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________________ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana meM karma - siddhAnta - ratnalAla jaina (jaina darzana - zodha chAtra ) ( ema. e., ema. eDa.) bhArata bhUmi darzanoM kI janma bhUmi hai, puNyasthalI hai / isa puNyabhUmi para nyAya, sAMkhya, vedAnta, vaizeSika, mImAMsA, bauddha aura jaina Adi aneka darzanoM kA AvirbhAva huA / yahA~ ke manISI dArzanikoM ne AtmA, paramAtmA, loka aura karma - pApa-puNya Adi mahatvapUrNa tatvoM para bar3I gambhIratA se cintana-manana aura vivecana kiyA hai / jainadarzana meM 'karma' zabda jisa artha meM prayukta huA hai, usa artha meM athavA usase milate-julate artha meM anya darzanoM meM bhI ina zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| mAyA, avidyA, prakRti, apUrva, vAsanA, Azaya, dharmAdharma, adRSTa, saMskAra, daiva, bhAgya Adi / upalabdha haiM / 'apUrva' zabda mImAMsA darzana prasiddha hai / " Azaya " zabda vizeSataH yoga 'mAyA', 'avidyA' aura 'prakRti' zabda vedAnta darzana meM meM prayukta huA hai / "vAsanA" zabda bauddhadarzana meM vizeSa rUpa se aura sAMkhya darzana meM upalabdha hai / "dharmAdharma", "adRSTa" aura "saMskAra" zabda nyAya evaM vaizeSika darzanoM meM pracalita hai / "deva", "bhAgya", "puNya", "pApa" Adi aneka aise zabda haiM jinakA sAdhAraNatayA saba darzanoM meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jaina aura yoga darzanoM meM karmavAda kA vicitra samanvaya milatA hai / karma kI jaina paribhASA - prasiddha AcArya devendrasUri karma kI paribhASA karate hue likhate haiM"jIva kI kriyA kA jo hetu hai, vaha karma hai / " paM0 sukhalAla jI kahate haiM- "mithyAtva, kaSAya Adi kAraNoM se jIva ke dvArA jo kucha kiyA jAtA hai, vahI karma kahalAtA hai / jaba prANI apane mana, vacana athavA tana se kisI bhI prakAra kI pravRtti karatA hai, taba cAroM ora se karma yogya pudgala - paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai / AtmA kI rAga-dveSAtmaka kriyA se AkAza pradezoM meM vidyamAna anantAnanta karma ke sUkSma pudgala cumbaka kI taraha AkarSita hokara AtmapradezoM se saMzliSTa ho jAte haiM, unheM karma kahate haiM / " jaina lakSaNAvalI meM likhA hai - " aMjanacUrNa se paripUrNa Dibbe ke samAna sUkSma va sthUla Adi ananta pudgaloM se paripUrNa, loka meM jo karmarUpa meM pariNata hone yogya niyata pudgala jIva-pariNAma ke anusAra bandha ko ( 48 )
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana prApta hokara jJAna-darzana ke ghAtaka (jJAnAvaraNa va darzanAvaraNa tathA sukha-duHkha zubha-azubha Ayu, nAma, ucca va nIca gotra aura antarAya rUpa) pudgaloM ko karma kahA jAtA hai / __pAtaMjala yoga darzana meM pa.ziya-maharSi pataMjali likhate haiM--"klezamUlaka karmAzaya--karma-saMskAroM kA samudaya vartamAna aura bhaviSya donoM hI janmoM meM bhogA jAne vAlA hai|" karmoM ke saMskAroM kI jar3aavidyA, asmitA, rAga-dveSa aura abhiniveza ye pA~ca kleza haiM / yaha klezamUlaka karmAzaya jisa prakAra isa janma meM duHkha detA hai, usI prakAra bhaviSya meM hone vAle janmoM meM bhI duHkhadAyaka hai / jaba citta meM klezoM ke saMskAra jame hote haiM, taba unase sakAma karma utpanna hote haiM / binA rajoguNa ke koI kriyA nahIM ho sktii| isa rajoguNa kA jaba satva guNa ke sAtha mela hotA hai, taba jJAna, dharma, vairAgya aura aizvarya ke karmoM meM pravRtti hotI hai| isa rajoguNa kA jaba tamoguNa se mela hotA hai taba usake ulTe ajJAna, adharma, avairAgya aura anaizvarya ke karmoM meM pravRtti hotI hai / yahI donoM prakAra ke karma zubha-azubha, pApa-puNya yA zukla-kRSNa kahalAte haiM / jaina darzana ko ATha karma prakRtiyA~-jisa rUpa meM karma-paramANu AtmA kI vibhinna zaktiyoM ke prakaTana kA avarodha karate haiM. aura AtmA kA zarIra se sambandha sthApita karate haiM tathA jina karmoM se baddha jIva saMsAra bhramaNa karatA hai, ve ATha haiM . 