mizraNase vaha zarIrameM kaise paidA ho jAyegI ? yaha bAta samajhake bAharakI hai| kAraNa ki svabhAvarUpase avidyamAna zaktikA kisI bhI vastumeM dUsarI vastuoM dvArA utpAda kiyA jAnA asambhava hai / isakA matalaba yaha hai ki jo vastu svabhAvase niSprANa hai use lAkha prayatna karanepara bhI prANavAn nahIM banAyA jA sakatA hai| ataH zarIrake bhinna-bhinna aMgoMko koI kadAcit alaga-alaga pRthvI Adi tatvoMke rUpameM mAna bhI le, to bhI usa zarIra meM svabhAva rUpase asambhava svarUpa prANazaktikA prAdurbhAva kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? isalie vizvake samasta padArthoMmeM cit ( prANavAn ) aura acit (niSprANa) ina do parasparavirodhI padArthoMkA mUlataH bheda svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai / tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki koI-koI prANavAn zarIra aise hote haiM jinameM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzakA jJAna karanekI yogyatA honepara bhI zabda zravaNakI yogyatAkA sarvathA abhAva rahatA hai, koI-koI prANavAn zarIra aise hote haiM jinameM rasa, gandha aura spazaMkA jJAna karane kI yogyatA honepara bhI zabda zravaNa aura rUpa-grahaNakI yogyatAkA sarvathA abhAva rahatA hai, koI-koI prANavAn zarIra aise hote haiM jinameM rasa aura sparzakA jJAna karane kI yogyatA honepara bhI zabda, rUpa aura gandhakA jJAna karanekI yogyatAkA sarvathA abhAva rahatA hai| isI prakAra koI-koI prANavAn zarIra aise hote haiM jinameM kevala sparza-grahaNakI hI yogyatA pAyI jAtI hai, zeSa yogyatAoMkA unameM sarvathA abhAva rahatA hai| aisI hAlata meM ina zarIroMmeM yathAsambhava paMcabhUtoMke mizraNakA abhAva mAnanA anivArya hogA / aba yadi paMcabhUtoMke mizraNase zarIrameM citRzaktikA utpAda svIkAra kiyA jAya to ukta zarIroMmeM citzaktikA utpAda asambhava ho jAegA, lekina unameM bhI citzaktikA sadbhAva to pAyA hI jAtA hai / cauthI bAta yaha hai ki sampUrNa zarIrameM eka hI citzaktikA utpAda hotA hai yA zarIrake bhinna-bhinna aMgoMmeM alaga-alaga citRzakti utpanna hotI hai? yadi sampUrNa zarIrameM eka hI citzaktikA utpAda hotA hai to niyata rUpase sparzana indriya dvArA sparzakA hI rasanA indriya dvArA rasakA hI, nAsikA dvArA gandhakA hI, netroM dvArA rUpakA hI ora kaNoM dvArA zabdakA hI grahaNa nahIM honA caahiye| yadi zarIrake bhinna-bhinna aMgoM meM pRthak-pRthak citzakti utpanna hotI hai to hameM sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA, netra aura karNa dvArA eka hI sAtha sparza, rasa, gandha, rUpa aura zabdakA grahaNa hote rahanA caahiye| lekina yaha anubhava siddha bAta hai ki jisa kAla meM hameM kisI eka indriyase jJAna ho rahA ho, usa kAlameM dUsarI saba indriyoMse jJAna nahIM hotA hai / yadi kahA jAya ki citzaktikA dhAraka svatantra AtmAkA astitva zarIrameM mAnanese nivata aMgoM 1. paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya 2, zloka 96 /
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________________ 26 : sarasvatI-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-grantha dvArA hI rUpAdikakA jJAna kyoM hotA hai ? to isakA uttara yaha hai ki bhinna-bhinna aMgoMke sahayogase hI AtmA apanI svAbhAvika citzaktike dvArA padArthoMkA jJAna kiyA karatI hai| ataH saba aMgoMke vidyamAna rahate hue bhI, jisa jJAnake anukUla aMgakA sahayoga jisa kAlameM AtmAko prApta hogA, usa kAlameM vahI jJAna usa AtmAko hogA, anya nahIM / pA~cavIM bAta yaha hai ki paMcabhUtoMke saMyogase zarIrameM citazaktikA utpAda mAna lene para bhI hamArA