Dhyan ka Shastriya Adhyayan

Author(s): N L Jain
Publisher: Z_Jaganmohanlal_Pandit_Sadhuwad_Granth_012026.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211222/1

Page #1
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa ena0 ela0 jaina jaina kendra, rIvA, ma0pra0 prastAvanA tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke vaijJAnika yuga meM samAna vicAroM, dhArAoM evaM paddhatiyoM kI pArabhASika zabdAvalI kI vividhatA jijJAsuoM ke adhyayana ke samaya eka vyavadhAna ke rUpa meM sAmane AtI hai| satrahavIM-aThArahavIM sadI meM yaha pAyA gayA ki jJAna ke vikAsa kI samagra pragati kI dara isase paryApta rUpa meM prabhAvita hotI hai| vaijJAnikoM ne to pAribhASika zabdAvalI kI ekarUpatA kA vikAsa kara apanI pragati meM cAra cA~da lagAye haiM, para dArzanikoM evaM pUrvI vidvAnoM kI bAta nirAlI hai / unheM vividha rUpatA meM hI ekarUtA ke darzana hote haiM cAhe vaha sAmAnya jana ke liye kitanI hI abodhagamya kyoM na pratIta hotI hoN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jahA~ vaijJAnika jagata vizva maMca para vikasita ho rahA hai, vahI dArzanika maMca yathAsthiti meM par3A hai| isIliye bhAratIya dharma aura darzana aitihAsika adhika hote jA rahe haiN| yaha tathya dhyAna ke nirUpaNa se bhI bhalIbhAMti prakaTa hotA hai| yaha prasannatA kI bAta hai ki bIsavIM sadI meM isa dizA meM vicArAtmaka evaM prakriyAtmaka vikAsa ke kucha lakSaNa dikhAI de rahe haiN| yaha sujJAta hai ki hindU, jaina aura bauddha vicAra dhArA meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa, carama sukha kI prApti yA nirvANa ke liye dhyAna eka Avazyaka prakriyA hai| yaha vyakti kI vahirmukhI dRSTi ko antarmukhI banAtA hai / use udAsIna dRSTA banAkara sukhAnubhUti kA mArga prazasta karanA hai| para prArambhika jaina zAstroM meM ise loka vipazyanA (zarIra darzana yA zodhana) yA saMprekSA ke nAma se batAyA gayA hai| bauddhoM ne ise vipazyanA yA samAdhi kahA hai| yogazAstra ise dhyAna yoga tA hai| yadyapi sAmAnya jana ko yoga, dhyAna evaM samAdhi jaise zabda samAnArthaka se lagate haiM, para zAstroM meM inake bhinna-bhinna artha haiN| siddha sena gaNi ne yoga ke chaha paryAyavAcI batAye haiM jinameM dhyAna aura samAdhi bhI samAhita hai| sAmAnyataH dhyAna yoga kA eka aMga hai aura usase samAdhi yA sthitaprajJatA AtI hai| phalataH yoga dhyAna aura samAdhi ko samAhita karatA hai| yoga zabda kA artha yoga zabda kA pAribhASika artha pratyeka vicAra dhArA meM bhinna hai| jaina ise mana, vacana va zarIra kI kriyAoM, pravRttiyoM ke yA Asrava ke rUpa meM batAte haiN| isake ThIka viparIta, yogazAstra ise citta kI vRttiyoM ke nirodha yA kendraNa ke rUpa meM vyakta karate haiN| bauddha mana, vacana, kAya ke sa-sthita hone se prApta bodha ko yoga kahate haiN| yahI nahIM. jainoM ke prAcIna granthoM meM bhI isa zabda ke aneka artha milate haiN| zivAyaM ke TIkAkAra ne isakA artha kAyakleza, tapa aura dhyAna kiyA hai| sUtra kRtAMga,samavAyAMga, dazavakAlika, uttarAdhyayana va Avazyaka sUtra meM bhI aneka arthoM meM isakA upayoga hai| arthApatti se hI hama isakA sahI artha mAna sakate haiN|

Page #2
114 paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa vyAkaraNa ke anusAra bhI, 'yujira' aura 'yuj' dhAtu se bananevAle yoga zabda ke do artha hote haiM inameM se eka artha to samAdhi hotA hai| para sAmAnya vyavahAra meM yoga zabda jor3a, milana, bandhana, saMyoga Adi kI bhautika kriyAoM kA nirUpaka hai| isa daSTi se jaina-sammata artha adhika upayukta pratIta hotA hai| yoga kA eka anya artha jotanA bhI hai jisake binA acchI AdhyAtmika pragati na ho ske| sAraNI meM vibhinna bhAratIya paddhatiyoM meM yoga zabda ke artha diye gaye haiN| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki yoga zabda kI arthayAtrA AdhyAtmika vicAra dhArA ke vikAsa ke sAtha bhautika kriyAoM se prArambha hokara AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI prakriyAoM meM vilIna hotI hai| isIliye jainoM ne pratyeka tattva ko bhautika (dravya) aura AdhyAtmika (bhAva) rUpa meM vargIkRta kara vivaraNa diye haiN| saarnnii| se spaSTa hai ki anya paddhatiyoM meM, paddhati samakakSa pAribhASika zabda veda upaniSad gItA yoga darzana bauddha jaina sAraNI 1 : yoga zabda ke artha artha jor3anA, indriya vRtti, indriya niyantraNa brahma se sAkSAtkAra karAne vAlI kriyA karma karane kI kuzalatA citta vRtti nirodha bodhi prApti (i) mana, vacana, zarIra kI pravRtti (ii) AtmAzaktivikAsI kriyA (haribhadra) jor3anA, samAdhi, jotanA yoga yoga, karmayoga yoga samAdhi yoga, Asrava yoga, samAdhi, dhyAna vyAkaraNa goga zabda kA artha jainoM kI mUla mAnyatA se bhinna hai| uttaravartI jainAcAryoM ne artha-samakakSatA pradAna kI hai| sAmAnya jana meM bhI yahI artha rUr3ha hai| isake mUla artha kA adhyAtmIkaraNa ho gayA hai aura ise AtmA-paramAtmA ke milana ke rUpa meM taka prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| yaha svAbhAvika hai ki yoga kA RNAtmaka (vibhedAtmaka) artha bhI pAyA jaave| isaliye bahirmukhI dRSTi ke nirodha aura antarmukhI dRSTi kI jAgRti ke rUpa meM ise vyakta kiyA jAtA hai| vastutaH yoga abhyAsa se zarIra, vacana evaM mana ke dUSita mala bAhara ho jAte haiM aura antarmukhI UrjA prakaTa hotI hai / isake viparyAsa meM, yogI zabda kA artha prAyaH sabhI paddhatiyoM meM ekasA hI mAnA jAtA hai| yaha eka vizeSa prakAra ke a-sAmAnya evaM AdhyAtmika zakti sampanna vyaktitva kA nirUpaka hai| yoga ke samAna hI saMyama zabda bhI hai| yoga darzana meM isakA artha dhAraNA, dhyAna evaM samAdhi kI zrayo se liyA jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM samyak prakAra se vratAdi ke pAlana ke liye indriya evaM prANiyoM kI pIr3A ke parihAra ke prayala se liyA jAtA hai| bauddha ke yahA~ yaha 'zIla' ho jAtA hai| phira bhI, yaha sabhI jAnate haiM ki saMyama aura yoga paraspara sambandhita hai| dhyAna bhI isI prakAra kA eka mahatvapUrNa zabda hai| bauddha darzana meM zola, samAdhi evaM prajJA kI trayo meM dhyAna aura samAdhi samAnArthaka Thaharate haiN| yoga darzana meM dhyAna samagra aSTAMga yoga kA eka ucca starIya ghaTaka hai| jaina darzana meM yaha saMvara evaM nirjarA kA eka ghaTaka hai| dhyAna ko ekAlambanI citta vRtti yA citta vRtti ko ekatAnatA kI paribhASA se pataMjala yoga tathA jaina saMvara-nirjarA prAyaH samAnArthI lagate haiN| para inake aneka vivaraNoM meM bhinnatA pAI jAtI hai| isa bhinnatA ke bAvajUda bhI donoM ke pariNAma eka samAna hote haiN|

