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________________ aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya ravizaMkara mizra zvetAmbara jaina sampradAya meM aneka gaccha pracalita haiM, jinameM caurAsI gacchoM kI mAnyatA bahuta prAcIna hai|' pAzcAtya vidvAn DA0 nhalara ne bhI caurAsI gacchoM kI mAnyatA ko svIkAra kiyA hai About the middle of the tenth century there flourished a Jalna high priest named Uddyotana, with whose pupils the eighty four gachhas Originated. This number is still spoken of by the Jainas, but the lists that have been hitherto published are very discordant.2 . parantu vartamAna meM kharataragaccha, tapAgaccha, aJcalagaccha Adi gaccha hI pramukha haiN| ina gacchoM meM aJcalagaccha kA apanA itihAsa hai| isa gaccha ne na kevala jaina saMgha ke itihAsa ko ujjvala kiyA hai, balki apanI bauddhika prakharatA evaM jJAna-gAmbhIryatA se bhAratIya sAhitya ko eka anupama dena do hai| isa gaccha ke itihAsa-saGkalana meM sahAyabhUta hone vAlI vipula sAdhana-sAmagrI yatastataH vinaSTaprAya hI hai| mAtra isa gaccha se sambandhita paTTAvaliyA~ evaM prazastiyA~ hI isa gaccha ke itihAsa ko ujAgara karatI haiN| ___ aJcalagaccha ke saMsthApaka zrI AryarakSitasUri the / inakA janma saMvat 1136 meM dantANI grAma meM huA thaa| inhoMne kAlIdevI kI upAsanA kI thI tathA 70 boloM ( mAnyatAoM) kA pratipAdana kara apane samudAya kA nAma "vidhipakSa' rakhA thA / saMvat 1213 meM isI vidhipakSa kA dUsarA nAma par3A-'aJcalagaccha" / isa aJcalagaccha kI sthApanA meM pUrva kI paTTAvalI nimnakramAnusAra prastuta kI gaI hai (1) Arya sudharmAsvAmI ( Adya paTTadhara ), (2) Arya jambusvAmI, (3) prabhavasvAmI, ( 4 ) sayyambhavasvAmI, (5) yazobhadrasUri, (6) sambhUtivijaya, (7) bhadrabAhusvAmI, (8) sthUlabhadrasvAmI, (9) Arya mahAgiri, (10) Arya suhastI, (11) Arya susthita tathA Arya supratibuddha, ( 12 ) indradinnasUri, (13 ) Arya dinnasUri, (14 ) siMhagirisUri, (15) vajrasvAmIsUri, ( 16 ) vajrasenasUri, (17 ) candrasUri, ( 18) sAmantabhadrasUri, (19) vRddhadevasUri, (20) pradyotanasUri, ( 21 ) mAnadevasUri, ( 22 ) mAnatuMgasUri, (23) vIrasUri, ( 24 ) jayadevasUri, ( 25 ) devAnandasUri, (26 ) vikramasUri, ( 27 ) narasiMhamUri, (28) samudrasUri, ( 29 ) mAnadevasUri, ( 30 ) vibudhaprabhasUri, ( 31 ) jayAnandasUri, (32) raviprabhasUri, (33) 1. paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI : jainadharma, pR0 309 / 2. J. G. Buhler : The Indian sect of Jainas, P. 77. 3. paM0 kalyANavijayagaNi : zrIpaTTAvalIparAgasaGgraha, 10 241 / 4. zrI pArzva : aJcalagaccha digdarzana ( gujarAtI), pR0 9-10 /