1. jJAnAvaraNIya karma-yaha karma jIva kI ananta jJAna-zakti ke prAdurbhAva ko rokatA hai| 2. darzanAvaraNIya karma-yaha karma jIva kI ananta darzana-zakti ko prakaTa nahIM hone detaa| 3. mohanIya karma-yaha karma AtmA kI vItarAga dazA/svarUparamaNatA ko rokatA hai| 4. antarAya karma-yaha karma anantavIrya ko prakaTa nahIM hone detaa| 5. vedanIya karma-yaha karma avyAbAdha sukha ko rokatA hai| 6. AyuSya karma-yaha karma zAzvata sthiratA ko nahIM hone detA hai| 7. nAma karma-yaha karma arUpI avasthA nahIM hone detaa| 8. gotra karma-yaha karma aguru-laghubhAva ko rokatA hai| dhAti aura adhAti karma ghAti karma- jo karma AtmA ke sAtha ba~dha kara usake naisargika guNoM kA ghAta karate haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya ghAti karma haiN| ___ aghAti karma-jo AtmA ke pradhAna guNoM ko hAni nahIM pahuMcAte / vedanIya, AyuSya, nAma, gotra aghAti karma haiN| yoga darzana ke vipAka-jAti, Ayu aura bhoga / jaba taka kleza rUpa jar3a vidyamAna rahatI hai, taba taka karmAzaya kA vipAka arthAt phala jAti, Ayu aura bhoga hotA hai| kleza jar3a hai| una jar3oM se karmAzaya kA vRkSa bar3hatA hai| usa vRkSa meM jAti, Ayu aura bhoga tIna prakAra ke phala lagate haiM / karmAzaya vRkSa usI samaya taka phalatA hai, jaba taka avidyAdi klezarUpI usakI jar3a vidyamAna rahatI hai| jaina darzana meM andha kA svarUpa-jIva aura karma ke saMzleSa ko bandha kahate haiM / jIva apanI vRttiyoM khaNDa 4/7
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________________ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana meM karma siddhAnta : ratnalAla jaina se karma-yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai / ina grahaNa kie hue karma-pudgala aura jIva-pradezoM kA bandhana -saMyoga hI bandha hai| zrI nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI likhate haiM-jina caitanya pariNAma se karma ba~dhatA hai, vaha bhAvabandha hai, tathA karma aura AtmA ke pradezoM kA praveza, eka dUsare meM mila jAnA, ekakSatrAvagAhI ho jAnA, dravyabandha hai| kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacandra sUri likhate haiM-"jIva kaSAya ke kAraNa karmayogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, yaha bandha hai / vaha jIva ko asvatantratA kA kAraNa hai|" AcArya pUjyapAda ke anusAra jIva aura karma ke isa saMzleSa ko dUdha aura jala ke udAharaNa se samajhA jA sakatA hai| yoga aura kaSAya-bandha ke hetu dUsare rUpa meM-"yoga prakRtibandha aura pradezabandha kA hetu hai, aura kaSAya sthitibandha aura anubhAga bandha kA hetu hai|" isa prakAra yoga aura kaSAya-ye do bandha ke hetu banate haiM / tIsarI dRSTi se"mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yoga, ye bandha ke hetu haiN|" ina cAra bandhahetuoM se sattAvana bheda ho jAte haiN| dharmazAstra, Agama meM pramAda ko bhI bandha hetu kahA hai / zrI umAsvAti ne pA~ca bandha hetu mAne haiM-mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga / isa prakAra jainadarzana meM bandha-hetuoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca AtravoM ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| samanvaya-karma-bandha ke hetuoM kI dRSTiyoM kA samanvaya isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai--"pramAda eka prakAra kA asaMyama hI hai| isaliye vaha avirati yA kaSAya meM A jAtA hai / sUkSmatA se dekhane se mithyAtva aura avirati ye donoM kaSAya ke svarUpa se bhinna nahIM isalie kaSAya aura yoga-ye do hI bandha ke hetu mAne haiN|" karma-bandha ke hetu -pA~ca Astrava pA~ca Asrava-mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga bandha ke hetu haiM / jaina dharma-zAstroMAgamoM meM karma-bandha ke do hetu kahe gaye haiM.--1. rAga aura 2. dvaSa / rAga aura dvaSa karma ke bIja haiN| jo bhI pApa karma haiM, ve rAga aura dvaSa se ajita hote haiM / TIkAkAra ne rAga se mAyA aura lobha ko grahaNa kiyA hai, aura dveSa se krodha aura mAna ko grahaNa kiyA hai| eka bAra gautama svAmI ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA "bhagavana ! jIva karmaprakRtiyoM kA bandha kaise karate haiM ?" bhagavAn ne uttara diyA-"gautama ! jIva do sthAnoM se karmoM kA bandha karate haiM-eka rAga se aura dUsare dvaSa se| rAga do prakAra kA hai-mAyA aura lobha / dveSa bhI do prakAra kA hai-krodha aura mAna / " krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-ina cAroM kA saMgrAhaka zabda kaSAya hai| isa prakAra eka kaSAya hI bandha kA hetu hotA hai| yoga darzana meM bandha ke mUla kAraNa-pA~ca kleza-saba bandhanoM aura duHkhoM ke mUla kAraNa pA~ca kleza haiM-avidyA, asmitA, rAga, dveSa aura abhinivesh| ye pA~coM bAdhanArUpa pIr3A ko paidA karate haiN| ye citta meM vidyamAna rahate hue saMskArarUpa guNoM ke pariNAma ko dRr3ha karate haiM isaliye inako kleza ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai|
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma - cintana sAMkhya darzana kI bhASA meM ina pA~coM - avidyA ko tamasa, asmitA ko moha, rAga ko mahAmoha, dveSa ko tamisra aura abhiniveza ko andhatAmisra ke nAmoM meM abhihita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne likhA hai - " mUr3ha AtmA jisameM vizvAsa karatA hai, usase adhika koI bhayAnaka vastu nahIM / mUr3ha AtmA jisase DaratA hai, usase bar3hakara zaraNa dene vAlI vastu isa saMsAra meM nahIM hai / " 51 bhayaMkara vastu meM vizvAsa karanA aura abhayadAna karane vAlI vastuoM se dUra bhAganA - yaha usa samaya hotA hai jaba AtmA mUr3ha ho, dRSTikoNa mithyA ho, avidyA aura ajJAna aura moha se vyakti grasita ho / mithyAtva aura avidyA --- mithyAtva - mithyAtva kA artha hai mithyAdarzana; jo ki samyagdarzana se ulaTA hotA hai / jo bAta jaisI ho, use vaisI na mAnanA yA viparIta mAnanA mithyAtva hai / mithyAtva ke dasa rUpa - mithyAtva, viparIta tatva zraddhA ke dasa rUpa banate haiM 1. adharma meM dharma saMjJA / 2. dharma meM adharma saMjJA / 3. amArga meM mArga saMjJA / 4. mArga meM amArga saMjJA / 5. ajIva meM jIva saMjJA / 6. jIva meM ajIva saMjJA / 7. asAdhu meM sAdhu saMjJA / 8. sAdhu meM asAdhu saMjJA / 6. amukta meM mukta saMjJA / 10. mukta meM amukta saMjJA / avidyA - jisameM jo dharma nahIM hai, usameM usakA bhAna honA avidyA kA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai / avidyA ke pAda- - yoga darzana ke anusAra pazu ke tulya avidyA ke bhI cAra pAda haiM 1. anitya meM nitya kA jJAna / 2. apavitra meM pavitratA kA jJAna / 3. duHkha meM sukha kA jJAna / 4 anAtma (jar3a) meM Atma kA jJAna / avirati - virati kA abhAva, vrata yA tyAga kA