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________________ marriaRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAASARAMANAare KAARAANABAJANASANABAJAJARANARMADABAADAAAAAAAAAADAJEDABADDABADANAPANASOON DA0 vIrendrasiMha ema .e., pI-eca. DI. [prAdhyApaka, hindI vibhAga, rAja0 vi0 vi0, jayapura GOV TREET caya dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana MBER PAN purANa aura dharma-pravRtti kI vaijJAnikatA dharma kA kSetra jJAna-sAkSAtkAra kA kSetra hai aura vaijJAnika vicAradhArA meM jJAna kA svarUpa sApekSa mAnA gayA hai / isa dRSTi se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharma aura vijJAna, mAnavIya jJAna ke do mahattvapUrNa pakSa hone ke nAte unakA sambandha mAnavIya cetanA ke kramika vikAsa se sambandhita hai| purANa aura mithakIya pravRtti kA sambandha bhI dhArmika manobhAva ke vikAsa ke sAtha jur3A huA hai aura isa sambandha meM hameM kahIM-kahIM para vaijJAnika pratyayoM kI halkI-sI jhalaka mila jAtI hai| isakA tAtparya kevala itanA hai ki mAnavIya cetanA ke vikAsa meM anubhava kI tArkikatA lakSita hone lagatI hai / kArya-kAraNa kI yaha tarkanA zakti vaijJAnika manobhAva kI eka mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| purANa aura dharma kA eka tArkika sambandha hai, kyoMki donoM anubhava kI AdhArazilA ko lekara hI vikasita hue haiM / harbarTa spensara kA kathana hai ki dhArmika vicAra mAnavIya anubhava se prApta kie gae haiM jo kramazaH saMgaThita aura pariSkRta hokara, pratIkAtmaka rUpa meM sthira ho ge| yaha dhAraNA brahmA, viSNu aura maheza ke svarUpa vizleSaNa se spaSTa hotI hai ki sRSTi ke tIna tattvoM (sRSTi, sAmaMjasya tathA saMhAra) ke ApasI saMtulana se hI vizva kI sthiti sambhava hai| 'trimUti' kI isa dhAraNA ke pIche mAnava kI anubhava zaktiyoM para Azrita 'tarkanA' kA eka aisA rUpa milatA hai jo prAcIna mAnava ko ghaTanAoM aura vastuoM ke sApekSa sambandha kI ora prerita karatA hai| isI prakAra kisI na kisI devatA kI kalpanA eka vaijJAnika satya kA nirdezana hai| prANizAstra kI dRSTi se, sRSTi evaM prajanana ke lie 'eka' kI sattA niSkriya hai, usameM sakriyatA usI samaya AtI hai jaba vaha dUsarI viparIta "sattA" se saMsarga sthApita karatI hai| isa dRSTi se "ardhanArIzvara" kA mahattva bhI darzanIya hai| vedAMta-darzana meM yaha prApta hotA hai ki 'jaba brahma ko sRSTi kA IkSaNa (kAmanA) huA, taba usane 'mAyA' kI utpatti kI aura sRSTi kArya sampanna kiyA / 2 uparyukta udAharaNoM se yaha niSkarSa nikAlanA ki sabhI dhArmika prasthApanAoM ke pIche yaha 'vaijJAnikatA' prApta hotI hai| maiM to yaha mAnatA hU~ ki vaijJAnika dRSTi se hama dhArmika tAttvika saMketoM ko adhika gaharAI se samajha sakate haiN| yaha 'gaharAI' vizleSaNAtmaka paddhati ke dvArA spaSTa ren 1 di pharsTa priMsipala, spensara, pR0 15 2 upaniSad bhASya, khaNDa 1, pR0 56-57 (gItA presa)
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________________ dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana 366 ne hotI hai kyoMki vaijJAnika tarkanA meM vizleSaNa aura saMzleSaNa kA eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| avatAra, lIlA tathA brahma Adi kI dhAraNAe~ vikAsavAdI siddhAnta tathA manovijJAna kI dRSTi se naye pariprekSya meM vizleSita evaM mUlyAMkita kI jA sakatI haiN| dhArmika pratIkoM kI vaijJAnikatA uparyukta vivecana ke prakAza meM 'avatAra' kI dhAraNA ko eka nayI paridRSTi pradAna hotI hai jo vikAsa-paramparA kA eka pratIkAtmaka nirdeza hai| vikAsavAda siddhAMta (Evolution) meM cetanA ke kramika vikAsa aura zArIrika saMgaThana ko anyonyAzrita mAnA gayA hai| bhAratIya dasa avatAra prANiyoM ke cetanA-vikAsa ke kramika sopAna haiM jisase yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki mAnava nAmadhArI prANI anya mAnavetara prANiyoM se sambaddha hai aura 'vaha' vikAsa paramparA meM zIrSastha hai| prathama avatAra matsya hai jo nitAMta jala meM rahanevAlA prANI hai aura dUsarA kUrma hai jo aMzataH jala aura dharatI donoM para raha sakatA hai, jise jIvazAstrIya bhASA meM emphIbiyana kahA gayA hai| yaha dUsarI avasthA pahalI avasthA se jyAdA vikasita hai / vArAha avatAra taka Ate stanadhArI prANiyoM (maimalsa) kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai jo kevala pRthvI kA hI nivAsI hai| cauthA avatAra narasiMha hai / isameM nara ke sAtha pazu-aMza kI vidyamAnatA hai jisakA unnayana 'vAmanAvatAra' meM hotA hai| yadi phira bhI, isa pazu-pravRtti (rakta) kA avazeSa raha jAtA hai, vaha 'parazurAma' ke avatAra meM dRSTavya hai| sAtavAM / avatAra 'rAma' hai jo parazurAma kI ahaM pravRtti kA zamana karate haiN| AThavAM kRSNAvatAra hai jisameM mAnava ke bahumukhI vyaktitva kA vikAsa hotA hai / 'buddha' aura 'kalki' avatAra 'atimAnava' (suparamaina) ke bhAvI saMbhAvita rUpa haiM jo mAnava kI antanihita zaktiyoM kA kramika sAkSAtkAra hai| isI prakAra brahma, lIlA, dravya Adi kI dhAraNAoM ko vaijJAnika dRSTi se samajhA jA sakatA hai / yaha tathya yaha bhI spaSTa karatA hai ki jJAna kA svarUpa sApekSa hai aura antara-anuzAsanIya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jJAna kA kSetra 'sApekSa satya' ke sAkSAtkAra kA kSetra hai aura isakA 'AnaMda' usa prakriyA meM nihita hai jo sAkSAtkAra taka pahu~cane kA mAdhyama hai, ThIka usI prakAra jisa prakAra gaMtavya taka pahu~cane kI lAlasA kA AnaMda gaMtavya prApta ho jAne para usakA kramazaH zamana ho jaanaa| isa