Page #3
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 115 yoga ke samAna dhyAna ke bhI aneka paryAyavAcI zabda haiM jinameM sAmyabhAva, samarasIbhAva, buddhi-rodha, antaH sallInatA, savIjatA, samAdhi, svAnta nigraha Adi pramukha haiM / ina nAmoM se spaSTa haiM ki inameM adhikAMza dhyAna ke phala hI hai / jainAcAra evaM pravRtti kSetra meM, prArambhika grantha meM yoga zabda svatantra rUpa se nahIM pAyA jAtA / vahA~ dhyAna kehI sphuTa vivaraNa milate haiN| ise sAdhu dharma kA zIrSa kahA gayA hai / uttaravartI samaya meM yoga kI parivaddhita evaM samakakSa paribhASA ke anusAra usa para aneka grantha likhe gaye / Aja sthiti yaha hai ki dhyAna ke sAta granthoM kI tulanA meM yoga para 16-26 granthoM kI sUcI TATiyA aura dige ne dI hai| aneka granthoM meM dhyAna aura yoga donoM ko milAkara dhyAna yoga kA varNana milatA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki uttaravartI AcAryoM para pataMjala yoga kI mahattA aura vyApakatA kA itanA prabhAva par3A ki unhoMne dhyAna ke badale yoga para hI grantha likhe jinameM dhyAna kA bhI varNana milatA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha rahA ki donoM paramparAoM meM ina donoM zabdoM kI paribhASA samAnArthI ho gaI / phira, jainoM ne sadaiva deza, kAla va kSetra kI paramparAoM ko udAratA pUrvaka samAhita kiyA hai / yaha tathya 'pratyakSa' zabda kI parivardhita paribhASA tathA 'pramANa' zabda kI samaya-samaya para saMzodhita paribhASAoM se spaSTa hotA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina granthoM meM bhI pataMjala ke aSTAMga yogoM ke AdhAra para vivaraNa pAye jAte haiM / aneka vivaraNa vikasita rUpa meM bhI haiM / sadoM aura usake bAda ke hI haiM / para ye vivaraNa 7-8vIM dhyAna sambandhI prArambhika vivaraNa hameM AcArAMga, sthAnAMga evaM bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 'saMpakkhie appagamappayeNa' ke siddhAnta para AdhArita kAyotsarga mudrA, nAsAgra dRSTi evaM ukaDUM Asana Adi ke rUpa meM milatA hai / ye sabhI prakriyAyeM yoga darzana meM bhI haiM / jaina dhyAna sAhitya ke lekhaka AcAryoM meM kuMdakuMda, zivArya, pUjyapAda, haribhadra, zubhacandra, hemacandra, yazovijaya gaNi Adi pramukha haiM / isa viSaya meM vartamAna yuga meM upAdhyAya amara muni, AcArya tulasI, yuvAcArya mahAprajJa aura unake sahayogI sAdhuvRnda, AcArya hastImala evaM kucha zodhakartAoM ne acchA sAhitya prastuta kiyA hai / tulasI jI aura hastImala jI ne kramazaH prekSA dhyAna evaM samIkSaNa-dhyAna ke nAma se dhyAna ko pratiSThita kara ise vyaktigata yA mAtra sAdhu - jIvana kI prakriyA ke badale sAmUhika prakriyA ke rUpa meM vikasita kara isakI vyApakatA evaM upayogitA ko hI nahIM, apitu isakI vaijJAnikatA ko bhI paripuSTa kiyA hai| isase dharma kI mAtra vyakti vikAsinI vicAradhArA ko samUha vikAsinI vRtti ke rUpa meM pariNata hone kA avasara milA hai / dhyAna kI zAstrIya paribhASA 3] vyAvahArika hai| usane nirviSayatA ke sthAna para 'tatradiyA / isase viparyAsa meM, jaina AgamoM meM zarIra prekSA dhyAna zabda 'dhyai' saMprasAraNe, pravAhe yA dhyAne dhAtu kA lyuT pratyayI rUpa hai / isase zarIra aura mana kI vRttiyoM ke samucita dizA meM prasAraNa pravAha yA avasthAna ke prakrama ko dhyAna mAnA jA sakatA hai / ise AdhyAtmika arthoM meM sAMkhya ne 'dhyAnaM nirviSayaM manaH' mAnA hai / pAtaMjala isase adhika eka tAnatA dhyAnaM' kaha kara lakSya prApti kI ora iMgita kara aura samprekSA (aMtaraMga prekSA) ko dhyAna kA rUpa batAyA hai / Agamika AcArya dhyAna ko zArIrika evaM mAnasika niyaMtraNa evaM santulana kA sAdhana mAnate haiM / isIliye ve kAyotsarga aura vipazyanA ke antargata sUkSma AnaprANa labdhi tathA mahAprANa dhyAna kA bhI ullekha karate haiM / vastutaH Agama yuga meM yaha mAnyatA rahI hogI ki manovRttiyoM kI ekAgratA binA zarIra zodhana ke nahIM ho sakatI / zivArya bhI Agama yuga kI mAnyatAoM ke samarthaka pratIta hote haiM / Agamika dhAraNAoM ke viparyAsa meM, kuMda-kuMda apane pravacanasAra aura niyamasAra meM vacanoM evaM cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha kara pUrNa antarmukho hone kI prakriyA ko dhyAna mAnate haiM / yaha pratikramaNa kA sarvottama sAdhana hai / jIvana-zodhaka hai| dhyAna se samavRttitA utpanna hotI hai / yaha yogakarma ke abhAva meM hI sambhava hai / pravacanasAra meM darzana aura jJAna ke vikAsa kI prakriyA ko ho dhyAna kahA gayA hai /

Page #4
116 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa kundakunda kI paramparA kA anusaraNa karate hue umAsvAti ne jaina paramparAgata dhyAna kI paribhASA ko sarvAdhika spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai| unake anusAra, dhyAna saMvara tatva (sAta meM se pAMcavAM, sam-acchI vRttiyoM kI ora vara-gati karane kI vRtti) ke chaha mukhya ghaTakoM ke sattAvana bhedoM meM tapa nAmaka dharma ke antaraMga chaha bhedoM meM antima prakAra hai : saMvaratapa- antaraMga tapa-dhyAna / inakI paribhASA yogasUtra ke ati nikaTa AtI hai| unhoMne 'ekAgracintAnirodho dhyAnaM' kahA hai| akalaMka ne antaHkaraNa yA cittavRtti ko cintA mAnA hai, sthirIkaraNa yA avasthAna ko nirodha mAnA hai / agra zabda se dizA, padArtha, caitanya, AtmA yA lakSya kA grahaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra, citta kI vRtti ko eka dizA, padArtha yA AtmA meM sthiratApUrvaka avasthita karane kI prakriyA ko dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ 'agra' yoga ke deza zabda kA tathA bandha yA 'ekatAnatA' ko cintAnirodha kA samakakSa mAnanA cAhiye / pUjyapAda ne nizcalarUpa se avabhAsamAna jJAna ko dhyAna kahA hai| yaha umAsvAmi ke mata kA phalitArtha hI hai| vastutaH sAmAnya jJAna sadaiva anizcita hotA hai| isase hama jJAna aura dhyAna meM antara kara sakate haiN| samantamadra bho dhyAna kI antarmukhI paribhASA ko hI mAnyatA dete hai| rAmasena ne bhI Atmatatva ko SaTkArakamaya mAnakara dhyeya meM sthira hone kI vRtti ko dhyAna kahA hai| abhayadeva sari ne daDha adhyavasAya ko dhyAna kahA hai| zubhacandra dhyAna ko antaHkaraNa zodhaka evaM viveka jAgRta karane vAlA mAnate haiN| lekina unhoMne yoga ke aSTAMga ko svIkRta karate hue usakA vivaraNa diyA hai| unakA anusaraNa hemacandra ne bhI kiyA hai| dhyAna ko isa rUpa meM varNita karane kI paramparA vastutaH haribhadra ne prArambha kI thii| inake pUrvavartI siddhasena divAkara bhI zarIra. prANa evaM mana ko santulita karane kI kriyA se prApta ekAgratA ko dhyAna mAnate haiN| parantu akalaMka prANApAnanirodha aura usake parigaNana ko dhyAna kA rUpa nahIM mAnate / __ vastutaH yaha sabhI mAnate haiM ki mana, buddhi, citta bar3A caMcala aura kSaNa-kSaNa parivartI hotA hai| usakI isa vRtti kA kAraNa jJAnendriya, karmendriya, pariveza, saskAra evaM bhAvanAe~ Adi haiM / yaha parivartitA vyakti ko aneka prakAra se prabhAvita karatI hai| yaha usa siddhAnta ke anukUla nahIM hai jahA~ yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki eka dravya dUsare ko prabhAvita nahIM krtaa| isase usakI Antarika zakti kA apavyaya hotA hai| isa parivartitA ko ekamakho tathA sthiratA pradAna karane se na kevala UrjA kA apavyaya bacatA hai, apitu vaha saMcita hokara aneka lAbhakArI pariNAma bhI prakaTa karatI hai| citta kI yaha ekAgratA Alambana yA nirAlambana dhyAna ke abhyAsa se AtI hai / jaina zAstroM meM kAlakrama se varNita dhyAna kI uparokta paribhASAoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki Agamika kAla kI dhyAna kI zArIrika, mAnasika evaM bhAvanAtmaka vRttiyoM ko ekAgratA kI paribhASA kundakunda yuga se lagabhaga pAMca sau varSa taka mAtra mAnasika ekAgratA kI vicAradhArA ke rUpa meM clii| prAyaH 7-8vIM sadI meM yaha paribhASA punaH vistRta haI aura Agamika mAnyatA ke anusAra vyApaka bno| yahI paribhASA aba pracalita hai| isase dhyAna ke kSetra kI vyApakatA aura lokapriyatA meM vRddhi huI hai| phalataH aba hama dhyAna ko zarIra, mana evaM cita ko vRttiyoM ke niyantraNa, sthirIkaraNa ke prayatnoM ke rUpa meM mAna sakate haiN| sAmAnya jana ke mana meM dhyAna aura usakI prakriyA ko gUr3hatA hI basI huI hai| phalataH ve ise apane vaza kI bAta na mAna kara ise samajhane kA prayAsa ho nahIM karanA caahte| isaliye bhagavatI ArAdhanA aura jJAnArNava ke AcAyA~ ne dhyAna ko sahaja rUpa meM samajhane ke liye aneka upamAnoM dvArA usakA vivecana kiyA hai| ye sAraNI 2 meM diye gaye haiN| ina upamAnoM se dhyAna ke uddezya va sAdhyoM kA acchA jJAna hotA hai aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM usakI mahattA siddha hotI hai| ina upamAnoM ke AdhAra para dhyAna indriya, kaSAya, pApa, karma, moha, rAga Adi azubha pravRttiyoM para niyantraNa kara sAmyabhAva prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai / yaha vyakti evaM usake parivezo saMsAra ko sukhamaya banAtA hai|