abhAva, doSoM se virati na honA / paudgalika sukhoM ke liye vyakta yA avyakta pipAsA / manovijJAna ne mana ke tIna vibhAga kiye haiM 1. adas mana (id), 2. ahaM mana ( Ego ), 3. adhizAstA mana ( Super Ego ) / adas mana--- isameM AkAMkSAe~ paidA hotI haiN| jitanI pravRttyAtmaka AzA akAMkSAe~ aura icchAe~ haiM ve sabhI isI mana meM paidA hotI haiM / ahaM mana--samAja vyavasthA se jo niyantraNa prApta hotA hai, usase AkAMkSAe~ yahA~ niyantrita ho jAtI haiM aura ve kucha parimArjita ho jAtI haiM / una para aMkuza jaisA laga jAtA hai / ahaM mana icchAoM ko kriyAnvita nahIM karatA hai / adhizAstA mana - yaha ahaM para bhI aMkuza rakhatA hai, aura use niyantrita karatA hai / avirati arthAt chipI huI cAha, sukha-suvidhA ko pAne kI cAha aura kaSTa ko miTAne kI cAha / yaha jo vibhinna prakAra kI Antarika cAha hai, AkAMkSA hai - ise karmazAstra kI bhASA meM avirati Asrava kahA hai / ise manovijJAna kI bhASA meM adas mana kahA gayA hai /
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________________ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana meM karma siddhAnta : ratnalAla jaina kaSAya-rAga aura dveSa umAsvAti kahate haiM-"kaSAya bhAva ke kAraNa jIva karma ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, vaha bandha kahalAtA hai|" AtmA meM rAga yA dveSa bhAvoM kA uddIpta honA hI kaSAya hai| rAga aura dvaSa-donoM karma ke bIja haiN| jaise dIpaka apanI USmA se battI ke dvArA tela ko AkarSita kara use apane zarIra (lau) ke rUpa meM badala letA hai, vaise hI yaha AtmA rUpI dIpaka apane rAgabhAvarUpI USmA ke kAraNa kriyAoM rUpI battI ke dvArA karma-paramANuoM rUpI tela ko AkarSita kara use apane karma zarIrarUpI lau meM badala detA hai| rAga-kleza-sukha bhogane kI icchA rAga hai-jIva ko jaba kabhI jisa-jisa kisI anukUla padArtha meM sukha kI pratIti huI hai yA hotI hai, usameM aura usake nimittoM meM usakI Asakti-prIti ho jAtI hai, usI ko rAga kahate haiN| vAcakavarya zrI umAsvAti kahate haiM-icchA, mUrchA, kAma, sneha, gRddhatA, mamatA, abhinanda-prasannatA aura abhilASA Adi aneka rAga bhAva ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| dvaSavaleza-pAtaMjala yoga-darzana meM likhA hai ki duHkha ke anubhava ke pIche jo ghRNA kI vAsanA citta meM rahatI hai, use dveSa kahate haiN| jina vastuoM athavA sAdhanoM se duHkha pratIta ho, unase jo ghRNA yA krodha ho, unake jo saMskAra citta meM par3e hoM use dveSa-kleza kahate haiM / prazamarati meM likhA hai- "IrSyA, roSa, dveSa, doSa, parivAda, matsara, asUyA, vaira, pracaNDana Adi zabda dvaSabhAva ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiM / pramAda, asmitA aura abhiniveza kA samAveza bhI rAga-dvaSa meM ho jAtA hai| cAra kaSAya ke bAvana nAma kaSAya cAra haiM--krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha / samavAyAMga-52 meM cAra kaSAya rUpa moha ke 52 nAma kahe gae haiM-jina meM krodha ke dasa, mAna ke gyAraha, mAyA ke satraha, aura lobha ke caudaha nAma batAe gae haiM jo isa prakAra haiM krodha-1. krodha, 2. kopa, 3. roSa, 4. doSa, 5. akSamA, 6. saMjvalana, 7. kalaha, 8. cAMDikya, 6. bhaMDaNa aura 10. vivAda / mAna-1. mAna, 2. mada, 3. darpa, 4. stambha, 5. AtmotkarSa, 6. garva, 7. para-parivAda, 8. Akroza, 6. apakarSa, 10. unnata aura 11. unnAma / mAyA-1. mAyA, 2. upAdhi, 3. nikRti, 4. valaya, 5. grahaNa, 6. nyavama, 7. kalka, 8. kurUka, 6. dambha, 10. kUTa, 11. vakratA, 12. kilviSa, 13. anAdaratA, 14. gRhanatA, 15. vaMcanatA, 16. parikuJcanatA, 17. saatiyog| lobha-1. lobha, 2. icchA, 3. mUrchA, 4. kAMkSA, 5. gRddhi, 6. tRSNA, 7. bhidhyA, 8. abhidhyA, 6. kAmAzA. 10. bhogAzA, 11. jIvitAzA, 12. maraNAzA, 13. nandI aura 14. rAga / Asrava aura karmAzaya-Asrava kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA yoga hai| vahI karma kA sambandha karAne vAlA hone ke kAraNa Asrava kahalAtA hai|
