Books and Papers

Author(s): A N Upadhye
Publisher: Hindi Granth Ratnakar
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/020091/1

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BOOKS AND PAPERS
BY Prof. A. N. UPADHYE, M.A., D.LITT.
RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
KOLHAPUR
1957

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ADINATHA NEMINĀTHA UPADHYE
Born on 6-2-1906 at Sadalga (Dt. Belgaum); Primary education at the village; Secondary education at the G.A. High School, Belgaum; College education at the Rajaram College, Kolhapur, and Willingdon College, Sangli; passed his B.A. with Sanskrit Hons, and Ardhamāgadhi (Prākrits) in 1928; Attended Post-graduate Lectures at the Bhandarkar O.R. Institute, Poona; Passed his M.A. (First Class) with Ardhamāgadhi (Prākrits) and Sanskrit in 1930; Appointed Lecturer in Ardhamāgadhi (Prākrits) at the Rajaram College, Kolhapur, in 1930 and confirmed as Professor in 1933; Took his D.Litt. degree of the University of Bombay in 1939; Awarded Springer Research Scholarship of the University of Bombay for three years 1939-42; Elected Sectional President of the Prākrit, Pāli, Buddhism and Jainism Section of the All-India Oriental Conference, Hyderabath' 1941; Absorbed in the Bombay Educational Service IL after the merger of the Kolhapur State.

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BOOKS AND PAPERS
BY
PROFESSOR A. N. UPADHYE, M.A., D.LITT.
RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
Sole Agents : HINDI GRANTH RATNAKAR (PRIVATE) LTD.
HIRABAG, BOMBAY 4

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CONTENTS Section Foreword Preface ..
I Books, with Contents and Reviews II Papers, with Summaries III Reviews IV Prefaces ..
V General Editorial Index
.. ..
Pages
iii-vi vii-xi
1-28 29-51 52-58 5960-62 63–
ABBREVIATIONS A.-I.O.C.:-All-India Oriental Conference B.O.R.I.: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute B.V.: Bharatiya Vidyā E.I.:--Epigraphia Indica I.C.: - Indian Culture I.H.R. Indiản Historical Quarterly J.A.: Smě Antiquary J.B.BP.S.:-Journal of the Boyabay Branch Royal Asiatic
Society J.S.B.:-Jaina Siddhānta Bhāskara J.U.B.:--Journal of the University of Bombay N.I.A.:-New Indian Antiquary O.L.D.:-Oriental Literary Digest

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FOREWORD
At the outset I extend warmest compliments to Dr. Upadhye for the great quantity and quality of his literary output as recorded in this Bibliography, which, I am sure, will not only prove useful to scholars working in kindred fields but also send many to a renewed appreciation of the mass of literary data presented by this great savant. I am here reminded of the Rigvedic statement (X. 71-2) of a supreme truth relating to literary activities:
saktum iva titaünā punanto yatra dhirā manasā vācam akrata/ atrā sakhāyaḥ sakhyāni jānate
bhadraisām laksmīr nihitādhi vāci// The men who have awakened intellect (dhira) through the strenuous effort of their spirit (manasā) produce works of literature (vāk). When this part of the work is accomplished, there come others, literary friends devoted to common pursuits (sakhāyaḥ), who perceive and recognize community of effort (sakhyāni), and point out the excellences and merits (bhadrā laksmih) imprinted in their literary creations. Thus the authors and friendly critics are complementary to each other, and together they promote all science and literature.
The bibliographical material so methodically presented in these pages will be instrumental in welding the intellectual fellowship above envisaged which is so dear to the heart of every scholar. It is a rare privilege in life to be devoted to uninterrupteil work in the manner of Dr. Upadhye. He has made himself celebrated among serious linguists by his erudite editions of difficult Prākrit and Apabhramsa texts and numerous papers on the problems of language and literature. As Dr. Sukhthankar of epic fame had hinted many years ago, Dr. Upadhye is a pastmaster in the art of critical editing. He combines in himself the learning of the oriental Pandit and the argus-eyed critical faculty of the new scholar, with which he approaches his task. By a system of checks and counterchecks evolved for himself

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he is able to present a thoroughly reliable text of the old classics for which the Mss. material is sometimes scanty. His are variorum editions replete with annotations and accessories of all kinds that help in the understanding of the author's meaning.
The other meritorious feature of his editions are the comprehensive learned Intoductions packed with exhaustive information about the author, his life, date and works, and the subjectmatter of the text edited. Herein is reflected the full blazing light of Dr. Upadhye's scholarship, patient research and manysided intellectual equipment. Their contents have some times, as in the case of the Pravacanasāra and the Brhat-Kathākoša, taken the form of dissertations bringing to focus a mass of new material marshalled with competence and clarity.
Dr. Upadhye has upto now edited the following fourteen texts: (1) Pamcasuttam: a Prākrit text by an unknown author,
with extracts from Haribhadra's commentary. (2) Pravacanasāra of Kundakunda: a Prākrit text with two
Sanskrit commentaries. (3) Paramātma-prakāśa of Yogindudeva: an Apabhramsa
work on medieval Jaina mysticism. (4) Varāngacarita of Jatā-Simhanandi: a Sanskrit Kävya
of the 7th century A.D. (5) Kamsavaho of Rāma Pānivāda: a Prākrit poem., (6) Usaniruddham: a Prākrit poem attributed to Rāma
Pāṇivāda. (7) Tiloyapannatti of Yativrsabha, Vols I & II: a Prākrit
text on Jaina cosmography, (8) Brhat-Kathākośa: a thesaurus of 157 tales in Sanskrit,
written in 932 A.D. (9) Dhūrtākhyāna of Haribhadra, a critical essay on: a
Prākrit satire of the 8th century A.D. (10) Candralekha of Rudradāsa: a Prākrit drama. (11) Līlāvai Kahā of Kutūhala: a Prākrit poem (c. 800 A.D). (12) Anandasundarī of Ghanaśyāma: a Prākrit drama. (13) Kattigeyānuppekkhā of Svāmi Kumāra: a Prākrit
treatise on Jainism, with the Sanskrit commentary of Subhacandra (under publication).

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V
(14) Kuvalayamālā Kahā of Uddyotanasuri: an important Prakrit Katha text (under publication).
Texts Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 14 are edited and rescued for the first time.
Dr. Upadhye has also acted as General Editor and organised the work of (a) the Jivaraja Jaina Granthamala, Sholapur, and (b) the Juanapitha Murtidevi Jaina Granthamālā, Banaras; and as Editor-in-cooperation of the Jaina Siddhanta Bhaskara and Jaina Antiquary, and of the magnum opus religious text of the Digambara school, viz., the Satkhandagama with the Dhavala, of which Dr. Hiralal is the Editor. His literary work has been punctuated by diversionary activity in the form of about one hundred papers on problems of Prakrit. Sanskrit and Apabhraisa literary history and Indian culture contributed to various research Journals.
The plan of this practical Bibliography of his writings is as follows. In the First Section an account is given of the edited texts. Each text is described and introduced with a detailed Table of Contents, followed by extracts of Select Opinions and Reviews of the same. In the Second Section a full list of the author's Papers is given, noting the title, the name of the Journal or Volume where it was published with full reference, and also indicating the nature of its contents. In the Third Seetion we have a list of Reviews of more than fifty books contributed by Dr. Upadhye to various Journals which shows how he has been keeping himself abreast of the work of others ploughing a field which is kindred to his own.
All this work is his achievement, in addition to the teaching work at the Rajaram College, Kolhapur, which as the quiet congenial corner (nida) for his creative activity deserves mention. Well did Carlyle say: 'Blessed is he who has got his life's work: let him ask for no other blessedness.' Dr. Upadhye asks for no other blessedness.
Dr. Upadhye, as a professor, has trained himself in the discipline of making the best use of his summer and winter vacations. He loads them with strenuous labour and extracts from them a fruitful harvest. He seems to suck joy from this hobby, which is but another name for svantaḥ sukhāya application, or

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what in more ancient terminology was designated as the nişkārana-dharma prescribed for an intellectual. As such even the smallest details of work are sanctifying for him. The entire gamut of editorial work from the collecting of material, textcollation, critical assessment, etc., upto proof-reading is executed single-handed as a gladdening symphony.
Dr. Upadhye is still in the full bloom of his energy, and the warm embers of his mind may blaze forth in even greater literary monuments. May God grant him a saradaḥ śatam lease of longevity to retrieve many other important texts from the obscure corners of the ancient Grantha-Bhandāras.
Banaras Hindu University
26-1-1957
VASUDEVA S. AGRAWALA
M.A., Ph.D., D.LITT. Professor, College of Indology

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DR. A. N. UPADHYE AT HIS FAVOURITE TABLE

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PREFACE
It is now fully realized by all workers in the fields of ancient Indian Culture and Modern Indo-Aryan Languages that their studies are bound to remain incomplete and imperfect as long as the relevant material from Prakrit literature and languages is not availed of. Consequently, some scholars are today engaged in Prakrit studies for which there is still a vast area of virgin soil and the results of which are sure to enrich the Indian heritage. A true picture of ancient India can be had only from a judicious study of the Sanskrit, Prakrit and Pali literatures. Lately, many of my colleagues have written for offprints of my earlier papers, or at least for references to them; and it is at their suggestion and request that I made myself bold to bring out this Bibliography.
My modest contributions to Indological studies, as seen from this Bibliography, are in two forms: first, Prakrit and Sanskrit works edited, authentically, if not critically, for the first time, in some cases from very rare material, along with exhaustive, critical monographs on the author and his writings; secondly, papers on isolated topics bringing to light new facts or coordinating old ones.
Texts like the Varangacarita, Brhat Kathakosa, Kamsavaho, Lilāvai, Camdaleha, etc., have been not only brought to light for the first time but also studied thoroughly from various points of view, giving them their due place in the history of Indian literature. A Prakrit, Apabhramsa or Sanskrit text, whether of one religion or another, cannot be studied in isolation, but needs to be assessed in the larger pattern of Indian culture and literature as a whole: my essays on the Brhat Kathakosa, Paramātma-prakāśa and Dhurtākhyana have fully borne this point in view. The Introduction to the Camdaleha brings to light a number of Saṭṭakas from Mss. and their study supplies valuable data for reviewing the growth of the Indian drama. Some of these essays are very concise, as they are by way of Introductions rather than independent treatises. It is hoped that the

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viii
future historian of Indian literature will nd sufficient material in them on that particular author or work.
A large number of papers are devoted to the study of individual authors and works, discussing a number of literary and chronological problems. Some of them deal with linguistic topics, and a few others are devoted to the elucidation of cultural and religious questions. Some papers (II 37, 50, 64) make a survey of Prakrit languages and literature, in part or as a whole. The essay on Prakrit literature is a summary of a large amount of material on the subject.
It is only incidentally that my book-reviews and the publications with which I am associated as General Editor are listed here.
In this context, it is pleasant to look back and remember with gratitude what I owe to my teachers, friends and colleagues. Dr. P. L. Vaidya, now Director, Mithila Institute, Darbhanga, initiated me in Prakrit studies and showed me the possibilities as well as the lines of research in this neglected branch of Indology. During my college days, his personal library was always open to me, thanks to Mrs. Vaidya, even when he was not at home. What I owe to this great savant is beyond expression.
As a post-graduate student I attended the lectures of the late lamented Dr. V. S. Sukhtankar on Comparative Philology: in later years, I had many occasions of closer contact with him. If I concentrated on critical editions, that was due to the advice and inspiring example of this great Editor of the Mahabharata. On the value of critical texts, he wrote to me once (June 4, 1942): "That was a great drawback in Indian scholarship, that the Indian Sanskritists had no regard for the text. I am glad that that want is being rapidly met by the appearance of scholars like yourself, who realize the value of a reliable text and take the pains to produce one. Only a sound and critical text can serve as the foundation of further research in literature. In the absence of such texts, all subsequent research is sheer waste of good time and energy, as has proved to be the case in so many notable instances of operating with a corrupt or defective text. Half the controversies in the world would never have been begun if we had better texts!"

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ix
At the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona, I had the good luck of studying portions of the Atharvaveda and a couple of Upaniṣads under Dr. S. K. Belvalkar. Even after my student days, I have received much guidance from him. He gave me a valuable piece of advice (August 21, 1939): "Just one word of caution from an elder colleague in the line: anantapāram kila sabda-śāstram, and at your age and with your energy there is the temptation to attempt everything. It often leads to a crop of unfinished projects, which weigh heavily upon you as you approach the end of your journey. Please therefore do choose the very best and the highest that you want to achieve and just concentrate upon that. Let the lesser works be left severely alone. Secondly, the niceties of scholarship are good in their own way; but one must not lose the wood for trees. Works which smell too much of the midnight lamp and indulge in an uncalled-for display of scholarship do not do half as much good to the society as certain other less profound but eminently practical publications. There is always the golden mean, which it requires a wise man to choose." I have always kept this advice in mind. I made it a point not to undertake too many things and never to leave anything half way. Of the two works which I have on hand now, the critical edition of the Kattigeyāṇuppekkhā, with the Sanskrit commentary on Subhacandra, is nearing completion; and the Kuvalayamala, when published, will bring to light for the first time a great Prakrit Campū. This latter work has taken the little leisure left from college duties for more than half a dozen years, but the rigorous work that it is exacting from me has been itself a source of great joy.
I am not a cynic, but I do feel that the generation of scholars to which the triumvirate mentioned above belonged is not being suitably replaced: naturally, I feel intensely for the integrity and rigour of scholarship which they maintained. I have been benefited by their advice, and I have quoted from it with a hope that their words might prove a lesson to others as well.
I thank the Editors of Journals and my reviewers, printers and publishers: some of them, especially Muni Shri Jinavijayaji, General Editor of the famous Singhi Jaina Series, accommodated my editions in the most critical times of the War. About them I

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can only quote the famous lines of Bhartrhari:
para-guna-paramānūn parvatīkrtya loke/
nija-hỉdi vikasantaḥ santi santaḥ kiyantaḥ// Working as we have been in common fields of study, my friend, Prof. Dr. Hiralal Jain, now Director of the PrākritJaina Institute, Vaishali (Bihar), has been of great help to me. There is hardly a week when we do not exchange letters, and we meet often to discuss our literary plans. As General Editors of some Granthamālās, listed in Section V of this Bibliography, we have worked together in harmony: if we have differences in academic matters, we have agreed to differ; but that has never affected our friendship or our cooperation in the cause of studies so close to both our hearts.
The number of scholars and friends, both in India and outside, who have helped me in various ways in my researches, is pretty large; and I must mention with gratefulness the names of at least the following: Pt. Sukhalalaji, Ahmedabad; Shri K. P. Jain, Aliganj; Prof. K. G. Kundangar, Belgaum; Pt. Nathuram Premi, Bombay; Prof. H. D. Velankar, Bombay; Dr. S. K. Chatterji, Calcutta; Shri Chhotelal Jain, Calcutta; Pt. Jugalkishore Mukthar, Delhi; Prof. K. K. Handiqui, Gauhati; Dr. W. Schubring, Hamburg; Dr. L. Alsdorf, Hamburg; Muni Shri Jinavijayi, Jaipur; Dr. A. Master, London; Dr. V. Raghavan, Madras; Prof. D. L. Narasimhachar, Mysore; Dr. Vittori Pisani, Milano; the late Dr. F. W. Thomas, Oxford; Dr. L. Renou, Paris; Dr. R. N. Dandekar, Poona; Dr. P. K. Gode, Poona; Dr. S. M. Katre, Poona; the late Br. Shitalprasadaji, Surat; the late Pt. K. Samba Shiv Shastri, Trivandrum.
I record my sincere gratitude to the Principals of the Rajaram College, Kolhapur, during the last twenty-seven years: Dr. Balkrishna, Prof. B. H. Khardekar, Dr. A. G. Pawar, Prof. V. K. Gokak, Prof. D. P. Patravali and Prof. Arinando Menezes. Dr. Balkrishna is no more with us. Sapling that I was, he helped me take deep root in the field of research with a good library for Prākrit studies in the College. All the Principals have been so good and encouraging to me that the debt of gratitude which I owe to them can never be redeemed: I, however, concede to them, wherever they are, the right to demand from me a full

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account of my research work, which, I assure them, I shall continue with the same zeal with which I began.
I thank my friend Dr. V. S. Agrawala, Banaras, the eminent Indologist, for his Foreword to this Bibliogaphy.
Karmanyevâdhikars te/
A. N. UPADHYE
Rajaram College, Kolhapur.
6-2--1957

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TO MY MOTHER

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I. BOOKS
*1. Pumcusuttam of an Unknown Ancient Writer: Prākrit Text edited with Introduction, Translation, Notes with copious Extracts from Haribhadra's Commentary, and a Glossary. Second Ed., Revised and Enlarged, Crown pp. 96, Kolhapur 1934.
CONTENTS 1. Introduction
1-14 2. Prakrit Text: Pancasuttai
15–28 3. Notes
29-58 1. Pancastitia: Translation
59-83 5. (lossary
85-96 SELECT OPINIONS
DR. W. SCHUBRING, Hamburg: ... the work is well done, the text being printed correctly--though without ya-śruti, as peculiar to Jaina works the notes being copious and the translation fluent and well-styled.'
Dr. BARNETT, London: ... your excellent edition of Pamcasutta.'
DR. . WINTERNITZ, Prague: ....a very useful addition to our knowledge of Jaina literature. Intro., Notes and Translation are very welcome.
*2. Pravacanasāra of Kundakunda. An authoritative work on Jaina ontology, epistemology etc.: Prākrit text, the Sanskrit commentaries of Amộtacandra and Jayasena, Hindi exposition by Pande Hemarāja: Edited with an English Translation and a critical elaborate Introduction etc. New Edition, Published in the Rāyachandra Jaina Šāstramālā, Vol. 9. Royal Svo pp. 16+132+376+64, Bombay 1935.
CONTENTS Preface
11-14 Introduction
1--cxxvi