Page #5
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 117 kArya sAraNI 2 : dhyAna ke upamAna upamAna saMdarbha 1. kor3A indriya kaSAya ghor3oM para niyantraNa bhagavatI ArAdhanA 2. zakti indriya-bANoM kA vAraNa gAthA 841-43 3. agni jIva-lauha zuddha hotA hai, karma-dhRta jalatA hai, pApa-vana naSTa gAthA 1392, 97 hotA hai, kaSAya zIta zAMta hotA hai gAthA 1886-96 4. bajra pApa vRkSa ko kATatA hai samayasAra : 233 5. kavaca kaSAya-yoddhA se rakSA karatA hai (iii) mAnArNava : 1/23, 6-7. Ayudha, khaGga kaSAya yoddhA/moha zatru ko naSTa karatA hai 13/3, 5, 6/28 / 8. sUrya rAgAdi andhakAra ko dUra karatA hai (iv) Atmaprabodha : 39, 49 9. jahAja saMsAra-sAgara ko pAra karatA hai 10. amRta moha nidrA nAza, samatva lakSmI prApti 11. yaSTi kaSAya-zatru se rakSA 12. bala kaSAya senA ko jItatA hai 13. chAyA kaSAya dhUpa kA zamana 14. sarovara kaSAya-dAha kA zamana 15. garbhagRha kaSAya-vAyu kA avarodha 16. auSadhi kaSAya-roga zamana 17. dugdhapAna kaSAya-roga nAza 18. anna viSaya bhUkha kA zamana 19. naukA avidyA nadI ko pAra karanA 20. zItala jaladhArA AtmazAMti lAtA hai| dhyAna kA viziSTa vivaraNa dhyAna kI paribhASA ke sAtha hI, aneka granthoM meM usakA aneka zIrSakoM ke antargata vistRta vivaraNa pAyA jAtA hai / dhyAna kA adhikArI kauna hai (dhyAtA) ? dhyAna kA dhyeya (Alambana, lakSya) kyA hai ? dhyAna ke prakAra (bheda) aura prakriyA kyA hai ? dhyAna kA phala kyA hai ? dhyAna kAla kyA hai ? ina praznoM kA uttara hI dhyAtA, dhyAna, dhyeya, dhyAnaphala evaM kAla zIrSakoM ke antargata diyA jAtA hai| kahIM-kahIM ina zIrSakoM kI saMkhyA ATha taka dI gaI hai| hama apanA nirUpaNa pA~ca zIrSakoM meM kreNge| (a) dhyAna kA adhikArI, dhyAtA : (1) pravRttiyoM kA AdhAra jaina zAstroM meM dhyAtA saMbaMdhI carcA manovRtti, saMhanana evaM guNasthAnoM ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai / prAcIna zAstrIya mAnyatA ke anusAra, dhyAna vahI kara sakatA hai jo mumukSu ho, saMyamI ho, jisake zarIra ke asthibaMdha ( saMhanana) uttama hoM, vAsanA se nilipta, jitendriya, dhIra aura manovazo ho / saMkSepa meM, jo zubha pravRttiyoM kI ora unmukha hai, vaha dhyAna kara sakatA hai| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se cauthe se caudahaveM caraNa kA vyakti dhyAna kA adhikArI hai / yaha bhI sAmAnya dhAraNA hai ki aisA vikAsa sAdhucaryA se hI saMbhava hai / ataH sAmAnyataH sAdhumArgI hI

Page #6
118 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa dhyAna ke adhikArI haiM / kunda-kunda ne kahA hai ki yogI hI dhyAna kara sakate haiN| isakA kAraNa unake Atmika vikAsa kI kSamatA evaM koTi hI hai / zubhacandra ke anusAra dhyAtA uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya koTi ke ho sakate haiN| sAmAnyataH dhyAtA ko jJAnI bhI honA cAhiye / prAcInakAla meM dazapUrvadharoM evaM bIjabuddhi dhArakoM ko paramadhyAnI mAnA jAtA thA / vartamAnakAla meM pAMca samiti va tona gupti vAle kevala tIsare dhyAna ke adhikArI hai| sAmAnya gRhastha, mithyAdRSTi, asthiramati muni, aThAraha vikriyAoM ke abhyAsI tathA kaMdI Adi paMca bhAvanAoM kI manovatti ke loga dhyAna ke adhikArI nahIM hote| yaha to patA nahIM ki AgamakAla kI IsApavaM sadiyoM meM aise pratibaMdha the yA nahIM, para vartamAna meM ina pratibaMdhoM para punarvicAra Avazyaka hai / sabhI koTiyoM ke vyakti anazana-Adi vAhya tapa to karate hI haiM jo antaraMga tapa evaM dhyAna ke lie mArga prazasta karate haiM / vastutaH tapa aura dhyAna kI prakriyA una logoM ke lie Avazyaka prazikSaNa kA kArya karegI jinakA citta evaM kriyAeM bahumukhataH calAyamAna rahatI haiN| unheM hI saMsAra kI duHkhamayatA ko vRtti ko sukhamayatA kI ora parivartita karanA hai / vastutaH isa viSaya meM gRhastha kI bhartsanA anucita hI kahI jaayegii| yaha kathana dharma aura zukla dhyAna kI dRSTi se mAnane para bhI dravya saMgraha meM to gRhastha ko apavAdarUpeNa dharma dhyAna svIkRta kiyA hI gayA hai| phira gRhastha to sAdhuoM kA pAlaka, rakSaka, saMvardhaka aura niyantraka hai / vahI to Age calakara sAdhu hone vAlA hai| Ata-rodra dhyAnI gahastha ke lie sAdhaoM ke prati ye kartavya kaise sambhava hai ? kyA vaha sAdhuoM ko samadhyAnI nahIM banAyegA jaisA Aja ho rahA hai| umAsvAmI ne samyaka daSTi, zrAvaka evaM atI kI nirjarA kA saMketa diyA hai| yaha nijarA binA tapa aura dhyAna ke kaise hogI? yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki akAma nirjarA sabhI ko ho sakatI hai, para sakAma nirjarA (karmakSaya hetuka) sAdhu ko hI hotI hai| akAma nirjarA ke antargata ihalaukika, pAralaukika, yaza-kIti prerita uddezyoM se kiye gaye tapa aura dhyAna Ate haiN| yaha mithyA dRSTi-sahita sabhI ko ho sakatI hai| ataH vaha bhI dhyAna kA adhikArI hai| prekSAdhyAna yA yoga ko dRSTi se to AjakAla tapa ke vibhinna rUpoM ke abhyAsa dvArA aparAdhiyoM kI manovRsiyoM meM parivartana, bAlakoM meM naitikatA va sakriyatA kA vikAsa. sevA nivatti. sAmAnya yA jIvana se nirAza vyaktiyoM meM jIvana ke prati utsAha evaM lakSya ke prati jAgarUkatA AtI hai| ataH uparokta pratibandhoM meM kiMcit sudhAra kI AvazyakatA hai| yaha avazya hai ki sabhI loga dhyAna ke uccatara caraNoM ko abhyAsa se hI pA sakate haiN| isa pratibandha ke viSaya meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye mAtra dharma aura zukla dhyAna ke kSetra meM lAga hote haiM. AtaM evaM raudra dhyAna para nhiiN| para dravya saMgraha ke TIkAkAra ke samAna jJAnArNava ke TIkAkAra ne bhI gRhasthoM ke dharma dhyAna utsargataH hI mAnA hai| vastutaH dhyAna koI bhI ho, usakI prakriyA to vahI hai| ye donoM dhyAna aihika uddezyoM ke liye kiye jAte haiN| saMbhavataH ina dhyAnoM ke durUpayoga ke kAraNa uparokta pratibandha lagAye gaye hoN| lekina ina pratibandhoM se sAdhanA mArga kuMThita ho gayA aura Aja usake punaruddhAra kI AvazyakatA A par3I hai| isIliye zAstrI ne umAsvAmI kI dhyAna-paribhASA ke sUtra kI upayuktatA para prazna cihna lagAyA hai| ina pratibandhoM ke nirAkaraNa se samAja, zAyada, adhika lAbhAnvita ho ske| (ii) svasthatA yA saMhanana kA AdhAra yaha sujJAta hai ki dhyAna ke liye viziSTa Asana, samaya tathA manovRtti kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / Asana kI sthira-sukhI paribhASA ke bAvajUda bhI sAmAnya Asana dhyAna mudrA kA preraka nhiiN| isake liye kucha viziSTa Asana Ava. zyaka haiN| ina AsanoM ko viziSTa samaya taka grahaNa karane kA abhyAsa caahiye| yaha abhyAsa kevala ve hI kara sakate haiM jinheM samacita vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai| ina AsanoM ke liye zarIra svastha aura balavAna honA cAhiye / isIliye zAstroM meM usI ko dhyAna kA adhikArI batAyA gayA hai jinake zarIra ke asthibandha, snAyubandha, evaM nADIbandha