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana kaSAya sahita aura rahita AtmA kA yoga kramazaH sAmparAyika aura Ipitha karma kA bandha hetu Asrava hotA hai| jina jIvoM meM krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha Adi kaSAyoM kA udaya ho, vaha kaSAya sahita haiM / pahale se dasaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIva nyUnAdhika mAtrA meM kaSAyasahita haiM aura gyArahaveM-Adi Age ke guNasthAnoM vAle jIva kaSAya rahita haiN| karmAzaya klezamUla pA~ca kleza jisakI jar3a hai, aisI karma kI vAsanA vartamAna aura bhaviSya meM hone vAle donoM janmoM meM bhogA jAne ke yogya hai| jina mahAna yogiyoM ne klezoM ko nirbIja samAdhi dvArA ukhAr3a diyA hai, unake karma niSkAma arthAt vAsanArahita kevala kartavya-mAtra rahate haiM, isalie unako isakA phala bhogya nahIM haiM / jaba klezoM ke saMskAra citta meM jame hoM taba unase sakAma karma utpanna hote haiN| zubha-azubha Asrava-puNya-pApa karma- zubha yoga puNya kA bandha hetu hai aura azubha yoga pApa kA bandhaheta hai| pUNya kA artha hai, jo AtmA ko pavitra kare / azubha-pApa karmoM se malina huI AtmA kramazaH zubha karmoM kA-puNya karmoM kA arjana karatI huI pavitra hotI hai, svaccha hotI hai / AcArya kundakunda likhate haiM-"jisake moha-rAga-dva'Sa hote haiM, usake azubha pariNAma hote haiN| jisake citta prasAda-nirmala citta hotA hai, usake zubha pariNAma hote haiN| jIva ke zubha pariNAma paNya haiM aura azubha pariNAma pApa / zubha-azubha pariNAmoM meM se jIba ke jo karma-vargaNA yogya pudgaloM kA grahaNa hotA hai, vaha kramazaH dravya puNya-dravya pApa hai| yoga darzana ke anusAra "ve janma, Ayu aura bhoga-sukha-duHkha phala ke dene vAle hote haiM, kyoMki unake puNya karma aura pApakarma donoM hI kAraNa haiN|" ATha karmoM meM puNya-pApa-prakRtiyA~ pratyeka AtmA meM sattArUpa se ATha guNa vidyamAna haiM1. ananta jJAna 5. Atmika sukha 2. ananta darzana 6. aTala avagAhana 3. kSAyika samyaktva 7. amUrtikatva 4. anantavIrya 8. aguruladhubhAva karmAvaraNa ke kAraNa ye guNa prakaTa nahIM ho pAte / jIva dvArA bA~dhe jAne vAle ATha karma haiMjJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya, vedanIya, AyuSya, nAma aura gautra-ye hI kramazaH AtmA ke ATha guNoM ko prakaTa hone nahIM dete| karmoM kI mUla prakRtiyoM, uttaraprakRtiyoM meM puNya pApa kA vivecana nimna prakAra milatA
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________________ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana meM karma siddhAnta : ratnalAla jaina uttara prakRtiyA~ pApa prakRtiyAM puNya prakRtiyA~ `mr mUla prakRtiyA~ 1. jJAnAvaraNIya 2. darzanAvaraNIya 3. vedanIya 4. mohanIya 5. AyuSya m lh 1 (asAtA) 1 (sAtA) m h 1 (naraka) 3 (deva, manuSya, tiryanca) 6. nAma 7. gotra 8. antarAya 1 (nIca) 8 (ucca) 1 (ucca) @ m `r h 97 15 puNya-zubha karma hai, kintu akAmya hai, heya hai :-- yogIndu kahate haiM-- "puNya se vaibhava, vaibhava se ahaMkAra, ahaMkAra se buddhinAza aura buddhinAza se pApa hotA hai, ataH hameM vaha nahIM cAhiye / " AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM-"azubha