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2
11 *2 -
i-X
A. N. UPADHYE 1. Sri Kundakundācārya
A general appreciation of Kundakunda. Traditional names of Kundakunda..Vakragrīva as a name of Kundakunda discussed.---Elācārya as a name of K. discussed.-Grdhrapiccha as a name of K. discussed.Conclusion about his names.--Autobiographical relics of Kundakunda.—Traditional biography of K.-Another traditional story about K. Scrutiny of the above two traditional stories.-Spiritual parentage, etc. of Kundakunda.
X-XXIV
2. Kundakunda's Date
Our approach to the problem.---The traditional date of Kundakunda. Date proposed by Pt. Premi.Date proposed by Dr. Pathak.--Date proposed by Prof. Chakravarti.-Pt. Jugalkishore's view on the date.--A summary of the facts.--Kundakunda's posteriority to S'vetā. and Diga. Division.-Kundakunda as the Sisya of Bhadrabābu discussed.-Kundakunda's Authorship of Satkhandāgamaţikā discussed.
-Kundakunda as a contemporary of Sivakumāra discussed. Kundakunda as the author of the Kural.—Later limit for the date suggested from literary and epigraphie evidences. --The two limits and the possible conclusion. -Prākrit dialect as an evidence for the date proposed.-Domicile etc. in the light of the date proposed.
3. Kundakunda's works
xxiv-xlix Kundakunda as the author of 84 Pāhudas.-- Satkhandägamatīkā.-Mulācāra. Ten Bhaktis.-Titthayarabhatti.-Siddhabhatti. --- Sudabhatti. — Cārittabhatti. - Anagārabhatti. - Āyariyabhatti.-Nivvāṇabhatti. --Pamcaparametthibhatti.-Critical remarks on Ten Bhaktis. -- Damsaņapāhuda. Cărittapāhuda. -

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- $2]
BIBLIOGRAPHY Suttapähuda.-Bodhapāhuda.- Bhāvapāhuda. ---- Mokklapāhuda.- Limgapāhuda.- Sīlapā - huda.--Critical remarks on eight Pähudas.-- Rayaņasāra.-Critical remarks on Rayaņasāra. Bārasa-Aņuvekkhā. - Niyamasära. – Critical remarks on Niyamasăra.--Pañcāstikāya.— Critical remarks on Pañcāstikāya.-Samayasūra.-Critical remarks on Samayasāra.-- The
designation Nāțaka discussed. 4. Pravacansāra of Kundakunda
xlix-xcvii (a) A Study of Pravacanasāra
xlix-1 Pravacanasara in oriental studies. (b) The Text of Pravacanasara
I-liv Text influenced by the combientaly. -Two Recensions of the text.-Criterions of textnal criticism and the nature of the additional gāthas.-Classification and scrutiny of additional gathās.--Critical light on the
recension of Amrtacandra. (1) Sumnary of Pravacanasāra
liv-lxii Book I.-Book II.--Book III.-Critical
remarks on Pravacanasāra. («l) Philosophical aspect of Praracanasāra Ixii-xev
(1) Dogmatical background or the Jaina ontology.-Critical remarks on Jaina and Samkhya ontology.--12) Substance, quality and modification. -- Explanatory l'emarks on the three.--Distinction between guna and paryāya.- Siddhasena's objections stated.—Kundakunda's position statad and Siddhasena's objections explained away.--(3) Nature of spirit and matter, Jiva and Pildgala.--Comparative and critical remarks on the nature of spirit.Comparative and critical remarks on the nature of matter. ...(4) The doctrine of three Upayogas.-Comparison with Sām

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandiri
11 *2
A. N. UPADHYE khya guņas.-- (5) The theory of omniscience.—Some side-light on omniscience. —Omniscience according to Buddhism.--- Kumärila's attack on omniscience. Omniscience elsewhere and omniscient bliss.-- Omniscience compared with Radhakrishnan's Religious experience. -Necessity and proof of omniscience.--(6) The Atomie theory.Kundakunda's view stated. Kundakunda on Atomic interlinkingAtomism elsewhere.—(7) Syādivāda, or the theory of conditional predication.Side-light on the background of Syādvāda. --Syādvāda in Higher and Lower knowledge.Svadvāda and Nayavāda.--Vayaväda and Syādvāla traced back in Jaina Literature. -Counterparts of Syādvāda elsewhere discussed.---Vedāntie beginning for Syädvāda not tenable - Syädváda and Relativity.-Syädväda and Modern Philosophy.--Evaluation of Syādvada.. (81 Jaina conception of Divinity.---Transmigration a fact and dogma.--The idea of divinity explained. Vedie gods and the Jaina conception of god.--Jainisin and Nāstikatā.--Jaina Liberation. (9) Jainism in Indian religious thought.
(e) Monastic Aspect of Pravacanasāra XCV-Xavii
An ideal Jaina monk.-Critical remarks on some Jaina ascetic practices.--Remarks on the Samgha of Jaina Monks.-Background of Jaina institution of Mendicancy.
5. Commentators of Pravacanasāra
xevii-exi
xevii-ci
(a) Amrtacandra and his Tattvadipikā
Amrtacandra and his works.--His scholarship, style, etc.--Quotations in his Tattvadipikā.--Date of Amstacandra.

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- 21
BIBLIOGRAPHY
thi Jayasena and his Tatparyavṛtti
Jayasens and his commentaries.-This Jayasena distinguished from others of the same name.-Jayasena as a commentator compared with Amytacandra.---Quotations in his Tatparyavṛtti.-Date of Jayasena. (c) Balacandra and his Kannada Tatparyavṛtti civ-cvii Information about Balacandra. - His teachers, colleagues, disciples, domicile, etc.Date of Balacandra.-Commentaries of Jayasena and Bālacandra compared.Priority of Jayasena's commentary. (d) Prabhacandra and his Sarojabhaskara
Remarks on Prabhācandra's commentary. Information about Prabhācandra and his date.
(e) Mallisena and his Tīkā
The Mss. of the so-called Mallisena's Tīkā.
Publisher's Note Dedication
6. The Prakrit dialect of Pravacanasara
Introductory remarks.-Treatment of vowels. --Samdhis illustrated.-Treatment of intervocalic consonants.-Critical remarks on ya.śruti.- Conjugation. Verbal derivatives. Particles, etc.-Numerals and typical words.The place of this dialect among the Prakrits. --View on the name of this dialect.-Denecke's view criticised, and Jaina Sauraseni as the significant name.-Historical background of Jaina Sauraseni. Jaina Šauraseni and Jacobi's Preclassical Prakrit.
5
ci-civ
(f) Pande Hemarāja and his Hindi Bālāvabodha cx-cxi Remarks on Hemaraja's style, etc.-Relations and works of Hemaraja.-The occasion of composition.
cviii-cix
cix-cx
cxi-cxxvi
127 128

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A. N. UPADHYE
[ 1 $2 - 129_132
Hindi Contents Prākrit Text of Pravacanasāra with the Skt. Commen
taries of Amrtacandra and Jayasena and the
Hindi Commentary of Hemaraja English Translation Index to the Contents of Pravacanasāra Variant Readings Alphabetical Index of Pravacanasāra-gāthās Alphabetical Index of quotations in the commentaries
with their sources Index to Introduction
1-376
1-34 35-40 41-45 46-50
51-52 53-61
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS
Dr. W. SCHUBRING, Hamburg University, Germany: You are to be congratulated to have finished a great work ... I do not hesitate to say that thanks to your labour a remarkable advancement of science can be recorded.'
DR. M. WINTERNITZ, Prague University: Excellent edition and translation of Kundakundācārya's Pravacanasāra with the extremely valuable Introduction.'
Dr. A. BERRIEDALE KEITH, Edinburgh University: This is of course a most valuable edition and your discussion of the philosophy of the text will be of permanent value to all students of Indian philosophical development.'
Dr. S. K. CHATTERJI, Calcutta University: Your Introduction is full and detailed, and I agree with what you say about the personality of the author as well as the nature of the Prākrit. This is a very painstaking and erudite piece of work done in a very fine style.'
PROF. M. HIRIYANNA, Mysore University: Variorum edition of Pravacanasāra. I am much impressed by its thoroughness ... I have no doubt that the book will be of great use to all students of Indian thought.'
DR. B. L. ATREYA, Benares Hindu University: 'It is indeed a masterly essay on Sri Kundakundācārya and his work Pravacanasära, which no student of Jaina Literature and philosophy can afford to neglect. I am very much impressed by your vast information and deep insight.'
PROF. HIRALAL JAIN, King Edward College, Anraoti: 'Your Introduction is a splendid piece of scholarship. One can now say that Kundakunda has been studied critically, and a definite lead

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- *2]
BIBLIOGRAPHY has been given as to the way the Prakrit Jaina works ought to be studied.'
DR. R. SHAMASHASTRY, Mysore: 'It is a learned contribution on the language and philosophy of the text.'
Mahā-Maho pādhyāya R. NARASIMHACHARYA, Bangalore: 'Almost every page bears abundant testimony to your vast erudition and deep research ... exhibit a rare scholarship and a thorough grasp of the subject.'
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (July 1936): Professor Upadhye gives us not merely a very careful account of Kundakunda and his works in general and the Pravacanasāra in particular, but also a most valuable summary of certain of the Jain metaphysical doctrines (pp. Ixii-xcv). His most interesting contribution is perhaps his conclusion that the similarities of Jainism, Buddhism, and the Sāmkhya philosophy point to the existence of a great Magadhan indigenous religion which flourished before the advent of the Aryans; to the commingling of the streams of Aryan and indigenous religion at the close of the Brāhmana period we owe, on the one hand, the Ātmavidyā of the Upanisads, and the tenets of Jainism and Buddhism on the other.'
Journal of the University of Bombay (IV, iii, p. 126): '... the edition is an excellent one and is bound to be extremely helpful in the study of Sri Kundakunda and his Pravacanasāra on account of the wealth of information which it contains and the thought-provoking observations of the editor, which show his deep study and patient research.'
Indian Culture, Calcutta (July 1936): These are all very useful things and the edition has been so planned as to suit the requirements of the Hindi-knowing public, the orthodox pandit as well as the modern scholar.'
Journal of The American 0. Society (December 1936): The introductory essay is very elaborate and deals with all aspects of Kundakunda's life and works.
Journal of Indian History, Madras (December 1936): 'We welcome this important publication not only as giving us a reliable text and valuable commentaries as also a translation, but as giving in an elaborate critical Introduction, running through more than 125 pages, a vast mass of information relating to the work as a Jaina classic and of the history of Jainism itself.'
The Journal of Oriental Research, Madras: 'We have great pleasure in commending this valuable edition to the scholars and students of Indian philosophy.'
Indian Historical Quarterly (Vol. XIII, p. 367): 'On the whole the work of Prof. Upadhye is an excellent performance. His method

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|I #3 -
of treatment of various problems is irreproachable and the edition is critical. The work is an important contribution to the Jaina studies.' (P. C. Bagchi)
Preface Abbreviation, Etc.
Introduction
*3. Paramatma-prakasa of Yogindudeva. An Apabhramsa work on Jaina Mysticism: Apabhramsa text with Various Readings, Sanskrit Tika of Brahmadeva and Hindi exposition of Daulatarama, also the critical Text of Yogasara with Hindi paraphrase: Edited with a critical Introduction in English. New Ed. Published in the Rayachandra Jaina Sastramälä vol. 10, Royal 8vo pp. 12+124+396, Bombay 1937.
CONTENTS
1. Paramatma-prakāśa
(a) Earlier studies and the present Edition Popularity of Paramatma-prakāśa.-My study of Yogindu's works.-Value of P.prakāśa in Oriental studies.--Published Editions, etc. of P.-prakāśa.-Nature of this Edition. The Text and the Linguistic Deductions.
(b) On the Text of P.-prakāśa
Brahmadeva's Text.-B, C and S Based on Brahmadeva's Text. - Balacandra's Text. Shorter Recension.-Some Genuineness of TKM-group.-An Objective Scrutiny of the so-called Interpolatory Verses. General Nature of the Verses Left by TKM-group and the Net Effect.-Another Tempting Theory. Any Light Thrown by Q and R.-Our Position with regard to Joindu's Text,
ix-xi
xii
1-88
1-57
1-2
3-9

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-*31
9-22
22-29
BIBLIOGRAPHY for Detailed Suunuar of the Contents of L.
prakāka Nature of the Summary.-Book I.--
Book II. (1) Critical Estimation of P-prakka
Occasion of Composition and Reference to some Historical persons.--The Aim of Writing this work and how far Fulfilled. ---Method and Manner of Subject-treatment, etc. Similes and their lise-Style of P.-prakāśa.--Metres in P.-prakāśa.-- Eclectic Character of P.-prakāśa.--Yogindu's Place in Jaina Literature: Influence of Earlier Works, etc. on him.--- Yogindu, Kānha and Saraha.
29_44
(e) Philosophy and Mysticism of P.-prakāśa
(1) The two points of Views: Vyavahāra and Niscaya, or Practical and Realistie. --Necessity of such Points of View.Similarities Elsewhere. Their Relative Values.-- (2) Three aspects or kinds of Ātinan.-The Threefold Individuality.Earlier Authors on this Division. --- Counterparts Elsewhere. --(3) Spiritual Knowledge.—Nature of Atman or Spirit. -Nature of Paramātman or Super-spirit. --Nature of Karman.-The Spirit and Super-spirit.-Ātman and Brahman in Upanişads.—Yogīndu's Super-spirit Compared with Upanişadic Brahman.-How Yogindu Proposes Unity.--Yogindu's Ātman Compared with that in Upanişads.The two Distinct Tendencies.-- (4) Paramātman or the Super-spirit as the Divinity - The Conception of Divinity Explained.--(5) The World and Liberation, or Samsāra and Moksa.-Explanatory Remarks (6) The Means of Attaining

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Mokṣa. Explanatory Remarks.--(7) The Great Meditation. Mystic Vision.--Explanatory Remarks on the Great Meditation. (8) Some Aspects of Mysticism. -Mysticism in Jainism.--Various Elements of Mysticism in Jainism.--(9) Dogmatical and Philosophical Accessories of Author's Discussion.-(10) Evaluation of Punya and Papa, or Merit and Demerit.-Explanatory Remarks.-(11) Importance of Knowledge.-Attitude towards the Fruit of Karman.-(12) Mental and Moral Qualifications of an Aspirant.
(f) Apabhramsa of P.-prakāṣa and Hemacandra's Grammar
Apabhraisa and its General Characteristics. Attraction of Apabhraisa speech. Hemacandra Indebted to P.-prakāśa.Comparison of Hema.'s Apabh. with that of P.-prakasa.-On the Homogeneity of Hema.'s Apabh.-Hema.'s Apabh. Compared and Contrasted with that of P.prakāśa.--Morphology or Declension.-Verbal Forms.-Indeclinables, etc.--Important words, etc.-Important roots, etc. -Peculiarities of Kannada Mss.-Value of their Tradition. Results of the above Comparison and Contrast. Additional Tract of Literature Used for his Grammar. Apabhramsa with Unassimilated r. --This Difference not exactly Chronological but Regional-and-Dialectal.
II. Joindu: The Author of P.-prakāśa
(a) Yogindu and not Yogindra
Joindu and his Sanskrit Name
(b) Works of Joindu
(1) Paramatma-prakāśa: Authorship, etc.
[I 3
44-57
57-67
57
57-63

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BIBLIOGRAPHY - (2) Yogasära: Contents, Authorship, ete.---(3) Naukāra-Srāvakacara or Sāvavadhamma-dohā: Contents, etc.-Its Authorship.-(4) Joindu's Claims.-(5) Devasena's Claims.—(6) Lakşmīcandra's Claims.-(7) Dohāpāhuda: Name, Contents, etc.-Joindu's Authorship.-Rāmasinila as the Author.-(8-9) Amrtāsīti and Nijātmāstaka: Amrtāsīti.--Nijā
tāstaka.-Conclusion. (c) On the Date of Joindu
Nature of the Evidence and the Later Limit. Earlier Limit. Conclusion.
63-67
67-69 67–69
III. Commentaries on P.-prakāśa (1) A Kannada Gloss (K-Gloss) on P-prakāśa
Bālacandra's Commentary and the Kannada Gloss in Ms. K. Nature of the Kannada Gloss. This Gloss independent of Brahmadeva's Commentary.-On the Age
of K.-Gloss. (2) Brahmadeva and his Vrtti
Brahmadeva and his Works.--His Commentary on P.-prakāśa.-Jayasena and Brahmadeva.-Brahmadeva's Date.
69-72
72-74
(3) Maladhāre Bālacandra and his Kannada
Commentary Extracts from the Commentary and its Authorship.-Comparison with Brahmadeva's Commentary.-Maladhāre Bālacandra to be distinguished from other Bālacandras.— Date of Maladhāre Bälacandra.-Adhyātmi Bālacandra's Com
mentary (4) Another Kannada Gloss (Q-Gloss) on P.
prakāśa The Kannada Gloss in the Ms. Q.--Nature
74-76

