Bharatiya Darshanoni Kaltattva Sambandhi Manyata

Author(s): Sukhlal Sanghavi
Publisher: Z_Darshan_ane_Chintan_Part_2_004635.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/249262/1

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bhAratIya darzananI kALanava saMbaMdhI mAnyatA [2] AryonI vicArazIlatAno abhyAsa karavA IcchanAre tenA vicAranI saraNa ane vicAranA viSaye tapAsavA joIe. aneka pratyakSa ane parokSa viSayomAM AryonI buddhi deDI che. A lekhamAM te badhA viSayo uparanA teonA vicAranI neMdha levAne uddeza nathI. A laghu lekha dvArA eTaluM ja pradarzana karavA dhArela che ke kALanA saMbaMdhamAM AryonA vicAra prAcIna samayamAM kevA hatA ane temAM vakhata jatAM kevuM ane keTaluM parivartana thayuM. vizvanI vividhatA ane kALatatva jamatanI vividhatAnuM UMDANa buddhinA UMDANa karatAye dhAryuM che. tethI haju sudhI buddhi jagatanI vividhatAne pAra pAmI zakI nathI, paNa te pAra pAmavA te alakSita kALathI mathyA kare che. manuSyajAtinI buddhie aneka vividhatA sAthe e paNa vividhatA joI ke eka ja kSetra ke dezanI aMdara jude jude vakhate Rtubheda ane kAryabheda dekhAya che, bhinna bhinna dezamAM eka ja vakhate Rtubheda ane kAryabheda najare paDe che, eka ja dezamAM eka ja vakhate jAtajAtanAM phaLa ke anAjone pAka ekasarakhe nathI AvatuM. hemaMta ane zizira RtumAM amuka jAtanAM phaLonI pradhAnatA hoya che, te vasaMta ane grISmamAM bIjI jAtanAM phaLonI, jyAre varSa ane zarada RtumAM kaI trIjI jAtanAM phaLane utsava hoya che. eka vakhata juvAra, bAjare vagere dhAne khetarane zaNagAre che, tyAre bIjI vakhate ghauM, caNA vagere spardhAthI te kAma kare che. eka vakhate garamI kapaDAne letAM roke che, jyAre bIjI vakhate keTaleka vakhata rAka sivAya calAvI zakAya, paNa kapaDAM sivAya calAvI sakAtuM nathI. eka vakhata e heya che ke jyAre medhanuM darzana vrata khAtara paNuM durlabha hoya che, tyAre bIjo vakhata evo paNa Ave che ke sUryadarzananA niyamavALAone keTalAka divaso sudhI tenuM darzana na thavAthI upavAsa karavA paDe che. A prAkRtika pheraphAronA mULa kAraNa tarIke atyAranA zodhake bhale tApakramanI jUnAdhikatA ane vAtAvaraNanI bhinnatA svIkAre, paNa prAcIna

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1024] dana ane ciMtana kALamAM ema manAtuM hatuM ke A dekhAtAM prAkRtika sthULa ane sUkSma e adhAM parivatanA mAtra tApakrama ke havApANInI bhinnatA upara ja avalakhelAM nathI. te uparAMta paNa badhAM piravata nAnuM kAMI khAsa kAraNa hovuM joI e; enuM kAraNa mAnyA sivAya prAcIna kALanA lenI muddhi parivata nAne khulAso karI zakatI nahi, ane tethI ja jUnA jamAnAmAM kALatattva upara vicAra thavA lAgyA. A vicAra tattvajJAnamAM dAkhala thayA ane teNe matabhedanI aneka pAlaDI paherI. bhAratavarSa tAttvika vicAra mATe prasiddha che; khAsa karIne parAkSatattvane vicAra karavAmAM te te ekaluM ja che. eTale Aje ApaNe saMkSepamAM joIzuM ke kALanA saMbaMdhamAM bhAratIya tattvajJAna zuM kahe che. kALanA sabaMdhamAM darzanabheda : bhAratIya dRna mukhyapaNe traNa bhAgamAM vaheMcAya che vaidika, jaina ane bauddha. vaidika sAhityanA mULa AdhAra veda ane upaniSado che. vede ane upaniSadomAM tattvavicAraNAnAM chUTAMchavAyAM khIja che, paNa temAM te vicAraNAAe spaSTa, kramabaddha