Page #7
dhyAna dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 119 / (saMhanana) uttama hoN| digambara AcAryoM ke anusAra, chaha maMhananoM meM se prathama tIna aura zvetAmbara matAnusAra prathama cAra uttama mAne gaye hai| lekina carama AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dazA kevala asAmAnya balazAlI zarIra se hI prApta hotI hai| vartamAna paJcama kAla, chaThA kAla evaM bhAvI utsarpiNI ke chaThe evaM pA~caveM kAla meM Atmika carama vikAsa (nirvANa) yA avanati (saptama naraka) ko zAstrIya sambhAvanA na hone se agale 80-81 hajAra varSoM meM aisA balI zarIra kisI ko prApta nahIM hogaa| sAmAnya manuSya ke saMhanana pA~cavoM evaM chaThI zreNI ke hote haiN| Asana evaM prANAyAma ke abhyAsa se inameM parivartana saMbhava hotA hai kyoMki inase zarIra kI antaraMga UrjA bar3ha jAtI hai| isase ve cautho yA tIsarI saMhanana koTi meM pahuMcakara dhyAna ke adhikArI ho sakate haiN| saMhanana ko uttamatA ke mAnadaNDa se yaha spaSTa hai ki digambara dhyAna ko prakriyA ko adhika kaThora mApate haiN| dUsarI ora, yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki zvetAmbara dhyAna kI prakriyA ko adhika vyApaka aura prabhAvazAlI banAne kI ora agrasara rahe haiN| (ii) puNasthAnoM kA AdhAra saMhanana kI vizeSatA ke atirikta Atmika vikAsa ke caraNoM (guNasthAnoM) ke AdhAra para bhI zAstroM meM dhyAtA ko abhilakSaNita kiyA gayA hai / ise sAraNI 3 meM diyA gayA hai / isase yaha spaSTa hai ki tIsare guNasthAna taka sAraNI 3. dhyAna ke adhikArI guNasthAna kA AdhAra guNasthAna 1. Arta dhyAna 4-6 guNasthAna 2. raudra dhyAna 4-5 , 3. dharma dhyAna 4-12 ,, 4. zukla dhyAna 10-14 , vyakti meM dhyAna kI kSamatA nahIM AtI / yaha mAnyatA uparokta carcA kI dRSTi se punarvicAraNIya pratIta hotI hai / kumAra kavi ne AraMbhaka, dhyAnaniSTha evaM niSpannayogI ke rUpa meM dhyAtAoM kI tIna koTiyAM batAI haiN| isa prakAra dhyAna ke adhikArI aise sabhI sAmAnya evaM sAdhu dharmI vyakti ho sakate haiM jinakA zarIra puSTa evaM balavAna ho evaM jo rAjasI evaM sAvika vRttiyoM kI ora unmukha hoN| zarIra kI balazAlitA evaM manovRttiyoM ko koTi dhyAna kI koTi evaM yogyatA ke mApadaNDa hai| prekSA aura samIkSA dhyAna kI paddhati kA vikAsa aura prabhAva iso mAnyatA para AdhArita haiN| (ba) dhyAna ke prakAra bhagavatI, sthAnAMga, tatvArtha sUtra, jJAnArNava aura anya dhyAna-sAhitya meM dhyAna ke mukhyataH cAra bheda batAye gaye hai-(i) AtaM (ii) raudra (iii) dharma yA dharmya evaM (iv) zukla / sabhI uttaravarto AcAryoM ne ise mAnA hai / phira bhI vivecana kI dRSTi se jJAnArNava meM inheM tIna koTiyoM meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai : (i) aprazasta : Arta, raudra azubhAzaya, azubha lezyA, pApabandha, durgati / (ii) prazasta : dharmya, zukla puNyAzaya, zubha lezyA, puNyabandha, svarga / (iii) zuddha : zukla (antima pada) Atmopalabdhi, svarga, mukti / aprazasta dhyAna laukika tathA vyaktigata rAgadveSa-prerita hote haiM / ata; unheM heya hI mAnA jAtA hai / prazasta dhyAna zarIra evaM mana ko zuddha kara sAmya, samarasatA evaM antarmukhatA utpanna karate haiM, ataH ve upAdeya hai| pUrvokta zAstrIya mAnyatA ke pariprekSya meM kevala dharma dhyAna hI hamAre liye, vartamAna meM, upAdeya bacatA hai|

Page #8
[khaNDa dhyAna ke bhedoM ke viSaya meM dige ne namaskAra svAdhyAya ke AdhAra para eka apavAda batAyA hai| isameM dhyAna ke 24 bheda batAye gaye haiM / ye dhyAna ke sAmAnya evaM paramabheda ke rUpa meM zUnya, kalA, jyoti, vindu, nAda, tArA, laya, lava, mAtrA, pada, siddhi ke rUpa meM caubIsa bheda haiN| vastutaH gAthA ke anusAra ye bAIsa (11 x 2) bheda hI hote haiM / isa gAthA se caubIsa bheda nirupita karane ke liye usakA mUla khojanA hogaa| dhyAna ke ina bhedoM ko vaha mAnyatA prApta nahIM hai, jo cAra bheda kI paramparA ko hai / ina cAroM dhyAnoM kA vivaraNa sAraNI 4 meM diyA gayA hai| sAraNI 4-jaina zAstroM meM dhyAna ke bhedoM kA vivaraNa nAma prakAra lakSaNa AlaMbana anuprekSA gati lezyA sthiti 1. AtaMdhyAna 1. iSTa viyoga kraMdana, cintA, - tiryaca azubha tIna 4-6 guNasthAna 2. aniSTa saMyoga dInatA, azrupAta, 3. vedanA, rogacitA kleza carcA 4. nidAna, bhogAta 2. raudra dhyAna 1. hiMsAnaMda Asanna doSa, - tiryaMca azubha 4-5 guNasthAna 2. mRpAnaMda bahula doSa, 3. cauryAnaMda ajJAna doSa, 4. saMrakSaNAnaMda AmaraNAMta doSa 3. dharma/dhamyaM dhyAna 1. AjJA vicaya (1) AjJA ruci (1) piMDa, pada, anitya, pIta, padma, 4-12 guNasthAna 2. apAyavicaya nisarga ruci, rUpa, rUpAtIta azaraNa, manuSya, deva zukla 3. vipAkavicaya upadeza ruci, 4. saMsthAna vicaya sUtra ruci, (2) Ajava, laghutA, ekatva, (2) vAcanA, pRcchanA, mArdava, upadeza, saMsAra parivartanA, dharmakathA, jinAgama ruci anuprekSA, sAmayika 4. zukla dhyAna 1. savicAra pRthaktvavitarka viveka, kSAnti, kSamA, apAya, manuSya, deva, tIna zubha 10-13 guNasthAna 2. avicAra pRthaktvavitakaM vyutsarga mukti, azubha, nirvANa lezyAyeM 13-14, kevalI 3. sUkSmakriyA pratipatti , avyathA, Arjava, anaMtavRttitA 4. vyuparatakriyA nivRtti asaMmoha mArdava, vipariNAma rUpAtIta 12. paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha