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76-77
77-8.5
A. N. UPADHYE of the less and the Nee of ch Glasses
Comparison ol Q-Glass with other commentaries.--On the Date of Q-Gloss. (5) Daulatarāma and His Hindī Bbāşā-Țika
The Commentary and its original Dialect. ---Nature of Daulatarāma's Commentary. Daulatarāma and his Date... His works
and their Importance. IV. Description of the Mss. Studied and their
Mutual Relation A. Described.-B. Described.-C. Described.-P. Described.-Q. Described.--R. Described.-S. Described.-T. Described. K. Described.-M. Described. --Additional Information about T, K and M.-Common Characteristics of T, K, M.-Relation between T, K and M.--Relation between the Mss. Described above.- Genealogy of the
Mss. V. Critical Account of the Mss of Yogasara
Description of the Mss.-Comparative Remarks.-Present Text and Readings.--.
Sanskrit Shade Post Script Index to Introduction Hindi Summary of the Introduction P.-prakāśa: Visayānukramaņikā Apabhrama Text of P-prakāśa with Brahma
deva's Sanskrit Commentary and Daulatarāma's Hindi Commentary. P.-prakāśa: Variant Readings Alphabetical Index of P.-prakäsa-Dohās Alphabetical Index of Quotations in the San
skrit Commentary with their Sources Yogasāra: Critical Text, Chāyā and Hindi
Translation Alphabetical Index of Yogasāra-Dohās
85–87
87-88 88-92
93
1–352 353-362 363 367
368-370
371-394 395-396

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13
BIBLIOGRAPHY SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS
DR. LUDWIG ALSDORF, Berlin University, Germany: 'I have read the latter (i.e. Intro.) with great interest, and I feel bound to say that you have done very valuable research work and given an extremely useful contribution towards the knowledge of Apabhramsa and Jaina mysticism."
DR. L. SUALI, Pavia University, Italy: '... you have given us a first-rate piece of work. The amount of information you have spread through the Introductions is wonderful and the method of your editing is really sound.'
Dr. N. P. CHAKRAVARTI, Government Epigraphist, Ootacamund: I am glad that you have not only spared no pains regarding the text but have also added an exhaustive Introduction which is always very useful in a publication of this kind.'
Dr. S. K. DE, (niversity of Dacca, Dacca: You have omitted no relevant points from your discussion and your edition of this difficult text is all that one can desire ... Your discussion of the general philosophical implication of the doctrines is interesting and scholarly, while your study of the Apabhramśa of the text is highly informative and lucid ... I have nothing but great admiration for the patience, industry and learning displayed by this work.'
DR. A. BERRIEDALE KEITH, Edinburgh University: 'You have again made an important and valuable contribution alike to the study of Apabhramsa and of Jaina mysticism.
DR. B. R. SAKSENA, Allahabad University: Sri Ādinātha Upādhyāya Jaina Präkrta tathā itara Jaina-sāhityake pragādha pamdita hai prasiddha granitha Pravacanasāra'kā sumdara aura sarvāingapūrņa sanskarama nikālakara unhõne pahale hi vidvanmamdalīmē ādara aura satkāra pāyā hai įprastuta gramthake dvārā unhõne apani kirtiko aura ujjvala kiya hai ! ... itane susampadita gramtha birale hi dekhaneko milate hai
PROF. L. V. RAMASWAMI AIYER, Ernakulam, Cochin: "The chapter on the language of Paramātma-prakāśa and particularly the comparisons with Hemacandra are exceedingly useful and suggestive to the student of Indo-Aryan Linguistics.'
DR. LAKSHMAN SARUP, University of Punjab: ... your excellent essay on Joindu and his Apabhramsa works. You have taken great pains. Some such Introduction was a long-felt desideratum.'
M. GOVIND PAI, Esq., Manjeshvar: "There is hardly any doubt that your essay is very scholarly and no less exhaustive.'
PT. D. L. NARASIMHACHAR, Mysore: 'It is so erudite and thorough that it is difficult to add anything more to it. You have

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II 4
made use of all the available material and presented it tellingly and briefly.'
PROF. P. V. RAMANUJASWAMI, Vizianagaram: 'Let me congratulate you on the production of a learned and critical essay on the most important of Apabhramśa writers. I was wondering till now what the source of Hemachandra's verse could be. I am very grateful to you and every lover of Prakrit must similarly be.'
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (January 1940): Professor Upadhye's splendid achievement seems to meet all the demands that might be made by any one who wishes to study the work in close connection with literary and historical facts. It is also carried out in an impartial scientific spirit that is truly admirable, and it has valuable indexes.'
Oriental Literary Digest (November 1938): To conclude, this edition can be said to have struck a new and model line of study of ancient Indian philosophical works with a broad angle of vision. It is practically for the first time that Jaina Mysticism receives attention from a devout student of philosophy.'
Preface
Introduction
*4. Varangacarita of Jațasimhanandi. A Sanskrit Purāņic kavya of A.D. 7th century: Edited for the first time from two palm-leaf Mss. with Various Readings, a critical Introduction, Notes, etc. Published in the Māņikachandra D. Jaina Granthamălă No. 40, Crown pp. 16+88-+396, Bombay 1938.
CONTENTS
1. Critical Apparatus
2. Text-constitution
3. Authorship of the Poem
4. Jața-Samhanandyācārya
5. His date and other works
xi-xiv
1-56
1
5
8
13
19
6. Varangacarita: A critical study
(i) Analysis of the Contents
(ii) A Dharmakatha with some Kavya features (iii) Dogmatical Details in Varangacarita
24-53 24
27
29

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- *41
BIBLIOGRAPHY (iv) Polemie Discussions (v) Some Details viewed in contemporary Socio
political Background (vi) Ašvaghosa and Jațila (vii) Varānigacarita and Later Jaina Author's 41 (viii) (rammatical Peculiarities of Varāngacarita (ix) Metres in Varāngacarita
(x) Style of Varāngacarita 7. Four Other Varāngacaritas:
53–56 (i) Vardhamāna's Varángacarita in Sanskrit 53 (ii) Dharani Pandita's Varāngacarita in Kannada 55 (iii) Lalacanda's Varāngacarita in Hindi
(iv) Kamalanayana's Varāngacarita in Hindi Hindi sumary of the Introduction
57-79 Table of Contents of the Text
80–88 Varāngacaritam: Text with Foot-notes
1-312 Verse-Index
313-362 Notes
363-383 Index of Proper Names in the Text
384-388 Addenda et Corrigenda
389-392 SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS DR. S. K. BELVALKAR, Benares Hindu University, Benares: Your books are planned and executed with the thoroughness of a growing scholar of repute, who bids fair to be at the topmost rung before very long."
PROF. R. V. MIRASHI, Nagpur University, Nagpur: "It is very difficult to edit a work from the scanty material of only two Manuscripts, but I find that you have done it admirably ... You have done great service to Sanskrit literature in general and Jaina literature in particular by rescuing from unmerited oblivion this old Sanskrit work."
PROF. HIRALAL JAIN, King Edward College, Amraoti: "Splendid achievement with such meagre materials at hand."
DR. E. H. JOHNSTON, Professor of Sanskrit, Oxford University, Oxford: “... Your excellent edition of the Varāngacarita; the way you have handled the refractory material seems to be entirely on the right lines."
Dr. A. BERRIEDALE KEITH, University of Edinburgh: "... interesting edition of the Varāngacarita, which is a novelty of a

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|I *4special character. Your work in reconstituting the text is clearly very sound and the Introduction gives all that can be desired by scholars and students of literature."
DR. W. SCHUBRING, University of Hamburg, Germany: "It is you to whom scholars are indebted for almost all work concerning that poem, beginning from the discovery of the first Ms. and finishing with a careful print preceded by a good Introduction.”
DR. 0. STEIN, University of Prague, Prague: "I thank you very much for the valuable addition you have made to the knowledge of Indian poetry, and the historian of Indian literature, this of Jaina especially, will appreciate the pioneer work undertaken by you."
DR. LAKSHMAN SARUP. University of Panjab, Lahore: "Vot only it shows your familiarity with modern methods of research, particularly in the constitution of critical texts, but it bears on itself the stamp of maturity. It also shows your capacity to deal with somewhat difficult tasks."
DR. S. M. KATRE. Poona: "... very thorough study of the limited Iss. material which is a model piece of work, executed with great skill and scholarship."
DR. P. L. VAIDYA, Poona: "I have gone through carefully your Introduction and am very much pleased with the industry and pluck: shown by you in editing the work. It is indeed a creditable performance.”
PROF. P. V. KANE. Bombay: "I read your Introduction and I can say that you have brought together a valuable mass of material."
DR. S. K. DE (Oriental Literary Digest): "It must be stated, however, to the credit of the patient and scholarly editor that he has succeeded remarkably in presenting, out of his imperíect anci limited material, a fairly readable text; and his earnestness, skill and conscientious care deserve all praise. There is a long and learned Introduction in which all relevant topics regarding the work and its author are fully discussed, while the lucid and Informative critical notes display well-balanced judgment. It is a valuable addition to the rather small number of our well-edited Sanskrit texts, and deserves the attention of all interested scholars."
Prof. H. D. VELANKAR (Journal of the University of Bombay): In editing the work, Prof. Upadhye has made use of two Mss. He has followed the best traditions about an editor's duty and not corrected any mistakes which are common to both the Mss., in his reconstructed text. He has suggested the correct readings in the foot

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-5]
BIBLIOGRAPHY
notes and this is perfectly right. Prof. Upadhye's Introduction is as usual, full of valuable information."
Preface Introduction
*5. Kamsavaho of Rama Pāņivada. A Prakrit Poem in Classical Style: Text and Chaya critically edited for the first time with Various Readings, Introduction, Translation, Notes, etc. Published by Hindi Grantha Ratnakara Karyalaya, Hirabag, Bombay 4, Crown pp. 50+214, Bombay 1940.
1. Critical Apparatus
2. Presentation of the Text and Chaya 3. Rama Paṇivada and his Works
4. Kamsavaho: A Critical Study
CONTENTS
(i) Earlier Acquaintance with the Work (ii) The Theme and the Title
2
(iii) Summary of the Contents (iv) The Form, the Source and the Model (V) On the Prakrit Dialect of Kaisavaho
5. The Chaya and its Authorship
Index of Verses
Glossary of Words
Translation
(a) Special Traits of the Author's Dialect (b) The Name of this Prakrit Dialect (vi) Metres in Kaisavaho (vii) Style of Kamsavaho
Kamsavaho: Text with Foot-Notes Sanskrit Chaya with Foot-Notes
Notes
Index of Proper Names
V
ix-1
ix
xi
XİT
Xxiv-xlix
xxiv
XXV
Xxvi
Xxxi
XXXIV
XXXix
xlvi
xlvii
xlix
1-51
53-90
91-96
97-131
133-161
162-211
212

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11 *6 - *6. U sāniruddham: A Prakrit Kāvya (attributed to Rāma Pānivāda) Text with Critical Introduction, Variant Readings and Select Glossary, Published in the Journal of the University of Bombay, Vol. X, part 2, September 1941, Royal 8vo pp. 156-194, Bombay 1941.
CONTENTS
(1) Critical Apparatus.--(2) Procedure of Text-Constitution. (3) The Authorship, Age, etc., of the Poem.--(4) Summary of the Contents.-- (5) The Source, Form, etc., of the Story.--Antecedents of the Prākrit of the Poem.-(7) Metres in the Poem. --(8) Style, etc., of the Poem.--.(9) Prakrit Text with Variant Readings.---(10) Glossary.
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS Dr. V. S. SUKTHANKAR, Poona: "You have now mastered the technique of editing Prākrit texts. In fact yours are the best critical editions of Sanskrit and Prākrit texts. You will soon easily rank as a 'Master Editor'."
Prof. Mm. P. V. KANE, Bombay: "Your edition of the Kamsavaho combines the best critical methods of the Western scholars with indigenous deep learning."
DR. SUNITI KUMAR CHATTERJI, Calcutta: "I congratulate you on your excellent work. The style in which it has been printed is fully in keeping with the remarkably fine way in which it has been edited. I admire the sane and methodical way in which you have written the Introduction, with all available material about the book itself, its author, its language and other points of interest and importance-it leaves nothing to be desired."
DR. B. R. SAKSENA, Allahabad: "The work is excellent and interesting. As usual with you, your edition is perfect and complete in all respects and leaves nothing to be desired.”
PROF. C. R. DEVADHAR, Poona: "I have gone through your masterly introduction and a part of the text, and I am very much impressed by the soundness of your scholarship and the thoroughness of your method."
MAHAKAVI ULLUR S. PARAMESHWAR AIVAR, Trivandrum: "It is an invaluable addition to the Prākrit literature so far published in India. The introduction, Glossary and Explanatory notes have been most carefully and diligently prepared and leave absolutely nothing to be desired."
with all availway in which
ts author. ite

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
DR. P. L. VAIDYA, Poona: "I am very glad that your performance every time keeps up the reputation you have already established as a critical scholar."
19
DR. S. K. DE, Dacca: "It has the same thoroughness and scholarly skill which characterise all your works."
PROF. L. V. RAMASWAMI AIYAR, Ernaculam: "Your book is a marvel of editorial achievement."
PROF. P. V. RAMANUJASWAMI, Vizianagaram: "You have done a distinct service to Prakrit scholarship by publishing an excellent critical edition of one of the Prakrit poems of our country. Your Introduction is illuminating, and your notes and glossary are scholarly."
PROF. M. R. BALKRISHNA WARRIER, Trivandrum: "It reveals unerring insight, patient industry and great scholarship. The work you have done on the Mss. material is accurate, scholarly and minute."
DR. LAKSHMAN SARUP, Lahore: "It is very creditable to your capacity of work and critical judgement."
Annals of the Sri Venkatesvara Oriental Institute, Tirupati (1, 3): Dr. Upadhye's work as an edito: is beyond praise-painstaking, thorough and judicial." (K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar).
Indian Historical Quarterly, Calcutta (XVI, 4): "On the whole these beautiful editions bear eloquent testimony to the scholarship and patient labour of the learned editor." (Chintaharan Chakravarti).
Journal of the University of Bombay, Bombay (IX, part 2): "His introduction is, as usual, highly instructive and learned." (H. D. Velankar).
Indian Culture, Calcutta (VIII, 1): "... Dr. Upadhye has lavished on it unstinted labour and meticulous care. He has collected all available information about the author (born in 1707 A.D.) and discussed also his other known works." (B. K. Ghosh).
New Indian Antiquary, Bombay (III, No. 8): "Professor Upadhye's Translation and Critical Notes are characterised by earnestness and precision . . . The observations on the Prakrit dialect of Kamisavaho evince Dr. Upadhye's elaborate and scientific knowledge of the phonology and structure of the Middle Indian tongues." (Goda Varma)
The Jaina Antiquary, Arrah (VII, 1): "From the stand-point of Indian Linguistics, the work is a distinct contribution to our knowledge of Middle Indo-Aryan .. (Siddheshwar Varma).

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À. N. UPADHYE *7. Tiloyapannatti of Jadivasaha. An Ancient Prākrit Text dealing with Jaina Cosmography, Dogmatics etc.,: Authentically edited for the first time (in collaboration with Prof. Hiralal Jain) with Various Readings etc. Part I, Published by Jaina Samskřti Samrakşaka Samgha, Sholapur, Double Crown pp. 8+38+532, Sholapur 1943.
*8. Tiloyapannatti of Jadivasaha, As above, Part II, with Indices etc., Introduction, Double Crown, pp. 116-540, Sholapur 1951.
CONTENTS
Part I
Preface Text, 1-4, with Hindi Translation Appendix, etc.
13-20 14.328
Part II
Introduction Text, 5-9, with Hindi Translation Appendices, etc.
1-13 529-882
SELECT OPINIONS
DR. L. ALSDORF, Hamburg: .... splendid performance of your common edition of the Tiloyapannatti ... There seems no doubt that it is a very important work of considerable antiquity. I fully realize how arduoous your task must have been, and what a stupendous amount of hard work is incorporated in this volume.
*9. Brhat Kathākośa of Harisena (A.D. 931-32): A Thesaurus of 157 Tales in Sanskrit connected with the Bhagavati Ārādhanā of Sivārya. The Sanskrit Text authentically edited for the first time, with Various Readings, with a Critical Introduction (covering 122 pages), Notes, Index of Proper Names etc. Published in the Singhi Jaina Series, No.

