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________________ vartamAna vizva meM vividha dharma pracalita haiM aura unameM vividha rUpatA hai / prAcIna kAla meM tIrthaMkara AdinAtha [ vRSabhadeva ] ke samaya meM bhI unake zramaNa muni banane ke bAda 363 mata-dharmoM kA ullekha pAyoM jAtA hai| isase pUrva jaba yahA~ bhogabhUmi thI kisI dharma, jAti, sampradAya aura varNa kA pracalana nahIM thA / isase pUrva bhUtakAlIna 24 tIrthaMkaroM ne dharma pracAra kiyA' / yaha paramparA anAdikAlIna rahI aura tat-tat samaya meM tatkAlIna tIrthaMkaroM se pravAhita hotI rahI / tIrthaMkaroM dvArA pravAhita yaha dharma Arhat-dharma kahalAyA jAtA rhaa| kyoMki anAdikAla se sambhUta sabhI tIrthaMkara ' arhanta' hue aura isa pada kI prApti ke pazcAt hI isa dharma kA upadeza diyA / arhantoM dvArA upadiSTa aura arhantAvasthA kI upalabdhi karAnevAlA * hone se yaha dharma ' Aheta - dharma ' kahalAyA / = zabda-zAstra [ vyAkaraNa ] ke anusAra arhat, arhan aura arahaMta zabdoM kI vyutpatti : 'a dhAtu se ' arhaH prazaMsAyAm ' sUtra se zatR pratyaya hone se huI hai| jaba isameM ' ugidacAM num sarvanAma sthAne to:' se huA taba arhanta - arahaMta banA / arahaMta avasthA saMsAra meM sarvotkRSTa avasthA hai / yaha avasthA siddha avasthA se pUrva kI avasthA hai aura mukti kA dvAra hai / arahaMta zabda kA astitva vaidika, sanAtana aura bauddha sAhityoM meM pracura mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai / loka mAnyatA ke anusAra yadi vedoM kA sAhitya prAcInatama mAnA jAtA hai, usa prAcInatama sAhitya meM bhI arhat zabda kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| isa mAnyatAnusAra bhI Arhat dharma prAcInatama siddha hai / hama yahA~ kucha uddharaNa upasthita kara rahe haiM, jina se pAThakoM ko sahaja jAnakArI ho sakegI / [1] 1. Arhat-dharma evaM zramaNa-saMskRti muni vidyAnanda " arhan vimarSa sAyakAni, dhanvArhanniSkaM yajataM vizvarUpam / arhannidaM dayase vizvamambaM, na vA o jIyorudratvadanyadasti // ' Rgveda 2|33|10 paNamahu caDavIsajiNe titthayare tattha bharahakhettammi / bhavvANaM bhavarukkhaM chiMdate NANaparasUhiM // ' -tiloyapaNNattI 4 / 514 - bharatakSetra saMbaMdhI caubIsa jina tIrthaMkaroM ko maiM vandana karatA hU~ / ye tIrthaMkara apane jJAnarUpI pharase se bhavyoM ke saMsAra rUpa vRkSa ko kATate haiM / 295
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________________ A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha [2] 'arhantA citpurodadhezeva devAvarvate / ' -Rgveda 6 / 865 rUpANAM nAdeyaM hyasti kiNcn|' ___-mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 226 / 15 [4] 'Arhata |'-vaayupuraann 104 / 16 [5] 'Arhata / ' yogavAsiSTha 96 / 50 [6] 'devo'hanaparamezvaraH / ' yogazAstra 2 / 4; 'arhatAM devaH / ' -vArAhamihira saMhitA 45 / 58 [7] 'arhannityatha jainazAsanaratAH |'--hnumnnaattk 13 [8] 'syAdarhan jinapUjyayoH |'-shaashvtkoss 641 [9] 'yatthArahanto viharanti taM bhUmi rAmaNeyyakaM |'-dhmmpd 9819 [10] 'arahatAnaM |'-khNddgiri udayagiri abhilekha, IsApUrva dvitIya zatI / (jaina) ukta sabhI uddharaNa jainetara sAmagrI meM upalabdha haiM / etAvatA arhantoM kI prAcInatA sahaja siddha hai| dhammapada ke ullekha se to yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki jahA~ bhI arahaMta vihAra karate