kAma nahIM cala sakatA hai / kAraNa ki jJAnakI mAtrA rUpa, rasa, gandha sparza aura zabdakA jJAna kara lenemeM hI samApta nahIM ho jAtI hai / ina jJAnoMke atirikta smaraNa, ekatva aura sAdazya Adike grahaNasvarUpa pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura zabda-zravaNa athavA aMgulyAdike saMketoMke anantara honevAlA arthajJAnarUpa AgamajJAna (zabdajJAna) ye jJAna bhI to hameM satata hote rahate haiN| isa taraha ina jJAnoMke liye kinhIM dUsare bhUtoMkA saMyoga zarIrameM mAnanA Avazyaka hogaa| yadi kahA jAya ki ye saba prakArake jJAna hameM mana dvArA haA karate haiM to yahA~ para prazna hotA hai ki zarIra tathA mana donoMmeM eka hI citazaktikA utpAda hotA hai yA donoMmeM alaga-alaga citazaktiyA~ eka sAtha utpanna ho jAyA karatI hai athavA manameM svabhAva rUpase citzakti vidyamAna rahatI hai ? ___ pahale pakSako svIkAra karane para manase hI smaraNAdi jJAna ho sakate haiM, sparzana Adi bAhya indriyoMse nahIM, isakA niyamana karanevAlA kauna hogA ? dUsare pakSako svIkAra karane para jisa kAlameM hameM sparzana Adi bAhya indriyoMse jJAna hotA rahatA hai usI kAlameM hameM smaraNAdi jJAna honekA bhI prasaMga upasthita ho jAyagA, jo ki anubhavake viruddha hai| tIsarA pakSa svIkAra karane para "paMcabhUtoMke sammizraNase zarIrameM citzaktikA prAdurbhAva hotA hai" isa siddhAntakA vyAghAta ho jaaygaa| yadi kahA jAya ki svAbhAvika citzakti-viziSTa manako svIkAra karanese yadi kAma cala sakatA hai to Atmatattvako mAnanekI AvazyakatA hI kyA raha jAtI hai ? to isakA uttara yaha hai ki jaina-saMskRtimeM eka to manako bhI rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza guNa viziSTa pudgala dravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai; dusare ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura bahutase paMcendriya jIva aise pAye jAte hai jinake mana nahIM hotA hai| isalie citzakti viziSTa-Atmatattvako svIkAra karanA hI zreyaskara hai| yaha AtmA hI mana tathA sparzana Adi indriyoMke sahayogase padArthokA yathAyogya vividha prakArase jJAna kiyA karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jitane saMjJI' paMcendriya jIva haiM unake mana tathA sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA, netra aura karNa ye pA~coM indriyA~ vidyamAna rahatI haiN| ataH ve ina sabako sahAyatAse padArthoMkA jJAna kiyA karate haiM / jo jIva asaMjJI paMcendriya hote haiM unake mana nahIM hotA, unameM kevala ukta pA~coM indriyA~ hI vidyamAna rahatI haiN| ataH ve manake binA ina pA~coM indriyoMse hI padArthoMkA jJAna kiyA karate haiN| isI prakAra caturindriya jIvoMke mana aura karNa indriyake atirikta cAra indriyA~, trIndriya jIvoMke mana tathA karNa aura netra indriyoMke atirikta tIna indriyA~, dvIndriya jIvoMke mana tathA karNa, netra aura nAsikA indriyoMko chor3akara zeSa do indriyA~ pAyI jAtI haiM evaM ekendriya jIvoMke mana tathA karNa, netra, nAsikA aura rasanAke atirikta sirpha eka sparzana 1. saMjJinaH samanaskAH |-tttvaarthsuutr 2-24 /