ane sayuktika nAnu rUpa prApta nathI karyuM. tethI ja ApaNe veda ke upaniSadomAMthI kALatattvane lagatI cokkasa mAnyatA meLavavA azakta chIe. e mAnyatA meLavavA danakALa tarapha AvavuM joIze ane dAnika sAhitya tapAsavuM paDaze. vaidika darzananAnA sthUla rIte cha bhAga karavAmAM Ave che vaizeSika, nyAya, sAMkhya, yAga, pUrvamImAMsA ane uttaramImAMsA, kALatattvanI mAnyatAne spaSTa samajavA mATe e cha dAnA e vargo karavA ucita cheH pahelA vargone svataMtra kALatattvavAdI ane khIjAne asvataMtra kALatattvavAdInA nAme eLakhIzuM. (7) prathama va mAM vaizeSika, nyAya ane pUrvamImAMsAne samAveza cAya che.ra - 1. kauzAta, chAMdogya, bRhadAraNyaka, zvetAzvatara, naitri Adi aneka upaniSadomAM aneka sthaLe prasage prasaMge kALa' zabdane ullekha thayA che, te adhA prasaMgo vAMcanAr ane vicAranArane A mAruM kathana spaSTa thaze, kALa zabdanA prayAganAM sthaLe mATe upaniSadvAkacakAza ' jovA. * . 2. prathama vamAM vaizeSika dRna sAthe nyAyadAna ane pUnIsAMsAne rAkhavAnuM kAraNa e che ke te banne dezanA prameyanA sabaMdhamAM mukhyapaNe vairotrika dananI

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bhAratIya darzanonI kALatata saMbaMdhI mAnyatA [ 1025 (2) bIjA vargamAM bAkInAM traNa eTale sAMkhya, yoga ane uttaramImAMsAne mAnyatAnAM anumAna che. nyAyadarzanane pradhAna viSaya pramANacarcAne che. temAM prameyacarcA che kharI, paNa phakta te saMsAra ane mokSanA kAryakAraNabhAne samajAvavA pastI che. (A mATe juo-mAramarANiyAvRzcimananirotyamAvavA lAvavata kathaK " zautamasUtra, ma. 1, bhA. 1 jU, 5) samagra jagatanA pramenI carcAmAM te UtaryuM nathI. te bAbatamAM teNe vaizeSikanA siddhAMte svIkArI lIdhA che. vaizeSika darzana mukhya paNe jamtanA prameyanI carcA kare che. te carcA pramANacarcAnI pradhAnatAvALA nyAyadarzanane sarvathA mAnya che. A ja kAraNane lIdhe nyAya ane vaizeSika darzanamAM bheda krame krame ghaTato gayo che, ane tethI ja nyAyazAstra e nAma sAMsaLatAM ja te bane dazane khyAlamAM Ave che. ukta bane darzanenA mULa sutra upara taddana bhinna bhinna TIkA hovA chatAM pAchaLathI keTalAka niyAcikee evA nyAyaviSayaka pra che racelA che ke jemAM vaizeSika darzananI prameyacaryA ane nyAyadarzananI pramANacarcAne saMgraha karI banne darzananuM saMdhAna karI dIdheluM che. A jAtanA graMthomAM sauthI paheluM sthAna tAhUinuM che. tenA kartA gaMgeza upAdhyAya navInanyAyazAstranA sUtradhAra kahevAya che ke gaMgeza upAdhyAyanA pahelAM paNa udayanAcArye kusumAMjali vara pitAnA jhAmAM vaizeSika ane nyAya bane darzananI mAnyatAnuM saMdhAna kareluM che, paNuM te saMdhAna paripUrNa rUpamAM gaMgeza upAdhyAye ja kareluM hovAthI tenuM mAna teone dhaTe che. gaMgeza upAdhyAya pachInA naiyAyikamAM ukta bane darzanenuM saMdhAna karI nyAya graMtha khanA tarkasaMgrahanA praNetA annabhaTTa ane muktAvalinA racayitA vizvanAtha tarkapacAnana e prasiddha che. pUrvamImAMsA e uttaramImAMsAnuM pUrvAga ane nikaTavatI darzana kahevAya che kharuM, paNa tenuM kAraNa e nathI ke te uttaramImAMsAnA prameco svIkAratuM hoya. te prameyanA viSayamAM vaizeSika ane nyAyadarzanane ja mukhyapaNe anusare che. (udAharaNArtha tenI Idriya" saMbaMdhI A mAnyatA : tacca dvividham , bAhyamabhyantara ca / bAhyaM paJcavidhaM