haiM vahAM kI bhUmi ramaNIya ho jAtI hai--jaisA ki jaina zAstroM meM varNana AtA hai-'SaT Rtu ke phUla phale apAra |'aadi kevala jJAna aura arahanta pada sahabhAvI haiN| kyoM ki cAra ghAtiyAM [jJAnAvaraNI, darzanAvaraNI, mohanIya aura antarAya ] karmoM ke astitvAbhAva meM kevalajJAna hotA hai aura kevalajJAnI meM arahanta vyapadeza hotA hai / arahanta parameSThI [ paramapada meM sthita ] kahalAte haiM--inakA AtmA svaguNoM ke pUrNa vikAsa ko pA letA hai| inake upadeza se jana-jana ke kalyANa kA mArga prazasta hotA hai aura inakA upadeza hI vAstavika dharma [saMsAra dukha se chuDAnevAlA ] hotA hai| ataH avinAzI pada--mokSa meM pahu~cAne meM samartha dharma 'Ahata-dharma' kahalAne kI zreNI meM AtA hai / saMsArI jIvoM ke kalyANa kI dRSTi se arahanta pada sarvopakArI hai| ataH Arhata dharma saMbaMdhI anAdi mUla maMtra meM arahaMtoM kA smaraNa [namana] prathama kiyA gayA hai / isa dharma kA mUla maMtra parameSThI vAcaka kahalAtA hai / aura sarva pApoM ke nAza karane meM vaha samartha hai aura sarva maMgaloM meM prathama maMgala hai'| maMtra isa prakAra hai-- Namo arahaMtANaM = arahaMtoM ko namaskAra ho Namo siddhANaM = siddhoM ko namaskAra ho Namo AiriyANaM = AcAryoM ko namaskAra ho 1. 'eso paMca NamAyAro svvpaavppnnaasnno| __ maMgalANaM ca savvesiM par3hamaM havai maMgalaM |'-muulaacaar 7 / 18
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________________ AIt-dharma evaM zramaNa-saMskRti Namo uvajjhAyANaM Namo loe savva sAhUNaM = upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra ho loka meM sarva sAdhuoM [ zramaNa muniyoM ] ko namaskAra ho / = 297 prakArAntara se yadi vizeSa vivecana kiyA jAya to jaise yaha mUla maMtra namaskArAtmaka hai vaise hI Ata dharma kA pratipAdaka bhI hai| ukta pAMcoM parameSThI kA svarUpa samajhanA, Arhata dharma ke siddhAntoM ko samajhanA hai / aura isIliye hama kaha sakate haiM ukta mUla maMtra ' zramaNa saMskRti' kA AdhAra aura 'zramaNa saMskRti' mUla maMtra kA AdhAra hai| cU~ki eka anAdi siddha hai, prAcIna siddha hai to dUsarA bhI anAdi aura prAcIna siddha hai / aba hama ukta anAdi maMtra kA saMkSipta digdarzana karAkara zramaNa-saMskRti para prakAza DAleMge | zramaNa saMskRti ke bhI ullekha anya granthoM meM vaise hI milate haiM jaise ki ' arahaMta' pada ke milate haiM / NamokAra maMtra kA vAstavika svarUpa para, jabataka azuddha pariNamana rahatA Arhata darzana meM chaha dravya mAne gaye haiM--jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / sthUla rIti se inheM jIva aura ajIva ina do bhedoM meM bhI garbhita kara sakate haiM / pratyeka dravya svabhAvataH zuddha hai 1 jIva aura pudgala vaibhAvika pariNati se azuddha pariNamana bhI kara rahe haiN| hai jIva dravya bhI saMsArI nAma pAtA hai usakI pUjyatA nahIM hotI / zuddhatA prApta karane ke liye jIva ko karmoM se pRthaka honA par3atA hai / jaba yaha jIva karmoM se pRthak hone kA upakrama karake jJAnAvaraNI, darzanA - varaNI, mohanIya aura aMtarAya karmoM se apane ko pRthak kara letA hai taba ye kevalajJAnI aura pUjya ho jAtA hai aura ise arahaMta saMjJA kI prApti ho jAtI hai / arahaMta kI niSpatti ' arha ' dhAtu se hotI hai jisakA bhAva pUjAvAcaka arthAt pUjya hone se hai / Namo arahantANaM - loka meM arahanta ke pracalita tIna rUpa milate haiM