karma kuzIla hai-burA hai aura zubha karma suzIla hai - acchA hai, aisA jagat mAnatA hai / parantu jo prANI ko saMsAra meM praveza karAtA hai, vaha zubha karma suzIla, acchA kaise ho sakatA hai ? jaise lohe kI ber3I puruSa ko bA~dhatI hai aura savarNa kI bhI bA~dhatI hai, usI taraha zubha aura azubha kRta karma jIva ko bA~dhate haiM / ataH jIva ! tU donoM kUzIloM se prIti athavA saMsarga mata kara / kuzIla ke sAtha saMsarga aura rAga se jIva kI svAdhInatA kA vinAza hotA hai / jo jIva paramArtha se dUra haiM, ve ajJAna se puNya ko acchA mAnakara usakI kAmanA karate haiN| para puNya saMsAra gamana kA hetu hai, ataH tU puNya karma meM prIti mata kr|" puNya kAmya nahIM hai / puNya kI kAmanA para-samaya hai / yogIndu kahate haiM-"ve puNya kisa kAma ke jo rAjya dekara jIva ko du.kha paramparA kI ora dhakela deN| Atma-darzana kI khoja meM lagA huA vyakti mara jAe-yaha acchA hai, kintu Atmadarzana kI khoja se vimukha hokara puNya cAhe vaha acchA nahIM hai|" ____ sukhaprada karmAzaya bhI duHkha hai-maharSi pataMjali likhate haiM-"pariNAma-duHkha, pApa-duHkha aura saMskAra-duHkha-ye tIna prakAra ke duHkha saba meM vidyamAna rahane ke kAraNa aura tInoM guNoM kI vRttiyoM meM paraspara virodha hone ke kAraNa vivekI puruSa ke liye saba ke saba karmaphala duHkha rUpa hI hai / " pariNAmaduHkha jo karma vipAka bhoga kAla meM sthUla dRSTi se sukhada pratIta hotA hai, usakA pariNAma duHkha hI hai| jaise strI prasaMga ke samaya manuSya ko sukha bhAsatA hai, parantu usakA pariNAma-bala, vIrya, teja, smRti Adi kA hrAsa pratyakSa dekhane meM AtA hai / isI prakAra dUsare bhogoM meM bhI samajha lenA cAhiye / gItA meM bhI kahA hai-"jo sukha viSaya aura indriyoM ke saMyoga se hotA hai, vaha yadyapi bhoga kAla meM amRta ke sadRza bhAsatA hai, parantu pariNAma meM viSa ke tulya hai, isaliye vaha sukha rAjasa kahA gayA hai|" vivekI puruSa pariNAma-duHkha, tApa-duHkha, saMskAra-duHkha tathA guNavRttiyoM ke nirodha se hone vAle duHkha ko viveka ke dvArA samajhatA hai / usakI dRSTi meM sabhI karma vipAka duHkha rUpa hai / sAdhAraNa janasamudAya jina bhogoM ko sukharUpa samajhatA hai vivekI ke liye ve bhI duHkha hI haiN| gItA meM likhA hai-"indriyoM aura viSayoM ke saMyoga se utpanna hone vAle jitane bhI bhoga haiM, ve saba ke saba duHkha ke hI kAraNa haiN|" jJAnI kahate haiM--kAma-bhoga zalyarUpa haiM, viSarUpa haiM, jahara ke sadRza haiN|
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana saMvara--prAstrava kA nirodha, yoga-citta vRtti kA nirodha saMvara-vAcaka umAsvAti likhate haiM--"Asrava-dvAra kA nirodha karanA saMvara hai|" AcArya pUjyapAda likhate haiM- "jo zubha-azubha karmoM ke Agamana ke liye dvAra rUpa hai, vaha Asrava hai, jisakA lakSaNa Asrava kA nirodha karanA hai, vaha saMvara hai|" / AcArya hemacandra sUri kA kathana hai-"jo sarva AsravoM ke nirodha kA hetu hai, use saMvara kahate haiN|" "jisa taraha naukA meM chidroM se jala praveza pAtA hai aura chidroM ko rUdha dene para thor3A bhI jala praviSTa nahIM hotA, vaise hI yogAdi AsravoM ko sarvataH avaruddha kara dene para saMvRta jIva ke pradezoM meM karma dravyoM kA praveza nahIM hotaa|" yoga cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha- maharSi pataMjali likhate haiM---yogazcittavRttinirodhaH, "citta kI vattiyoM kA rokanA yoga hai / " citta kI vRttiyA~ jo bAhara ko jAtI haiM, una bahirmukha vRttiyoM ko sAMsArika viSayoM se haTAkara usase ulTA