Page #9
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 121 isase spaSTa hai ki prazasta dhyAnoM kI apekSA aprazasta dhyAnoM ke viSaya meM zAstrIya vivaraNa kAphI kama hai / sambhavataH inakI bahirmakhatA hI inakI aprazastatA kA kAraNa hai| tatvArtha sUtra meM 5 sUtroM meM AtaMdhyAna, eka sUtra meM raudradhyAna, do sUtroM meM dharma-dhyAna tathA sAta sUtroM meM zukla-dhyAna kA vivaraNa milatA hai| isameM unake bheda, paribhASA tathA adhikArI batAye gaye haiN| jJAnArNava meM, avazya, ina para svatantra adhyAya diye gaye haiN| ye mAnava ko uttarottara AdhyAtmika pragati ko nirUpita karate haiN| isa vivaraNa kI eka vicAra yogya vizeSatA yaha hai ki jahA~ ArtadhyAna ke adhikArI 4-6 guNasthAnI hote haiM, vahIM raudra-dhyAna ke adhikArI 4-5 guNasthAnI hI hote haiN| caturbhedI Arta-dhyAna nitAnta vyaktigata svArthoM kI pUrti yA pIr3A ko dUra karane ke liye hotA hai| isameM kaSAya, duHkha va pramAda adhika hotA hai / isake viparyAsa meM, caturbhedI raudra-dhyAna meM kuTilatA, pApAcAra evaM krUrakarma sambhAvita haiN| raudratA krodha, uttejanA evaM Aveza kA pratIka hai / yaha vyaktigata bhI ho sakatA hai aura vyakti bhinna bhI ho sakatA hai / ise bhI 4-6 guNasthAnI mAnA jAnA cAhie, para pUjyapAda aura akalaMka ne vyAkhyA dI hai ki saMyamI (cAhe vaha pramatta hI kyoM na ho) ke rudratA nahIM ho sakatI / isa sthiti meM mujhe lagatA hai ki guNasthAna ke AdhAra para raudra-dhyAna ko prathama dhyAna mAnanA caahie| dige ne isa carcA para mauna rakhA hai| dharma dhyAna Antarika vikAsa kI prathama sarAhanIya sIr3hI hai / isameM dhyAna kI prakriyA pUrva dhyAnoM ke anusAra hotI hai, para isameM ekAgratA ke lakSya, dhyeya bhinna hote haiN| isake Alambana sAtvika hote haiN| inake vivaraNa sAraNI 4 meM diye gaye haiM / isa dhyAna meM guruvANI meM zraddhA, kutsita vicAroM yA avasthAoM ke nAza ke prati vyagratA, azubha pravRttiyoM yA karmoM ke prati niruddhatA aura saMsAra ke viziSTa AkAroM ke prati vicAraNA kI vRtti jAgRta hotI hai| dharma-dhyAnI meM maitrI, karuNA, maditA va upekSAbhAva kI manovRtti kA jAgaraNa Avazyaka hai| isameM andara-bAhara kI prekSAe~ kI jAtI haiN| isameM piNDa (zarIra), pada (akSara), rUpa evaM rUpAtIta dhyeyoM para mana ko sthira karane kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| isase Atma-zakti kA saMkendraNa hotA hai| vartamAna meM bhAvoM kI zuddhi ke liye pracalita lezyA, raMga yA varNa-saMkendrita dhyAna kI prakriyA rUpAtmaka dhyAna ke antargata hI mAnanI caahie| zAstroM meM isa prakriyA kA vizeSa vivaraNa nahIM hai / isa dhyAna meM kramazaH sthUla dhyeyoM se sUkSma evaM sUkSmatara dhyeyoM para ekAgratA kA abhyAsa karane se vyakti antarmukhI hokara AnandAnubhUti karane lagatA hai / yaha dhyAna zubha hotA hai, zubhatara zukla dhyAna kI ora prerita karatA hai| ____ zukla dhyAna Antarika zuddhi evaM nirmalatA kA pratIka hai| yaha nitAnta antarmukhI aura Antarika prakriyA hai / yaha antaHzakti ke ananta-rUpa kA darzana karAtA hai aura sAdhanA ke carama lakSya ko prApta karane ko antima sIr3hI hai / isake antargata mana, vacana va zarIra ko sabhI vRttiyA~ niruddha hokara rUpAtIta dhyeya para ekAgratA utpanna hotI hai| isase ananta jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIyaM kI anAyAsa upalabdhi hotI hai| isake dhyeya ke rUpa meM dharma ke vividha rUpoM kI nirAkAra vattiyA~ hotI hai| yaha dhyAna zreSThatama balazAlI zarIra tathA jJAna ke dhanI hI kara sakate haiM / yaha prAyaH nirAlambana hotA hai / isake cAra bhedoM meM se do kA abhyAsa chadmastha jJAnI (12veM guNasthAna taka) bhI kara sakate haiM, para antima do bhedoM kA abhyAsa kevalI hI kara sakate haiN| isameM vitakaM aura vIcAra (vicAraNA aura akSara dhyAna)-donoM kramazaH samApta ho jAte haiM aura anta meM sabhI prakAra kI kriyAoM se mukti hokara carama sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| zupamA zukla dhyAna ke samAna dharma-dhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda mAne gaye haiN| inheM vistRta kara dasa bhI mAnA jAtA hai / inheM saMkSipta karane para vAhya aura AdhyAtmika athavA vyavahAra aura nizcaya ke rUpa meM do bheda mAne jAte haiN| parAvalambI, zarIra evaM vacana kI kriyAeM vAhya evaM vyAvahArika hotI haiM aura mAnasika cintana yA ekAgratA AdhyAtmika yA nizcayamukhI hotI haiM / isa dhyAna kI siddhi ke liye guru-upadeza, zraddhA, abhyAsa tathA mana kI sthiratA atyanta Avazyaka hai|

Page #10
122 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstro sAdhuvAda grantha . [khaNDa (sa) dhyAna kI prakriyA dhyAna kI vividha prakriyAoM ke viSaya meM prAcIna granthoM meM sphuTa ullekha ho milate haiN| sambhavataH unakA samanvayAtmaka nirUpaNa jJAnArNava meM huA hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki dhyAna ke lie upayukta sthAna, Asana, prANAyAma tathA dhyAnavidhi kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| upayukta sthAna : sAmAnyataH yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki siddha yogI ko sAdhanA ke liye koI bhI sthAna upayukta hai / para sAmAnya abhyAsI ke liye pavitra aura ekAnta sthAna Avazyaka hai| yaha siddha kSetra, atizaya kSetra, nadI-samudra taTa, nado-saMgama, parvata, guphA, vRkSa koTara, bhU-garbha, mandira, zUnya-gRha, kelAvRkSoM se nirmita gRha, upavana-vedikA, caityavRkSa ke samAna kolAhala-vihIna evaM manomodI koI bhI sthAna ho sakatA hai| samucita sthAna para, lakar3I ke paTiye para, zilApaTa para, bAlakA parvata para viziSTa Asana grahaNa kara dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| dhyAna ke lie Asana : dhyAna ke lie Asana kA cunAva bhI mahatvapUrNa hai| sthirasukhI Asana kI paribhASA ke bAvajUda bhI jina AsanoM kI zAstroM meM carcA hai, unameM abhyAsa ke bAda hI sukha milatA hai| Agama tathA anya granthoM meM prAyaH 19 AsanoM kA ullekha hai : ukaDa yA godohAsana, bajrAsana, vIrAsana, palyaMkAsana, ardhapalyaMkAsana, kAyotsargAsana, makarAsana, hastizuMDAsana, daMDAsana, saMkoca-zarIrAsana, zavAsana, gavAsana, bhadrAsana, svastikAsana, AmrakubjAsana, krauMcAsana, haMsAsana, gajAsana / yadyapi jaina paramparA meM dhyAna hetu vizeSa Asana kA niyama nahIM hai, phira bhI, jJAnArNava meM batAyA gayA hai ki kalikAla meM inameM se kevala do Asana ho mahatvapUrNa haiM : payaMkAsana yA padmAsana evaM kAyotsargAsana yA khaGgAsana / inameM anya AsanoM ko tulanA meM zakti kama lagatI hai| ye sarala hote haiM aura mana ko sthira karane meM sahAyaka hote haiN| dhyAna ke liye Asana lagAte samaya mukha pUrva yA uttara kI ora honA cAhiye / dRSTi nAsAgramukhI honA cAhiye / zarIra ke anya aMga nizcala eva sthira rahane cAhiye / zubhacandra ne batAyA hai ki Asana ke samucita abhyAsa na hone se (i) zarIra sthira nahIM raha pAtA (ii) zarIra kI asthiratA se mana sthira nahIM kiyA jA sakatA (iii) zarIra aura mana kI asthiratA se samAdhidazA sahaja nahIM ho pAtI eva (iv) samucita parISaha sahatA vikasita nahIM ho paatii| isake viparyAsa meM, padmAsana se sthiratA, prasannatA, zAnti evaM spaMdanarahitatA AtI hai| isase antaHzakti aura viveka jAgRta hote haiM / Aja kI zArIrika zikSA meM jo aneka prakAra ke vyAyAma karAye jAte haiM, ve kevala zarIra ko zuddha kara puSTa evaM balazAlI banAte haiN| para Asana na kevala zarIra ko, apitu mana ko bhI balI banAte haiM / ataH AsanoM kA prabhAva manodaihika evaM kAya-mAnasika-donoM prakAra kA hotA hai / ye hI dhyAnamudrA ko prerita karate hai / dhyAna ke lie prANAyAma : mana bar3A caMcala hai| usameM hAthI ke samAna bala, daitya ke samAna por3AkArI vRtti, bandara ke samAna cacalatA aura sarpa ke samAna daMzana-vRtti hotI hai| hamArI jJAnendriyA~ aura karmendriyA~ usakI pramukha sahAyaka haiN| hemacandra ke anusAra, yaha vikSipta, yAtAyAta, zliSTa aura tulIna nAmaka cAra vRttiyoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai / yaha vyakti ke vyaktitva nirmANa kA rAjA hai| use samucita rUpa se niyantrita karane ke lie Asana ke sAtha prANAyAma-abhyAsa bhI Avazyaka hai| yaha sAmAnyataH zvAsocchvAsa ke antargamana, bahirgamana evaM antaHsthApana ke niyantraNa kI prakriyA hai| prArambha meM zubhacandra ne antaHkaraNa kI zuddhi tathA dhyAna-jJAna kI saphalatA ke liye ise anuzaMsita kiyA hai / para hemacandra ko isameM zrama evaM citta-saMklezabhAva pratIta huA, ataH dhyAna-sAdhanA meM ise virodho kahA hai / bAda meM, zubhacandra ne bhI pratyAhAra kI anuzasA karate hue dhyAna ke liye isakI hInatA batAI hai| unakA yaha mata tarkasaMgata nahIM lagatA kyoMki dIrgha yA