dRSTi se dhArmika pratIkoM kA rahasya bhI jJAna-paraka hai| jaba yaha jJAna 'anubhUti' ke saMsparza se UrdhvagAmI hotA hai, taba vaha bhautika kSetra ko chor3akara tAttvika kSetra kI vyaMjanA karatA hai / vijJAna bhI isI tAttvikatA kI ora agrasara ho rahA hai / aneka vicArakoM ne dhArmika pratIkoM yA jJAna ko kevala bhautika kSetra ke andara hI sImita mAnA hai aura unakA mahattva kevala naitika-mUlyoM taka hI sImita rakhA hai| isake samarthaka kA~Ta, phItse Adi vicAraka haiN| inake anusAra yadi naitikatA ke mAnadaNDoM kA nirmANa na ho to dhArmika pratIkAtmaka-darzana kA vikAsa hI saMbhava na ho skegaa| isa mata meM satya kA kevala eka pakSa hI hai| dhArmika-darzana meM naitika mUlyoM kA eka pramukha sthAna hai, para usake 'jJAna' ko kevalamAtra 'naitikatA' ke dAyare meM bAMdhA nahIM jA sakatA hai| satya meM, naitikatA kA vikAsa bhI vikAsavAdI paramparA kI sApekSatA meM hotA hai| naitikatA ke atirikta, dhArmika-pratIkoM meM kisI dhAraNA yA Adarza kA avyakta rahasya aura UrdhvagAmI abhiyAnoM kA digdarzana hotA hai| Izvara, AtmA, anaMta athavA nirapekSa (ebsolyUTa Absolute) kI dhAraNAoM kA hRdayaMgama kevala naitika mAnyatAoM ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatA hai / dUsarA varga una - ANAL 3 de0 purAnAja ina di lAiTa Apha mADarna sAiMsa, ke0 ena0 ayyara, pR0 50-60 4 laiMgaveja eNDa riyAlTI, arabana, pR0 600 marimminimumminemamsin ALANKARIANAJARAMBAirriasJANADAaminaamanaria n ANABAJIRMALAIJANIMAnima AcAvaTa Anana AcAryapravara abhinaya zrIAnandapAzrIAnanda anya man
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________________ areasirdanandn.nakarma-MARNAMAAAA-Nahadatara..... sarmaprava17 nAva abhira zrIAnanda anyazrIAnanda an55 370 dharma aura darzana vicArakoM kA hai jo dharma ko kevalamAtra bhautika anubhAva tathA prayoga kA vikasita rUpa mAnate haiN| isa mata ke poSaka lI ro (Le Roe), viliyama jemsa tathA rasela Adi vicAraka haiN| ina vicArakoM ne isAI-dharma kI aneka rUr3hiyoM evaM mAnyatAoM kA vizleSaNa karane ke bAda isa niSkarSa ko sAmane rakhA hai ki dhArmika pratIkoM tathA mAnyatAoM kA sarvaprathama mahattva unake artha meM samAhita hai jo anubhava ke tathA prayoga-paddhati ke dvArA vikasita hue haiN| kevalamAtra 'anubhava' hI kisI mAnyatA athavA prasthApanA kI satyatA kA mApadaNDa hai|" isa siddhAMta ke pakSa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki isakA kSetra atyanta vyApaka hai kyoMki jJAna kA Arambha evaM vistAra anubhava para hI Azrita hai| parantu isakA kSetra, jaisA ki ina vicArakoM ne batAyA hai, kevalamAtra bhautika hI hai aura maiM kisI sImA ke bAda isase sahamata nahIM hai| jahA~ taka bhautikatA kA prazna hai, usase bhI merA koI matabheda nahIM hai| parantu anubhava kA kSetra atyanta vistRta hai| vaha kevala bhautika prAcIroM (aiMdriyajanya) ke andara hI sImita nahIM hai / usakA kSetra bhautikatA se pare, tAttvikatA kA bhI kSetra hai| isa kSetra meM Akara 'anubhava', bhautikatA kI paridhi ko chor3akara 'anubhUti' (inTyUzana Intution) ke kSetra ke praveza karatA hai| samasta mAnavIya jJAna isI 'anubhUti' ke kSetra ko kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM sparza karate haiN| dharma aura AtmajJAna uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki dhArmika pratIka tathA pratyaya jahA~ anubhava kI paridhi ko sparza karate haiM, vahIM ve tattva-cintana kI bhAvabhUmi ko chUte haiM / ataH dRzyamAna bhautika kSetra se adRzyamAna tAttvika kSetra taka eka kramAgata sambandha hai jisameM naitika tathA anya prakAra ke anubhavoM kA eka abhinna yogadAna hai| dRzya athavA bhautikatA kA yahA~ tirobhAva yA nakAra nahIM hai, para usakA ucita tathA arthavAna sanniveza hai| Adhunika vaijJAnika-cintana bhI bhautikatA se kramazaH adRzya pratyayoM kI ora gatizIla ho rahA hai| paramANu, UrjA (Energy) Ithara, dik, kAla tathA gurutvAkarSaNa zakti Adi aise hI pratyaya haiM jo adRzya kalpanAeM haiM jina para vijJAna (bhautikI aura gaNita Adi) kI tAttvikatA dRSTigata hotI hai / Adhunika padArtha (yA jaina zabdAvalI meM "dravya") kA svarUpa nitAnta bhautika nahIM raha gayA hai, yahA~ taka ki dik aura kAla ko bhI padArtha kA rUpAntara mAnA gayA hai| baTrenDa rasela kA to yahA~ taka kathana hai ki padArtha vaha hai jahA~ taka 'mana' antima rUpa se paha~ca na sake / Adhunika vijJAna kI yaha dhAraNA eka tAttvikatA kI ora saMketa karatI hai aura jJAna ke eka aise pakSa kI ora saMketa karatI hai jise hama Atmika yA AdhyAtmika-jJAna kI saMjJA dete haiN| jJAna kA kSetra atyanta vyApaka hai aura usI kI vyApakatA para "yathArtha" kA svarUpa spaSTa hotA hai / satya aura yathArtha kA svarUpa nirapekSa na hokara sApekSa hai aura sApekSatA kI dazA meM koI bhI pratyaya yA pratIka kisI 'anya' se sambandhita hokara hI apanI arthavattA prakaTa karatA hai| satya kA sApekSika sAkSAtkAra mUlataH jJAnaparaka 'AsthA' para hI AdhArita hai| koI bhI jJAna-kSetra (cAhe vaha dharma ho yA vijJAna Adi) binA 'AsthA' ke paMgu raha jAtA hai aura AtmajJAna kI prakriyA meM yaha AsthA tathA vizvAsa kA tarkasammata rUpa hI mAnya hai / yaha AsthA kA prazna mUlataH 'pratibaddhatA' (Commitment) kA prazna hai jo hamAre kAryoM, vicAroM tathA vyavahAroM ko 5 isa vicAradhArA ko "pregamaiTijma' kahate haiM jo vaijJAnika paddhati kA dArzanika rUpa hai| 6 philAsiphikala espekTsa Apha mADarna sAiMsa, sI0 I0 ema0 joDa, pR0 61.
