Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - bhAratIya svAtantryAndolana kI ahiMsAtmakatA meM mahAvIra ke jIvana darzana kI bhUmikA -prahlAda nArAyaNa bAjapeyI (sAhitya saMsthAna, rAjasthAna vidyApITha, udayapura) SD bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma briTiza sAmrAjya kI niraMkuza evaM nRzaMsa sattA ke viruddha deza ke 3 koTi-koTi jana kI antarAtmA kA saMgharSa thA / asat ke viruddha jaise sat kA saMgharSa thA / yaha bhautikatA ke caramotkarSa kA sAmanA karane ke lie AdhyAtmika zakti kA zaMkhanAda thaa| anyAya aura atyAcAra ke viruddha gUMjane vAlA janatA janArdana kA zAzvata ninAda thaa| saca to yaha hai ki andhakAra ke viruddha yaha kA saMgharSa thA, Aloka kA jAgaraNa thaa| hiMsA aura AtaMka ke viruddha ahiMsA kA saMgharSa thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma ne mAnavatA ke paramparAgata itihAsa meM Atmazuddhi ke / mAdhyama se ahiMsA ke zastra dvArA kisI yuddha ko jIta kara eka naye adhyAya kI racanA ko hai jisase vizvazAnti kI racanA kA svapna sAkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana meM zastra kI bhAMti prayoga kI gaI ahiMsA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke jIvana darzana se prabhAvita hai jo mAnava maMgala ke kisI bhI abhiyAna ke lie varadAna siddha ho sakatA hai / g) tIrthakara mahAvIra ne AtmA kI vikAsa yAtrA meM Atma-damana ke carama binda para ahiMsA ke ji | vikAsa yAtrA meM Atma-damana ke carama bindu para ahiMsA ke jisa Aloka kA nirmANa kiyaa| usI ko Adarza mAnakara svatantratA saMgrAma meM ahiMsAtmaka Andolana ko tejasvitA ne sAmAjika maryAdAoM meM sArvajanika caitanya ke mAdhyama se bahujanahitAya evaM bahujanasukhAya kI jijIviSA kA nirmANa kara lakSya siddha kara dikhaayaa| ahiMsA vyakti ke lie parama dharma hai kintu samaSTi ke lie ahiMsA kA samAjIkaraNa svatantratA Andolana meM hiMsA kI sambhAvanA mAtra se AndolanoM ko sthagita kiye jAne kI paramparA ke nirvAha dvArA sampanna kiyA gayA hai| maryAdAhIna evaM ucchRkhala jovana meM samarasatA evaM zAnti lAne ke lie ahiMsA hI vaha AdhAra) zilA hai jisa para paramAnanda kA prAsAda khar3A kiyA jA sakatA hai| ahiMsA ke paripArzva meM tIrthaMkara 3) mahAvIra ne batAyA ki prANI mAtra jInA cAhatA hai, koI maranA nahIM caahtaa| sukha sabhI ke lie anukUla haiM evaM duHkha sabhI ke lie pratikUla hai / / ___ svatantratA Andolana meM isI ke AdhAra para yaha svara prakhara hokara nArA banA thA-hama mAreMge nahIM kintu hama mAneMge bhI nhiiN| sAtha hI yaha dhAraNA bhI vikasita huI thI-pApa se ghRNA karo, pApI se nahIM / saMgharSa ke lie yaha dRSTikoNa apanAyA gayA-hameM briTiza sAmrAjya kI sattA ke viruddha saMgharSa 1 AcA0 1/2/3 / SaSThama khaNDa : vividha rASTrIya sandarbho meM jaina-paramparA ko parilabdhiyA~ HOROID sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha SPONDrivated personalise only
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karanA hai / briTiza janatA ke, briTiza logoM ke viruddha saMgharSa kA yA ghRNA kA bhAva mana meM panapane denA nahIM caahie| tIrthaMka mahAvIra ne yaha siddhAnta pratipAdita kiyA thA-AtmA eka hai (ege AyA) arthAt / sabakI AtmA eka rUpa hai, eka samAna hai / khAmemi savve jIvA, savve jIvA khamantu me / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko tapa aura saMyama kI zreNI meM rakhA hai| ahiMsA ko maMgalakArI mAnate hue tIrthaMkara mahAvIra bhI ne batAyA ki ahaMsA ko devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiN| svatantratA Andolana meM jahA~ yaha marma vAkya mantra ke samAna ghoSita huA, gUMjA-svatantratA hamArA janma siddha adhikAra hai| vahIM samatA ke siddhAnta ko sabase adhika pratiSThA dI gyii| samatA mUlaka ahiMsAvAdI samAja kI sthApanA ke lie rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne vardhA meM eka aise Azrama 54 ko rUpAyita kiyA thA jahA~ krama krama se pratyeka AzramavAsI svecchA se hara kAma apane hAtha se karane kA abhyAsI thaa| jhADa denA, sata kAtanA. kae~ se pAnI bharakara lAnA. carkhA calAnA. rasoI meM evaM mailA uThAnA Adi sabhI kAma svayaM karane kA abhyAsa hara AzramavAsI