Page #11
3] dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 123 manda zvAsocchvAsa tathA usake alpakAlika antaHsthApana se zarIratantra ke Antarika ghaTakoM evaM prakramoM meM sajagatA, apramAda, pUrNatA evaM zaktisampannatA AtI hai| yaha nIrogatA bhI pradAna karatA hai| ataH yaha dhyAna ke lie utpreraka hai| prANAyAma se zarIra kA antarjJAna bhI hotA hai| isase yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki nAsikA raMdhra meM pArthiva, vAruNa, vAyavIya evaM Agneya nAmaka sUkSma evaM saMvedya cAra maMDala hote haiN| ina maNDaloM meM purandara, varuNa, pavana, va jvalana vAyu saMcArita hotI hai / zubhacandra ne isa viSaya meM vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai / prekSA dhyAna paddhati meM bhI prANAyAma ko zvAsa evaM zarIra prekSA ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA gayA hai| patanjala kA anusaraNa karate hue zubhacandra ne prANAyAma ke pUraka, recaka evaM kuMbhaka (antaHsthApana)-tIna bheda kie haiN| vahA~ paramezvara nAmaka eka anya bheda bhI varNita hai jo brahmaraMdhra meM vizrAnta hotA hai| hemacandra ne pratyAhAra, zAMta, uttara aura adhara ke rUpa meM cAra bheda kiye haiN| inameM prAyaH zvAsa ko antagrahaNa kara use zarIra yantra meM bhinna-bhinna kSetroM meM le jAnA evaM usake bahirgamana ke samaya kA niyantraNa karanA samAhita hai| yaha kahA jAtA hai ki 60 ghar3I ke dina-rAta meM zvAsa vAyu solaha bAra nAsikA chidra badalatI hai arthAt eka chidra se eka bAra meM eka ghaNTe vAyu antaMgamita hotI hai| isI prakAra, eka minaTa meM prAyaH pandraha bAra zvAsocchvAsa calatA hai| prANAyAma ke abhyAsa se dhyAna kI dizA meM Age bar3hane ke liye bahirdRSTi tyAganI par3atI hai| isase hI antadISTa prApta hotI hai| isa antarmakhI vRtti ko jagAne kA upAya hai-pratyAhAra aura dhAraNA / isa prakriyA meM sAdhaka mana aura indriya-viSayoM ke sambandha ko tor3ane kA prayatna karatA hai| isake liye vaha icchAnusAra AlambanoM para, dhyeyoM para mana ko sthira karatA hai| jaba yaha sthirIkaraNa 48 minaTa taka banA rahatA hai, taba use dhyAna kI paripUrNatA kA caraNa mAnA jAtA hai| yahI samAdhi kI sthiti mAnI jAtI hai| isa sthiti meM mana kI caMcalatA dUra ho jAtI hai, vaha ekatAna hokara zaktikendra bana jAtA hai / isase vyakti meM sAtvika guNa prasphuTita hone lagate haiN| (da) dhyAna ke dhyeya yA Alambana dhyAna kA dhyeya vaha AdhAra yA vastU hai, jisa para citta ko ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai| yaha dhyeya do prakAra kA hai-sarUpI aura rUpAtIta, sacetana yA acetana / isa AdhAra para dhyAna bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai / sarUpI padArtha mUrta aura dRzya hote hai, sthUla aura sUkSma hote hai, ye bahirjagata ke bhI ho sakate haiM, antajaMgata ke bhI ho sakate haiN| dhyAna kI koTi ke vikAsa ke sAtha ye dhyeya kramazaH sthUla se sUkSma hote jAte haiM, jaba taka rUpAtIta yA nirAlambana dhyAna kI sthiti na A jAve evaM jJAnanetra pUrNataH udghATita na ho pAveM / nirAlambana dhyAna meM parama AtmA kA hI dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| ye dhyeya zubha aura azubha pariNAmoM ke kAraNa hote haiM / ye zabda, artha evaM jJAnAtmaka hote haiN| ye nAma, sthApanA, dravya, bhAva ke rUpa se cAra prakAra ke hote hai / dharma dhyAna ke cAra bheda bhI dhyeya ke hI rUpa haiM / zubhacandra ne sAlambana dhyAna ke liye zarIra tantra ke dasa avayavoM-lalATa, netra, karNa, nAsikAgra; mastaka, mukha, nAbhi, hRdaya, tAlu evaM bhrakuTi kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / saiddhAntika dRSTi se, zarIra tantra to bahirjagata hI hai, phira bhI isase bhinna evaM pRthak sthUla dhyeyoM para bhI mana kendrita kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha koI bhI icchita yA anicchita vastu ho sakatI hai / jina-mUrti, guru-mUrti, saMskArita strI yA puruSa, sAtvika citra, prAkRtika dRzya, pazu-pakSI, pavitra parvata, lokAkRti Adi para bhI dhyAna kendrita kiyA jA sakatA hai / vastuoM ke atirikta, guNoM para bhI kendraNa ho sakatA hai / __ zAstroM meM Arta evaM raudra dhyAnoM ke AlambanoM kA ullekha nahIM hai, para unake bhedoM ke AdhAra para hI unake vividha AlambanoM kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / dharma-dhyAna ke AlambanoM meM AjJA, nisarga, satra aura avagADha rUciyoM