ghrANarasanacakSustakazrotrAtmakam / AntaraM tvekaM manaH / tatrAdyAni catvAri ca pRthidhyaptejovAyuprakRtInItyakSapAdadarzanavadabhyAgamyante / zrotraM tvAkAzAtmaka tairabhyupagatam / vayaM tu 'dizaH zrotraM' iti darzanAd digbhAgameva karNazaSkulyavacchinna zrotramAcakSmahe / " a... pA. adhi. 4, sU. 4, reminintra-zAsrarIvi. pUrvamImAMsA karmakAMDaviSayaka vaidika kRtionI vyavasthA ane u55tti karata hovAthI te jJAnapradhAna uttaramImAMsA (vedAMtadarzana)ne mArga sarala kare che. te ja kAraNathI te tenuM pUrvAga thA nikaTavatI darzana kahevAya che. prameyanI mAnyatAmAM te pUrvamImAMsA ane uttaramImAMsA e AkAzapAtALanuM aMtara che. e vAta bhUlavI na

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126 ] darzana ane ciMtana samAveza thAya che.? . (1) vaizarSika darzananA praNetA kaNada RSie kALatattvane aMge cAra sUtro racyAM che. temAM prathama sUtramAM kALatatvane svataMtra sthApita karavA keTalAMka lige varNavyAM che. te kahe che ke amuka vyakti amuka vyaktithI jeSTha che agara kaniSTha che, tevI pratItinuM mukhya kAraNa tema ja vividha kAryomAM thatI yaugapagha, cira ane kSika pratItinuM mukhya kAraNa kaI tatva svataMtra hovuM joIe. A svataMtra tattva te kALa. pachInAM traNa sUtramAM te RSi kALane dravyarUpa mAne che, nitya mAne che, eka mAne che ane sakaLa kAryonA nimittakAraNa tarIke oLakhAve che. (2) nyAyadarzananA praNetA gautama RSie, kaNAda RSinI peThe pitAnA paMcAdhyAyI sUtragraMthamAM koI paNa sthaLe kALatattvane siddha karavA ke tenuM svarUpa batAvavA kAMI paNa kahyuM nathI. tenuM kAraNa e che ke te Si pitAnA darzanamAM pradhAnapaNe pramANanI ja carcA kare che, ane prameyanI bAbatamAM vaizeSikadarzanane anusare che, chatAM teoe eka sthaLe prasaMgavaza dizA ane joIe. pUrvamImAMsA AtmAnuM ane savIkAre che, paramANu vagere jaDa dravyAne svataMtra mAne che ane mokSamAM nayAcikAnI peThe buddhi vagere guNone nAza ane AnaMdane abhAva mAne che, vAMce - " muktisvarUpam-kimidaM ? svastha iti, ye hyAgamApAyino dharmA buddhisukhaduHkhecchAdveSaprayatnadharmAdharmasaMskArAstAnapadAya yadasya svaM nainaM rUpa jJAnazaktisattAdravyatvAdi tasminnavatiSThata ityarthaH / yadi tu saMsArAvasthAyAmavidyamAno'pyAnando muktAvasthAyAM janyata ityucyate tato janimatvAdanityo mokSaH syAt / " a. 1. pA. : bhadhi. . . . rAhIpiwA upara rAmakRSNa praNIta suSitakapUra sitteji. tyAre vedAMtadarzana pradhAnapaNe eka ja AtmA agara brahmane vAstavika svIkArI,ne sivAyanA sakala pramene mAtra mAyika kalpa che, ane mekSamAM akhaMDAnaMda mAne che. (1) bIjA vargamAM sAMkhya sAthe yogane rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che, te te samajAya tevuM che, kAraNa gadarzana sarjAze sAMkhyadarzananA ja prameya svIkAre che. te bane vacceno bheda phakta upAsanAnI ane jJAnanI gauNa-pradhAnatAne AbhArI che, paNa vedAMtadarzana, je prameyanI bAbatamAM sAMkhyathI bilakula juduM paDe che, tene sAMkhyadana sAthe rAkhavAnuM kAraNa e che ke AtmA Adi pramecanA svarUpanA viSayamAM te bannene prabaLa matabheda chatAM kALanA viSayamAM te banne samAna che, 2 "aparimannA yurivara siri jAna dAvya. nityatve vAyunA vyAkhyAte / / / / tattvaM bhAvena // 8 // nityeSvabhAvAdanityeSu bhAvA ne ti rA" vairolina, . 2. mA. 2.