yathA - Namo arahaMtANaM, Namo arihaMtANa aura Namo aruhaMtANaM / aneka vidvAnoM ne ina para vicAra kiyA hai aura bhinna bhinna vicAra bhI prakaTa kiye haiM-arahaMtANaM pada ' ahaH prazaMsAyAM ' sUtra se zatR pratyaya hone para arhata banA / aura 'ugidacAM num sarva sthAne dhAto: ' se num hone para arhant banA / ' svararahitaM vyaMjanaM nAsti ' niyama ke anusAra arahaMta vanA / aura pUjya artha meM yahI pada zuddha hai / anya padoM kA vyavahAra kAlAntara meM zabdazAstra para UhApoha hone ke pazcAt vibhinna arthoM ke sanniveza meM hone lagA / vAstava meM dhAtu ke mUla artha ' pUjyatA' kI dRSTi se Namo arahaMtANaM hI ThIka hai aura aisA hI bolanA cAhiye / yadyapi loka meM isa pada ko arihaMta rUpa meM uccAraNa karane kI prathA [ ari- karmazatru ko ' hanta ' - nAzakartA ke bhAva meM ] par3a calI hai aura zabdArtha vicArane para ucita sI AbhAsita hotI hai / para jahAM taka mUla aura maMtra kI anAdi paramparA kI bAta hai -- aisA artha kinhI prAcIna granthoM meM dekhane meM nahIM aataa| sabhI sthAnoM para ' arha ' 38
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________________ 298 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha pUjArthaka dhAtu se hI isakA saMbaMdha jor3A gayA hai| hiMsArthaka han dhAtu se nahIM jor3A gyaa| phira Arhat-darzana to 'ahiMsA paramodharmaH' kA paramapoSaka hai; sAtha meM parakartRtva abhAva bhI to hai / arahaMta parameSThI karma kA hanana na karake sva ko sva meM prakaTa karate haiM aura karma svayaM hI akiMcitkara ho jAte haiM aura isIse arahaMta pUjyapanA prApta karate haiM / ataH Namo arahaMtANaM hI upayukta a~catA hai / Namo siddhANaM-'siddha' zabda 'Sidh' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha gati hai| saMprasAraNa meM 'sidh' dhAtu se niSThA sUtra se kta pratyaya huA aura 'jhalAM jazo'nte' 'jhalAM jazajhanni' sUtroM se t ko dh va d hokara siddha pada bnaa| siddha se tAtparya hai jo AtmamArga ko siddha kara cuke-saMsAra paribhramaNa se sadA ke liye mukta ho gaye / siddhoM ke svarUpa kA varNana zAstroM meM isa prakAra milatA hai 'aTThavihakammaviyalA sIdIbhUdA NiraMjaNA nniccaa|| aTThaguNA kidakiccA loyaggaNivAsiNo siddhA ||'-nemicndr cakravartI jo aSTavidha karma se rahita, zAnta, niraMjana, nitya, aSTaguNasahita, kRtakRtya aura lokAgravAsI haiM ve siddha haiM siddhabhakti meM likhA hai 'asarIrA jIvaghanA uvajuttA daMsaNeya NANeya / / sAyAramaNAyArA lakkhaNameyaM tu siddhANaM ||'-siddhbhkti' karmamala aura tajjanya pA~ca zarIroM kA abhAva hone se ve siddha zarIra rahita haiN| svajIva dravya meM paramarUpa hone se anya kisI padArtha dvArA utpAdita vikAra bhAva se samAviSTa nahIM haiM aura ananta darzana, anantajJAna se pUrNa haiM / antima zarIrAkAra Atmapradeza hone se sAkAra aura vAstava meM nirAkAra [ pudgala Adi anya dravyoM se bhinnajAtIya ] haiN| Namo AiriyANaM-AiriyANaM pada meM 'A' upasarga hai jo samantAt athavA pUrNatayA artha meM AtA hai / 'A' upasarga pUrvaka gatyarthaka 'cara' dhAtu se yogya artha meM 'Nyat ' pratyaya hokara 'A + cara + ya' banA / 'k g c t d y v vAM prAyo luk ' se ca kA lopa huA 'yasyari' se 'rakAra' ko 'rikAra' huA / ' i saptAdau ' se a ko i hone para 'Airiya' rUpa banA / namaskArArtha meM 'ANaM' caturthI vibhakti hone para AiriyANaM banA / AcArya [ Airiya ] kA artha hai-AcAraNa meM calAne yogya, AcArazAstra ke adhikArI / inake 36 guNa hote haiM3-12 tapa, 6 Avazyaka, 5 AcAra, 10 dharma, 3 gupti / 1. svargAvataraNa janmAbhiSeka pariniSkramaNa kevalajJAnotpatti parinirvANeSu devakRtAnAM pUjAnAM devasuramAnava prAptapUjAbhyo'bhyadhikatvAdatizayAnAmahatvAda yogytvaadrhntH|'- (dhavalA) 'sammattaNANa daMsaNa vIriya suhama taheva avagahaNaM / agurulahumavvAvAhaM aTThaguNAhuti siddhANaM / ' dvAdazadhA tapobhedA AvazyakAH pare hi SaT / paMcAcArA dazadharmAstisraH zuddhAzca guptyH|| AcAryANAM guNAH proktAH sstttriNshcchivdaaykH|| so0 trai0 12 / 46
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________________ AIt-dharma evaM zramaNa-saMskRti 299 6 Namo uvajjhAyANaM - ' upa ' upasarga samIpa artha kA dyotaka hai aura ' iG' dhAtu adhyayanArtha hai / iG dhAtu sadA ' adhi ' upasarga ke sAtha AtI hai / ' upa + adhi + i ' aisI sthiti meM ' 'ghaJ ' pratyaya huA aura vRddhi, dIrgha, yaNa aura Ay hone para ' upAdhyAya ' banA / ' povaH ' se pakAra ko bakAra, sUtra 'hrasvaH saMyoge ' se vakAra ko hasva hone para ' uvadhyAya ' banA ' dhyasyajjha : ' sUtra se ' dhya' ko 'jjhaH ' Adeza hone para 6 uvajjhAya ' banA aura caturthyanta hone se uvajjhAyANaM' bolane meM AyA / upAdhyAya muni saMghastha anya muniyoM ko adhyApana karAte haiM / '' Namo loe savvasAhUNaM - ' sAdhnoti svArthamanapekSya parakAryamiti sAdhuH ' athavA ' sAdhnoti nijasya AtmanaH pareSAM bhavyajantUnAM muktirUpaM kAryamiti sAdhuH / ' jo svArtha kI apekSA na karake para kArya ko siddha karate haiM yA nija AtmA aura anya bhavyajIvoM ke muktirUpa kArya ko siddha karate haiM ve sAdhu hote haiM / saMskRta meM sarva zabda samasta artha kA bodhaka hotA hai / prAkRta meM ' sarvatra lavarAmacandre zeSANAM dvitvacAnAdau ' sUtra se rakAra kA lopa aura vakAra ko dvitva hone se ' savva' bana jAtA hai / siddhi artha meM ' sAdha ' dhAtu se 'uN ' pratyaya hone para 'sAdhu ' rUpa banatA hai / sAdhu zabda se loka meM anekoM artha grahaNa kiye jAne lage haiM parantu vAstava meM yaha zabda zramaNa muniyoM ke liye hI hai / 'rava dyatha dha mAM ha: ' sUtra se dhakAra ko hakAra ho jAtA hai / sAmAnyata: isa pada meM AcArya aura upAdhyAyoM kA grahaNa bhI ho jAtA hai parantu una donoM padoM ko vizeSApekSayA pRthak kahA gayA hai / snAtaka, nirgrantha, pulAka, bakuza aura kuzIla ye sabhI bhedasAdhuoM ke haiM aura ina saba kA grahaNa karane ke liye prakRta mUla maMtra meM ' savva ' pada kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / ukta prakAra mUlamaMtra kA saMkSipta vivecana hai / / ukta maMtra Arhat-dharma ke digdarzana meM mUlabhUta hai / isake vizeSa - vistRta adhyayana se Arhat-dharma siddhAntoM para pUrNa prakAza par3a sakatA hai AtmA - saMbaMdhI samasta guNoM, kartavyoM aura caramAvasthA ke digdarzana karAne meM samartha hone se ukta maMtra Atmetara anya dravyoM ke prakAza meM bhI samartha hai / upAdhyAya parameSThI ke dvAra se jahAM tattvoM kI zikSA kA bodha hotA hai, vahAM sabhI tattvoM kA vivecana bhI garbhita ho jAtA hai / etAvatA mUlamaMtra Arhat dharma kA pratIka hai, isakA manana, cintana paramapada ko dilAnevAlA hai aura isI vicAradhArA se pravAhita zramaNa-saMskRti hai / aura mUlamaMtra kI bhA~ti vaha bhI anAdi nidhana hai / ' zramaNa ' zabda ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki- ' zrAmyatIti zramaNaH tapasyantItyarthaH / ' - dazavaikAlikasUtra, arthAt jo zrama kare vaha zramaNa kahalAtA hai aura zrama kA bhAva hai tapasyA karanA / bhArata meM zramaNa paramparA prAcInatama -- vastusvarUpa ke sAtha se calI A rahI hai / isa paramparA ke darzana anekoM rUpoM se kiye jA sakate haiN| yathA NAmeNa jahA samaNo ThAvaNie taha ya davvabhAveNa / Nikkhavo vaha tahA caduvviho hoi NAyavvo || - AcArya kundakunda mUlAcAra 10 / 114
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________________ 300 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha zramaNoM kA astitva nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva cAroM nikSepoM kI apekSA ko liye hue haiN| 'zramaNa' aura 'muni ' donoM zabdoM kI paraspara meM sAmyatA hai| jaise 'zrama' zabda prakRta prasaMga meM AdhyAtmikatA se saMbaMdhita hai vaise hI muni zabda bhI AdhyAtmikatA kI ora saMketa karatA hai / kahA bhI hai--'mAnyatvAdAptavidhAnAM mahadbhiH kIrtyate muniH'--yazastilaka 8 / 44 / arthAt AptavidyA [Agama ] meM vRddha aura mAnya hone se mahAna puruSoM ne ise muni saMjJA dI hai| 'mananAt muniH ' aisA bhI kahA jAtA hai arthAt jo tattvoM kA-AtmA kA manana kareM ve muni haiM / 'zrama' zabda tIna rUpoM meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai-zrama, parizrama aura Azrama / DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla kahate haiM- 'ekataH zramaH zramaH / ' 'paritaH zramaH parizramaH / ' aura 'A samantAt zramaH AzramaH / ' eka ora arthAt zarIra se kiyA gayA zrama 'zrama' kahalAtA hai| do ora arthAt zarIra aura mana se kiyA gayA zrama 'parizrama' kahalAtA hai| aura tInoM ora se arthAt mana-vacana-kAya se kiyA gayA zrama 'Azrama' kahalAtA hai| ukta prasaMga se zramaNa aura Azrama kI pArasparika ghaniSTatA vidita hotI hai kyoM ki bhramaNa muni mana-vacana-kAya tInoM kI ekarUpatA pUrvaka dhyAna kA abhyAsa karate haiN| vAstava meM zramaNamuniyoM ke hI Azrama adhyAtma se sambandha rakhate rahe haiM / zeSa Azrama to zrama aura parizrama taka hI sImita haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki zramaNadharma ko anya AzramoM kA janaka batalAyA gyaa|' zramaNa paramparA kA ullekha prAcInatama granthoM meM milatA hai| cAritra cakravartI AcArya zrI zAntisAgara mahArAja bhI isI zramaNa paramparA ke muni the| unhoMne isa yuga meM zramaNa dharma ko mUrtarUpa dene meM prAthamika maMgala kArya kiyA hai / Aja ke zramaNamuni unhIM kI paramparA se ubuddha hue haiM; jo Arhat dharma aura zramaNa saMskRti ke sAkSAt-pratIka rUpa haiN| 'ThANAGga sutta' meM zramaNa muniyoM kI aneka vRttiyoM kA varNana hai| vahA~ likhA hai zramaNamuniyoM kI vRtti uraga, giri, jvalana, sAgara, AkAzatala, tarugaNa, bhramara, mRga, dharaNI, jalaruha, ravi aura pavana sama hotI hai| isakA vistRta vyAkhyAna phira kabhI kiyA jAyagA, lekha vistRta hone ke kAraNa yahA~ saMkoca hI zreSTha hai| 'zramaNa' zabda kA astitva veda-purANa-vyAkaraNa-upaniSad-bhAgavata Adi aneka granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM isa zabda kA prayoga bhinna bhinna bhASAoM meM bhI huA hai| zramaNa-saMskRti prAcIna bhArata meM himAlaya se lekara kanyAkumArI taka vyApta thI yaha to nirvivAda siddha hai aura aise bhI pramANa mile haiM ki isa zramaNa dharma ke zAstA tIrthakara tibbata taka bhI gae haiM, aMga, vaMga, kaliMga Adi to 1. 'zramaNa paramparA ke kAraNa brAhmaNa dharma meM vAnaprastha aura sanyAsa ko prazraya milA / '-- -vAsudevazaraNa agravAla [ jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA se uddhRta] pR. 13 2. 'uraga-giri-jalana-sAgara, nahatala tarugaNa samo ajo hoi / bhamara miya dharaNijalaruha ravi pavaNasamo aso samaNo |||'-tthaannaaNg sutta 5