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- *9]
BIBLIOGRAPHY
17. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavana, Bombay, Super Royal pp. 84-20+1284406, Bombay 1943.
CONTENTS
Singhi Jain Series: A Short History
A Review
Some Appreciations
14
""
33
"
Preface by the General Editor
Editor's Preface
2. Narrative Tale in India
Introduction
1. Critical Apparatus and Text-constitution (i) Description of Mss. and their Mutual Relation (ii) Presentation of the Text (iii) Numbering of the Stories
(i) Vedic and Allied Literature (ii) Sramanic Ideology: Ascetic Poetry (iii) Early Buddhist Literature (iv) Jaina Literature
(a) Canonical Stratum
(b) Post- and Pro-canonical Strata, etc. (c) Later Tendencies and Types
3. Compilations of Kathanakas: A Survey
4. Aradhana and Aradhana Tales
(i) Aradhana and Aradhana Texts (ii) Bhagavati Ārādhanā
(ii) Commentaries on the Bhagavati Aradhanā (iv) Kathakośas Associated with the Bha.Ārādhanā
A 3-10
A 11-14
A 15-16
A 17-18
A 19-20
21
1-122
1-6
1
4
6-39
6
15
17-39
ོབ3 རྦེ སྐྱབས་
(a) Śricandra's Kathakosa in Apabhramsa (b) Prabhācandra's Kathakośa in Sanskrit Prose
(e) Nemidatta's Kathakośa in Sanskrit Verses (d) Nayanandi's Aradhana and other A.
Kathākošas
30
35
39-47
47-72
47
50
55
57-72
59
60
69
63
(e) The Vadḍaradhane in Old-Kannada Prose 63

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[I *95. Bha.Ärädhanā and the Dependent Kathanaka: 72 80 6. Harisena's Kathākośa: A Study
80-117 (il Name, Extent, etc. (ii) Various Strata of Contents, etc. iii) Cultural Heritage and Literary Kinship of
the Work (iv) Interesting Social, Historical, ctc. Bits of
Information (v) Its Relation with other Kathākosas (vi) On the Language of the Text (vii) Orientalists on the Jaina Narrative Literature
113 7. Harisena, the Author: His Place and Date 117--122 Table of the Tales
123-128 Sanskrit Text of the Kosa
1-356 Index of Verscs Quoted
357 Index of Proper Names
358-376 Notes
377-393 Index to Introduction
395-397 Corrigenda
399-402
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS
Dr. S. K. CHATTERJI, The University of Calcutta, Calcutta: 'It is really magnum opus for which any scholar may feel proud. The learned introduction is a model of what such an introduction should be. Your extensive learning and your prodigious industry both elicit unstinted admiration;... the subsection... on the language of the text is a very valuable addition to our positive knowledge of Sanskrit, Prakrit (and Bhasha) philology.'
The Advar Library Bulletin: 'as a source of information on social conditions, religious history, cultural elements, linguistic data, historical and geographical side-lights etc., the work is indeed valuable and would pay amply a detailed study; and for such a study, Dr. Upadhye has already contributed much in his critical apparatus in this volume. (V. RAGHAVAN)
Journal of the University of Bombay: "His fi.e., Dr. Upadhye's erudition and his knowledge of the editorial technique coupled with the speed with which he works are the things, very rare and most covetable ... The Editor has adorned the work with a brilliant and an exhaustive Introduction in which he has discussed with a schol

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- 10*1 BIBLIOGRAPHY
23 arly grasp all possible aspects relating to the work.' (A. S. GOPANI)
Indian llistorical Quarterly: 'In a long Introduction the learned editor besides drawing attention to the critical apparatus and the method followed in the presentation of the text, gives a comprehensive account of the narrative tale in old Indian literature with special reference to the literature of the Jains which can boast of a rich store of this material.' (C. CHAKRAVARTI).
*10. The Dhurtākhyāna: A Critical Study. This is a critical essay on the Dhūrtākhyāna (of Haribhadra) which is a unique satire in Indian literature. Included in Āchārya Jinavijayaji's edition, Bhāratiya Vidya Bhavana, Bombay Super Royal pp. 1-54, Bombay 1944.
CONTENTS
ii-viii
ix-xiii xiv-xxiii
xiv xvii
XX 1-56
2
A Short History of the Series
I. Editor's Preface II. Haribhadra's Age, Life and Works
1. Haribhadra's Age 2. Haribhadra's Life
3. Haribhadra's Works III. The Dhurtākhyāna: A Critical Study
1. The Präkrit Text 2. Summary of the Contents 3. Purpose, Technique and Form 4. Sources of the Purānic Legends 5. Sanskrit and Gujarāti Dhūrtākhyānas 6. Dhūrtākhyāna and Dharmaparikşā 7. Prākrit Dialect and Style of Dhūrtākhyāna
Index of 'A Critical Study' IV. Dhurtākhyāna Text
1. Prākrit 2. Sanskrit
3. Old-Gujarati V. Indlex of the Proper Names of the Dhūrtākhyāna VI. Index of the Quotations
1-65 1-32 33-48 49–65

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A. N. UPADHYE
TI 511 - SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS DR. S. K. DE, Dacca: "Your critical study is indeed exhaustive and leaves no points untouched, as is usual with your meticulous scholarship.
Dr. K. R. S. IYENGAR, Bagalkot: You have certainly done a service-of course, it is not only the one! - to Indian literature by bringing to the attention of scholars this splendid satire.'
DR. BANARASIDAS, Lahore: Your editions of the Dhūrtākhyāna and the Brhatkathākośa ... are a veritable mine of Jain Story literature. Your learned Introduction in both sheds a flood of light on the subject.
*11. Candralekhā of Rudradāsa: A Drama in Prākrit. The Prākrit Text and Sanskrit chāyā authentically edited with a critical Introduction, Notes etc. It is an important Sațțaka resembling Karpūramañjarī in various respects. The introduction presents a study of Sațțaka in the back-ground of Indian theory of dramas and also a critical survey of some half a dozen Sațțakas, most of them brought to light for the first time. Printed in graceful types at the Nirnayasagara Press, Bombay, Bharatiya Vidyā Bhavana, Bombay, Royal 8vo pp. 8+66+96, Bombay 1945.
CONTENTS
1-66
5 9-64
General Editor's Preface Preface Introduction
1. Critical Apparatus 2. Constitution and Presentation of the Text and Chaya 3. Chandralekhā: A Critical Study
(i) Dramatis Personae (ii) Story of the Play (iii) Synoptic Analysis of the Play (iv) Prakrit Drama: Sattaka
(a) Early Indian Drama (b) Rūpakas and Uparūpakas (c) Nātikā and Sattaka
12

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31-52
35
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BIBLIOGRAPP di Prakrits in the Drama (c) Sattakat in the Evolution of Drama (1) Sattakas known so far
Rajasekhara and his Karpüramanjarī Nayacandra and his Rambhāmañjari Mārkandeya and his Vilāsavati Visvesvara and his Śrngāramañjari
Ghanaśyāma and his Ānandasundari (g) Candralekhă: A Sattaka (V) Karpūramañjari and Candralekhā (vi) Candralekhă, as a Literary Piece (vii) Prākrit in the Candralekhā
(vii) Metres in the Candralekhā 4. Rudradāsa: the Author Camdalebā: Text with Sanskrit Chāyā and Variants Siloa-sui Notes Appendix Saudastii Corrigenda
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS
DR. L. RENOU, Paris: 'In an elaborate Introduction, often magistral, the Editor treats the drama as a whole, the role of Prākrit in the drama; he has found traces of four other Sattakas accessible in Mss. and analyses them ... The edition is very carefully done, based on the three Mss. so difficult to manage.'
SHRI JINA VIJAYA MUNI, Bombay: His Introduction, it will be seen, is a piece of solid research.'
DR. P. L. VAIDYA. Banaras: "The work is as exquisitely produced as it is edited, and I have nothing but admiration."
*12. Lilāvati of Kutūhala (c. 800 A.D.): Prākrit Text and an anonymous Sanskrit commentary, critically edited for the first time with Introduction, Glossary, Notes, etc. It is a stylistic, romantic Kāvya dealing with the love story of king Sātavāhana and Līlāvati, a princess from Ceylon. Published

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A. N. UPADHYE
TI *12 - in the Singhi Jain Series: Royal Octavo pp. 28-1.88 +384, Bombay 1949.
CONTENTS
Singhi Jain Series:
X-XX General Editor's Preface
xxi-xxiii Editor's Preface
xxiv-xxvii A Page of Dedication
xxviii Introduction
1-88 1. Critical Apparatus 2. Evaluation of Mss. and Text-constitution 3. The Problem of Additional Verses 4. The Author of Lilāvati and His Name 5. The Līlāvati: A Critical Study
(a) Story of the Poem (b) Other Lilāvatīs and Our Prākrit Poem (c) Form, Structure and Atmosphere (d) The Hero of the Poem (c) The Sapta-Godavari Blīma (f) Contacts with Earlier Literature (g) Age of the Poem
(h) Prākrit Dialect of the Poem 6. The Sanskrit Commentary and Its Author Lilāvati: Prākrit Text and Sanskrit Vrtti
Opening Mangala Sajjana and Durjana Author's Biography The Author Narrates the Kathā to His Wife Vijayānanda's Account of His Expedition Kuvalayāvali Introduces Mahānumati, Herself and
Līlāvati to Vijayānanda Kuvalayāvali Tells Her Tale to Mahānunati Vijayananda's Second Visit to Lilāvati
141 Nāgārjuna and Hāla go to Pātāla and Rescue Mādhavānila
153 The King Marches to Sapta-Godavari Bhima
160 Meeting with Pasupata Monk and Citrängada Released
172

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Mä сhavinila's Wedding
Häla Marrics Lilāvati and Gets Many Gifts Index of Verses Glossary Notes Appendices I & II Additions and Corrections
182 190
199 217–320
321 379-380
381
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS PROFESSOR L. RENOU, Paris: 'It is superfluous to recall that the entire work is executed by a master-hand. After so many other publications, which succeed one another in a rapid rythm, this edition of Lilāvai firmly established the name of Dr. Upadhye in the front rank of the present-day Jain and Prākrit scholars in India (Annals of the B.O.R.I.).
Dr. L. ALSDORF, Hamburg: ... really fine and praiseworthy productions on which authors as well as editors are to be congratulated.'
PROFESSOR K. K. HANDIQUI, Gauhati: 'I find that the Lilāvati is a very important work and meets the requirements of the scholar as well as the ordinary student of Prākrit.'
*13. Anandasundari of Ghanaśyāma: A Drama in Prākrit. The Prākrit Text and the Sanskrit Commentary of Bhat. tanātha, Authentically edited for the first time with Critical Introduction, Notes etc. Demy pp. 102. Published by Motilal Banarasidas, Banaras 1955.
8-22
o
CONTENTS Preface Introduction
1. Critical Apparatus 2. Constitution and Presentation of the Text 3. Ghanaśyāma: the Author 4. His Anandasundari
5. Bhattanātha's Commentary Anandasundari: Prākrit Text
12
21
1.-55

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28
A. N. UPADILY Sanskrit Commentary Notes Index of Verses Additions and Corrections
89-96 99-100 101-102
SELECT OPINIONS AND REVIEWS A. MASTER, London: 'I should like to repeat my appreciation of the excellent work you have done in bringing out this edition in continuation of the Candralekhā.'
L. RENOU, Paris: ... Anandasundari .. reveals to the scholarly world a rare form of Indian Drama ... Everything coming from your fertile pen is worthy of the utmost attention.
L. ALSDORF, Hamburg: 'You have opened up a forgotten chapter in the history of Prākrit. It is curious to notice how living vernacular terms are intruding into this purely artificial language.'
DR. W. SCHUBRING, Hamburg: This new work of yours deserves of high appreciation like the former ones with regard to the careful constitution of Ghanaśyāma's text, your notes and the scholarly and interesting introduction through which we get an all-round portrait of the author, which is not commonly feasible in Indian literature.
WORKS IN THE PRESS *14. Kattigeyānuppekkhā of Svāmi Kumāra, Prākrit Text Critically edited for the First time and with the Sanskrit Commentary of śubhacandra, Critical Introduction, Various Appendices etc.
*15. Kuvalayamälä of Uddyotana, A didactic Campū in Prākrit, one of the early Prākrit Romances written in fluent style and containing important linguistic material. Critically edited from two rare Mss., with variant Readings, Introduction etc.
*16. Jambūdīvapannattī of Paumanamdi: Prākrit Text with Hindi Translation, Edited critically for the first time (in collaboration with Dr. H. L. Jain). It is an important work dealing with Jaina Cosmography.

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II.
PAPERS
1. Samantabhadra, an Outstanding Personality (The S.D.J. Hostel Magazine, X, ii, pp. 24-8, Allahabad, 1929).
The personality of Samantabhadra, the great logician of the c. 2nd century A.D., is delineated on the basis of the glimpses that one gets from his various works.
2. Yogindradevaka cka aura Apabhramsa Grantha (Anckanta, in Hindi, 1, 8-10, pp. 544-8, Delhi, 1930).
The Dohapahuda of Yogindra (or Yogindu) is introduced here for the first time on the basis of a single Ms. from which some extracts are given in this paper.
3. Joindu and his Apabhraisa Works (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XII. 2, pp. 132-63, Poona, 1931).
The paper opens with a review of the published Apabhramsa works indicating how the study of Apabhramisa is indispensable for a student of modern Indo-Aryan languages. It aims to set forth a critical study of Joindu's Apabhramsa works, one more of which was lately discovered. The contents of Yogasāra, Paramātma-prakāśa, Sravakācāra-dohaka and Dohāpāhuda are summarised with relevant extracts. In the case of Sravakacaradohaka it is shown how there are three claimants for its authorship: Lakṣmidhara, Devasena, Jogendra. The authorship of Dohāpāhuda is claimed by Ramasimha as well as Yogendra. Many common verses are detected between the Paramatmaprakāśa and Dohāpāhuda. It is shown why Joindu should be rendered as Yogindu and not Yogindra. After some critical and comparative remarks on these texts, the question of the date of Joindu is attempted for the first time here. The later limit for his age is put by showing that authors like Brahmadeva, Jayasena, Heuacandra and Canda either refer to Joindu or quote from his works. It is pointed out that the Apabhramsa section from Hemacandra's Prakrit Grammar is indebted to the Paramatma-prakāśa.
4. Kanarese Words in Desi Lexicons (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XII, 3, pp. 274-84, Poona, 1931).

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30 A. N. UPADHYE
[II 5The paper opens with an explanation of the term Desī. Such words from Hemacandra's Dešinamamālā as are found in Kannada are discussed here. Here and there critical and etymological remarks are added.
5. Vidūşaka's Ears (I.H.Q., VIII, p. 793, Calcutta, 1932).
On the authority of a verse from the Paümacariü of Vimalasūri it is pointed out that Vidūsaka's head-dress was a sort of mask and that he wore wooden ears when he acted on the stage.
6. Mahāvīra and Buddha on Nirvāna (The Rajaramian,
Kolhapur, 1932; also the Voice of Ahimisa, VI, 3-4,
pp. 120–29, Aliganj, 1956). The religious background of the Vedic, Brahumanie and Upanishadic texts is outlined especially with a view to trace the doctrine of transmigration, which was conspicuous by its absence in earlier works but became sufficiently important in the Upanishads. Then the Upanishadic conception of Summum bonum is set forth and compared with that in the Sankhya and Yoga systems. One finds a big gap between the world of Upanishadic ideas and that of the earlier literature, and this ga) can be conveniently explained by postulating that the Āryans, all along their march from the Punjab to Central India, received much from the indigenous culture from Magadha and other territories which have been looked down upon by many passages in the Atharvaveda, etc. There is evidence in the Vedic literature itself that the Aryans had to struggle against an antagonistie culture in Central India as well as in Eastern India. It is to these parts of India that Jainism, Buddhisin and some other faiths belong. Their common points and their common differences from the Aryan form of religion indicate that they are the successors of an indigenous current of religious thought. It is in this background that the Jaina and Buddhistic conceptions of Nirvāņa are studied in details. Their metaphysical bases are shown to be slightly different. One reaches the conclusion that the Buddhistic Nirvana, as depicted in the Pāli canon, is not inuch different from the Jaina conception. It is the slippery metaphysical basis of Buddha's views that gave rise to manifold interpretations of Buddhist Nirvāņa.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
31
- 8]
7. Dr. Pathak's View on Anantavirya's Date (Annals of the
B.O.R.I., XIII, 2, pp. 161-70, Poona, 1932).
The late lamented Dr. K. B. Pathak referred to Anantavirya as a commentator of Parikṣāmukha of Manikyanandi and also as the author of a commentary on the Nyayaviniścayālaṁkāra of Akalanka and assigned him to the close of the 10th century A.D. After collecting the available data it is shown in this paper that Anantavirya, the commentator of Akalanka's works, is altogether different from Anantavirya, the commentator of Parikṣāmukha. The first flourished probably in the first quarter of the 8th century A.D. (sometime after Akalanka but before Prabhācandra) while the second Anantavirya comes sufficiently later than Prabhacandra whose Prameyakamala-martanda he summarises in his commentary. The second Anantavirya flourished probably at the close of the 11th century A.D. To make the matters clear various authors bearing the name Anantavirya are listed with adequate references from inscriptions, etc. It is shown how some Anantaviryas are confounded one for the other. In a foot-note are discussed the limits for the age of Akalanka.
8. Subhacandra and his Prakrit Grammar (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIII, 1, pp. 37-58, Poona, 1932).
It was in 1873 that Hoernle, with only two chapters of Subhacandra's Prakrit grammar in his hands, published a query in the Indian Antiquary II, to know whether any other Ms. existed anywhere else. As far as it is known, the query has remained unanswered for so many years. Here is presented all the available information about Subhacandra, the Prakrit grammarian, who is distinguished from seven other Subhacandras about whom information is gathered from epigraphic and literary sources. His spiritual ancestors and works are discussed in details. From some quotations available from Sanskrit commentaries it is shown that there must have been a Prakrit grammar written in Prakrit though none like that is available today. Then follows an analysis of Subhacandra's Prakrit grammar from a Ms. newly discovered; and its contents are compared with those of the Prakrit grammars of Hemacandra and Trivikrama. At the end some extracts are given.