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bhAratIya daranI kALatatva sabaMdhI mAnyatA [ 1027 kALane nimittakAraNarUpe varNavI? ema sUcana karyuM che ke teo kALatatvanA saMbaMdhamAM vaizeSikanI mAnyatAne maLatA che. (3) pUrvamImAMsAnA praNetA jaimini RSie pitAnAM satramAM kALatatva saMbaMdhI koI paNa ullekha karyo nathI. tenuM kAraNa spaSTa che, ane te e ke teone mukhya uddezya karmakAMDaviSayaka vaidika menI vyavasthA karavAne che. chatAM pUrvamImAMsAnA prAmANika ane samartha vyAkhyAkAra pArthasArathi mizranI zAstradIpikA uparanI TIkA yuktinehaprapUraNuM siddhAntacaMdrikAmAM paM. rAmakRSNa kALatattva saMbaMdhI mImAMsaka mata batAvatAM vaizeSika darzananI ja mAnyatAne svIkAra kare che. phakta teo vaizeSika darzanathI eTalI ja bAbatamAM judA paDe che ke vaizeSike kALane parAkSa mAne che ane teo mImAMsakane mate kALane pratyakSa mAne che. 4. (1) sAMkhyadarzanamAM svataMtra ane mULa tatva e che: prakRti ane pu. A be sivAya koI tattva te darzanamAM svataMtra svIkArAyela nathI. AkAza, dizA ane mana sudhdhAM sAMkhyadarzanamAM prakRtinA vikAre che. tethI te darzanamAM kALa" nAmanuM koI svataMtra tattva nathI. te darzana pramANe kALa e eka prAkRtika pariNamana mAtra che. prakRti nitya chatAM pariNamanazIla che. A sthaLa ane sUkSma jaDajagata prakRtine vikAra mAtra che. vikAra ane pariNAmanI paraMparA uparathI ja vizvagata badhA kALasAdhya vyavahAranI upapatti sAMkhyadarzananA mULa sUtramAMthI ja tarI Ave che.? (2) gadarzananA praNetA maharSi pataMjalie potAnAM sUtromAM kALatatvanA svarUpanA saMbaMdhamAM svalpa paNa sUcana karyuM nathI, paNa te darzananA prAmANika bhASyakAra vyAsa RSie trIjA pAdanA bAvanamAM sUtranI vyAkhyA karatAM prasaMge kALatatvanuM spaSTa svarUpa AlekhyuM che, je barAbara gadarzanamAnya sAMkhyadarzananA prameyone baMdhabesatuM che. te kahe che ke muhUrta, prahara, divasa Adi laukika kALavyavahAra buddhikRta che--- 95nAjanita che. te kalpanA kSaNenA buddhikRta nAnAmoTA vibhAge upara avalaMbelI che. kSaNe e vAstavika che, paNa te mULa tavarUpe nahi; mAtra koI paNa mULa tatvanA pariNAmarUpe te satya che. je pari 1. juo rivAjArajavuM kayuH " a. 2. ma. 1, jhU. 22. 2. "nAsmAkaM vaizeSikAdivadapratyakSaH kAlaH, kintu pratyakSa eva, asminkSaNe mayopalabdha ityanubhavAt / arUpasyA'pyAkAzavat pratyakSada bhvissyaate|" a. 1, 1. 1, . , . . . "dizAvAvaraciH sakakara, kara. 2, phU. 12.