Page #12
124 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [ khaNDa ke anusAra vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA, anuprekSA, dharma-kathA, sAmAyika evaM saddharmatatva samAhita hote haiM / inase antarmukhI dRSTi jAgRta hotI hai| jJAnArNava meM cAra apUrva dhyeya bhI batAye gaye haiM- piNDa, pada, rUpa aura rUpAtIta / inakA vistRta varNana bhI hai| inameM zarIra, varNa (maMtra, mudrA, maMDala Adi), AtmA, jina, mukti, siddha ke laukika-alaukika rUpoM kA dhyAna samAhita hai / inake mAdhyama se Atmatatva yA antarmukhI dhyeya hI dhyAna ke viSaya hote haiM / ina para citta ko sthira karane se samadRSTi, AnandamayatA evaM antaHzakti sampannatA Ato hai, jo hamAre zarIra ke cAroM ora vidyamAna AbhA maNDala ko parivartita kara jIvana ko sukhamaya banAtI hai / (ya) dhyAna kA phala vikAsa karatA hai / kucha vizAla bhaMDAra hai / yaha laukika / alaukika kArya dhyAna ke abhyAsa se vyakti svayaM meM avyakta rUpa se vidyamAna aneka sAtvika guNoM kA hI samaya ke abhyAsa se yaha anubhava hone lagatA hai ki vyakti meM paramAtmA ke samAna hI zakti kA zakti hI sukhAnubhUti karAtI hai / yaho antaHzakti hai / isake kAraNa hI vyakti meM aneka prakAra ke karane kI kSamatA AtI hai| yaha zakti ho usameM virAgatA, samadRSTi, azubha pravRttiyoM kI upekSA Adi mAnava jAti ke naitika dRSTi se bar3hAne vAle guNoM kI pratIka hai| saiddhAntika dRSTi se dhyAna pUrvakRta karmoM ko naSTa kara vyakti ko akarmatA kI ora le jAtA hai aura use saMsAra ko sundaratama banAne kI ora prerita karatA hai| vastutaH dhyAna vyakti ko samaSTi meM vilIna karatA hai aura muktimArga prazasta karatA hai| dhyAna se niyamita zarIra, sthira netra, zuddha antaHkaraNa, nirmohatA evaM tejasvitA prApta hotI hai / ye sabhI guNa utkRSTa Ananda ke sAdhana haiM / mantra evaM varNoM ke dhyAna se roga-vijaya evaM vacanamAhAtmya prakaTa hotA hai / 1 (ra) dhyAna kI kAlAvadhi jaina zAstroM meM dhyAna kA uttama kAla eka antarmuhUrta yA 48 minaTa batAyA gayA hai / sAdhAraNa chadmastha eka dhyeya para isase adhika samaya taka dhyAna kendrita nahIM kara sakate / yadi ve aisA karate haiM, to yA to dhyeya rUpAntarita ho jAvegA yA dhyAnAntara ho jaavegaa| isase indriyoM kA upadhAta bhI sambhava hai / yoga darzana meM dhyAnAbhyAsa ke liye isa prakAra kI koI kAlAvadhi nahIM hai| phira bhI, satyAnanda sarasvatI gRhasthoM ke liye 10 minaTa kA nyUnatama dhyAna-samaya mAnate haiM / vastutaH yaha samaya-sImA dhyAnAbhyAsa ko koTi evaM dhyAtA kI zreNI para nirbhara karatI hai / vibhinna paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna kA tulanAtmaka nirUpaNa prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna ke dvArA antarmukho vikAsa mAnA gayA hai| prAcIna granthoM (veda, gItA, upaniSad, brahmasUtra, visuddhi maggo, bhagavatI Adi) meM isa sambandha meM sphuTa vivaraNa prApta hote haiN| dhIre-dhIre isa paddhati kA pUrNa vikAsa huA aura uttaravartI samaya meM dhyAna para viziSTa grantha likhe gye| inase patA calatA hai ki jaina aura bauddha paddhatiyA~ yoga-darzana se paryApta prabhAvita huI haiM / unhoMne kAlAntara meM yoga ke aSTAMgoM ko kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM samAhita to kiyA hI hai, usake pAribhASika zabdoM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai / sAraNI 5 meM ina tInoM paramparAoM kI mukhya mAnyatAoM kA tulanAtmaka saMkSepaNa kiyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki jaina paddhati kI apanI kucha vizeSatAeM haiM, jo anya paddhatiyoM meM nirUpita nahIM haiM, yadyapi ve AnuSaMgikataH mAnya honI cAhie : (i) dhyAna zubha aura azubha- donoM prakAra ke ho sakate liyA jAtA hai / / anya paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna kA artha zubharUpa meM hI

Page #13
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 125 sAraNI 5 : vibhinna paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna yoga darzana jaina darzana bauddha darzana 1. sAmAnya nAma (i) yoga (i) saMvara, yoga (i) khamAdhi, dhyAna (ii) dhyAna dhyAna vipazyanA 2. ghaTakatA aSTAMga yoga kA sAtavA~ ghaTaka sattAvana prakAra ke saMvara ke aSTAMgamArgakA7-8vAM antaraMga tapa kA ghaTaka ghaTaka 4. bheda nirUpaNa evaM samakakSatA 1. yama 5 dazadharma 10 ahiMsA uttama kSamA, mRdutA, RjutA, zauca samyak dRSTi, saMkalpa satya uttama satya samyak vacana asteya uttama saMyama, tapa, tyAga samyak karma brahmacarya uttama brahmacarya samyak vyAyAma, kama aparigraha uttama akiMcanatA samyak jIvikA 2. niyama 5 zauca dharma kA cauthA aMga samyak karma saMtoSa dharma kA cauthA aMga samyak karma tapa dharma kA sAtavA~ aMga-12 samyak karma svAdhyAya aMtaraMga tapa kA cauthA rUpa Izvara praNidhAna 3. Asana kAyakleza, tapa kA chaThA aMga 4. prANAyAma kAyotsarga 5. pratyAhAra tIna gupti, pAMca samiti, 8 samyak karma, samyak smRti 6. dhAraNA dhyAna kA rUpa 7. dhyAna saMyama dhyAna ke 4 bheda 8. samAdhi dhyAna phala, zukla dhyAna samAdhi, bodhi (savIja, nirvIja) (avitarka, savicAra Adi 4 bheda) (sa-upAdhi, anupAdhi) parISaha jaya samyak prayatna anuprekSA samyak vicAra samyak cAritra samyak karma 5. dhyAtA sabhI vyakti vyaktiyoM ke zarIra, manovRtti evaM sabhI vyakti kSamatA para nirbhara 6. dhyeya, Alambana rUpI, rUpAtIta sarUpI, rUpAtIta, AMtara, vAhya rUpI, rUpAtIta 7. kAlAvadhi anirdiSTa gRhasthoM ke liye 48 minaTa 8. jyAna phala samAdhi, carama AtmikavikAsa carama sukha, vikAsa bodhi prApti

Page #14
126 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa (ii) buddha aura pataMjala kI tulanA meM, jaina dhyAna prakriyA kA abhyAsa adhika kaThora pratIta hotA hai / parISahasahana, bAraha bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa, kaThina cAritra, mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRttiyoM ke niyaMtraNa kA prArambha se hI abhyAsa tathA anya bAteM anya paddhatiyoM meM utanI mahatvapUrNa nahIM hai| (ii) anya paddhatiyoM kI tulanA meM jainoM ke dhyAna-vargIkaraNa kI paddhati adhika sUkSma evaM tIkSNa hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki aSTAMga yoga ne sattAvanI saMvara kA rUpa le liyaa| (iv) jaina dhyAna paddhati (prazasta) vizleSaNAtmaka adhika hai| yaha buddha kI vipazyanA paddhati se adhika saMgati rakhatI hai| (v) jaina dhyAna paddhati Antarika vikAsa ke vibhinna caraNoM para AdhArita hai| anya paddhatiyoM meM ina caraNoM kA koI saMketa nahIM hai| (vi) AdhyAtmika dRSTi se, jaina dhyAna paddhati karmavAda kI dhAraNA para AdhArita hai| jaise-jaise dhyAna ko koTi una, tIkSNa yA sakSmatara hotI jAtI hai, vaise hI karma-baMdha kSINa hote jAte haiN| isase zailezI tathA akarmatA kI sthiti prApta hotI hai| anya paddhatiyoM meM yaha AdhAra bhI nahIM hai| dhyAna laukika aura alaukika siddhiyA~ dhyAna kI aneka caraNI prakriyA ko apanAne vAle sAdhakoM kA anubhava hai ki jaise hI ve Asana aura prANAyAma ko sAdha lete haiM, unheM apane andara asIma zakti-sampannatA kA anubhava hotA hai| dhyeya ke prati citta kI sthiratA ke abhyAsa ke samaya aneka aisI sthitiyAM AtI haiM, jo dhyAna se vicalita karane vAlI hotI hai| ina sthitiyoM se pAra pAkara jaba sAdhaka sthira dhyAnI ho jAtA hai, to usakI antaHzakti kI vRddhi se sAdhaka meM aneka lakSaNa prakaTa hote hai, jo asAmAnya yA ati-mAnavIya pratIta hote haiM / ye lakSaNa hI labdhi, siddhi, Rddhi yA vibhUti kahalAte haiN| ye dhyAna se saMcita antaHzakti ke vyakta prakaTana mAtra haiM, jo usake mAhAtmya ko prakaTa karate haiM / AtizI zIze se sUrya-kiraNoM kI UrjA ke kAgaja para saMkendraNa se jaise kAgaja jala jAtA hai, usI prakAra isa Atmika zakti ke vibhinna uddezyoM hetu saMkendraNa karane para aneka anurUpI prabhAva utpanna hote haiN| yoga aura dhyAna kI sabhI paddhatiyoM meM sAdhaka ke aise aneka lakSaNoM kA ullekha hai| jaina zAstroM meM bhI ina lakSaNoM kI vividhatA evaM vargIkaraNa pAyA jAtA hai| isIliye jahA~ bhagavatI sUtra meM kevala dasa labdhiyA~ (jJAna, darzana, cAritra, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga, vIrya, indriya aura cAritrA-cAritra) batAI gaI haiM, vahIM triloka prajJapti meM ATha koTi kI 64 labdhiyAM batAI gaI hai| vidyAnuvAda to 48 labdhiyoM kA hI nirUpaNa karatA hai| inakA varNana dhavalA bhAga 4 (44), maMtrarAja rahasya (50), Avazyaka niyukti (28) tathA pravacanasAroddhAra (28) meM bhI hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM bho inakA kucha varNana hai / jJAnArNava meM vAyujaya se parakAyA praveza ke sAtha maMtra-japa-dhyAna se atIndriya jJAna, vikriyA labdhi, jyotirmayatA, devavazitva, zrutajJatA, bodhijJAna Adi labdhiyoM kA ullekha hai| ina sabhI RddhiyoM ke viSaya meM jainoM kI yahI mAnyatA hai ki "te samAdhau upasargAH, vyuttthAne siddhyH|" ataH Atmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se ye dhyAna ke AnuSaMgika phala hai, mukhya nhiiN| ye phala mAhAtmya kI dRSTi se evaM kutUhala kI dRSTi se prakaTa kiye jAte haiN| yaha ThIka usI prakAra samajhanA cAhiye jaise gehU~ kI mukhya phasala ke sAtha AnuSaMgika rUpa se pyAla bhI milatA hai| pyAla ke samAna siddhiyA~ bhI aihika jIvana ke liye upayogI haiN| inase yaha patA calatA hai ki dhyAna ThIka dizA meM cala rahA hai / jaina zAstra yaha mAnate hai ki uttama dhyAnAvasthA hetu ye siddhiyA~ upekSaNIya haiN| isIliye siddhi mAtra ke liye kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna, saiddhAntika dRSTi se durdhyAna kahA jAtA hai /