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________________ dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana 371 ACC . ---DHIM THE re niyantrita aura dizA saMketa karatI hai| yaha pratibaddhatA hI mAnavIya uttaradAyitva kI eka sabala bhUmikA hai, yadi vaha hameM ucita gaMtavyoM kI ora le jAtI hai| isa dRSTi se AsthA aura pratibaddhatA anyonyAzrita haiN| yaha AsthA eka antardR STi kA viSaya hai jo hameM AtmajJAna ke nikaTa le jAtI hai| vijJAna eka vizleSaNAtmaka jJAna hai aura vizleSaNa-paddhati meM hama 'ghaTakoM' kA sUkSma sAkSAtkAra karate haiM jo "pUrNa" ke hI aMga haiN| AtmajJAna kA svarUpa bhI usI samaya spaSTa hotA hai jaba hama aMzoM, ghaTakoM aura staroM kA kramika avagAhana karate haiN| isIse gItA ne AtmajJAna kA vistAra samasta vizva meM mAnA hai athavA yaha 'jJAna' hI samasta vizva ko apane andara hI sameTe hue hai aura samasta vizva usI jJAna se prakAzita ho rahA hai| ___sargANAmAdirantazca madhyaM caivAhamarjuna ! AdhyAtmavidyA vidyAnAM vAdaH pravadatAmaham // arthAt 'he arjana, 'maiM' hI samasta sRSTi kA Adi, madhya aura anta hU~, samasta vidyAoM meM maiM Atma yA AdhyAtmika vidyA hU~; zabdoM ke dvArA jo siddhAnta banAe jAte haiM, maiM hI vaha siddhAnta hU~ jo satya kA pratipAdana karate haiN|' yahI satya kI khoja dharma kA dhyeya hai (aura jJAnoM kA bhI yahI lakSya hai) aura yahA~ para hama 'dharma' ke sahI rUpa ko prApta karate haiM jo jJAnaparaka hai| jJAna kA yaha vistRta svarUpa nirapekSa na hokara sApekSa hai, vaha satya meM, vibhinna AyAmoM ko apane andara samAviSTa karatA hai / 'dharma' kA jJAna bhI nirapekSa nahIM hai, usakI mAnyatAeM bhI navIna jJAna ke pariprekSya meM parIkSita hotI hai| Aja ke nita nae vikasita hote hue jJAna-kSetroM ke saMdarbha meM hama 'dharma' ko kevala usakI paramparAgata-dhAraNA kI prAcIroM se Abaddha nahIM kara sakate haiN| upAsanA kA svarUpa saMsAra ke sabhI dharmoM meM upAsanA kA koI na koI rUpa avazya prApta hotA hai; aura yaha upAsanA 'dharma' kI dhAraNA kA eka Avazyaka aMga hai| yahA~ para isa tathya kI ora dhyAna AkarSita karanA Avazyaka hai ki jisa prakAra sauMdarya, kalA kI bapautI nahIM hai, usI prakAra 'upAsanA' kA sambandha kevala dharma se nahIM jor3A jA sakatA hai, kyoMki 'upAsanA' to sabhI jJAna-kSetroM kA eka Avazyaka tattva hai| upAsanA eka aisI 'manodazA' hai jo AMtarika 'prakAza' ko prakaTa karatI hai, jisameM vyakti apanI 'asmitA ko pahacAnatA hai| upAsanA eka aisI tallInatA hai jo 'jJAna' ke rahasyoM kA udghATana kara, 'asmitA' kA sAkSAtkAra karAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hindU dharma meM isa 'asmitA' ke prati sabase adhika bala diyA gayA hai aura 'AtmajJAna' ke sAkSAtkAra ko 'asmitA' kA hI sAkSAtkAra kahA gayA hai| dharma kA cAhe aura koI mahattva ho yA na ho, para 'asmitA' ke sAkSAtkAra kA vaha eka sabala mAdhyama hai| dharma kA itihAsa mAnava-mana ke isI abhiyAna kA itihAsa hai| dharma ke pratIka aura dhAraNAyeM isI AtmasAkSAtkAra ke mAdhyama haiM aura jahA~ taka 'pratIka' kA sambandha hai, vaha dharma, darzana, kalA-vijJAna aura anya jJAna-kSetroM kA eka abhinna aMga hai| pratIka kA itihAsa jJAna ke vikAsa kA itihAsa hai aura jJAna kA nitya vikAsa pratIkoM kA sRjana evaM vistAra hI hai| yahAM para yaha spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki AdimAnavIya dazA meM bhI pratIkoM kA eka deza se dUsare deza yA sthAna meM gamana kI prakiyA (Migvation) eka aisA satya hai jo mAnavIya itihAsa se abhinna rUpa se jur3A huA hai| svAstika, kAsa, trizUla aura aneka pUjA 7 zrImadbhagavadgItA, vibhUtiyoga, pR0 365 8 ArTa eNDa di sAinTiphika thaoNTa, mArTina jaoNnasana, pR0 120 SUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJAJSAJAAJARINA waaaaaaaa M D amannmamimaramana ARDaninMAmyawAJan prAAvAja anAAvara ava onwereyvineerry
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________________ RAKAMANANDANuskuranate-Baatein dae AcAlanamA priya abhisAcAryapravara abhI zrAAnanda anyazrIAnandana 372 dharma aura darzana vAyA AC pratIkoM kA itanA gaharA sambandha hai ki vidvAnoM ne inake astitva ko ekadezIya na mAnakara aMtardezIya mAnA hai| isa tathya se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki dharma, darzana, vijJAna, kalA, sAhitya aura samAjazAstra Adi ke pratIkoM kA prayoga kisI eka jJAna-kSetra se hI sambandhita nahIM hai, varan unakA prayoga aneka kSetroM meM hotA AyA hai aura Aja bhI hotA jA rahA hai| yaha eka aisA kSetra hai jo vijJAna, dharma aura kalA ke ApasI saMvAdoM