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108). darzana ane ciMtana NAmanA buddhithI paNa khInne vibhAga na thaI zake tevA sUkSmAtisUkSma pariNAmanuM nAma kSaNa che. tevI kSaNanuM svarUpa spaSTa karatAM kahe che ke eka paramANune prathama potAnu kSetra cheADI khIjuM kSetra prApta karavAmAM jeTalA vakhata vIte che te ja vakhatanuM arthAt paramANuparimANa dezanA atikramaNamAM lAgatA vakhatanuM nAma kSaNa' che." A rIte jotAM kSaNa e mAtra kriyAnA avibhAjya aMzanA saketa che. yAgadarzanamAM sAMkhyadarzanasammata jaDa prakRtitattva jayAzIla manAya che. tenI kriyAzIlatA svAbhAvika hAI tene kriyA karavAmAM anya tattvanI apekSA nathI. tethI yAga na ke sAMpyadarzana kriyAnA nimattakAraNa tarIke vaizeSikadarzananI peThe kALatattvane prakRtithI bhinna ke svataMtra nathI svIkAratA, e bAbata barAbara sAbita thAya che, 23 ( 3 ) 'uttaramImAMsA' darzana, vedAMtana yA aupaniSadika darzananA nAme prasiddha che. te darzananA praNetA maharSi bAdarAyaNe kayAMya kALatattvanA saMdhamAM spaSTa lakhyuM nathI, paNa te darzananA pradhAna vyAkhyAkAra zaMkarAcArye mAtra brahmane ja mULa ane svataMtra tattva svIkArI anya sukSma ke sthULa jaDajagatane mAyika agara to avidyAjanita sAbita karela che. tethI ja zAMkara vedAMtaneA siddhAMta saMkSepamAM eTale che ke " brahma satyaM namiyA. A siddhAMta pramANe phakta kALane ja nahi, paNa AkAza, paramANu Adi tattvone paNa svata tratA mATe sthAna ja nathI, joke vedAMtadarzananA anya vyAkhyAkArA rAmAnuja, niMbArka, mRdhdha ane vallabha keTalIka muddAnI khAkhaMtAmAM zAMkara siddhAMtathI judA paDe che, paNa teonA matabhenuM mukhya kSetra AtmAnuM svarUpa ane jagatanI satyatA ke asatyatA e che. kALatattva svataMtra nathI, te bAbatamAM vedAMtadarzananA badhA vyAkhyAkAza ekamata che. zrva, vaidika darzananI phALatattva sabadhI mAnyatAo joyA bAda jaina dana tarapha najara Ave che ane prazna thAya che ke jaina darzana svataMtra kALatattvavAdI che ke asvataMtra kALatattvavAdI ? Ane saMkSepamAM uttara eTalo ja maLe che ke jaina darzanamAM svataMtra kALatattvanI ane asvataMtra kALatattvanI mAnyatAnA anne pakSe| svIkArAyA che, joke vakhata jatAM jaina sAhitya hiMdustAnanA dareka bhAgamAM phelAyuM ane puSTa thatuM gayuM, paNa tenA utthAnanAM khIja pUrva deza 1. A ja paramANunI gatinA dAkhalA nakAramAM AcArya kuMdakunde Apela che ane tenA TIkAgraMnthemAM teja vAta spaSTa thayela che. jIo a. 2, gAthA 46 Adi.