Page #15
dhyAna kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa 127 18 triloka prajJapti meM dhyAna se prApta hone vAlo ATha koTi kI 64 labyioM kA saMkSepaNa nimna hai : 1. buddhi jJAna labdhi avadhi jJAna, manaH paryaya jJAna, kevala jJAna, daza caturdaza pUrvitva, vIja buddhi, koSTha buddhi, padAnusAriNI (pratisAraNI va ubhaya sAraNI) buddhi, saMbhinna zrotRtva, dUrAsvAditva, dUraspazistra, dUradarzitva, dUrazravaNatva, dUraghrANatva, nimitta (nabha nimitta, bhauma nimitta, aMga vidyAsvara, vyaMjana, lakSaNa, cihna, svapna vidyAyeM), prajJAzramaNa, pratyeka buddhi, vAda vidyaa| 2. vikriyA labdhi aNimA, mahimA, garimA, prAkAmya, Izitva, vazitva, apratidhAta, antardhyAna, kAmarUpitva, ldhibhaa| 3. kriyA labdhi 10+3 AkAza gAminI kriyA, jala-vAyu-meSa-jyoti Adi cAraNa kriyAyeM (12) / 4. tapa labdhi ugra, dIpta, tapta, mahA, ghora, ghora parAkrama, aghora brahmacAritva / 5. bala labdhi manobala, vacana bala, kAyabala / 6. kSetra labdhi akSINa mahAnasika, akSINa mahAlaya / 7. rasa labdhi AzI viSa, dRSTi viSa, kSIrasravo, madhusravI, amRtasravo, sapisravo / 8. auSadha labdhi Amarza, kSela, jalla, mala, viDoSadhi, sarvoSadhi, mukhanirviSa, dRSTinirviSa / __ anya granthoM meM inhIM koTiyoM kA saMkSepaNa yA vistAra mAtra hai| yoga darzana meM bhI vibhinna prANAyAmoM evaM saMyamoM se aneka labdhiyoM kA ullekha hai / para jainoM ke vivaraNa kI tulanA meM yaha bahuta kama hai| phira bhI, saMkSepa meM vahA~ siddhiyoM ke pAMca srota batAye gaye hai-janma (saMskAra), auSadha, mantra, tapa aura samAdhi / bauddhoM ne bhI laukika-lokottara labdhiyoM ke kucha nAma diye haiM / upasaMhAra dhyAna-sambandhI zAstrIya vivaraNa ke tulanAtmaka saMkSepaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki jahA~ AgamakAla meM yaha zArIrika evaM mAnasika tatvoM ko prabhAvita karanevAlA mAnA jAtA thA, vahIM Isottara sadiyoM meM yaha kevala mAnasika evaM Atmaparaka ho gyaa| samaya ke prabhAva se isa vivaraNa meM yoga ke tatva punaH samAhita hue jisase yaha punaH trirUpAtmaka ho gyaa| isase isakI vyApakatA bar3hI hai| yadyapi sabhI paddhatiyA~ dhyAna kA carama lakSya eka hI mAnato haiM, para iha-jovana se sambandhita lakSyoM meM vibhinna dArzanika mAnyatAoM meM vividhatA pAI jAtI hai| dhyAna ke zArIrika evaM mAnasika prabhAvoM ke viSaya meM AcAryoM ne aneka anubhava aura nirIkSaNa vyakta kiye di| ina para aba bhArata aura vizva ke aneka dezoM meM vaijJAnika zodha kI jA rahA hai| yaha prasannatA ko bAta hai ki adhikAMza laukika zAstrIya vivaraNa isa paddhati se na kevala puSTa hI hue hai apitu zarIra vijJAna, rasAyana, manovijJAna evaM cikitsA vijJAna ke adhyetAoM ne ina vivaraNoM kI apane nirIkSaNoM dvArA saphala evaM prayogasiddha vyAkhyA kI hai| yahI nahIM, aneka nirIkSaNoM se hamAre dhyAna-sambandhI prakriyAoM ke jJAna meM aura bhI tIkSNatA, yathArthatA aura sUkSmatA AI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isa yaga meM yoga aura dhyAna kI prakriyA hetu adhikAriyoM para lage pratibandha zanaiH zanaiH svayaM samApta hote jA rahe haiM aura yaha pratyeka vyakti ke dainaMdina jIvana kA eka aMga banatA jA rahA hai| isase dhyAna ke kucha alaukika prabhAvoM para bhI AsthA bar3ha rahI hai|

Page #16
[khaNDa 128 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha nirdeza grantha 1. TATiyA, DA0 nathamala : jaina meTeDIzana, citta samAdhi, jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM, 1986 2. dige, DA0 e0 bI0 : jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana, pA0 vi0, kAzI, 1981 3. kSa0 jainendra varNI : jainendra siddhAnta koSa-2, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1986 4. AcArya, yativRSabha : triloka prApti-1, jokrAja granthamAlA, zolApura, 1956 5. pataMjala RSi: pAtaMjala yoga sUtra, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, kAzI, 1979 6. nemIcanna jaina (saM0) : tIrthakara, sAdhumArga vizeSAMka, 17, 5-6 1987 7. A0 umAsvAmi : tatvArtha sUtra, varNI granthamAlA, kAzI, 1955 8. A0 pUjyapAda : sarvArthasiddhi, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1971 9. bhaTTa akalaMka : tatvArtha rAjabAtika-2, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1957 10. AcArya, zubhacandra : jAnANava, jIvarAja granthamAlA, zolApura, 1977 11. AcArya, zivArya : bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vahI, zolApura, 1978 12. AcArya, vaTTakera : mUlAcAra, mANikandra granthamAlA, bambaI, 1922 13. svAmI, sudharmA : bhagavatI sUtra, zve0 sthA0 zAstroddhAra samiti, rAjakoTa, 1961 14. AcArya, kundakunda : pravacanasAra, pATanI granthamAlA, mAroTha; 1950 15. AcArya, kundakunda : (1) niyamasAra (2) samayasAra, ajitAzrama, lakhanaU, 1930-31 16. AcArya, bhIkhaNa jI: navapadArtha, zve0 te. mahA sabhA, kalakattA, 1961 17. yuvAcArya, mahAprajJa : prekSAdhyAna kA yAtrA-patha, jaina vizva bhAratI, lADana, 1984 18. samaNI, smita prajJA : tulasI pratA, 11, 5, 1985 uttarAdhyayana, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, 1972 20. sudharmA svAmI: AcArAMga, Agama prakAzana samiti, vyAvara, 1980 21. sudharmA svAmI : sUtrakRtAMga, vahI, 22. sudharmA svAmI : sthAnAMga, vahI, 23. satyAnanda sarasvatI (saM0) : yoga vidyA ke aneka aMka 24. AcArya, zavyaMbhava : vazavakAlika, jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM, 1984 25. sudharmA, svAmI: samavAyAMga, Agama prakAzana samiti, vyAvara, 1983 26. sena, madhu, ddaa0:| kalcarala sTaDI Ava nizItha cUNi, pA0vi0, kAzI, 1975 27. samantabhadra, AcArya : svayambhU stotra, nirdeza, 1 peja 13 28. rAmasena, AcArya : tatvAnuzAsana, vIra sevA mandira, dillI, 1963 29. AcArya hemacandra : yogazAsra, vhI0 esa0 jaina granthamAlA, sUrata, 1938 30. buddha ghoSa : vizuddhi magga, bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, bambaI, 1940 31. kumAra kavi Atmaprabodha, siMghaI dhanyakumAra, kaTanI, 1988