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________________ 3 / dharma aura siddhAnta 27 indriya hI pAyI jAtI hai| isalie ye saba jIva una-una indriyoMse ho padArthoMkA zAnakA kiyA karate haiN| isa prakAra prANavAn zarIroMmeM jo "parapadArthajJAtRtva" zakti pAyI jAtI hai vaha zarIrakA dharma na hokara AtmAkA hI dharma hai aisA mAnanA hI ucita hai| isI taraha prANavAn zarIroMmeM jo "prayatnakartRtva" zakti pAyI jAtI hai use bhI zarIrakA dharma na mAnakara AtmAkA hI dharma mAnanA cAhiye, kyoMki parapadArthajJAtRtva zakti jina yuktiyoM dvArA zarIrakI na hokara AtmAkI hI siddha hotI hai unhIM yuktiyoM dvArA prayatnakartRtva zakti bhI zarIrakI na hokara AtmAkI hI siddha hotI hai / prayatnake jaina-saMskRti meM tIna bheda mAne gaye haiM- mAnasika, vAcanika aura kAyika / inameM se mAnasika prayatnako vahA~ para 'manoyoga', vAcanika prayatnoMko 'vacanayoga' aura kAyika prayatnako 'kAyayoga' kahakara pukArA gayA hai| manakA avalambana lekara honevAle AtmAke prayatnoMko manoyoga kahate haiM, isI prakAra vacana (mukha) aura kAyakA avalambana lekara honevAle AtmAke usa usa yatnako kramase kahate haiM / vacanayoga aura kAyayoga vacanoMko bolane kA nAma hI AtmAkA vAcanika yatna hai aura zarIrake dvArA pratikSaNa hamArI jo prazasta aura aprazasta pravRttiyAM huA karatI hai unhoMkI AtmAkA kAyika prayatna samajhanA caahiye| mAnasika prayatnakA spaSTIkaraNa nimnaprakAra hai mana paugalika padArtha hai, yaha bAta to hama pahale hI batalA cuke haiN| vaha mana do prakArakA hai eka mastiSka aura dUsarA hRdaya / jitanA bhI smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura zAbda ( zruta) rUpa jJAna hameM hotA rahatA hai vaha saba mastiSka kI sahAyatAse hI huA karatA hai ataH ye saba jJAna AtmA ke mAnasika jJAna kahalAte haiM / isI prakAra jitane bhI krodha, ahaMkAra, mAyA, lobha, lipsA, bhaya, saMkleza Adi mohake vikAra tathA yathAyogya moha kA abhAva hone para kSamA, mRdutA, saralatA, nirlobhatA, tuSTi, nirbhayatA, vizuddhi Adi guNa hamAre andara prApta hote rahate haiM ve saba hRdayakI sahAyatAse hI huA karate haiM ataH una sabako bhI AtmAke mAnasika prayatnoM meM antarbhUta karanA cAhiye / ina tInoM prakArake prayatnoMmeMse saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoMke to ye saba prayatna huA karate haiM, lekina asaMjJI paMcendriya tathA caturindriya, prIndriya aura dvIndriya jIvoMke sirpha vAcanika aura kAyika prayatna hI huA karate haiM kyoMki manakA abhAva honese ina jIvoMke mAnasika prayatnakA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra ekendriya jIvoMke sirpha kAyika prayatna hI hotA hai. kAraNa ki unameM manake sAtha-sAtha bolanekA sAdhanabhUta mukhakA bhI abhAva pAyA jAtA hai ataH unake mAnasika ora vAcanika prayatna nahIM hote haiN| dvIndriyAdika jIva calatephirate rahate haiM isalie unake zArIrika prayatnoMkA to patA hameM calatA hI rahA hai, parantu ekendriya vRkSAdika jIvoMkI jo zarIra vRddhi dekhane meM AtI hai vaha unake zArIrika prayatnakA hI pariNAma hai| yaha bAta hama pahale batalA Aye haiM ki jitane bhI saMzI paMcendriya athavA prayatna karate samaya svasaMvedana arthAt 'apane astitvakA bhAna' satata hotA rahatA hai, parantu saMkSI paMcendriya prANiyoMke atirikta jitane bhI asaMzI paMcendriya, caturindriya, zrIndriya dvIndriya aura ekendriya prANI haiM unheM manakA abhAva honeke kAraNa yadyapi padArtha-jJAna athavA prayatna karate samaya saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoMkI prANI haiM, unheM padArthoMkA jJAna 1. vanaspatyantAnAmekam kRmipipIlikAbhramaramanuSyAdInAmekaikavRddhAni / ta0 sU0 2-22, 23 / 2. kAyavAGmanaH karmayogaH / - tattvArthasUtra 6-1 | /