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A. N. UPADHYE
[ II 9
9. Authorship of the Svarupa-sambodhana (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIII, 1, pp. 88-91, Poona, 1932).
Tradition accepts Akalanka as the author of the Svarupasambodhana; and even Vimala, the author of the Saptabhangitarangini has adopted this tradition. It is shown in this note that this tradition is questioned by a Kannada commentary on it and by Padmaprabha's commentary on Niyamasara which state that Mahasena is the author. Then a modest attempt is made to settle the period of Mahasena by distinguishing him from three other Mahasenas.
10. A Note on Trivikrama's Date (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIII, 2, pp. 171-2, Poona, 1932).
In the light of some of the lately published Inscriptions, more definite limits are put to the age of Trivikrama, the Prakrit grammarian, who must have flourished at the latest early in the beginning of the 13th century A.D.
11. Asaga, his Works and Date (Karnatak Historical Quarterly. II, pp. 42-7, Dharwar, 1932).
Asaga is repeatedly praised by Kannada authors like Pouma, Nayasena and Acanna, but as yet no Kannada work of Asaga has come to light. Two Sanskrit works of Asaga are known: Vardhamanacarita and Santipurana. The various details about Asaga from the prasastis of these two works are put together. The doubt is cleared that Asaga mentioned Saivat era and he flourished in the middle of the 9th century A.D.
12. An Old Prefatory Gloss on Istopadesa (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIII, 1, pp. 86-7, Poona, 1932).
A scrutinising study of Asadhara's Sanskrit commentary on the Istopadesa of Pujyapada leads us to the conclusion that Asadlara is not the first to write a commentary on that work and that he has incorporated in his commentary some earlier gloss consisting of short prefatory statements possibly composed by Pujyapada himself to make the context clear.
13. Yapaniya Sangha: A Jaina Sect (The J.U.B.. I. 4, pp. 224-31, Bombay, May 1933).
The Jaina church was subjected to many schismatic divisions almost from the days of Mahavira. Even in the main divisions

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- 15 ]
BIBLIOGRAPHY of Svetambara and Digambara there have been many subdivisions which are noted in this paper. The Jaina ascetic community was it systeinatic organization with various office-bearers. Here are discussed inany details about the Yāpaniya Sangha which is often mentioned in epigraphic records. Many new facts are brought to light, and those that were already known are reinterpreted in their proper perspective. The traditional origin of this sect is narrated; and it is shown how this was criticised by both Svetainbaras and Digambaras. The history of this sect is outlined from the available literary and cpigraphic references which show that the monks of the Yäpanīya Sangha lived in Karnāțaka and its bordering districts from the 5th to the 14th century A.D. It is concluded that the Yāpaniyas were absorbed among the Digambars in the South. Sākatāyana, the Sanskrit grammarian, belonged to this Sanglia. In order to facilitate further studies, the teachers of this Sangha are listed alphabetically. 14. A Ms. of Varāngacarita (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIV,
1--2, pp. 61–79, Poona, 1933). It was stated some twenty years back that Ravişeņa (A.D. 677) had composed a Varāngacarita besides his Padmacarita. This interpretation of the verse in question was wrong; and it is shown with fresh evidence that Jatila was the author of the Varängacarita. After discovering a Ms. of it which does not mention the name of the author, it is shown from external evidences that Jatāsimhanandi must be its author. Jatila, Jatācārya and Jatāsimhanandi are the names of one and the same author who can be put in the 7th century A.D. at the latest. It is shown that Jinasena has taken mych material from the Varängacarita for his Mahāpurāņa, and that this is perhaps one of the earliest epic Kāvyas of the Jainas. From the Koppala inscription, which gives the foot-prints of Jaţāsiṁhanandi, it is clear that Jatācārya belonged to that part of South India. There is one more Varängacarita in Sanskrit by Vardhamāna (13th century A.D.); and there is also a Kannada Varāngacarita by Dharani Paņdita (16th century A.D.). As a specimen the first chapter of this newly discovered work is given at the end. 15. A Note on Nisidhi (nisidiyā of Khāravela Inscription)
(Annals of the B.O.R.I., XIV, 3-4, pp. 264–66, Poona,

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A. N. UPADHY E
[ II 16 - 1933; for its Hindi version sce J.S.B., II, pp. 137-39,
Arraha, 1936). The term nisidiyā in its various forms frequently occurs in many Jaina inscriptions in Sanskrit, Kannada and Prakrit. The etymology and significance of this term are discussed in this note.
16. Varāhamihira and Buzūrjmchr (The I.H.Q., IX, 4,
pp. 984–86, Calcutta, 1933). In the light of certain Indian and Iranian traditions, the probability of Varāhamihira and Buzūrjmehr being identical is discussed in this note. The facts of Varāhamihira's life are put together, and it is suggested that his original name might have been Brhanmitra which means the same as Buzūrjmehr. 17. Syntactic Position of Preposition in Ardhamāgadhi (The
I.H.Q., IX, 4, pp. 987–88, Calcutta, 1933). In Vedic Sanskrit separable prepositions are found in plenty. In this note four instances of separable prepositions from Ardhamāgadhi canon are noted and explained.
18. The Prākrit Dialect of Pravacanasāra or Jaina Saura
seni (The J.U.B., II, 6, Bombay, May 1934). The Jaina Sauraseni occupies an important position in the scheme of Prākrit dialects. With a view to shed more light on this dialect it is attempted here to present a descriptive grammar of the gāthäs of Pravacanasāra. After a comparative study it is shown that this dialect inherits many features of the Ardhamāgadhī dialect of the Svetāmbara canon, that it is nourished in the background of Saurasenī, and that strong influence of Sanskrit is working on it. Furthermore, its name and home and i relation with the preclassical Prakrit of the Natyasāstra are fully discussed.
19. Darsanasāra of Devasena: Critical Text (Annals of the
B.O.R.I., XV, 3-4, pp. 198–206, Poona, 1934). The Darśanasāra of Devasena is an important text for the study of Jaina schisms. The Prākrit text is critically edited here with the help of five Mss. from the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. Various readings are given in the footnotes.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 20. To Mysore, Through Kanara (The Rajaramian, Kolha
pur, 1935). This is an article describing Dr. Upadhye's visit to various cultural centres and places of interest in Karnāțaka. 21. The Leśyā Doctrine (Proc. & Trans. of the A.-1.0.C.,
VII, pp. 391-98, Baroda, 1935). It is shown here that the antecedent counterparts of the Leśyās detected by different scholars in the Ājivika system are only superficial. After explaining the etymology of the term Leśyā, the metaphysical basis and the dogmatical details of this doctrine in Jainism are discussed herc. 22. Studies in Jaiza Gotras (J.A., II, 3, pp. 61–69, Arrah,
1936). After discovering three lists of Gotras etc. among the Jainas, the sources of the material that formed these lists are discussed in this paper with adequate references from inscriptions etc. where also some Gotras cte, are mentioned. It is shown here how the names of Gotras are drawn from the lists of Yakşas; the Pravaras from the Sahasranāma of Jinasena; Sūtras from the lists of Ganadhara-mukhiyas etc.; and the Sākhās from the various subdivisions of Srutajñāna. And in conclusion it is shown that these lists must have been supplemented, now and then, till the 13th century A.D. 23. Jainism and Karma Doctrinc (J.A., II, 1, pp. 1-28,
Arrah, 1936). This is the first of a series of articles planned with a view to study the various aspects of Karma doctrine of which so
etails are found in Jainism. A survey of the antecedents of the Karma theory is taken. The Indian continent is geographically and naturally favourable for speculative thought; and it is here that the help of the theory of transmigration was invoked to explain the inequalities of the human life. Transmigration and a permanent migrating spirit form the back-bone of the theory of Karma. Then here is presented a review of the theory of Ātman through the various stages of Indian literature. Upanişads show a decided advance with regard to the doctrine of transmigration possibly under the influence of Indian ab

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A. N. UPADHYE
[ II 24 -
origins (who are being termed now as Indids). It is the conversation between Yajnavalkya and Jaratkärava that discloses something like the Karma doctrine. Further the various aspects of this doctrine are synthetically gleaned from the Mahabharata and Bhagavadgītā and from the various philosophical systems like Karma-mimāmsā, Yoga and Buddhism. The details of Karma doctrine in the Yogasūtras appear to have been worked out under Buddhist influence.
24. Tiloyapanṇatti of Jadivasaha (J.S.B., II ff., Arraha, 1936 onwards; also separately issued in a book form, pp. 1120, Arraha, 1941).
The Tiloyapannatti is an important text of the Karananuyoga group of the pro-canon of the Jainas. A thorough study of the text is likely to throw abundant light on many a link in the history of Jaina literature and on the growth of Prakrits. The text is very difficult in many places; sometimes the contents are obscure; and no Sanskrit commentary or Chaya on this text is available. With the help of three Mss., almost as an experiment, a portion of the text is edited here.
25. A Comparative Study of Svetambara and Digambara Literature (The Atmananda Janmaśatabdi Smaraka Volume, pp. 82-4, Bombay, 1936).
This note presents a list of Prakrit words which are differently Sanskritized by Digambara and Svetambara authors. This shows that both of them had the same stock of literature in the beginning.
26. Mystic Elements in Jainism (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., IX, pp. 673-77, Trivandrum, 1940; J.A., III, 2, pp. 27-30, Arrah, 1937).
This paper brings out how mysticism is worked out in the scheme of Jaina dogmatical details.
27. Orthographical Explanation of certain Prakrit Words (Proc. & Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., VIII, pp. 729-38, Bangalore, 1937).
There are many Prakrit forms for which we have no real phonetic justification. In the medieval Devanagari script, g and m, m and s, bbh and jjh, p and y, cch and tth, etc. were written

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- 33 ) BIBLIOGRAPHY
37 almost alike. It is shown here that a misreading of these characters has given rise to many Prākrit forms which are discussed in this paper. So far known, this is a new approach towards the explanation of many Prākrit words and forms which are otherwise obscure.
28. Kolhapur Copper-plates of Gandarādityadeva: Saka
1048 (E.I., XXIII, 1-2, pp. 28-34, Ootacamund, 1937). These copper-plates which were recently discovered in Kolhapur are deciphered here. The text is edited here along with an English translation and with an introductory note explaining the localities mentioned in these plates. 29. A Tamil Commentary on Pravacanasāra (Annals of the
B.O.R.I., XIX, 1, pp. 1-2, Poona, 1938). The opening verse of the Tamil commentary is correctly interpreted in this note. 30. Jambudvipa-prajñapti-samgraha of Padmanandi (I.H.Q.,
XIV, pp. 188–91, Calcutta, 1938). This paper introduces the Jambuddīva-pannatti, an important Prākrit text on Jaina cosmography by one Padmanandi of uncertain date. 31. Grammatical Peculiarities of Varāngacarita (N.I.A.,
I, 9, pp. 554–7, Bombay, 1938). The Varāngacarita is a Sanskrit Purāņic Kāvya of the 7th century A.D. In this paper are collected together a few grammatical peculiarities from it; and they may be looked upon as deviations fom the standard Sanskrit. 32. On the Authorship of a Mangala Verse in Inscriptions
N.I.A., II, 2, pp. 11-12, Bombay, 1939). The famous verse śrīmat-parama-gambhira, etc., which occurs in many Jaina inscriptions, is pointed out here to be the first verse of the Pramāna-samgraha of Akalanka which is lately brought to light. This will enable one to put limits to the date of Akalanka as well as to the age of many undated epigraphs. 33. Some Inscriptions on Jaina Images (J.A., V, 3, pp. 97-99,
Arrah, 1939).

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38 A. N. UPADHYE
III 34 - This paper presents the text of four newly discovered inscriptions on Jaina images and critically discusses their implications. They are of the Yāpaniyasamgha, etc.
34. Belgo! and Bahubali (J.A., V, 4, p. 137-41, Arrah, 1940).
This note describes the monolithic statue of Bahubali at Sravana Belgol and dwells upon the permanent moral values for which it stands. 35. References to Syādvāda in the Ardhamāgadhi Canon
(Proc. & Trans, of the A.-I.O.C., IX, pp. 669-72, Tri
vandrum, 1940). With a view to shed light on the antecedents and history of the doctrine of Syädvāda, some crucial passages from the Ardhamāgadhī canon are brought together and discussed critically 36. Jīvatattva-pradīnikā on Gommațasāra: Its Author and
Date (I.C., VII, 1, pp. 23-33, Calcutta, 1940; also in
Hindi, Anckānta, IV, pp. 113-20, Saharanpur, 1942). It was all along believed that the author of this Jivatattvapradīpikä is Keśavavarni, but in this paper by presenting fresh evidence, it is conclusively proved that the author is one Nemicandra, different from the author of the Gommatasara, who wrote his Sanskrit commentary following Keśavavarni's Kannada commentary. This Nemicandra was a contemporary of Vijayakirti who was honoured by Malli Blūpāla and thus flourished at the beginning of the 16th century A.D. 37. Paisāci Language and Literature (Annals of the B.O.R.I.,
XXI, 1-2, pp. 1–37, Poona, 1940). This is an exhaustive paper on the subject, and the following topics are covered by it: (1) Introductory remarks. (2) Vararuci on Paiśācī. (3) Canda on Paišācī. (4) Namisārhu on Paiśāci. (5) Hemacandra, Trivikrama, Lakşmīdhara and Simharāja on Paisāci. (6) Hemacandra and his followers on Cūlikā Paiśācī. (7) Puruşottama, Rāmasarman and Markandeya on Paisāci. (8) Additional varicties of Paisāci given by Rāmaśarman. (9) Critical Estimate of this survey. (10) Background of Hemacandra's description. (11) Critical remark on the facts given by Puruşottama, etc. (12) Essential traits of basic Pai

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39 śācī. (13) The so-called Sauraseni Paisāci. (14) Paišācī, a Prākrit dialect. (15) Attempts to find Paišācī traits elsewhere. (16) Dravidian affinities of Paisāci. (17) Spelling of the name of this language. (18) Sub-dialects of Paiśāci. (19) The sub-dialect Cūlikā Paisāci and Sogdian. (20) Grammarians on the meaning of Paiśāci. (21-22) Modern scholars on Paiśāci and its significance. (23) Different scholars on the original home of Paišācī: Statement of the views of Konow, Grierson, Keith, etc., and their critical estimate. (24) Possible conclusion. (25) Conventions about the use of Paisāci. (26) Literature in Paišāci: Gunādhya and his Brhatkathā; three Sanskrit versions of the lost work; nature, etc., of Bịhatkathā; references to Guņādhya and his work; and the date of Gupādhya. (27) Paiśāci thrown into the background. (28) Compositions in Paiśācī by Hemacandra, Jayasimha, Yašapāla, Dharmavardhana, Jinaprabha and Somasundara.—Glossary of Paiśācī words in Grammars. 38. Gommata (B.V., II, 1, pp. 48–58, Bombay, 1940; also
in Hindi, Anekānta, IV, pp. 229–33, 293–99, Saharan
pur, 1942). Taking into account the various references about Gommateśyara in inscriptions, ctc., it is found that it is reasonable to believe that Gommata was the name of Cāmundarāya. The term gommata incaning handsome, fair, etc., is quite current in Marathi as well as in Kannada. In conclusion, the view that Gommata is derived from Manmatha is refuted in details. 39. Materials for the interpretations of the term Gom
mata (I.H.Q., XVI, pp. 819-826, Calcutta, 1940; for its Hindi version J.S.B., VIII, 2, pp. 85-90, Arrah,
1941). This paper presents a critical study and an objective reinterpretation of some of the crucial gathās of the Gommataşāra in which the term Gommata is used with various shades of meaning. It is obvious from the discussion that Gommata was a name of Cāmundarāya who got carved the famous statue of Bāhubali at Śravana Belgo?. 40. On the Date of Vasunandi's commentary on Mülācāra
(Woolner Commemoration Volume, pp. 257-59, Lahore, 1940).

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[ II 41 - The Sanskrit commentary of Vasunandi on the Mūlācāra is assigned to the iniddle of the 12th century A.D. 41. The Kamsavaho, a Prākrit Kāvya (Proc. & Trans. of
the A.-1.0.C., X, pp. 213-4, Madras, 1941). This note introduces the Kamsavaho, a Prākrit poein, found in two Mss. from the South. It is composed by Rāma Pānivāda who comes from Malabar and flourished at the beginning of the 18th century A.D. 42. Hastimalla and his Adipurāna (Volume of Studies in In
dology presented to Prof. P. V. Kane, pp. 526-29,
Poona, 1941). This is a succinct record of the biographical details about Hastimalla and of the works attributed to him. His date is still a problem. A Kannada work of his, Adipurāņa by name, is introduced in this paper. 13. Usāniruddham, a Prākrit Kāvya (J.U.B., X, 2, pp. 156–
93, Bombay, 1941). This is an exhaustive monograph on the Usāniruddham which is brought to light for the first time. The following topics are covered in this paper: (1) Critical Apparatus. (2) Procedure of Text-constitution. (3) Authorship, Age, etc., of the Poem. (4) Summary of the Contents. (5) The Source form, ctc., of the story. (6) Antecedents of the Prākrit Poem. (7) Metres in the Pocm. (8) Style, etc., of the Poem. (9) Prākrit Text of the Poem. 44. Siricimdhakavvam of Kļsəalīlāśuka (B.V., III, 1,
pp. 60–76, Bombay, 1941). The following topics are covered in this paper: (1) The class of works to which Siricimdhakavvam belongs. (2) Its Author, Krsnalīlāśuka, and his date. (3) Durgāprasādayati, his contribution to the poem and his Sanskrit commentary. (4) The contents of the poem, and its estimate as a Kävya in comparison with Kumārapālacarita. (5) Text of the first canto. (6) Grammatical illustrations from the text studied in comparison with those given in the commentaries of the Prākrtaprakāśa. (7) Importance of this poem for the text-problem of the Prākrtaprakāśa of Vararuci,

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 45. Valmiki-sūtra: A Myth (B.V., II, 2, pp. 160–72, Bombay,
1941). This is an exhaustive paper which takes stock of the earlier views on the so-called Valmiki Sūtras for the existence of which, it is argued, the evidence is very meagre. It is concluded that the so-called Sūtras of Välmiki are really the Sūtras composed by Trivikrama who himself has written a commentary on them. The following topics are discussed in this paper: (1) Prākrit Grammars attributed to Pāņini, Vālmīki and Samantabhadra. (2) The evidence about Vālmīki-sūtra and its critical evaluation. (3) Trivikrama's claims to the authorship of the so-called Vālmīki-sūtras and their justification as against those of Vālmīki. (4) On the probable origin of the tradition attributing a Präkrit Grammar to Vālmīki. (5) The views of Hultzsch discussed. (6) Conclusions of Bhattanatha Svamin and T. K. Laddu indicated; and Trivikrama shown to be a Southerner and a Digambara after explaining the difficulties expressed by Bhattanatha Svamin. (7) K. P. Trivedi's conclusion discussed. (8) Two groups of Prākrit Grammarians; and the attempt of Grierson to put Välmīki at the head of the Western School discussed. (9) Views of Nitti-Dolci controverted. (10) Conclusion. 46. Padmaprabha and his commentary on Niyamasāra
(Proc. & Trans. of the A.-1.0.C., VIII, pp. 425–35, Bangalore; Revised and published in the J.U.B., XI, 2,
pp. 100-10, Bombay, 1942). Padmaprabha has written a Sanskrit commentary on the Niyamasāra of Kundakunda. Some personal details are gathered here from his stray remarks in his commentary. All his quotations which often mention either the author or the work are analysed. Among the works mentioned by him, it is shown that the Mārgaprakāśa and Srutabindu are not so far discovered and the Tattvānuśāsana known to Padmaprabha was different from that of Rāmasena available today. In conclusion Padmaprabha is assigned to the last quarter of the 12th century and the first quarter of the 13th century. Here all the verses quoted by him are listed alphabetically noting their sources wherever possible. 47. Dr. Balkrishn and his Sukranītisāra (in Marāthī) (Dr.
Balkrishn Commemoration Volume, pp. 132-36, Kolhapur, 1942).