ko, eka nizcayAtmaka bhAvI saMbhAvanA ke rUpa meM prastuta karatA hai| ataH isa satya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jaba hama yaha dekhate haiM ki 'pratIkoM' ko lekara hama Apasa meM lar3ate haiM, to yaha saMgharSa kitanA bemAnI ho jAtA hai| pratIkopAsanA kA yaha rUpa isa bAta kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki upAsanA meM hama pratIka ke svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karate haiM jo hameM kisI na kisI rUpa meM 'satya' ke nikaTa le jAtA hai| satya ke prati isa prakAra kI sahI dRSTi vibhinna dharmoM ke 'pratIkoM' meM saMgharSa kI sthiti ko kama hI kregii| pratIkopAsanA kA artha unakA saMgharSa nahIM hai, para unakA Adara aura sammAna hai| yahI vaijJAnika dRSTi hai jo tarka evaM viveka ke AdhAra para eka antardRSTi pradAna karatI hai| pratIkoM kA antargamana bhI yahI siddha karatA hai jisakI ora Upara saMketa kiyA gayA / dharma : eka vastugata samasyA uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki koI bhI mAnavIya kriyA nirapekSa nahIM hotI hai aura usakI sApekSatA kisI na kisI vastu yA pratyaya se hotI hai| isa dRSTi se dharma aura vijJAna kA sambandha tathA mahattva mAnava-sApekSa hI hai| Adhunika mAnava kI vaijJAnika-paridRSTi ke dvArA vastugata tArkikatA kI jo dRSTi prApta huI hai, usane dharma ko eka vastugata samasyA ke rUpa meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| yA tu yA maijika aura dharma kA sambandha eka aitihAsika sambandha hai aura dharma ke vikAsa ke sAtha yaha tathya bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki dharma, mAnava aura usake pariveza kI kriyApratikriyA kA phala hai| dharma kA sambandha mAnavIya-bhAgya se jur3A hai aura sAtha hI dharma bhI eka sabala mAnavIya-jIvana paddhati hai kyoMki 'dharma' kA tAtparya hai jo dhAraNa kiyA jA ske| yaha dhAraNa karane kI prakriyA hI mAnava-jIvana sApekSa hai aura dharma, yadi use Aja kI tArkikatA evaM bauddhikatA meM gatizIla honA hai to use yathArtha kI kaThora bhUmi ko sparza karanA hogaa| yaha yathArtha mAnavIya AsthA se pratibaddha hai aura AsthA kA bala Aja kI vaijJAnika pragati se TUTatA jA rahA hai| dharma aura vijJAna kA pArasparika sambandha isI 'AsthA' ko mAnavIya-saMdarbha meM rekhAMkita karanA hai / yahA~ para je0 haksale kA mata hai ki dharma kA rola samAja-sApekSa hai, aura isake lie yaha atyanta Avazyaka hai ki vaha Izvara kI bhAvanA kA tyAga kare aura usakA kahanA hai ki jisa prakAra asura, apsarAe~ aura mizrita devatAoM (Hybrid Gods) kA vilopa hotA jA rahA hai, usI prakAra Izvara kI dhAraNA kA bhI vilopa hotA jA rahA hai|'' Upara se to yaha bAta nitAMta satya hai, kyoMki Aja ke mUlyoM meM jo vighaTana kI pravRtti nayA 6 pratIkoM ke isa antargamana ke vistRta vivecana ke lie dekheM, DA0 jagadIza gupta kI prasiddha pustaka "prAgaitihAsika bhAratIya citrakalA", pR0 400-420 10 Izvara ke nAma para jo aMdhavizvAsa cala par3e haiM unakA tyAga Avazyaka hai, Izvaratva kI ___ bhAvanA kA nhiiN| (sampAdaka) 11 maina ina di mADarna varlDa, je0 haksale, pR0 135
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________________ dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana 373 naal en lakSita ho rahI hai, vaha hara vastu ko asvIkAra kI mudrA meM svIkAratI hai| parantu maiM yaha samajhatA hU~ ki Izvara kI dhAraNA bhI sthira dhAraNA nahIM hai, vaha bhI vikAsonmukha dhAraNA hai / Aja kA vaijJAnika-darzana 'Izvara' ko eka dhAraNA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai aura use nirapekSa na mAnakara sApekSa mAnatA hai| mAnavIya vikAsa-krama kI sApekSatA meM 'Izvara' kI bhAvanA parivartita evaM parivaddhita hotI rahI hai / jaisA ki anyatra saMketa kiyA jA cukA hai ki kisI bhI 'pratIka' ke kSetra ko kevala eka jJAna-kSetra meM hI sImita kara denA, usa pratIka kI artha-sambhAvanAoM ko sImita yA kaMThita kara denA hai| Aja ke bauddhika yuga meM mAnavIya ciMtana ke kSetra meM satyoM kI samarasatA, eka atyanta Avazyaka tattva hai 12 aura dharma tathA vijJAna ke satyoM meM bhI samarasatA apekSita hai| jahA~ taka ina donoM kSetroM kA sambandha hai, ina donoM ke aneka siddhAntoM evaM prasthApanAoM meM virodha evaM samAnatAe~ haiM aura yaha bAta bhI dhyAna meM rakhanI Avazyaka hai ki siddhAntoM kA saMgharSa koI vinAza kA sUcaka nahIM hai, para yaha saMgharSa to eka aisA avasara hai jo jIvana-mUlyoM ke pravAha ko eka naI gati pradAna karatA hai| rUpoM ke pravAha meM jIvana ko vyavasthita evaM surakSita kiyA jA sakatA hai| Adhunika-dharma