karatA thaa| arthAt tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke samatAvAdI siddhAnta ko mUrta rUpa dene ke lie Atmavat sarvabhUteSu ke caitanya ko caritArtha karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA thA tAki mAnava jIvana meM samatA kA siddhAnta AtmasAt kara AcaraNa meM utArA jA ske| ahiMsA para agAdha vizvAsa jahA~ samatA kA vAtAvaraNa banAtA hai vahIM ahiMsA para anAsthA, jAtigata ahaM ko sRSTi karatI hai aura hIna bhAvanA kA vistAra karane meM pramukha kAraNa banatI hai| 5 anAsthA ke kAraNa hI jAti ke sambandha meM hamArA dRSTikoNa udAtta nahIM bana paataa| isIliye UMcanIca, chuAchUta Adi ke bandhana prabhAvazAlI ho jAte haiN| kammuNA bambhaNo hoi, kammuNA hoi khattio / vaisso kammuNA hoi, sudo havai kammuNA / / mahAtmA gA~dhI ahiMsAtmaka Andolanda ke sUtradhAra the| unhoMne tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke samatAvAdI siddhAnta kA marma samajhA thA / isa siddhAnta ko hRdayaMgama karake hI unhoMne vardhA meM aise Azrama kI sthApanA kI thI jahA~ karma ke mAdhyama se antataH sabhI jana sabhI AzramavAsI ekAkAra ho jAte the| svatantratA Andolana meM mahAtmA gA~dhI ne aspRzyatA nivAraNa ko sabase adhika mahatva dete hue jIvana-maraNa kA prazna banA diyA thaa| vaha to yahA~ taka kahate the ki aspRzyatA nivAraNa aura svatantratA donoM meM se eka kisI eka kA cayana karane ke liye mujhase kahA jAya to maiM aspRzyatA nivAraNa ko prAthamikatA degaa| unakI spaSTa ghoSaNA thI aspRzyatA yadi kAyama rahe to isake kAyama rahate mujhe svatantratA bhI svIkAra nahIM hai / yahI kAraNa thA mahAtmA gA~dhI ke netRtva meM jo Andolana calA usameM ekatA kA bhAva thaa| AndolanakAriyoM meM na koI U~ca thA na nIca / na koI achUta thA na koI chUta / sAre bheda-bhAva bhulAkara svatantratA prApti ke liye saMgharSa karane vAle ekajuTa hokara prANa paNa se saMgharSa karate rahe the| ahiMsA nitya, zAzvata va dhra va satya hai / jo hiMsA karatA hai,karavAtA hai athavA kartA kA anu 1 dshv01/1| 2. uttarA. 25/33 438 SaSThama khaNDa : vividha rASTrIya sandarbho meM jaina paramparA kI parilandhiyA~ : 5 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha dehradha Tror private Personalise Only
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ modana karatA hai| vaha apane sAtha arthAt apanI AtmA ke sAtha vaira bhAva kI vRddhi karatA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki pratyeka zarIra meM eka AtmA hai aura AtmA hara zarIra kI samAna hai / ataH hiMsA karane | kA artha AtmA ke sAtha vaira bhAva kI vRddhi karanA to hai hii| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne jJAna aura vijJAna kA sAra batAte hue kahA ki kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kI jAya / evaM khu NANiNo sAraM, jaM na hisai kiMcaNaM / ____ ahiMsA samayaM caiva, enAvaMta viyANiyA // 1 mahAtmA gA~dhI ne ahiMsAmUlaka dharma ko svIkAra karate hae aise samAja kI saMracanA karane kA saMkalpa liyA thA jahA~ hiMsA na ho| unhoMne usa madana lAla dhIMgarA ko bhI kSamA dAna diyA thA jisane unheM mAra DAlane ke liye una para bama pheMkA thA kyoMki vaha nahIM cAhate the kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA kI jAya / yadi goliyAM lagane ke bAda bolane kI kSamatA unameM zeSa rahatI to vaha nizcaya hI hatyAre nAthU rAma goDase ko bhI kSamA dAna de hI jAte kyoMki vaha to eka ahiMsaka samAja kI racanA karane kI sAdhanA meM rata the| ___ vyakti ke liye ahiMsA parama dharma to hai hI parama tapa bhI hai kintu jaba eka sampUrNa samAja ko | ahiMsA ke AcaraNa meM dIkSita karanA ho to AtmasaMyama kA tapa nizcaya hI bahuta kaThina ho jAtA hai / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra isa satya se paricita the kyoMki vaha sarvajJa the| unhoMne kahA bhI hai-durdama AtmA kA damana karane vAlA vyakti hI isa loka aura paraloka meM sukhI hotA hai / Atmadamana AtmapIr3ana kA paryAya hai / AtmA ke anukUla vedanIyatA sukha hai aura pratikUla vedanIyatA duHkha hai / appA ceva dameyavvo appA hu khalu duddamo / appA danto suhI hoi assiM loe parattha ya / tIrthaMkara puruSa cUMki sarvabhUtahita