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[ II 48 - This is a note on the unpublished Hindi translation of the Sukranītisāra left incomplete by Dr. Balkrishn. 48. Harişena's Dharmaparikṣā in Apabhramba (Silver
Jubilee Number, Annals of the B.O.R.I., XXII, pp. 592-608, Poona, 1942; in Hindi, Anekānta, VIII,
pp. 48-53, 90–96, Saharanpur, 1946). The following topics are discussed in this paper: (1) Various Dharma-parīkşās. (2) Dp. of Amitagati. (3) Dp. of Vșttavilāsa. (4) Dp. of Padmasāgara. (5) Apabhramsa Dp. of Harişeņa: (a) Its Mss. (b) Its extent and aim. (c) Information about Harisena, his date and the composition of Dp. (d) Predecessors of Harişena. (e) Works of Harişeņa and Amitagati compared with regard to their plot, general contents, descriptions, common expressions, etc. (f) Prākritisms in Amitagati's Dp. and the possibility of its being indebted to a Präkrit original. (g) Whether Amitagati is directly indebted to Harişena's Dp. (h) Crucial difference in the two texts. (i) Sanskrit quotations in Harisena's Dp. (j) Dhūrtākhyāna and Dp. 49. A Prākrit Grammar Attributed to Samantabhadra
(I.H.Q., XVII, pp. 511-16, Calcutta, 1942). This paper presents a critical study of the Poona Ms. of the Prākrit grammar attributed to Samantabhadra. It is conclu here that this gammar is later than Hemacandra, that it cannot be attributed to Samantabhadra, the great logician, and that there is no evidence at all to postulate any other Samantabhadra later than Hemacandra. 50. The Present Position of Prākrit, Jaina and Buddhistic
Studies and their Future (Presidential Address of the Prākrit and Buddhism Section, All-India Oriental Conference, Hyderabad, Proc. of the A.-I.O.C., VII,
pp. 1-34, Hyderabad, 1941). This is an exhaustive address which takes stock of the work done in the Jaina and Buddhistic fields of study during the earlier years. The future prospects in these fields are also discussed in details. 51. Vaddāradhaneyamba Halegannada Gadya Grantha (in
Kannada, Prabuddha Karnāțaka, 24, 2, pp. 99–109, Mysore, 1942).

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- 57 )
BIBLIOGRAPHY The Vaddārādhane is an important Kannada Text which has evoked a good deal of discussion amongst Kannada scholars. In this paper are discussed the authorship, the title, the nature of the language and lastly the date of the work which needs to be assigned probably to the 11th century A.D. 52. Jatā-Simhanandiya Varāmgacarite (Kamnātaka Sāhitya
Parişatpatrike, XXV, 3, pp. 133-46, Bangalore, 1942). This paper puts together all the known references to JatāSimhanandi, who is so often mentioned by Kannada authors, and introduces the Sanskrit Purāņic Kāvya, the Varāmgacarita, a MS. of which is lately discovered. 53. Prākrit Studies: Their latest Progress and Future (J.A.,
VIII, 2, pp. 69–86, Arrah, 1942). 54. Some of the Latest Institutions and Journals and their
work in the field of Prākrit Studies, etc. (J.A., VIII, 1,
pp. 1–7, Arah, 1942). 55. On the Latest Progress of Jaina and Buddhistic Studies
(J.A., IX, 1, pp. 20-29 and IX, 2, pp. 47–60, Arrah,
1943). These are important portions from the address delivered by Dr. A. N. Upadhye as the President of the Prākrit, Pāli, Jainism and Buddhism Section of the A.-I.O.C., Hyderabad, 1941. 56. The Soricaritta, a Prākrit Kāvya (J.U.B., XII, 2, pp. 47–
62, Bombay, 1943). It is for the first time that this Prākrit Kāvya is brought to light from a MS. at Trivandrum. The MS. has its peculiarities. The first canto is summarised here along with the presentation of the text of the same accompanied by relevant extracts from the Sanskrit commentary. Some details about the author are given. Incidentally some light is thrown on the authorship of the Sūtras of Trivikrama's Grammar, on the various difficulties facing a student of Prākrit dialects and on the use of l in Präkrit. 57. Vikrama-Samvatakā Prādurbhāva (Vikrama Smrti
Grantha, pp. 67–69, Gwalior, 1944). This paper puts together certain passages which seem to calculate the Vikrama era from the death of Vikrama.

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[ II 58
58. Tavanidhi and its Inscriptions (J.A., X, 1, pp. 49–51, Arrah, 1944; also J.A., XI, 2, pp. 15-16, Arrahı, 1946).
This note describes Tavanidhi (Dt. Belgaum) and puts together references to this holy place from earlier literature. Further, inscriptions on the statues in the local temples are deciphered and discussed in details.
59. The Prakrit Dhürtākhyāna, a Unique Indian Satire (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XII, pp. 464-67, Banaras, 1946).
The Dhurtakhyāna of Haribhadra is evaluated as a satire. Related tendencies of this type of literary form in Indian literature are discussed and Haribhadra's contribution is appraised.
60. The Date of Subandhu's Vasavadatta (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XIII, pp. 113-14, Nagpur, 1946).
Jinabhadra whose date is lately ascertained to be A.D. 608-9 refers to Vasavadatta; so it is reasonable to put the Vasavadatta of Subandhu earlier than 608-9.
61. Kavi Parameśvara or Paramesthi (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XIII, pp. 375-80, Nagpur, 1946; in Hindi, J.S.B., XIII, 2, pp. 81-86, Arrah, 1947).
Various references to Kavi Parameśvara from Kannada and Sanskrit literature are put together, and it is shown that he definitely flourished earlier than A.D. 837. It is for the first time that certain quotations attributed to him are brought to light, and it is surmised that the original work must have been in an admixture of prose and verse.
62. Śricandra and his Apabhramsa Kathakośa (Bhārata Kaumudi, II, pp. 1005-16, Allahabad, 1946).
The Apabhramsa Kathakosa of Sricandra is introduced here from a single MS. Śricandra gives his genealogy and mentions his contemporaries. It appears that he flourished in the last quarter of the 11th century A.D. The sources of this Kathākoša and its relation with Harişena's Sanskrit Kathakosa are dis
cussed here.
63. Nayacandra and his Rambhamañjarī (Journal of the U.P. Hist. Society, XIX, pp. 90-98; also in Hindi,

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Premi Abhinandana Grantha, pp. 411-17, Tikamgad, 1946).
45
The Rambhamañjarī is a typical Saṭṭaka. Biographical details about Nayacandra are given here. Further the contents of the play are summarised and compared and contrasted with those of other Saṭṭakas.
64. Prakrit Literature (Encyclopedia of Literature, I, pp. 481-90, ed. J. T. Shipley, Philosophical Library, New York, 1946).
This is an exhaustive essay, perhaps the first attempt of its kind, on the different aspects of Prakrit literature which is reviewed here as a whole with special reference to Prakrit dialects and different works available in them. The contents may be tabulated thus: (1) Prakrit Language: its growth, usage and dialects. (2) Prakrit Inscriptions and Dramas. (3) The Jaina Canon, Pro-canon and Post-canonical works. (4) Lyrical Anthologies, Didactic works and Hymns. (5) Narrative Literature in Jaina Mahārāṣṭrī and Apabhraiśa. (6) Classical Kavyas and Campus. (7) Doctrinal Treatises. (9) Grammars. (10) Lexicons. (11) Works on Poetics and Metrics. (12) Astronomical and Medical Texts. (13) Conclusion.
65. Samara-miyamkā Kahā of Haribhadra (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-1.0.C., XIII, pp. 381-2, Nagpur, 1946; and with revision B.V., VII, pp. 23-4, Bombay, 1947).
It is clearly shown that the phrase Samara-miyaṁkā Kahā mentioned by Uddyotanasūri is to be interpreted in Sanskrit as Samara-initārkā Katha and undoubtedly stands for Samarāditya-katha of Haribhadra.
66. K-suffix in Sanskrit (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XII, p. 635-36, Banaras, 1948).
This note puts together interesting forms of nouns and pronouns having k-suffix used in the Kathakośa of Harisena.
67. Bhriga-Samdeśa: A Prakrit Kavya (Principal Karmarkar Commemoration Volume, pp. 217-21, Poona, 1948). This paper introduces a fragment of a Prakrit poem, Bhṛngasaindeśa, accompanied by a Sanskrit commentary from a single MS. preserved at Trivandrum. The introductory remarks deplore

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46 A. N. UPADHYE
[ II 68 - the neglect of Prākrit works, and a list of those which are known only by names is added 68. A Pattāvali of Senagaņa (J.A., XIII, 2, pp. 1-9, Arrah,
1948). This paper presents with a few critical introductory remarks an unpublished Pattāvali of the Senagana in Sanskrit from a single MS.; and it is accompanied by an Index of Proper Names. 69. References to Earlier Works in the Tiloyapannatti (Proc.
and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XV, pp. 293–4, Bombay,
1949). The Tiloya-pannatti, which is an ancient Prākrit text on Jaina cosmography, refers to earlier texts like Aggāyaniya, Diţthivāda, Parikamma, Mūlāyāra, Loyaviņiechaya, Loyavibhāya and Logāinī. 70. Kaula-dharmakā Paricaya, in Hindi (Varni Abhinandana
Grantha, pp. 207–10, Sagar, 1949). This paper puts together some of the practices etc. of the Kaula religion from the works of Rājasekhara, Devasena and Puşpadanta. 71. Pañcastūpānvaya, in Hindi J.S.B., XVI, 1, pp. 1-6,
Arrah, 1949). The Pancastūpānvaya, a line of Jaina monks, is studied in its historical background, and its relation with the Senagaņa is explained. 72. Ahimsā and World Problems (Addresses and Essays on
Jainism and World Problems, pp. 1-3, Calcutta, 1949). This is a paper read before the Delegates of the World Pacifist Conference. It brings out how Ahimsā is a potent principle and is sure to rescue the world from the constant threat of war. 73. The Fundamentals of Living Faiths: Jainism (Silver
Jubilee Commemoration Volume, The Indian Philo
sophical Congress, pp. 132–38, Calcutta, 1950). This paper gives a succinct exposition of the fundamentals of Jainism: its historical antecedents, metaphysical basis, logical approach and ethical ideology.

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47 74. Jainas and Jainism (M. M. Potdar Commemoration
Volume, pp. 157-75, Poona, 1950). This is an essay on Jainas and their religion as it was and as it is. Further it surveys important contributions of the Jainas to Indian art, architecture and literature and presents, in addition, a brief resumé of Jaina metaphysics, logic and ethical code, the last as laid down for the laity and monks. 75. Prakrta Jaina Sahityaki Rūparekhā (Nāgari Pracāriņi
Patrikā, 55, 3, pp. 157–63, Banaras, 1950). This is a short outline of Prākrit Jaina literature in its various strata, canonical, commentarial, pro-canonical and other miscellaneous works covering dogmatical exposition of Jainism and narrative and didactic tale as well as Prākrit lexicons and grammars. 76. Interpretation of Passages from Mrcchakatika (Siddha
Bharati, being the Dr. Siddheshwar Varma Presentation
Volume, pp. 1-2, Hoshiarpur, 1950). It is shown in this paper that words like samta, uvāsaka, dhana, punna, ctc. should be interpreted basically from Prākrits, because they are so used with blesa. Any attempt to understand them through the Sanskrit chāyā does not lead to correct interpretations which are suggested here. 77. When was Pārsvābhyudaya composed? (B.V., XI, 1-2,
Pp. 4-5, Bombay, 1950). The conflicting evidence on the date of the composition of the Pārsvabhyudaya is explained by suggesting that this poem might have been composed between 775 and 780 A.D., but the verse No. 70 might have been added later on when Jinasena came in contact with the Răstrakūta king Amoghavarşa, of course after the latter came to the throne. 78. Sanskrit Studies: Whither? (A paper submitted to the
All-India Sanskrit Parishad, Somanath, J.A., XVIII, 2,
pp. 12-15, Arrah, 1952). The importance of Sanskrit is unquestioned but it would be a mistake to approach the study of Sanskrit through bias for one religion or the other or with some sectarian or sectional outlook. The debt of critical and historical method given to India

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[ II 79
by Western scholarship should not be ignored: in fact this method should be followed while covering all the branches of Indian learning embedded in different languages. Further, mere propaganda and slogans will do us no good. Our pursuit of basic human values preached through Sanskrit, Prakrit and Pāli etc. should be earnest and thorough both in private and public life.
79. On the latest Phase of the Progress of Prakrit Studies (A paper submitted to the 22nd International Congress of Orientalists, Istanbul; J.A., XVIII, 1, pp. 1-6, Arrah, 1952).
This is a survey of the latest progress of Prakrit studies mentioning important contributions in the different branches of Prakrit literature, namely, inscriptions, plays, poems, dogmatical texts and Apabhramsa and post-Apabhramsa works.
80. Ghanasyama and his Anandasundari (The Prof. M. Hiriyanna Commemoration Volume, pp. 1-6, Mysore, 1952). Here the author Ghanasyama is introduced with the necessary details about his life and works. Then his Saṭṭaka, the Anandasundari, is summarized, and some critical observations are offered on the same.
81. The Jainas (The Indo-Asian Culture, II, 2, pp. 164-69, Delhi, 1953).
This note gives an outline of the part played by the Jainas in different parts of India, starting with their Tirthankaras.
82. Age of the Paramatma-prakāśa (Annals of the B.O.R.I., XXXIV, pp. 166-7, Poona, 1954).
This short note scrutinises the evidences advanced by A. Master to settle the date of the Paramātma-prakāśa; and it is shown that they are not in any way conclusive.
83. On the Text of the Dhürtākhyāna (Proc. and Trans. of the A.-I.O.C., XVI, pp. 173-76, Lucknow, 1955).
It is shown in this paper that some passages quoted in the Sanskrit commentary of Abhayadeva (of the 2nd half of the 11th century A.D.) on the Praśnavyakarananga have a close agreement with the text of the Dhurtākhyana, though he does not specify the source.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 84. Marathi Elements in a Prākrit Drama (Chatterji Jubilee
Volume, Indian Linguistics, XVI, pp. 147–52, Madras, 1955).
This paper puts together various Marāthi expressions in the Prākrit play, Anandasundari, of Ghanaśyāma who hailed from Mahārāstra, but lived at Tanjore about the middle of the 18th century A.D.
85. Dhūrtākhyāna in the Niśíthacūrni (Submitted to the
A.-1.0.C., XVII; revised and published in the Ācārya Sri Vijayavallabhasūri Smāraka Grantha, pp. 143-51,
Bombay, 1956). The Dlürtākhyāna found in the Niśithacūrni is introduced hicre with it summary of the contents which are compared and contrasted with those in the work of Haribhadra who, it is concluded, is indebted to the Cūrni. The Appendix gives the text as found in the Cūrni.
06. The Samtināha-cariü in Apabhramsa (J. of the Univer
sity of Poona, 5, pp. 144-65, Poona, 1956).
This is a monograph on an unpublished Apabhramsa text, the Samtināhacariü. The following topics are discussed here: (1) MS. material. (2) Age of the Work. (3) Evidence on the Authorship of Mahindu, Mahadū and Bambhajjuna. (4) Conclusion: Mahadū and Bambhajjuna, the Authors. (5) Sadhārana the Patron. (6) Contents and Form. (7) Puşpadanta's Influence. (8) Earlier Authors Mentioned. (9) Apabhramsa Language of the Text. (10) Appendices: (a) Colophons in a consolidateil form; (b) SC XIII. XV-xvii, giving information about Mahadū etc.; (c) Ghattā Verses at the close of Various Cantos; (d) Nāmāvaji: Sādhārana and his Family; (e) Sanskrit Verses Blessing Sadhārana at the close of various Cantos; and (f) SO Samdhi I, Text. 87. Once Again, Vālmikisūtra--A Myth (B.V., XV, 3, pp.
28-31, Bombay, 1956). Here some of the arguments, lately advanced, are refuted; and the carlier conclusion about the so-called Vālmīki-sūtras is confirmed.