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________________ v AIt-dharma evaM zramaNa-saMskRti 301 isa deza ke aMga haiM hii| bhArata kA pracalita nAmakaraNa bhI isI saMskRti ke anuyAyI cakravartI bharata se huA isa prakAra zramaNa-saMskRti kA mahattA bahuta bar3hI car3hI aura Adarza rahI hai / [kucha bhASAoM meM zramaNa zabda ke rUpa] 1. prAkRta bhASA meM 'samaNa' mAgadhI 'zamaNa' saMskRta 'zramaNa' [ 'kumAraH zramaNAdibhiH " pANini 2 / 1170 ] 4. apabhraMza 'savaNu' kannaDa 'zravaNa' 6. yUnAnI 'saramanAI' 7. cInI 'zramaNerasa' tamila 'amaNa' [kucha granthoM meM zramaNa zabda] 1. 'tRdilA atRdilAso adrayo zramaNA azRthitA amRtyavaH |'-Rgved 10 / 94 / 11 2. 'yatra lokA na lokAH........zramaNo na shrmnnstaapso........|'-brhmopnissd 3. 'vAtarazanA' ha vA RSayaH....zramaNA Urdhvamanthino babhUvuH / -taittirIyopaniSad , AraNyaka 27 4. 'zramaNo'zramaNastApato'tApaso........' -bRhadAraNyaka 4 / 3 / 22 5. 'zramaNaH parivAT-yatkarmanimitto bhavati s........|' -zAMkarabhASya 6. 'vAtarazanA ha vA RSayaH shrmnnaa........|' -taittirIya AraNyaka 2, pra0 7, anu0 1-2 ___ vAtarazanAkhyA RSayaH zramaNAstapasvinaH........ |'-saaynn TIkA 8. 'AtmArAmAH samadRzaH prAyazaH zramaNA janAH |'-shriimdbhaagvt 12 / 3 / 18-19 9. 'vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamaMthinAm ........ |'-shriimdbhaagvt 5 / 3 / 20 isa prakAra zramaNa saMskRti aura Arhat-dharma prAcInatama siddha hote haiN| yaha saMskRti himAlaya meM bhI vyApta rhii| yuga ke Adi manu nAbhi aura Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA isa pradeza se bhI ghaniSTa saMbaMdha rahA aise bhI pramANa upalabdha hue haiN| hindU grantha zrImadbhAgavata meM likhA hai-nAbhi manu aura rAnI marudevI ne yahIM se kalyANapada [ tapasyA dvArA] prApta kiyA / tathAhi 'kumAra : zramaNAdinA'-zabdArNavacaMdrikA; 'kumAraH zramaNAdibhiH'-jainendra vyAkaraNa 1 / 3 / 65 vAtarazanA ya RSayaH zramaNA uurdhvmnthinH| -zrImadbhAgavata 11 / 6 / 47
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________________ 302 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha viditAnurAgamApaura prakRti janapado rAjAnAbhirAtmajaM samayasetu rakSAyAmabhiSicya......."sahamarudevyA vizAlAyAM' prasannanipuNena tapasA samAdhiyogena'.....mahimAnamavApa |'-shriimdbhaagvt 5 / 4 / 5 gatavarSa jaba hamane himAlaya meM vihAra kiyA taba bhI aise bahuta se tathya samakSa Ae jinase isa pradeza meM zramaNa-saMskRti kI puSTi milii| zrInagara-gaDhavAla meM jaina-saMskRti kI paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdhi huii| aura aisA bhI vidita huA ki isa pradeza ka dhanupura paTTI Adi sthAnoM para jainoM aura zramaNa-saMskRti kA paryApta prabhAva rahA / khoja kI AvazyakatA hai| 1. 'vizAlAyAM badarikAzrame |'-shriidhr TIkA, kAzI 'vizAla phaladA proktA vishaalaa|'