kI pravAhamayatA jIvana ke isI pravAha ko hRdayaMgama kara sakatI hai aura dUsarI ora vijJAna kI atibauddhikatA ko AsthA evaM AstikatA ke saMsparza se sarasa evaM bodhagamya banA sakatI hai| merI to yaha mAnyatA hai ki vijJAna dharma kI AsthA ko aura dharma ko vijJAna kI tArkikatA ko isa prakAra samAhita karanA hogA ki donoM ekAkAra ho jAeM / jJAna ke kSetra meM harmitA kI 'pighalana' atyanta Avazyaka hai aura Aja kA buddhijIvI apane-apane dAyaroM meM itanA haThadharmI ho gayA hai ki vaha apane kSetra ko hI ekamAtra satya-kSetra mAnatA hai| jIvana ke mUlyoM ko kisI viziSTa sAMce meM sadA DhAlA nahIM jA sakatA hai athavA dusare zabdoM meM, jIvana kI pravAhamayatA ko kisI eka dizA meM bAMdha denA, usake pravAha ko kuMThita hI nahIM karanA hai, para use usakI 'cetanA' se alaga kara denA hai| isa saMdarbha meM dhArmika-anuSThAnoM ke prati avizvAsa kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA hai, varan unake yathocita sammAna kA prazna avazya hai| kisI bhI dhArmika anuSThAna evaM saMskAra kA sammAna isalie kareM ki anuSThAnakartA use kitanI sacAI se karatA hai| 3 'sacAI' ke prati usakI pratibaddhatA hI usakI parIkSA hai| jJAna kA cAhe koI bhI kSetra kyoM na ho, yadi vaha sacAI ke prati pratibaddha nahIM hai, to vaha apane meM hI simaTakara zuturamurgIya-pravRtti kA ho jaaegaa| yaha zuturamurgIya-pravRtti jJAna ke lie eka khataranAka pravRtti hai jo jJAna ko kuMThita kara detI hai| ata: jJAna-kSetroM ke lie AsthA eka Avazyaka tattva hai jo dharma ke pratIkoM tathA mAnyatAoM meM bhI dRSTavya hai / yahI rUpa 'Izvara' aura 'AtmA' kI dhAraNAoM meM milatA hai| advaitavAda, jo dharma tathA darzana kA mukhya vivecya rahA hai, vaha Adhunika vijJAna kI prasthApanAoM ke dvArA puSTa hotA jA rahA hai / baTrenDa rasela, pheDa haoNyala, DA0 AinsTAina Adi vijJAna-dArzanikoM ne vijJAna ke advaita-darzana kI ora saMketa kiyA hai jo yathArtha aura Adarza kA samanvita rUpa hai / isa dRSTi se hama isa vicAradhArA ko AdarzavAda ke hI adhika nikaTa pAte haiN| padArtha kA UrjA (Energy) meM aura UrjA kA padArtha meM 'rUpAntaraNa', unameM 'ekatva' kI sthiti ko spaSTa karatA hai jo dArzanika zabdAvalI meM 'advaita' kA hI rUpa hai| vijJAna aura dharmazAstra yahA~ para eka prazna aura uThatA hai| yorUpa meM isa zatAbdI ke Arambha meM aura Age calakara AAGINIAS E yA 12 sAiMsa eNDa di mADarna varlDa, e0 ena0 hvAiTa heDa, pR0 185 13 di hya mana DesTanI, lI kAmte DyUM nyU, pR0 127 Auranamamasumbasanamumanasamachar sapA pravarA abhibhApravara amara zrIAnandantha zrAAnandamanthara w wwmum moviwoaranowranpurmona
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________________ Arya prava zrI Anandana grantha Amada Amada zrI Anandava 374 dharma aura darzana bhautikI ke aneka siddhAntoM ne vaijJAnikoM ke mana meM yaha vicAra pratiSThita kara diyA ki vaijJAnika prasthApanAeM dharmazAstra ke sRSTi viSayaka siddhAntoM kI puSTi karatI hai yaha mata kisI sImA taka sahI mAnA jA sakatA hai, para yorupIya itihAsa meM rUsa kI krAnti aura vizva yuddhoM kI vibhISikA ne vaijJAnikoM aura buddhijIviyoM ko bhIru banA diyA jisake phalasvarUpa ve rUr3hivAdI tathyoM kI ora gatizIla hue| vaijJAnikoM kI yaha bhIrutA isa tathya kI ora bhI dhyAna AkarSita karatI hai ki carca aura rAjatantra ke Adhipatya ke kAraNa vaijJAnikoM kA unake siddhAntoM ke virodha meM kucha bhI Izvara ke Adeza kA ullaMghana karanA thaa| gailIliyo bano, DAbina Adi aneka vaijJAnikadArzanikoM ke sAtha nRzaMsa vyavahAra hI nahIM kiyA gayA, para gailIliyo ko mRtyudaNDa bhI diyA gyaa| usakA aparAdha kevala yaha thA ki dharma kI manokalpita paramparAgata dhAraNA ko usane vaijJAnika AviSkAroM ke dvArA sahita kiyaa| gailIliyo ne sUrya ko saura maNDala kA kendra mAnA thaa| isI prakAra DArvina ke vikAsavAdI siddhAnta ne mAnava ko Izvara kA divya avarohaNa na mAnakara mAnava ko anya mAnavetara prANiyoM kI zrRMkhalA se jor3akara mAnava ko vikAsa krama kA sabase viziSTa jIvapArI ghoSita kiyaa| isa siddhAnta ne 'Izvara' kI alaukika rUpAtmaka dhAraNA ke prati eka praznacihna lgaayaa| dharma evaM vijJAna ke isa saMgharSa ko maThAdhIzoM ne apanI sattA kA anta mAnA aura phalasvarUpa, jJAna ke nava kSitijoM ko udghATita na hone se lie unhoMne bharasaka prayatna kiyA / ve yaha bhUla gae ki jJAna kI gatyAtmakatA kA avarodha eka aparAdha hai aura vaijJAnika - dArzanikoM, anveSakoM, sarjakoM aura buddhijIviyoM ko 'zAna' ke udghATana meM kisI bhI aisA aparAdha hai jise itihAsa kabhI bhI svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA hai / prakAra kA hastakSepa eka Guai Murp dharmazAstroM kI sRSTi racanA aura isake sAtha vijJAna kA sRSTi-siddhAMta eka tathya kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki Aditattva ke rUpa meM kucha na kucha avazya thA / tarka ke AdhAra para bhI yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki astitva kisI na kisI 'bhavitA' kI dhAraNA ko svIkAra karatA hai| dharmazAstroM meM isa bhavitA ko koI na koI 'nAma' diyA gayA hai jaise brahmA, mRttikA, piMDa, Izvara Adi / sRSTi kA visphuraNa ina 'tatvoM' se hotA to hai, para yaha visphuraNa aneka kautuhaloM evaM AzcaryoM se bharA huA hai, aura kabhI-kabhI aisA lagatA hai ki yaha kyA indrajAla hai ? vijJAna aura dharma kA pArasparika sambandha yahA~ para dRSTigata ho sakatA hai, kyoMki vaijJAnika ciMtana se isa iMdrajAla ko eka naI dRSTi se samajhA jA sakatA hai| Aditattva yA Adi kAraNa kI dhAraNA ko samajhane ke lie vijJAna dvArA pratipAdita anizcitatA ke siddhAMta ko vivecita karanA Avazyaka hai| hijinabarga ne 1620 meM pahalI bAra bhautikI ke kSetra meM isa siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyaa| isa siddhAMta ke anusAra yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki kisI kama kI sthiti aura usake saMvega kA nizcita nirdhAraNa asaMbhava hai| pratyeka nirdhAraNa meM kucha na kucha truTi raha hI jAtI hai| yaha siddhAMta sRSTi-viSayaka prasthApanAoM ko anirdhAraNa kI sthiti meM mAnatA hai aura isake sAtha hI sAtha isa siddhAMta ke prakAza meM yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki dizA aura kAla sambandhI hamAre purAne yaMtra Adhunika bhautikI kI AvazyakatA ke lie aparyApta hai| Adhunika vaijJAnika pragati ne dikkAla kI dhAraNA ko eka navIna AyAma pradAna kiyA hai kyoMki AiMsTAina ke sApekSavAdI siddhAMta ne ina dhAraNAoM kA sApekSika mahattva svIkAra kiyA hai| AiMsTAina ne yaha mAnA hai ki jahA~ sAbuna ke bulabule kI do vimAe~ yA AyAma haiM, vahIM vizva bubu ke cAra AyAma hai- tIna AyAma dik ke aura eka AyAma kAla 14 vaijJAnika paridRSTi, pR0 82, 83, rasela /
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________________ dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana 375 ANCE CE kaa| yahI nahIM, vizva-rahasya aura sRSTi ke viSaya meM yaha prasthApanA eka mahattvapUrNa tathya kI ora saMketa karatI hai ki 'jisa dravya se yaha bubud banAyA gayA hai vaha sAbuna kI philma hai jo zUnya / AkAza kA paryAya hai aura sAtha hI jisakI jhalAI zUnya kAla para kI gaI hai| zUnya kI yaha avadhAraNA dharmazAstra ke aneka siddhAMtoM ke samakakSa baiThatI hai| tAMtrikoM kA zUnya tattva aura upaniSadoM kA brahma yA neti-neti tattva-isI zUnya kI pratidhvani hai| ise hI hAiDrojana kA golAkAra piMDa bhI kaha sakate haiM kyoMki sRSTi krama yahIM se Arambha mAnA gayA hai| isa vaijJAnika prasthApanA meM 'hAiDrojana' eka dravya ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai aura isa piMDa kI cakrAkAra gati kramazaH saMkocana prakriyA ke dvArA ThaMDI hotI gaI aura phalata: grahoM kA nirmANa hotA gyaa|15 ataH sRSTi racanA eka nirantara gatizIla prakriyA hai aura dharma meM isa prakriyA kA kAraNa kisI 'Adi tattva' ko mAnA gayA hai / parantu vijJAna meM yaha 'Aditattva' (brahma, Izvara Adi) eka dravya yA pRSThabhUmi-padArtha ke rUpa meM mAnya hai jo eka prakriyA kA phala hai / dharmazAstra ke uparyukta svarUpa ke prakAza meM jesparsa kA eka mahatvapUrNa kathana hai jo Izvara aura dharmazAstra ke ApasI sambandha ko rUpAyita karatA hai| vaha kahatA hai ki Izvara kI parikalpanA hI dharmazAstra kA viSaya hai athavA dUsare zabdoM meM, Izvara kI parikalpanA ko hI dharmazAstra kahA jA sakatA hai| 16 isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki dharmazAstra kA kSetra bhI bauddhika avadhAraNA kA kSetra hai jo eka aisI bhASA kA sRjana karatA hai jo pratIkoM aura jesparsa ke zabdoM meM 'sAiphara' (cypher) kI sRjana-prakriyA se gujaratA hai| jJAna kA koI bhI kSetra 'sRjana' prakriyA ke isa mahatvapUrNa daura se avazya gujaratA hai| kyoMki jJAna kI prakriyA eka sRjana-prakriyA hai| devI zakti kI dhAraNA dharmazAstra ke isa bhASAgata svarUpa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jJAna ke sApekSa mahattva kA hii| pratipAdana hotA hai aura isake sAtha hI sAtha vikAsavAdI paramparA ke dvArA bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai| jaba vikAsavAda eka nayA siddhAnta thA, taba use dharma kA virodhI mAnA gayA thA parantu citakoM kA eka aisA varga udita ho gayA