arthAt antarmukha karake apane kAraNa citta meM lIna kara denA yoga hai| citta mAno agAdha paripUrNa sAgara kA jala hai| jisa prakAra vaha pRthvI ke sambandha se khAr3I, jhIla Adi ke Antarika tadAkAra pariNAma ko prApta hotA hai, usI prakAra citta Antara-rAga-dveSa kAmakrodha, lobha-moha, bhaya Adi rUpa AkAra se pariNata hotA rahatA hai tathA jisa prakAra vAyu Adi ke vega se jalarUpI taraMga uThatI haiM, isI prakAra citta indriyoM dvArA bAhya viSayoM se AkarSita hokara una jaise AkAroM meM pariNata hotA rahatA hai / ye saba citta kI vRttiyA~ kahalAtI haiM, jo ananta haiM aura pratikSaNa udaya hotI rahatI haiN| __ "vRttiyA~ pA~ca prakAra kI haiM- kliSTa arthAt rAga-dvaSAdi klezoM kI hetu aura akliSTa arthAt rAga-dvaSAdi klezoM kA nAza karane vAlI / " "pA~ca prakAra kI vRttiyA~ isa prakAra haiM-pramANa, viparyaya, vikalpa, nidrA aura smRti / " pA~ca mahAvrata evaM pA~ca sArvabhauma yama jainadarzana meM AtmasAdhanA-Asravanirodha ke liye pA~ca mahAvratoM kI pAlanA ke liye vidhAna hai, isI prakAra yoga-darzana meM yoga kI sAdhanA ke liye pA~ca sArvabhauma yamoM kI pratiSThA kI gaI hai| hiMsA, asatya, corI, maithuna aura parigraha se (mana, vacana aura kAya dvArA) nivRtta honA vrata hai| "ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha-ye pA~ca yama haiN|" mana se, vacana se aura zarIra se (karma se) sabhI prANiyoM kI kisI prakAra se (karanA, karAnA, anumodana karanA) hiMsA-kaSTa na pahu~cAnA ahiMsA hai / "bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai-he mAnava ! tU dUsare jIvoM kI AtmA ko bhI apanI hI AtmA ke samAna samajhakara hiMsA kArya meM pravRtta na ho....."| he puruSa ! jise tU mArane kI icchA karatA hai, vicAra kara, vaha tere jaisA hI sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karane vAlA prANI hai| jo hiMsA karatA hai usakA phala bAda meM vaisA hI bhoganA par3atA hai| ataH manuSya kisI bhI prakAra prANI kI hiMsA karane kI kAmanA na kre|" isI prakAra satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvatoM, yamoM kI tIna karaNa va tIna yogamana, vacana aura kAya se pAlanA karanI cAhie /
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________________ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana meM karma-siddhAnta : ratnalAla jaina nirjarA ke bAraha bheda, aSTAMga yoga : nirjarA-tapa-bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai-jisa taraha jala Ane ke mArga ko roka dene para bar3A tAlAba pAnI ke ulIce jAne aura sUrya ke tApa se kramazaH sUkha jAtA hai, usI prakAra Asrava-pApa karma . ke praveza mArgoM ko roka dene vAle saMyamI puruSa ke karor3oM janmoM ke saMcita karma tapa ke dvArA jIrNa hokara jhar3a jAte haiM / nirjarA tapa ke bAraha (chaha bahiraMga aura chaha Abhyantara) aMga haiM1. anazana upavAsa Adi tapa 2. UnodarI kama khAnA, mitAhAra 3. bhikSAcarI jIvana nirvAha ke sAdhanoM kA saMyama 4. rasa-parityAga sarasa ahAra kA parityAga 5. kAyakleza AsanAdi kriyAe~ 6. pratisaMlInatA indriyoM ko viSayoM se haTAkara antarmukhI karanA 7. prAyazcitta pUrvakRta doSa vizuddha karanA 8. vinaya-- namratA 6. vaiyAvRtya sAdhakoM ko sahayoga denA 10. svAdhyAya paThana-pAThana 11. dhyAna cittavRttiyoM ko sthira karanA 12. vyutsarga zarIra kI pravRtti ko roknaa| aSTAMga yoga-maharSi pataMjali ne likhA hai- "yoga ke aMgoM kA anuSThAna karane se--AcaraNa karane se azuddhi kA nAza hone para jJAna kA prakAza vivekakhyAti taka prApta hotA hai|" yoga darzana