ke AkAMkSI hote haiM, isalie ve pratikUla vedanIyatA para vijaya pAne ke nimitta Atmadamana yA AtmapIr3ana karate haiN| sampUrNa zramaNa saMskRti para duHkha ke vinAza mUlaka udAratA kI udAtta bhAvanA se otaprota hai / svatantratA saMgrAma kI avadhi meM mahAtmA gA~dhI ne isa Atmadamana kA paricaya kaI bAra diyA hai| unhoMne jaba bhI svatantratA Andolana ko ahiMsA ke mArga se vicalita hote dekhA, Andolana sthagita | kara diyA aura upavAsa ke mAdhyama se Atma-zuddhi ke tapa kA nirvAha kiyaa| yaha upavAsa yadA-kadA ra AmaraNa anazana kI parAkASThA taka jA pahu~cA hai / isameM sandeha nahIM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne apane jIvana kAla meM Atma pIr3ana kI carama pariNati ke mAdhyama se ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko una bulandiyoM taka pahu~cA diyA thA jisakA anukaraNa kara mAnava mahAnatA ke Aloka kA nirmANa kara sakatA hai| kintu yaha bhI satya hai ki mahAtmA gA~dhI ne Atma-zuddhi ke yajJa ko apanI balidAna bhAvanA se apratima pratiSThA pradAna kii| svatantratA Andolana apanI isI / tejasvitA ke varadAnasvarUpa apane lakSya taka pahu~ca paayaa| apanI dhAraNA ko hI pUrNa satya mAnanA eka haThadharmI hai jise udAtta vyakti svIkAra nahIM kara 433 1. sUtrakRtAMga zru 1, a. 1, gA. 6 2. uttarA. 1/15 SaSThama khaNDa : vividha rASTrIya sandarbho meM jaina paramparA kI parilabdhiyA~ sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha G 450 For Private & Personal use Only
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sktaa| mahAtmA sukarAta ne isIlie kahA thA jo hama satya samajhate haiM, vaha vAstava meM satya kA eka aMza hai / hameM dUsaroM kI bhI dhAraNA sunanI aura mAnanI cAhiye kyoMki sabakI dhAraNAoM ke milA dene se hI eka pUrNa satya kA udaya hotA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kahA thA-yadi tuma apane ko sahI mAnate ho to ThIka hai parantu dUsare ko galata mata samajho kyoMki eka aMza kI jAnakArI tumheM hai to dUsare aMza kI jAnakArI anya ko ho sakatI hai| isI AdhAra para unhoMne syAdavAd ke siddhAnta ko sthApita kiyA thaa| (1) kathaJcid hai| (2) kathaJcid nahIM hai| (3) kathaJcid hai aura nahIM hai| (4) kathaJcid avaktavya hai / (5) kathaJcid hai kintu kahA nahIM jA sktaa| (6) kathaJcid nahIM hai tathApi avaktavya hai / (7) kathaJcid hai, nahIM hai para avaktavya hai| suprasiddha vaijJAnika AinsTIna ne apane mahAna siddhAnta sApekSavAda ko isI bhUmikA para pratiSThita kiyA thaa| yaha udAra dRSTikoNa vizva ke darzanoM, dharmoM, sampradAyoM evaM paMthoM kA samanvaya karatA hai / bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana ke kAla meM saMgharSa ke kSaNoM meM bhI vArtA ke dvAra hamezA khule rakhe Tra O gaye kyoMki hara samaya dUsaroM ke vicAroM kA Adara karane kA krama nibhAyA gayA / dUsaroM kI dhAraNAoM ko bhI pratiSThA dI gii| yahI kAraNa hai ki svatantratA Andolana meM sabhI vicAradhArAoM ke logoM ne ekajuTa hokara bhAga liyA aura tyAga va balidAna kI paramparA ko vikasita kara vijayazrI ko varaNa kiyA / __ bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma kI ahiMsAtmakatA ne vizva meM eka Adarza to pratiSThita kiyA hI hai ki ahiMsA ke dvArA eka sAmrAjyavAdI zakti ko parAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ise anukaraNIya Adarza mAnakara vizva meM anyatra bhI isakA upayoga kiyA gyaa| dakSiNa aphrIkA meM to Aja bhI isa taraha kA prayoga cala rahA hai / isa ahiMsAtmakatA ke Adarza kI pRSThabhUmi meM tIrthakara mahAvIra ke jIvana ma darzana kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| atthi satthaM pareNa paraM, natthi asatthaM pareNa prN| -zastra, arthAt hiMsA ke sAdhana eka se bar3hakara eka hai, aneka prakAra ke haiM, jinakI mAraka kSamatA eka dUsare se bar3hakara hai| lekina azastra, ahiMsA sabase bar3hakara hai, isakI zakti aparimita hai, isakI sAdhanA se sabhI kA kalyANa hotA hai, sabhI nirbhaya banate haiN| 440 SaSThama khaNDa : vividha rASTrIya sandarbho meM jaina-paramparA kI parilabdhiyA~ sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha POPNSate&Personal use Only www.jainelibraforg