hai jo vikAsa krama meM kramaza: prakaTa hotI huI daivI-zakti ko mAnatA hai jisake anusAra Izvara kI dhAraNA vikAsa-krama se jur3I huI hai aura isa dRSTi se, Izvara koI nirapekSa tattva na hokara eka sApekSa dhAraNA hai| isake viparIta eka varga aisA bhI hai jo isa vikAsakrama ko jIvita jaivika-aMgoM kA eka durbodha saMyojana mAnate haiN| isake anusAra vikAsa-krama ke dvArA hama apane hI prayojanoM kI pUrti karate haiM aura isa dRSTikoNa ke dvArA hama Izvara ke prayojanoM kI pUrti karate haiN| vikAsavAdI-siddhAnta kI yaha eka vizeSatA hai ki vaha mAnava nAmadhArI prANI ko eka viziSTa pariprekSya meM dekhatA hai aura use vikAsa-krama kA sabase viziSTa prANI mAnatA hai| yadi sUkSma dRSTi se dekhA jAya, to vikAsa kA prayojana yaha viziSTIkRta 'mAnava' hI hai aura 'Izvara' kA (yA anya kisI dhAraNA kA) pratyaya usakI avadhAraNA kI zakti kA phala hai| ata: vyaktigata rUpa se maiM vikAsavAdI siddhAMta ko isa dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa mAnatA hU~, kyoMki isa mata meM Izvara aura mAnava kA sApekSa sambandha hai, aura Izvara, mAnava kI bauddhika prakriyA kA eka avadhAraNAtmaka pratyaya hI hai / dharma meM Izvara kA yahI avadhAraNAtmaka rUpa prApta hotA hai aura Izvara kA sAkAra rUpa, mAnava kI usI mahattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| dhArmika 'parama tattva' kI bhAvanA bhI isI tathya kI ora 15 da necara Apha yUnIvarsa' pheDa haoNyala, pR0 62 16 TUtha eNDa simbala, jesparsa, pR0 75 Umay . T Niu M . - - - wwwraaeewwwwwwmarwarimanoparnwurav
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________________ mernamaAAAAA AARARIAAIAMANASAMAnimov i eIAADABAJAJANAAKAAJaparindaindian AcAryapravaranAzAjAcAtara 425 zrIAnandagrantha zrAAnandAan51 womameramanaraamaroor mvivNN 376 dharma aura darzana KI saMketa karatI hai / antara kevala itanA hai ki dharma meM Izvara yA brahma kA svarUpa nirapekSa evaM nirAlamba sthiti kA dyotaka hai jise siddhoM tathA nAthoM kI 'nirati' dazA kA paryAya mAnA jA sakatA hai| bhautikI se jIva-vijJAna taka kI yAtrA eka dilacaspa dazA kI ora saMketa karatI hai| isa yAtrA ke prakAza meM hama kramazaH eka brahmAMDIya viSaya se eka saMkIrNa kSetrIya viSaya kA sAkSAtkAra karate haiN| bhautikI aura jyotiSa ke dvArA hama eka vistRta aura vyApaka vizva ke rahasyoM ke prati saceta hote haiM, na ki 'vizva' ke kevala eka kone kA jisa para ki hama raha rahe haiN| dharma meM kevala pRthvI kI hI kalpanA nahIM hai, para pRthvI ke atirikta anya lokoM tathA nakSatroM kI bhI eka balavAna paramparA prApta hotI hai jo Upara se dekhane para eka vitaMDA ke samAna lagatI ho, para gaharAI meM jAne para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ye sabhI dhArmika kalpanAeM vizva ke eka atyaMta vyApaka pariveza ko ujAgara karatI haiN| sRSTi-racanA meM isa vyApaka vizva kI saMracanA para vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai jo vizva kI gahanatA ke sAtha dika aura kAla ke catuAyAmika-vizva ke agAdha svarUpa ko udghATita karatI hai| vijJAna bhI vizva kI isI agAdhatA kA avagAhana karanA cAhatA hai aura dharma tathA darzana kA dhyeya bhI isI agAdhatA kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai-aMtara kevala paddhati aura dRSTi kA hai| sRSTi kI isa vyApakatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara isake prayojana kA anusaMdhAna karanA dharmazAstra kA viSaya hai ; parantu vijJAna anizcitatA ke siddhAMta ke dvArA kisI aMtima prayojana kI ghoSaNA nahIM kara sakatA hai| maiM to yaha mAnatA hU~ ki sRSTi svayaM meM eka prayojana hai, phira usake prayojana kA kyA tAtparya ? isI prakAra mAnava svayaM apanA hI prayojana hai aura Izvara bhI apanA hI prayojana hai| vikAsavAdI dharmazAstra "mAnava apanA svayaM hI prayojana hai" ke pratyaya ko eka tAkika pariprekSya meM rakhatA hai kyoMki vikAsavAda 'mAnava' ko hI apanA prayojana mAnatA hai aura cUMki mAnava nAmadhArI prANI ke pAsa 'mana' kA eka atyaMta vikasita rUpa prApta hotA hai jo mAnavetara prANiyoM meM apekSAkRta kama vikasita hai| vikAsa krama meM, jahA~ eka ora bhautika saMgaThana kA pArimArjana huA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora 'mana' yA cetanA kA bhI kramika vikAsa huA hai| yahAM para yaha tathya bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki dravya yA padArtha aura mana yA cetanA kA vikAsa samAnAntara hI huA hai athavA dravya hI mana hai aura mana hI dravya hai| padArtha aura mana kA dvaita, Aja ke vaijJAnika-citana meM mAnya nahIM hai aura