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________________ 28: sarasvatI - varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha taraha apane astitvakA bhAna nahIM hotA hai arthAt 'maiM amuka padArthakA jJAna kara rahA hU~' athavA 'maiM amuka kArya kara rahA hU~' aisA jJAna unheM nahIM ho pAtA hai, phira bhI usa samaya unakI usa jJAna rUpa yA usa kriyA rUpa pariNati hote rahane ke kAraNa usa pariNatikA anubhavana to unheM hotA hI hai anyathA cIMTI Adi prANiyoMko agni Adi ke samIpa pahu~cane para yadi uSNatAjanya dukha rUpa sAmAnya anubhavana na ho to phira vahA~ se ve haTate kyoM haiM ? isI prakAra zakkara Adi anukUla padArthoMke pAsa pahu~canepara yadi miThAsajanya sukha rUpa sAmAnya anubhavana unheM na ho, to ve una padArthoMse cipaTate kyoM haiM ? isase yaha bAta siddha hotI hai ki ekendriya Adi sabhI prANiyoM ko yathAyogya svasaMvedana hotA hI hai / eka bAta aura hai ki jaina darzana meM pratyeka jJAnako svaparaprakAzaka svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH ekendriya Adi saba prANiyoM ke svasaMvedakatvakA sadbhAva anivArya rUpase mAnanA par3atA hai| itanI vizeSatA hai ki ekendriyase lekara asaMjJI paMcendriya takake jIvoMkA jo svasaMvedana hotA hai use jaina - saMskRti meM 'karmaphalacetanA" nAmase pukArA gayA hai; kyoMki ina jIvoMmeM manakA abhAva hone ke kAraNa kartA, karma, kriyA aura phalakA vizleSaNa karanekI asAmarthya pAyI jAtI hai tathA saMjJa paMcendriya jIvoMke svasaMvedanakI 'karmacetanA' nAmase pukArA gayA hai; kAraNa ki manakA sadbhAva honese ina jIvoMmeM kartA Adike vizleSaNa karanekI sAmarthya vidyamAna rahatI haiM / inhIM saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoMmeM se hI jo jIva hita aura ahitakI pahacAna karake padArthajJAna athavA pravRtti karane laga jAte haiM unake svasaMvedanako 'jJAnacetanA' ke nAmase pukArA jAne lagatA hai / prANavAn zarIroMmeM hone vAlA yaha svasaMvedana bhI pUrvokta yuktiyoMke AdhArapara zarIrakA dharmaM na hokara AtmA hI dharma siddha hotA hai ataH jaina-saMskRti meM pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla kI taraha AtmA kA bhI parapadArthajJAtRtva, prayatnakartRtva aura svasaMvedakatvake AdhArapara svataH siddha aura anAdinidhana astitva mAnA gayA hai / 4. karaNAnuyoga meM Atmatatva hama dekhate haiM ki pratyeka prANI duHkhase DaratA hai aura sukhakI cAha karatA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki jina dArzanikoM ne AtmAke astitvako nahIM mAnA hai unhoMne bhI "mahAjano yena gataH sa panthAH " ke rUpa meM jagatako sukhake sAdhanoMpara calanekA upadeza diyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki AtmAke astitva ke bAre meM vivAda ho sakatA hai, parantu jagat ke pratyeka prANIko jo sukha aura duHkhakA anubhavana hotA rahatA hai isa anubhavanake AdhArapara apanI sukhI aura duHkhI hAlatoMkI sattA mAnanese kauna inkAra kara sakatA hai ? isalie Upara jo dravyAnuyogakI apekSA svataH siddha aura anAdinidhana citzaktiviziSTa Atmatattva ke astitva kI siddhi karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, itane mAtrase hI hamAre prayatnako itizrI nahIM ho jAtI hai| isake sAtha hI Akhira hameM yaha bhI to socanA hai ki sukhI aura duHkhI hAlateM AtmAkI hI mAnI jAya~ yA AtmAkA inase koI sambandha hI nahIM hai ? aura yadi ina hAlatoMko AtmAkI hAlateM mAna liyA jAya to kyA ye hAlateM AtmAkI svataHsiddha hAlateM haiM yA kinhIM dUsare kAraNoMse hI AtmAmeM inakI utpatti ho rahI hai ? aura kyA ye naSTa bhI kI jA sakatI haiM ? 1. paMcAdhyAyI (uttarArdha) 2-195 / 2. paMcAdhyAyI (pUrvArdhaM ) 2-195 / 3. vahI, 2- 194, 217 /