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[ II 88 - 88. Kings and Dynasties Mentioned in the Tiloyapannatti
(Jubilee Number of the J. of the Asiatic Society of
Bombay: In Press). This paper discusses the various references to kings and dynasties mentioned in the Tiloyapannatti which is assigned to a period between A.D. 473 and 609.
89. Vankālācārya (Gode Commemoration Volume, In Press).
This paper puts together all that is known about the author Vamkālācārya and gives certain quotations attributed to him.
90. Mahāvīra and His Philosophy of Life (Transaction No.
25, pp. 1-22, The Indian Institute of Culture, Banga
lore, 1956). This lecture was delivered on the occasion of the Mahāvīra Jayanti under the auspices of the Indian Institute of Culture, in April 1956. It deals with the background of Jainism, gives a neat account of the life of Mahāvīra, and finally disclisses the great principles preached by him indicating their value in the context of the present-day world problems. 91. The Literature and Philosophy of the Jainas (The indo
Asian Culture, IV, 4, pp. 440–49, Delhi, 1956). Here are presented broad outlines of the Jaina literature and Philosophy in a non-technical manner. 92. The Ethics of the Jainas (The Indo-Asian Culture, V,
2, pp. 183–189, Delhi, 1956). In this note the details of the Jaina ethics are discussed, as prescribed for a layman and for a monk. 93. Prākrit Language and Kāshmir Saivism (Dr. S. K. Bel
valkar Commemoration Volume, Patna). The Mahārtha-mañjari of Maheśvarānanda, a Prākrit work, is critically introduced; and on the authority of certain passages from it, it is pointed how certain Tantric texts must have been originally in Prakrit! 94. Rights Flith' (aind Gazette, XXV, pp. 10–13, 35–39,
65-69 and 99–105). This is an exhaustive exposition of the Jaina doctrine of

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- 98] BIBLIOGRAPHY
51 Samyag-ılarśana, the significance of which from the Vyavahāra and Niscaya points of view is discussed giving the necessary dogmatic details connected with it.
95. On the Bahurata Schism (Jaina Gazette, XXVII).
The traditional account of the Bahurata schism started by Jamāli in the very life-time of Mahāvīra is given in this paper. Further the philosophical implications of the Bahurata doctrines are explained with illustrations. 96. Cinmaya-cintāmani (Śrī-Jinavijaya, p. 16, etc., Belgaum,
1930). Here is edited (in collaboration with Prof. K. G. Kundangar) a small Kannada poem dealing with Ātmavidyā. Its author is one Kalyāṇakirti, of later age, who writes in simple language. 97. Jñānabhāskara-carite (Śrī-Jinavijaya, p. 37 ff., Belgaum,
1931). This is a small Kannada poem dealing with Ātmajñāna written in simple but effective language. The text is edited (in collaboration with Prof. K. G. Kundangar) here with a Preface.
98. Syūdvāda (Jaina Gazette, XXVI).
The ontological and epistemological background of the Syādvāda is discussed in this paper; and then the seven predications are stated and discussed. In conclusion, it is shown that Syādváda is of no great value in disputations, but it is primarily a corrective and constructive process of understanding reality.

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III. REVIEWS
i. Pravacanasāra: The Pravacanasāra of Kundakunda Ācārya
together with the com. Tattvadlīpikā by Amrtacandrasuri with English trans. by Barend Faddegon, cd. with an Intro. by F..W. Thomas, pp. xxiv-228, Jaina Literature Society Series Vol. 1, Price 15s. nct, Cambridge, 1935.
Annals of the B.O.R.I., XVII, 1, pp. 87–92, Poona, 1937. 2. A Grammar of the Braj Bhākhā by Mirza Khan (A.1). 1676),
Visvabhārati Series No. 3, The Persian Text critically edited from original MSS., with an Intro., Trans., and Notes, together with the contents of the Tuhfatu-1-Hind by M. Ziauddin with foreword by S. K. Chatterji, Royal 8vo pp. xi-92, Calcutta, 1935.
Annals of the B.O.R.I., XVIII, 4, pp. 402-3, Poona, 1937.
3. Persian Influence on Hindi by Ambikaprasad Vajpcyi, Pub
lished by the University of Calcutta, Demy 8vo, pp. 8-212. Annals of the B.O.R.I., XVIII, 4, pp. 409-10, Poona, 1937
4. Nāgakumāracaritam of Bāhubali, ed. by A. S. Shastri, pub
lished by the Mysore Jaina Association, Demy 8vo, pp. 12–48; 4–318, Mysore, 1933.
O.L.D., I, 1, 2, Poona, 1937.
5. Jainācārya Sri Atmānanda Centenary Commemoration Vol
ume, ed. by M. D. Desai, published by the Secy., Ātmānanda Janmaśatābdi Smāraka Samiti, Crown 4to, pp. 32190; 218_404, Bombay, 1936.
O.L.D., I, 1, 3, Poona, 1937. 6. Jambūsvāmi-Caritam Adhyātma-kamala-mārtandasca of
Rājamalla, ed. by Pt. J. C. Shastri and published by Pt. N. Premi, Vol. 35, Manikachandra D. J. Grantlamala, Cr** * *18*2642, *Bombay, 1996.
OLD,MI, 3, -20, Poona, 1937.
7. Pama-Rāmāyana-Samgraha, ed. by Tiruvallur Srinivasa
Raghavachar and D. L. Narasimhachar, University of

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandiri
53
III - 151
BIBLIOGRAPHY Mysore, Crown, pp. 108–194, Mysore, 1936.
O.L.D., I, 4, 4, Poona, 1937.
8. Sri Kumudendu Rāmāyana of Sri Kumudendu, Part I,
Cantos 1-8, ed. by Prof. K. G. Kundangar, No. 3 of Sri (andrasāgara Jaina Granthamālā, Demy 8vo, pp. 32-24210, Belgaum, 1936.
OL.D., I, 4, 3, Poona, 1937.
9. Ātmānusāsana of Gunabhadra, Sanskrit Text, edited with
English translation and commentary by J. L. Jaini, Sacred Books of the Jainas, VII, Royal 8vo, pp. 4–76, Lucknow, 1928.
O.L.D., I, 7, 4, Poona, 1938.
10. An Eight Hundred-Year-Old Book of Indian Medicine and
Formulas, translated from the original very Old-Hindi into Gujarāti character and thence into English by Elizabeth Sharpe, Demy 8vo, pp. 136, Luzac and Co., London 1937.
(.L.D., I, 7, 6, Poona, 1938.
11. Mahadeviyakka by Prof. K. G. Kundangar, published by
Basavana Balaga, Crown, pp. 166, Kolhapur, 1937.
O.L.D., I, 7, 16, Poona, 1938.
12. Samayasāra of Kundakundācārya, Prākrit Text, Sanskrit
Chāyā, English translation and comm. etc., ed. by J. L. Jaini, Sacred Books of the Jains, Vol. VIII, Royal 8vo,
pp. 7-214, Lucknow, 1930. 13. Niyamasāra as above, ed. by Uggar Sain, Sacred Books of
the Jainas, Vol. IX, Royal 8vo, pp. 8_78, Lucknow, 1931.
O.L.D., I, 8, 8-9, Poona, 1938. 14. An Outline of Indian Temple Architecture by F. H. Gravely,
Supdt., Govt. Museum, Demy 4to, pp. 22, Madras, 1936.
O.L.D., I, 8, 15-6, Poona, 1938. 15. The Story of Indian Civilization by C. E. M. Joad, Mac
millan & Co., Ltd., Crown, pp. 12-152,, London, 1936.
OL.D., I, 8, 18-20, Poona, 1938,

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54 A. N. UPADHYE
[III 16 - 16. A History of Brajabuli Literature by Sukumar Sen, pub
lished by the University of Calcutta, Royal 8vo, pp. 19-- 600, Calcutta, 1935.
O.L.D., I, 10, 6-7, Poona, 1938. 17. Hariharadeva, being a collection of essays on Hariharadeva:
his life, date and works, published by the President, Karnatak Sangha, Rajaram College, Crown, M. 8-16-262, Kolhapur, 1937.
O.L.D., I, 10, 7-8, Poona, 1938. 18. Jaina Kaviyõkā Itihāsa yā Prācīna Hindi Jaina Kavi by
Pt. Mulachandra Jaina, published by the Secretary, Jaina Sāhitya Sammelan, Crown, pp. 8--190, Damoh, 1937.
O.L.D., I, 10, 8, Poona, 1938. 19. Haimaprakāśa-Mahāvyākaraṇam of Vinayavijaya, with
copious Notes and Indices, Part I, ed. by Upadhyaya. Kshamavijaya Gani, published by Shaha Hiralal Somachand, 57-9, Old Modi Street, Size 6" by 772, pp. 472 and more, Bombay, 1937.
O.L.D., I, 11, 13, Poona, 1938. 20. The Quest of the Overself, by Paul Brunton, published by
Rider and Co., London, Demy 8vo, pp. vii.-304.
O.L.D., II, 1, 9--10, Poona, 1938. 21. Sri-Jaina Jyotir-Grantha-Samgralia, ed. by Upadhyaya
Kshamavijaya Gani, Demy 8vo, pr. 150, Bombay, 1938.
O.L.D., II, 3, 52-3, Poona, 1938. 22. Hindustāni Simplified by Major Hedley C. Parks, Demy
8vo, pp. 64, Luzac & Co., London, 1937
O.L.D., II, 5, 97–8, Poona, 1938. 23. The Great Cremation Ground, A critical dissertation on
Indian Philosophy, by Elizabeth Scharpe, Luzac & Co., Demy Svo, pr. 48, London, 1938.
O.L.D., II, 6, 106-7, Poona, 1938. 24. Ári-Munisuvrata-kāvyam of Arhaddāsa, ed., with Sanskrit
comm. and translated into Hindi by Pts. K. Bhujabali Shastri and Haranatha Dvivedi, Sri- Jaina Siddhānta Bhavana, Royal 8v0, pp. 12–221, Arrah, 1929.

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55
- 33 ]
BIBLIOGRAPHY (.L.D., II, 9, 163-5, Poona, 1939. 25. Kaumudicandrah, an Upanyāsa in Sanskrit, by Pt. Medha
vrata, Crown, pp. 18-334, Yeola, 1920.
O.L.D., II, 9, 172, Poona, 1939. 26. Prakrti-saundaryam, by Pt. Medhavrata, published by the
Scey., Arya Samaja, Yeola, pp. Crown 8_128, Yeola, 1934.
O.L.D., II, 9, 173, Poona, 1939. 27. Divyasamgitāmsta (in Hindi) by Pt. Medhavrata, published
by A. A. Pandit, Denny 8vo, pp. 8–112, Baroda, 1931.
O.L.D., II, 9, 173, Poona, 1939. 28. Dayā!anda-digvijayam, a Mahākāvya in Sanskrit, by Pt.
Medhavrata, with Hindi translation, published by Satyavati Snatika, Royal 810, pp. 84-330, Baroda, 1938.
OLD.. II, 9, 173–4, Poona, 1939. 29. Sri-Prasasti-Samgraha, ed. by A. M. Shaha on behalf of
Sri Desavirati Dharmaradhaka Samaja, Double Crown, pp. 28–120_18-326-56, Ahmedabad, 1936.
OL.D., II, 10, 190-2, Poona, 1939. 30. Sri-Himāmsu vijayajină Lckho, ed. by Muni Vidyavijayaji,
published by the Secy., Vijayadharmasūri Jaina Grantha mālī, Crown, pp. 20–568, Ujjain, 1937.
O.L.D., II, 10, 196–7, Poona, 1939. 31. The Philosophy of Advaita by T. M. P. Mahadevan, Demy
810). pp. 16-284, Luzac & Company, London, 1938.
O.L.D., II, 12, 224–5, Poona, 1939. 32. Tattvasanigraha of Santaraksita with the comm, of Kamala
śīla, translated into English by Ganganath Jha, in two Vols., Vol. I, G.O.S., No. 80, Royal 8vo, pp. 8–740, Baroda, 1937.
OL.D., II, 12, 226-7, Poona, 1939. 33. Suvarnadvipa, Part II, by Dr. R. C. Mujumdar, pp. 16
354-10-75, General Printers and Publishers, Dharmatala Street, Calcutta, 1938.
O.L.D., II, 12, 230-31, Poona, 1939.

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A. N. UPADHYE
56
[ III 34 -
34. Śrīmad Rajachandra, translated from Gujarati into Hindi by Pt. J. C. Shastri, Paramaśruta-Prabhāvaka-Mandala, Double Crown, pp. 24-10-46-874, Bombay, 1938.
O.L.D., II, 12, 232-4, Poona, 1939.
35. Medieval Jainism with special reference to the Vijayanagara Empire by B. A. Saletore, Crown, xii-426, Karnatak Publishing House, Bombay, 1938.
N.I.A., II, 2, pp. 128-34, Bombay, 1939.
36. Ajjhatta-tattāloo, the Spiritual Light, by Muni Nyayavijayaji, with trans. in English and intro. in Prakrit, Demy 8vo, pp. 8-32-16-294-24, Jamnagar, 1938.
N.I.A., II, 2, p. 134, Bombay, 1939.
37. Samadhi-sataka of Pujyapada, with the Sanskrit comm. of Prabhācandra ed. with Marathi trans. by R. N. Shaha, Crown, pp. 9-15-10-22-126, 2nd ed., Malegaon, 1938. Jñanabhaṇḍāra, Pothi Size, pp. 4-196, Bombay, 1939.
38. Rayapasenaiyasuttam, Critical Text with various readings, Malayagiri's comm. notes, etc., ed. by Pt. B. J. Doshi. Published by Gurjara Grantha Ratna Karyalaya, Pothi, pp. 44-378-148, Ahmedabad, 1937.
O.L.D., III, 8, 133-34, Poona, 1940.
39. Śrī-Sāmācāri-Satakam of Samayasundara ed. by Muni Mangalasagara. Published by the Secy., Sri Jinadattasūri Jñanabhaṇḍāra, Pothi Size, 16-2-294, Bombay, 1939.
O.L.D., III, 8, 139, Poona, 1940.
40. Vīravibhuti (satakam) by Muni Nyayavijayaji, trans. into English by Dr. Bhattacharya, 2nd ed., Crown, pp. 24-104, Mangrol, 1939.
O.L.D., III, 8, 140, Poona, 1940.
41. Šrī Kalpasūtram, with the Sk. comm. Kalpalata, ed. by Muni Mangalasagara, and published by the Secy., Jinadattasūri Jñanabhaṇḍāra, Pothi Size, pp. 4-196, Bombay, 1939.
O.L.D., III, 8, 140-1, Poona, 1940.
42. Bhajanasamgraha-Dharmāmṛta by Pt. Becharadas, Golec

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--50] BIBLIOGRAPHY
57 cha. Prakāśana-mandira, Khichan, Crown, pp. 48_224, Almedabad, 1939.
O.L.D., III, 8, 141, Poona, 1940. 43. Aitihăsika Jaina Kāvya Samgraha, ed. by Agarachand
Nal:ta and Bhamvaralal Nahta, published by S. S. Nahta, Armenian Street, Calcutta, Crown, pp. 28-16-110–504, Calcutta, Samvat, 1934,
O.L.D., II, 8, 142, Poona, 1940. 44. Dada Sri Jinakusalasūri by Agarachand Nahta and Bham
varalal Nahta, published by S. S. Nahta, 5-6 Armenian Street, Calcutta, Crown, pp. 16–116, Calcutta, Samvat, 19.53.
O.L.D., III, 8, 144, Poona, 1940. 45. Inscriptions in Northern Karnataka and Kolhapur State by
Prof. K. G. Kundanagar, printed by Arya Bhanu Press, Kolhapur, Demy, pp. 186-124-44, Kolhapur, 1939.
J.A., VII, 1, p. 49, Arrah, 1941. 46. Bharatiya Vidyā: A Hindi-Gujarati Quarterly, 1, 1-4, ed.
Muni Jinavijayaji, published by Bharatiya Vidya Bhavana, Bombay, Royal 8vo, pp. 11–434, Bombay, 1940-41.
J.A., VII, 2, pp. 98-101, Arrah, 1941. 47. The Jaina Vidyā, Journal of the Jaina Vidyā Bhavana,
Lahore, ed. Dr. Banarasidas Jain, Vol. I, 1, 1941.
J.A., VII, 2, pp. 101–2, Arrah, 1941. 48. Neelkesi, the original Tamil Text and the comm. of Samaya
divákaramahāmuni, cd, and pub. by Prof. A. Chakravarti, Demy, 8vo, pp. 12–340-4-484, Madras, 1936.
J.A., VII, 1, pp. 49-52, Arrah, 1941. 49. Sourres of Karnatak History, I, ed. by S. Srikantha Shastri,
pub. the University of Mysore, Demy, 48-238, Mysore, 1940.
N.I.A., III, 12, pp. 441-3, Bombay, 1941. 50. Introduction to Indian Textual Criticism by S. M. Katre,
with App. II by P. K. Gode, published by the Karnatak Publishing House, pp. Demy 14–148, Bombay, 1941.
J.B.B.R.A.S., XVIII, pp. 11-17, Bombay, 1942.