yaha mAnyatA dharma aura darzana ke kSetroM meM bhI utanI hI svIkArya hai jitanI Adhunika vaijJAnika-darzana meM / padArtha aura UrjA, dravya aura mana, prakRti aura puruSa, ziva aura zakti Adi yugala-rUpoM meM dvaita ke mAdhyama se 'advaita' kI hI sthApanA hotI hai| vikAsavAdI dharmazAstra isI 'advaita' ko rUpAyita karatA hai jo cetanA ke kramika ArohaNa kA rUpa hai| yahI bAta avatAroM ke bAre meM bhI satya hai jisakI ora prathama hI saMketa ho cukA hai| yahA~ para eka anya sthiti kI ora dhyAna AkarSita karanA Avazyaka hai mArgana ne vikAsaparamparA ke sAtha daivI-zakti kI kalpanA kI hai| mArgana eka jIva-vijJAnI bhI thA aura sAtha hI, dhArmika bhAvanA se yukta ciMtaka bhii| yahI kAraNa hai ki usane vikAsa krama meM eka devI-prayojana dekhA hai| usakA kahanA hai--"kabhI-kabhI aisA hotA hai ki viziSTa prakAra se vyavasthita kie gae padArthoM kA saMkalana eka navIna guNa-dharma ko prApta kara letA hai jo vyaktigata rUpa meM una padArthoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai aura na una padArthoM se 'usakA' nigamana hI kiyA jA sakatA hai|" yahAM para aisA lagatA hai ki mArgana kI 'daivI-zakti nirapekSa hai kyoMki vaha padArthoM kI saMgaThanA se alaga hai (AAR PI 1 imarajeMTa evolyUzana, laoNyaDa mArgana, pR0 50
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________________ dharma kA vaijJAnika vivecana 377 --- jabaki cetanA ke kramika vikAsa ke sAtha hI yaha daivI-prayojana yA zakti nihita hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, cetanA hI daivI zakti hai jo ajaiva se lekara jaiva-jagata taka eka kramika gatizIlatA kA paricaya detI hai| ataH yaha kahanA adhika upayukta hogA ki vikAsa kA prayojana cetanA kA kramika vikAsa hai jo daivI-prayojana kA paryAya hai| yadi kisI ko daivI-prayojana se Apatti hai, to mujhe vizvAsa hai ki 'cetanA' se unheM Apatti na hogI kyoMki cetanA kA vikAsa hI sRSTi kA AdhAra hai| 'cetanA' ke isI svarUpa kA vizleSaNa manovijJAna tathA darzana donoM kA viSaya hai aura dharma bhI eka viziSTa mAnavIya prakriyA hai jo 'cetanA' ke svarUpa tathA artha-kSetra ko eka viziSTa saMdarbha detI hai / bhAratIya tathA pAzcAtya manovijJAna meM eka viziSTa aMtara hai| pAzcAtya manovijJAna kevala 'mana' kI kriyAoM taka hI sImita hai jabaki bhAratIya manovijJAna mana kI kriyAoM ke atirikta mana se bhI sUkSma dharAtaloM kA 'vijJAna' hai| dUsare zabdoM meM bhAratIya manovijJAna kevala mana taka hI sImita nahIM hai, para vaha mana se bhI sUkSma pratyayoM kA AviSkAra kara sakA hai|' mana se bhI pare mAnavIya cetanA kI vikAsa-zaktiyoM ko dikhAnA bhAratIya manovijJAna kA kedrabindu hai| yahA~ para mana se sUkSma prANa hai aura prANa se AtmA sUkSma hai| isa prakAra 'mana' yA mAnasikatA eka dharAtalIya svarUpa hai para isase sUkSma tathA gahana eka gupta evaM avyakta 'zakti' hai jo cetanA-zakti (di phorsa Apha kAnzesanesa) ke nAma se abhimita hai jo prakRti aura vizva kI kriyAtmaka zakti hai| maharSi ariviMda ne cetanA-zakti ko isI kriyAtmaka zakti ke rUpa meM svIkArA hai aura jahA~ taka maiM samajha sakA hU~ yaha cetanA-zakti mAnavIya aura mAnavetara 'vizva' meM vibhinna staroM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| dharma aura darzana inhIM staroM ko udghATita karatA hai aura Adhunika manovijJAna aura vikAsavAdI middhAMta bhI mana ke gahana-staroM ke sAkSAtkAra meM gatizIla rahe haiN| Adhunika manovijJAna kI do dhArAe~ isa ora gatizIla hai--eka hai ahaM (Ego) kI dhAraNA aura dUsarI hai parAahaM (Super Ego) kI bhAvanA jo kamaza: mana se sUkSma pratyayoM kA svarUpa hai| uparyukta vizleSaNa ke prakAza meM yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki Adhunika vaijJAnika pragati aura usase udbhUta ciMtana kI dizAeM 'dharma' kI aneka prasthApanAoM kI puSTi bhI karatI hai aura dUsarI ora, dhArmika bhAvanA aura dharmazAstra ke sRSTiviSayaka siddhAMtoM ko samajhane ke lie eka vyApaka paridRSTi prastuta karatI hai| mAnavIya 'jJAna' kI parisImAe~ sApekSika haiM, ve kisI bhI dazA meM nirapekSa nahIM haiM aura dharma ko 'jJAna' kA eka kSetra mAnakara hI usake sahI svarUpa ko jAnA jA sakatA hai| kisI bhI jJAna kSetra ko aMdhavizvAsa athavA haThadharmitA se nahIM samajhA jA sakatA hai aura vijJAna aura dharma ke sahI sambandha ko samajhane ke lie usa haThadharmitA ko tyAganA apekSita hai| 25 KNON 1 hiMda sAikolojI, svAmI akhilAnanda, 10 15 2 sAiMsa eNDa kalcara, zrI ariviMda, pR0 42 AAJARMANADRAMANABAJAIAAKJANAJADAJANOARNManaia n R ILHAJANAPRIMARIRAMMALADAKIRIA.ABAJA wr