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bhAratIya darzIneAnI kALatattva saMbadhI mAnyatA 102 bihArAntagata magadha pradezamAM ja rApAyela, uparyukta vaidika che nAnA sUtrakAro paNa moTe bhAge magadhanI samIpanA mithilA dezamAM ja thayelA. jaina darzona ane vaidika danAnI mAtra kSetraviSayaka ja samAnatA nathI, paNa tenI samAnakAlInatA paNa nizcita che. A samAnakSetratA ane samAnakAlInatAneA prabhAva jaina sAhityamAM upalabdha thatA kALatattva saMbadhI pUrvokta banne pakSethI vadhAre spaSTa thAya che. have ApaNe tapAsI joI e ke jaina darzananA prAcIna, madhyakAlIna ane arvAcIna sAhityamAM kALane svataMtra tattva mAnanAra ane na mAnanAra e me pakSe kayAM kayAM ullikhita thayela che. te uparAMta e paNa jovuM khAkI rahe che ke vaidika sAhityamAM svataMtra kALatattvavAdI pakSe ane asvataMtra kALatattvavAdI pakSe kALanuM jevuM jevuM svarUpa varNavyuM che, jaina sAhityanA ukata banne pakSoe paNa tevuM tevuM svarUpa ja vaLyuM che ke temAM kaMI pheraphAra che ? A banne praznonA uttara ApyA pahelAM eka vAta khAsa jaNAvI devI yogya che, ane te e ke jaina darzananuM sAhitya zvetAMbara ane digaMbara e e zAkhAomAM vaheMcAI gayuM che. jyAre zvetAMbara saMpradAyanA prAcIna, madhyakAlIna ane arvAcIna sAhityamAM kALatattvane lagatI uparyukta banne mAnyatAo maLe che, tyAre digambara saMpradAyanA prAcIna, madhyakAlIna ane arvAcIna sAhityamAM phakta kALane svataMtra tattva mAnanAra eka ja pakSa dRSTigocara thAya che. zvetAMbara prAcIna sAhityamAM bhagavatI, uttarAdhyayana,2 vAbhigama, prajJApanA Ardi AgamAmAM kALa sabaMdhI uparyukta banne pakSo ullikhita thayA che. digabarIya prAcIna sAhityamAM pravacanasAramAM svataMtra kALatattvatAM ekamAtra pakSa che. zvetAMbara madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM vizeSAvazyakabhASya, dharma saMgrahaNI, ka tattvArthaM bhASyavRtti Adi graMthAmAM ukta banne pakSo nirdiSTa 1. juo rAta 21, deza 4, 6, 7rUSa, 2. adhyayana 28, jyA 7-8. 3. 16 1, 6. rU. 4. tue a. 2, gAthA 46, 47 vagere. 5. gAyA kara6 tathA 2068 A graMtha jinabhadrabaNI kSamAzramaNe racela che. teo haribhadrasUrinA pahelAM nikaTavartI thayelA manAya che. 6. A graMtha AThamA-navamI zatAbdImAM thayela zrI. hidrasUrie racela che; tu bA. 32 tathA lagiri TIkA, 7. jIe a. pU. sU. 38-39, bhASyavyAkhyA zrI. siddhasenakRta

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13] darzana ane citana che. bibarIya madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM tattvArthanI traNa TIkAorI ( sarvothuM - siddhi, rAjavAti ka, zlokavAti ka), gAmbhaTasAra AdigraMthamAM e pUrvokta eka ja pakSa jaNAya che. zvetAMbarIya arvAcIna sAhityamAM dravyaguNaparyAyanA rAsa 4 yuktiprameAdha,pa lokaprakAza Adi graMthaiAmAM ukta banne pakSo ASAcelA che. khIjo prazna kALatattvanA svarUpane lagatA che. vakidanasvIkRta kALatattva sabaMdhI ukta banne pakSo jaina darzanamAM che, eTalA pUratu' e ane darzanAnu sAmya chatAM svarUpanI AkhatamAM jaina darzana vaidika dazAthI bilakula judu paDe che. svarUpa saMbadhI aneka mAnyatA jaina sAhityamAM che. tenI vividhatA jotAM parAkSa viSayamAM manuSyanI buddhi kalpanAnAM vAM