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________________ 3 / dharma aura siddhAnta 29 vedAnta darzanameM ina sukha aura duHkha rUpa hAlatoMko AtmAkI hAlateM nahIM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / vahA~para to AtmAko sat, cit aura Anandamaya hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| sukha aura duHkha 'jinakA anubhavana hameM satata hotA rahatA hai ye saba mAyAke rUpa haiM aura mithyA hai tathA inase AtmA sadA alipta rahatI hai| jaina-saMskRtimeM bhI AtmAko vedAnta darzanakI taraha yadyapi sat, cit aura AnandasvarUpa hI mAnA gayA hai parantu satata pratyeka prANI ke anubhavanameM Ane vAle sukha aura duHkhako jahA~ vedAnta darzana meM mithyA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai vahA~ jaina-saMskRtimeM inheM svasaMvedana pratyakSa hone kI vajahase umI AnandaguNake vikArI pariNamana mAnA gayA hai / jaina darzana meM vedAnta darzanakI apekSA AtmatattvakI mAnyatA ke viSaya meM yahI vizeSatA hai| jaina saMskRtimeM AtmAke AnandaguNake ina vikArI pariNamanoMkA kAraNa AtmAkA pudgaladravyake sAtha anAdi saMyoga mAnA gayA hai aura sAtha hI vahA~ yaha bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki pudgala dravyake saMyogako AtmAse sarvathA pRthaka kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA Ananda guNake sukha-duHkha rUpa vikAroMko bhI naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra svataH siddha aura anAdinidhana citRzakti viziSTa Atmatattvako svIkAra karaneke sAthasAtha jaina - saMskRti meM yaha bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki AtmA anAdikAla se paratantra (baddha ) hai parantu svatantra (bandharahita) ho sakatA hai; azuddha hai parantu zuddha ho sakatA hai, moha, rAga tathA dveSa Adi vikAroMkA ghara hai, parantu ye saba vikAra dUra kiye jA sakate haiM; saMsArI hai parantu mukta ho sakatA hai; alpajJAnI hai parantu pUrNa jJAnI ho sakatA hai| isI taraha kabhI tiryak, kabhI manuSya, kabhI deva aura kabhI nArakI hotA rahatA hai, parantu ina sabase pare siddha bhI ho sakatA hai / yadi jaina saMskRtike dravyAnuyoga para dRSTi DAlI jAya to mAlUma hotA hai ki AtmAkI baDhatA aura sarvathA asamartha hai| kAraNa ki svarUpa vahI ho sakatA hai jo anAdinidhana cilAktiko hI parantu saMsArI AtmAoM meM usakA avaddhatA, azuddhi aura buddhi Adike viSaya meM kucha bhI jAnakArI dene meM vaha - dravyAnuyoga sirpha dravyake svarUpakA hI pratipAdana kara sakatA hai aura dravyakA usa dravya meM satata vidyamAna rahatA ho ata AtmAkA svarUpa svataH siddha aura mAnA jA sakatA hai | Ananda yadyapi muktAtmAoM meM to pAyA jAtA hai, abhAva rahatA hai| isI taraha baDhatA aura abaddhatA, azuddhi aura zuddhi Adi koI bhI avasthA AtmAkA svarUpa nahIM ho sakatI hai| kAraNa, yadi saMsArI AtmAmeM avaddhatA aura zuddhi Adi avasthAoMkA abhAva hai to muktAtmAoM meM bar3hatA aura azuddhi Adi avasthAoMkA abhAva rahatA hai| isalie vyAnuyogakI dRSTise jaba Atmatattvake bAremeM kucha nirNaya karanA ho to vaha nirNaya yahI hogA ki AtmA svataH siddha aura anAdinidhana cityAktisvarUpakA dhAraka hai| kAraNa ki yaha svarUpa saMsArI aura mukta donoM prakArako saba AtmAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki myAnuyogakI dRSTimeM ekendriyase lekara samasta saMsArI AtmAyeM aura samasta mukta AtmAyeM samAna mAnI gayI haiM; kyoMki samasta saMsArI aura siddha AtmAe~ saba kAla aura saba avasthAoM meM svataH siddha aura anAdinidhana citvAvita rUpa svarUpase rahita nahIM hotI hai| lekina isakA yaha bhI matalaba nahIM ki yadi dravyAnuyoga AtmAkI baddhatA aura abaddhatA, azuddhi aura zuddhi AdikA pratipAdana nahIM karatA hai to ye saba AtmAko avasthAe~ nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai, kAraNa ki yadi inheM AtmAkI avasthAe~ nahIM mAnA jAyagA to saMsArI aura muktakA bheda samApta ho jAyagA aura isa taraha 1. paMcAdhyAyI, 2-35 /