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58
A. N. UPADHYE
[III 51 - 1. Neininātha-purānam of Karnapārya, ed. H. Shesh Ayyan
gar, Madras University Kannada Series 8, Royal pp. 4-52600, Madras, 1940.
J.B.B.R.A.S., XVIII, pp. 107–8, Bombay, 1942.
52. Jainism and Karnatak Culture by Prof. S. R. Sharma,
Karnatak Historical Research Society, Dharwar, Demy. pp. 20-214, Dharwar, 1940.
J.B.B.R.A.S., XVIII, pp. 108-10, Bombay, 1942. 53. Khagendramaņidarpaņa of Mamgarāja, ed. Rao and Ayyan
gar, Madras, 1941.
J.B.B.R.A.S., XIX, pp. 79, Bombay, 1943. 54. A History of Sanskrit Literature, Vol. I, General Editor:
S. N. Dasgupta. Contributors to this volume. S. N. Dasgupta (Preface, Intro. History of Alamkāra Lit. and editorial notes) and S. K. De (History of Kāvya Literature). Published by the University of Calcutta, Royal 8vo. pp. 130–834, Calcutta, 1947.
I.H.Q., XXV, 4, pp. 300–4, Calcutta, 1949. 55. The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society, Culture and
Heritage Number, Demy 8vo. pp. 32–334, Bangalore, 1956.
Annals of the B.O.R.I., Vol. XXXVI, pp. 379–80, Poona, 1956.
56. Studies in Indian Literary History, Vols. I & II, containing
132 papers by Professor P. K. Gode, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavana, Bombay, Royal 8vo., Vol. I pp. 576, Vol. II.
pp. 566, Bombay, 1953–54. Submitted for discussion to the Indian Institute of Culture, Bangalore.

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IV. PREFACES
Prefaces to 1. Sri-Mahāvīra-caritra by Ajñāta, Poona, 1931, Preface in
Marāthī, pp. 1–21. 2. Jaina Sāhitya aura Itihāsa, by Pt. Nathuram Premi, 1st
ed. Bombay, 1942, 2nd ed. Bombay, 1956, Preface in
English. 3. Jaina Dharma (in Kannada) by Annarao Mirji, Shedbal,
1952, Preface in Kannada. 4. Purātana Jaina Vākyasūcī by Pt. Jugalkishore, Sarsawa,
1950, Preface in English. 5. Smicīna Dharma-śāstra by Pt. Jugalkishore, Delhi, 1955,
Preface in English.

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V. GENERAL EDITORIAL
(i)Jivarāja Jaina Granthamäla, Sholapur: 1. Tiloyapaņņatti of Yativrşabha, Part I, ed. by A. N. Upa
dhye and H. L. Jain, Double Crown, pp. 38-532, Shola
pur, 1943. 2. Yasastilaka and Indian Culture by K. K. Handiqui,
Double Crown, pp. 8–540., Sholapur, 1949. 3. Tiloyapannatti of Yativrsabha, Part II, ed. by A. N.
Upadhye and H. L. Jain, Double Crown, pp. 116-540,
Sholapur, 1951. 4. Prākrit Grammar of Trivikrama, ed. by P. L. Vaidya,
Demy 8vo, pp. 44–480, Sholapur, 1954. 5. Pāndavapuranam of Subhacandra, ed. by Jinadas Shastri,
Double Crown, pp. 50–520, Sholapur, 1955. 6. Jainism in South India and Hyderabad Epigraphis by P. B.
Desai, Double Crown, pp. 500 or so (In the Press). 7. Jambūdivapannatti of Padmanandi, ed. by A. N. Upadhye
and H. L. Jain, Double Crown, pp. 200 or so (In the Press).
(In collaboration with Prof. H. L. Jain)
General Editor: (ii) Jñānapitha Mūrtidevi Jaina Granthamālā, Banaras: 1. Karalakkhaņa, ed. P. K. Modi, Super Royal, pp. 16–24,
Banaras, 1947. 2. Mahābandha, Part 1, ed. S. C. Diwakar, Super Royal,
pp. 20–80–350, Banaras, 1947. 3. Vasunandi Srāvakācāra ed. by Hiralal Jain, Super Royal,
pp. 230, Banaras, 1952. 4. Mahābandha Vol. II, ed. Phoolchanda Shastri, Super
Royal 4_40-440, Banaras, 1953. 5. Tattvārthavārtika, ed. Mahendrakumar, Super Royal,
pp. 16–430, Banaras, 1953.

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61
A.N. UPADHYE 6. Mahabandha Vol. III, ed. Phoolchanda Shastri, Super
Royal, pp. 10–496, Banaras, 1954. 7. Mahāpurāna (Uttarapurāņa), ed. by Pannalal, Super
Royal, pp. 24-640, Banaras, 1954. 8. Jinasahasra-nāma of Āśādhara, ed. Hiralal Jain, Super
Royal, pp. 286, Banaras, 1954. 9. Nyäyaviniscaya-vivaraṇam, Part II, ed. by Mahendra
kumar Jain, Super Royal, pp. 66-458, Banaras, 1954. 10. Sarvārthasiddhi, ed. Phoolchanda Shastri, Double Crown,
Pp. 116-506, Banaras, 1955. 11. Mahābandha, Vol. IV, ed. by Phoolchanda Shastri, Super
Roval, pp. 22-428, Banaras, 1956. 12. Mahābandha, Vol. V, ed. by Phoolchanda Shastri, Super Royal, pp. about 500, Banaras, 1956.
(In collaboration with Dr. Hiralal Jain)
(iii) Editor-in-Cooperation: Jaina Siddhānta Bhāskara and Jaina Antiquary, A Quarterly
Magazine in Hindi and English, published by the Jaina Siddhānta Bhavana, Arrah, Vols. 1--20, 1953, onwards.
(iv) Editor-in-collaboration: Oriental Literary Digest, A Monthly Journal devoted to the
Review of Oriental works, etc., Oriental Literary Digest Association, Poona 4, Vols. 1-3, Poona, 1937-40.
(v) Editor-in-Cooperation: The Satkhandāgama with the Dhavalā, ed. by Prof. Hiralal
Jain, Vols. 1-13, each volume containing about Double Crown, pp. 500, Amraoti-Nagpur, 1939-56.

Page #77

Page #78

INDEX
Words are arranged according to English alphabets, and references are
to sections and serial numbers.
Bhattanātha I *13 Bhävapāhuda I *2 Bhộngasamdeśa II 67 Bodhapāhuda I *2 Brabmadeva I *3, II 3 Brajabuli III 16 Braj Bhākha III 2 Bșhanmitra II 16 BỊhatkatha II 37 Brhat Kathākośa I *9 Buddha II 6 Buddhism I *2 Buddhist Studies II 50, 55 Buzurjmehr II 16
Abhayadeva II 83 Acanna Il 11 Adhyatmakamalanıārtanda III 6 Adipurāna II 42 Advaita III 31 Aggāyaniya II 69 Ājivika II 21 Ahinsa II 72 Ajjhattatattāloo III 36 Akalanka II 7, 9, 32 Amitagati II 48 Amoghavarşa II 77 Amộtacandra I *2, III I Amstāśīti I *3 Anagărabhatti I *2 Anandasundari I *11, *13, II 80, 84 Anantavirya II 7 Apabhramba I *3, II 86 Ārādhanā Kathākosa I *9 Ardhamāgadhi II 17, 35 Arhaddāsa III 24 Ašādhara II 12, V ii 8 A saga II 11 Ašvaghosa I 14 Atharvaveda II 6 Atmānanda III 5 Atmānusāsana III 9 Ayariyabhatti I *2
Câmundarāya II 38 39 Canda II 3, 37 Candralekhā I *11 Carittabhatti I *2 Cărittapāhuda I *2 Cinmayacuntamani, II 96 Cūlikā Paiśāci II 37
Bāhubali II 34, 39, III 4 Bahurata II 95 Bālävabodha I *2 Bālacandra I *2, *3 Balacandra Adhyātmi I *3 Bālacandra Maladhāri I *3 Barbhajjuna II 86 Barasa Aņuvekkhā I *2 Bhadrabāhu I *2 Bhagavadgitā II 23 Bhagavati Ārādhanā I *9
Damsaņapāhuda I *2 Darśanasāra II 19 Daulatarāma I *3 Davānanda III 28 Desi Il 4 Desināmamālā II 4 Devasena I *3, II 3, 19, 70 Dharaṇipandita I *4, II 14 Dharmaparīkşā I *10, II 48 Dharmavardhana II 37 Dhavală V v Dhūrtākhyāna I *10, 11 48, 59,
83, 85 Digambara II 13, 25 Ditthivāda II 69 Dohāpāhuda I *3, II 2, 3 Durgaprasādayati II 44

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64
BIBLIOGRAPHY Elācārya I *2
Jogendra II 3
Joindu ! *3, II 3 Gondarādityadeva II 28
Jyotirgrantha III 21 Ghanaśyāma I *II, *13, II 80, 84 Gommaţa II 39, 39
Kalpalatā III 41 Gommațasāra II 36, 39
Kalpasūtra III 41 Gotra II 22
Kamalanayana I *4 Grddhrapiccha I *2
Kamalaśila III 32 Guņabhadra III 9
Karisa vaho I *5, II 41 Guņādhya II 37
Kanha 1 *3
Karalakkhana V ii i Haimaprakāśa III 19
Karma Doctrine II 23 Hāla I *12
Karņapārya III 51 Haribhadra I *I, *10, II 59, 65, Karnātaka History III 49 85, III 17
Karpūra mañjari I *IL Harişeņa I *9, II 48, 62, 66 Kathākosa I *9, II 62, 66 Hastimalla II 42
Kattigeyāņuppekkhā I *14 Hemacandra I *3, II 3, 8, 37, 49 Kaula Dharma II 70 Hindi Poets III 18
Kaumudicandraḥ III 25 Hindustani III 22
Kavi Parameşthi II 61
Kavi Parameśvara II 61 Istopadeśa II 24
Keśavavarņi II 36 Khagendramanidarpaņa II 53
Krsnaliiāśuka II 44 Jadivasaha I *7, *9, II 24
K-suffix II 65 Jaina Antiquary V iii
Kumārapālacarita II 44 Jaina Dharma IV 3
Kumärila I *2 Jainas II 74, 81, 91, 93
Kumudendu III *8 Jaina Sāhitya IV 2
Kundakunda I *2, III I, 12 Jaina Sauraseni I *2, II 18
Kural I *2 Jaina Siddhānta Bhāskara V iii
Kutūhala I *12 Jaina Studies II 50, 54 55
Kuvalaya mälā I *15 Jainism II 73, 74 Jambuddivapannatti II 30 Jambūdvipaprajñapti II 30, V i 7
Lakşmicandra I *3, II 3 Jambūsvāmicaritam III 6
Lakşmidhara II 37 Jaratkārava II 23
Lālacanda I *4
Lesya II 21 Jatācārya II 14 Jațāsimhanandi I * 4, II 14, 52
Lilāvai I *12 Jațila I *4, II 14
Lilāvati I *12 Jayasena I *2, *3, II 3
Limgapāhuda I *2 Jayasimha II 37
Logāiņi II 69 Jina bhadra II 60
Loyavibhāya II 69 Jinakusala III 44
Loyaviņicchaya II 69 Jinaprabha II 37 Jinasahasranāma. V ii 8
Mahābandha V ii 2, 4, 6, II, 12 Jinasena II 14, 22, 77
Mahābhārata II 23 Jivatattvapradipikā II 36
Mahădeviyakka III II Jñanabhāskara-carite II 97
Mahadū II 86

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65
A. N. UPADHYE Mahāpurana 1 14, V ii 7
Pad macarita II 14 Mahārthamañjari II 93
Padmanandi II 30 Mahāsena II 9
Padmaprabha II 9, 46 Mahāvira II 6, 13, 90
Padmasāgara II 48 Mahāviracarita IV I
Paisāci II 37 Maheśvarananda II 93
Pamcaparametthibhatti I *2 Mahindu II 86
Pamcasuttarn I *I Malayagiri III 38
Pampa Rāmāyaṇa III *7 Malli Bhūpāla II 36
Pancāstikāya I *2 Mallisena [ *2
Pancastūpanvaya II 71 Mangarāja III 53
Pandavapuranam Vi 5 Mangala verse IT 32
Pande Hemarāja I *2 Māņikyanandi II 7
Pāṇini II 45 Marathi II 84
Paramātmaprakāśa I *3, II 3, 82 Margaprakisa Il 10
Parikamina II 69 Mārkancleya I *11, II 37
Pariksāmukha II 7 Mokklapāhuda I *2
Parsvābhyudaya II 77 Mịcchakatika II 76
Paümacariü II 5 Mülācāra I *2, II 40
l'onna II II Mülāyāra II 69
Prabhācandra I *I, *9, II 7, III 37 Munisuvratakāvya III 24
Präkrit I *2, II 93 Mysore II 20
Irākrit grammar V ii 4 Mysticiso I *3, II 26
Prakrit literature II 64 Präkrit studies II 33, 50, 79
Prākrit words II 27 Nāgakumāracarita III 4
Prāksta II 75 Nagarjuna I *12
Prākstaprakāśa II 44 Namisādhu II 37
Prakřti Saundaryam III 26 Nāțyaśāstra II 18
Pramāṇasamuccaya II 32 Naukāraśrāvakācāra I *3
Prameyakamalamārtanda II 7 Nayacandra I *11, II 63
Prasasti 111 29 Nayanandi I *9
Praśnavyākaraṇānga 11 83 Nayasena II 11
Pravacansāra 1 *2, II 18, 29, III I Nayavāca I *2
Pūjyapāda II 12, III 37 Neelakesi III 48
Purātana Jaina Vākyasūci IV 4 Nemicandra II 36
Purusottama II 37 Nemidatta I *
Puşpadanta II 70, 86 Nemināthapurāņa III 51 Nijātmāştaka I *3 Nirvana II 6
Rājachandra III 34 Nisidhi II 15
Rājasekhara I *II, II 70 Niśithacírni II 85
Rāma Pāņivãda I *5. *6, II 41 Nivvānabhatti I *2
Rāmaśarman II 37 Niyamasāra I *2, II 9, 46, III 13
Rāmasena II 46 Nyāyaviniscaya V ii 9
Rāmasimha I *3, II 3 Nyāyaviniscayālamkāra II 7
Rāmāyaṇa 111 8 Rambhåmañjari I *I1, II 63
Ravişeņa II 14 Oriental L. Digest V iv
Rayaņasāra I *2

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66
Rayapasenïayasuttam III 38 Right Faith II 94 Rudradāsa I *II
Sadhārana II 86
Sahasranama II 22 Saivism II 93 Sākaṭāyana II 13 Šāmācāriśataka II 39 Samādhisataka III 37 Samantabhadra II 1, 45, 49 Samarādityakatha II 65 Samaramiyankäkahā II 65 Samayasara I *12, III 12 Smayasundara III 39
Samicina Dharmasastra IV 5 Säṁkhya I *2 Samtiṇāhacariü II 86
Sanskrit Literature III 54 Sanskrit Studies II 78 Śantarakṣita III 32 Santipurāņa II 11 Saptabhangitarangiņi II 9 Sapta Godavari Bhima I *12 Saraha I *3
Sarojabhaskara I *2
Sarvarthasiddhi V ii 10
Sātavāhana I *12 Şatkhandagama V v Satkhaṇḍāgama-tikā I *2 Saṭṭaka I *11, II 63, 80 Savayadhammadohā I *3 Senagana II 68, 71 Siddhabhatti I *2
Siddhasena I *2
Silapahuḍa I *2
Simharaja II 37
Siricimdhakavvaṁ II 44
A. N. UPADHYE
Sivakumara I *2
Sivarya I *9
Sogdian II 37
Somasundara II 37
Soricaritta II 56 Srāvakācāra-dohaka II 3
Śricandra I *9, II 62 Śṛngāramañjarī I *II Śrutabindu II 46
Subandhu II 60
Subhacandra I *14, II 8, V i5 Sudabhatti I *2
Sukranitisāra II 47
Suttapahuḍa I *2 Suvarnadvipa III 33 Svāmi Kumāra I *14 Svarūpasambodhana II 9 Svetämbara II 13, 25 Syadvāda I *2, II 35, 95
Tatparyavṛtti I *2 Tattvadipikā I *2, III 1 Tattvānusāsana II 46 Tattvärthavārtika V ii 5 Tattvasamgraha III 32 Tavanidhi Inscription II 58 Temple Architecture III 14 Textual Criticism III 50
Tiloyapanṇatti I *7, 8, II 24, 69, 88, Vi I, 3
Titthayarabhatti I *2 Trivikrama II 8, 10, 37, 45, 56, V i 4
Uddyotana I *15, II 65 Usaniruddham I *6, II 43
Vadḍārādhane I *9, II 51 Vakragriva I* 2 Valmiki II 45
Valmikisūtra II 45, 86
Vankālācārya II 89
Varahamihira II 16
Varangacarita I *4, II 14, 31, 52
Vararuci II 37, 44
Vardhamana I *4, II 14
Vardhamanacarita II II
Vasavadatta II 60
Vasunandi II 40
Vasunandi-śrävakācāra V ii 3
Vidūṣaka II 5
Vijayakirti II 36
Vijayanagar III 35
Vikrama Samvat II 57
Vilasavai I *II
Vimala II 9
Vimalasüri II 5
Viravibhuti III 4
Viśveśvara I *II
Vṛttavilasa II 48

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Yajñavalkya II 23
Yogasūtra II 23 Yapaniyasamgha II 13, 33
Yogendra II 3 Yašapāla II 37
Yogindra I *3 Yasastilaka vi 2
Yogindradeva II 2 Yogasāra I *3, II 3
Yogindu I *3, II 2

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