citraNA Alekhe che, te vAta vadhAre sAbita thAya che. jyAre vaidika svataMtra kALapakSa kALane eka, vyApaka ane nitya mAne che tyAre jaina svataMtra kALatattva-pakSamAM cAra judI judI mAnyatAo che. pahelI mAnyatAM kALane aNumAtra ane eka svIkAre che. bIjI mAnyatA pramANe kALa eka tattva chatAM manuSyakSetrapramANa che, aNu mAtra nahi. trIjI manyatA pramANe kALatattva eka che kharuM, paNa te aNumAtra nathI, manuSyakSetrapramANa paNa nathI, kintu lekavyApI che. cothI mAnyatA pramANe kALatattva eka nahi paNa asaMkhya che, ane te badhAye paramANumAtra 1. A graMthane zvetAMbara, dixkhara banne saMpradAya pramANa tarIke ekasarakhI rIte svIkAre che. joke baMne sapradAyamAM keTalAM sUtrA ochAMvattAM che ane parivartana paNa pAmyAM che. keTaleka sthaLe sUtramAM vizeSa bhinnatA nahAvA chatAM paNa ane saMpradAyanA vyAkhyAkAra AcAryAe peAtapeAtAnI mAnyatA pramANe te te sUtrane judA judA arthe karyA che. tenA udAharaNa rUpe kALa sabaMdhI sUtreA uparanI beu sa'pradAyanA AcAryAe karela vyAkhyA jovA jevI che, 2. a. 5, sU. 39-40 uparanI traNa vyAkhyA. 3. jI. vAMDa, 4, A graMtha gujarAtI bhASAmAM sattaramA aDhAramA saikAmAM thayela upAdhyAya caze.vijayajIe racela che. temAM zvetAMbara ane digaMbara ane soMpradAyAnI kALa saMbaMdhI samagra mAnyatA vicArapUrvaka varNavAyela che. A viSayanA jijJAsu mATe A eka ja graMtha paryApta che, tu " prakaraNaratnAkara' bhA, 1. gA, 10," 5. A graMthamAM paNa zvetAMbara, kviMgabara mAnyatAonuM eka prakaraNa che,tenA praNetA . ane yavijayajInA samakAlIna hatA. ane saMpradAyanI samagra kALa saMbaMdhI medhavijayajI che, te eka sAza vidvAna d 6. A mAnyatA yuktipradeAdha mAM hovAnuM smaraNa che. A vicAra lakhatI vakhate te anya pAse na hovAthI cokkasa purAvA ApI zakatA nathI. *

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bhAratIya darzanenI kALatanya saMbaMdhI mAnyatA [ 1030 che. A cethI mAnyatA ekalA digabara saMpradAyamAM svIkRta che. bAkInI traNa mAnyatA vetAMbara saMpradAyamAM pracalita che. vaidika asvataMtra kALatavapakSa mukhyatayA prakRti pariNAmane agara vedAMtanI daSTie mAyika vilAsane ke brahmavivatane kALa kahe che, tyAre jaina avataMtra kALatatvapakSa cetana-acetana e bannenA pariNamanane kALa kahe che. sAMkhya ane roga cetanatatvane kUTasthanitya mAnatA hovAthI temane mata pramANe prakRtimAtra ja pariNAmI che A tethI ja temanA mata pramANe prAkRtika pariNAma ja kALa che. vedAMta daSTi anusAre jagata mAyika ane vAMhmane vivarta che, tethI tenI daSTie kALa e eka mAyAvilAsa agara te brahmavivarta che, paNa jaina darzana cetana-acetana bannene vAstavika ane pariNamI banatuM hovAthI tenA mata pramANe cetana-acetana bannene payapravAha kALa manAya che. 1. bauddha darzananuM sAhitya vizeSa jovAmAM AvyuM nathI. je kAMI thoDuM jevAmAM AvyuM che te uparathI atyAre eTaluM ja kahI zakAya che ke baddha matathAM kALa svataMtra tatvarUpa manAyela nathI. upasaMhAra Arya sAhityamAM upalabdha thatI kALatatvane lagatI mAnyatAonuM upara je saMkSepamAM varNana ApavAmAM AvyuM che, AzA che ke te varNana AryasAhityanA abhyAsIone alpAze paNa upayogI thaze.* * * purAtatva pustaka mAMthI udbhUta.