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________________ 30 sarasvatI-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-granya muktike liye prayAsa karanA bhI nirarthaka ho jaaygaa| isI taraha saMsArI jIvoMmeM bhI 'amaka jIva ekendriya hai aura amuka jIva dvIndriya, trondriya, caturindriya, asaMjJI paMcedriya athavA saMjJo paMcendriya hai, amuka jIva manuSya hai athavA tiryak , nArakI yA deva hai' ityAdi pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agamagamya vividhatAoMkA lopa kara denA hogA / hamAre andara kabhI krodha, kabhI mAna, kabhI mAyA, kabhI lobha, kabhI moha, kabhI kAma, kabhI sukha aura kabhI duHkha Adi avasthAoMkA jo satata anubhavana hotA rahatA hai ise galata mAnanA hogA tathA acchebure kAmoMkA jIvanameM bheda karanA asaMbhava ho jAyagA yA to ahiMsA Adi puNya karmokI kImata ghaTa jAyagI athavA hiMsA Adi pApakarmoM kI kImata bar3ha jaaygii| isa prakAra samasta saMsArakA pratItisiddhi aura pramANasiddha jitanA bheda hai saba nirarthaka ho jaaygaa| isalie jaina-saMskRtimeM dravyAnuyogake sAtha karaNAnuyogako bho sthAna diyA gayA hai aura jisa prakAra dravyAnuyoga vastu-svarUpakA pratipAdaka hone ke kAraNa AtmAke svarUpakA pratipAdaka hai usI prakAra karaNAnuyogako AtmAkI ukta prakArako vividha avasthAoMkA pratipAdaka mAnA gayA hai / arthAt AtmAko baddhatA AdikA jJAna hameM dravyAnuyogase bhale hI na ho parantu karaNAnuyogase to hameM unakA jJAna hotA hI hai ataH jisa prakAra dravyAnuyogakI dRSTise AtmA svataHsiddha aura anAdinidhana citzakti-viziSTa hai usI prakAra vaha karaNAnuyogakI dRSTise vaddha aura abaddha Adi avasthAoMko bhI dhAraNa kiye hae hai / lekina ye baddha Adi dazAe~ AtmAkI svataHsiddha avasthAe~ nahIM hai, balki upAdAna aura sahakArI kAraNoM ke sahayogase hI inakI niSpatti AtmAmeM huA karatI hai| AtmA anAdi kAlase parAvalambI banI huI hai isalie anAdi kAlase hI baddha Adi avasthAoMko prApta kiye hue hai aura jaba taka parAvalamvI banI rahegI taba taka inhIM avasthAoMko dhAraNa karatI rahegI, kyoMki baddha Adi avasthAoMkA parAvalambana kAraNa hai| lekina jisa dina AtmA isa parAvalambanavRttiko chor3ane meM samartha ho jAyegI usa dina vaha bandha-rahita avasthAko prApta kara legii| ataH hameM AtmAkI svAvalambana-zaktimeM jAgaraNake lie anakala kartavya-pathako apanAnekI AvazyakatA hai, jisakA upadeza hameM jaina-saMskRtike caraNAnuyogase milatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka saMskRtike hameM do rUpa dekhane ko milate haiM-eka darzana aura dUsarA AcAra / jaina-saMskRtike bhI yahI do rUpa batalAye gaye haiN| inase pahale rUpa yAnI darzanako pUrvokta prakArase dravyAnuyoga aura karaNAnayoga ina do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai aura dUsare rUpa yAne AcArakA pratipAdana caraNAnuyogameM kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra citzakti-viziSTa AtmatattvakA svatantra astitva svIkAra karate hae unakI anAdikAlIna paudagalika paratantratAse hone vAlI vividha prakArakI vikArI avasthAoMse chuTakArA pAne ke liye pratyeka vyakti AtmAkI svAvalambanavRttike jAgaraNake sAdhanabhUta ahiMsA Adi pA~ca vratarUpa athavA kSamA Adi daza dharma rUpa kartavyapathapara Arur3ha ho / AtmAke viSayameM yahI jaina-saMskRtikA rahasya hai|