meM yoga ke ATha aMga mAne gaye haiM1. yama 2. niyama 3. Asana 4. prANAyAma 5. pratyAhAra 6. dhAraNA 7. dhyAna 8. samAdhi / yama-ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aura aparigraha ye pA~ca yama haiN| niyama-zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya aura Izvara praNidhAna-ye pA~ca niyama haiN| Asana-nizcala-halana-calana se rahita sukhapUrvaka baiThane kA nAma Asana hai / prANAyAma-zvAsa aura prazvAsa kI gati kA niyamana prANAyAma hai| pratyAhAra-apane viSayoM ke sambandha se rahita hone para indriyoM kA citta ke svarUpa meM tadAkAra ho jAnA pratyAhAra hai| dhAraNA-kisI eka deza meM citta ko ThaharAnA dhAraNA hai| dhyAna-citta meM vRtti kA ekatAra calanA dhyAna hai| samAdhi-jaba dhyAna meM kevala dhyeya mAtra kI pratIti hotI hai aura citta kA nija svarUpa zUnya sA ho jAtA hai, taba vahI dhyAna samAdhi ho jAtA hai| kevalajJAna aura viveka janya jJAna aura mokSa kevalajJAna-~-vAcaka umAsvAti likhate haiM-"moha karma ke kSaya se tathA jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya karmoM ke kSaya se kevalajJAna prakaTa hotA hai|
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana pratibandhaka karma cAra haiM, ina meM se prathama mohanIya karma kSINa hotA hai, tadantara antarmuhUrta bAda hI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya-ina tIna karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| isa prakAra mokSa prApta hone se pahale kevala upayoga-sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM prakAra kA sampUrNa bodha prApta hotA hai / yahI sthiti sarvajJatva aura sarvadazitva kI hai| vivekajanya tAraka jJAna maharSi pataMjali likhate haiM-"jo saMsAra samudra se tArane vAlA hai, saba viSayoM ko, saba prakAra se jAnane vAlA hai, aura binA krama ke jAnane vAlA hai, vaha viveka janita jJAna hai|" "buddhi aura puruSa-ina donoM kI jaba samabhAva se zuddhi ho jAtI hai, taba kaivalya hotA hai|" isa prakAra bandhahetuoM ke abhAva aura nirjarA se karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya hotA hai| sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya honA hI mokSa hai| patA-galI Arya samAja jaina dharmazAlA ke pAsa hAMsI (hisAra) 125033 nAva rahegI to pAnI meM hI rahegI / Apa aura hamako, jaba taka mokSa nahIM hogA""mokSa kI sAdhanA saMsAra meM rahakara hI karanI hogI / saMsAra itanA burA nahIM hai| tIrthaMkara, santa, sAdhupuruSa, saba isa saMsAra meM hI to janme haiM / unhoMne saMsAra meM rahakara hI to sAdhanA kI hai| yahIM rahakara tIrthaMkara bane, santa bane, mahApuruSa bane, brahmacArI bane, sadAcArI bane / saca to yaha hai ki bAhya saMsAra itanA burA nahIM hai| andara kA saMsAra burA hai / saMsAra burA nahIM hai, saMsAra kA bhAva burA hai / hama saMsAra meM bhale raheM, kintu saMsAra hamAre andara nahIM rahanA cAhie / saMsAra kA andara rahanA hI burA hai| pApa kA kAraNa hai, karma-bandhana kA hetu hai| nAva pAnI meM rahatI hai, baiThane vAle ko tirAtI hai, svayaM bhI tiratI hai| jaba taka nAva pAnI ke Upara bahatI rahatI hai, taba taka baiThane vAle ko koI khatarA nahIM / nAva pAnI meM bhale rahe, kintu pAnI nAva meM nahIM rahanA cAhie, nahIM bharanA caahie| jaba pAnI nAva meM bharanA zurU ho jAtA hai taba khatarA paidA ho jAtA hai| nAva ke DUbane kA Dara rahatA hai| marane kI sthiti A jAtI hai, kyoMki nAva pAnI se bhArI ho gaI hai| -AcArya zrI jinakAntisAgara sUri ('uTha jAga musAphira bhora bhaI' pustaka se) Wan khaNDa 4/8