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________________ 114 ravizaMkara mizra yazobhadrasUri, ( 34 ) vimalacandrasUri, ( 35 ) udyotanasUri, ( 36 ) sarvadevasUri, ( 37 ) padmadevasUri, (38) udayaprabhasUri, (39) prabhAnandasUri, ( 40 ) dharmacandrasUri, (41) suvinayacandrasUri, (42) guNasamudrasUri, ( 43 ) vijayaprabhasUri, (44) naracandrasUri, (45 ) vIracandrasUri, (46) munitilakasUri, ( 47 ) jayasiMhasUri / ___ jayasiMhasUri ke pazcAt AryarakSitasUri hue| inhIM ke dvArA aJcalagaccha kI sthApanA huii| inake dvArA sthApita aJcalagaccha kI paTTAvalI nimnAnusAra upalabdha hotI hai48. AryarakSitasUri : janma vi0 saM0 1136, dIkSA saM0 1142, gacchasthApanA saM0 1159, svargagamana saM0 1236 / 49. jayasiMhasUri : janma saM0 1179, dIkSA saM0 1197, AcAryapada saM0 1202, svarga gamana saM0 1258 / 50. dharmaghoSasUri : janma saM0 1208, dIkSA saM0 1216, AcAryapada saM0 1234, svargagamana sN01268| 51. mahendrasiMhasUri : janma saM0 1228, dIkSA saM0 1237, AcAryapada saM0 1263, svarga gamana saM0 1309 / 52. siMhaprabhasUri : janma saM0 1283, dIkSA saM0 1291, AcAryapada saM0 1309, svargagamana saM0 1313 / 53. ajitasiMhasUri : janma saM0 1283, dIkSA saM0 1291, AcAryapada saM0 1314, svarga gamana 1339 / 54. devendrasiMhasUri : janma saM0 1299, dIkSA saM0 1306, AcAryapada saM0 1323, svarga gamana saM0 1371 / 55. dharmaprabhasUri : janma saM0 1331, dIkSA saM0 1341, AcAryapada saM0 1359, svargagamana sN01393| 56. siMhatilakasUri : janma saM0 1345, dIkSA saM0 1352, AcAryapada saM0 1371, svarga gamana saM0 1395 / 57. mahendraprabhasUri : janma saM0 1363, dIkSA saM0 1375, AcAryapada saM0 1393, svarga gamana saM01444 / 58. merutuGgasUri : janma saM0 1403, dIkSA saM0 1410, AcAryapada saM0 1426, svargagamana saM01471 / / 59. jayakotisUri : janma saM0 1433, dIkSA saM0 1444, AcAryapada saM0 1469, svargagamana saM0 1500 / 60. jayakesarIsUri : janma saM0 1471, dIkSA saM0 1475, AcAryapada saM0 1494, svargagamana saM0 1541 / 61. siddhAntasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1506, dIkSA saM0 1512, AcAryapada saM0 1541, svargagamana saM0 1560 / zrI pArzva : aJcalagaccha digdarzana (gujarAtI), pR0 10 / 1.
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________________ 115 aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya 62. bhAvasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1516, dIkSA saM0 1520, AcAryapada saM0 1560, svarga gamana saM0 1583 / 63. guNanidhAnasUri : janma saM0 1548, dIkSA saM0 1557, AcAryapada saM0 1584, svarga gamana saM0 1602 / 64. dharmamUrtisUri : janma saM0 1585, dIkSA saM0 1599, AcAryapada saM0 1602, svarga gamana saM0 1671 / 65. kalyANasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1633, dIkSA saM0 1642, AcAryapada saM0 1649, - svargagamana saM0 1718 / 66. amarasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1664, dIkSA saM0 1675, AcAryapada saM0 1684, svarga gamana saM0 1762 / 67. vidyAsAgarasUri : janma saM0 1747, dIkSA saM0 1758, AcAryapada saM0 1762, svarga gamana saM0 1797 / 68. udayasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1763, dIkSA saM0 1777, AcAryapada saM0 1797, svarga gamana saM0 1826 / 69. kIrtisAgarasUri : janma saM0 1796, dIkSA saM0 1809, AcAryapada saM0 1826, svarga gamana saM0 1843 / 70. puNyasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1817, dIkSA saM0 1833, AcAryapada saM0 1843, svarga gamana saM0 1870 / 71. rAjendrasAgarasUri : inake janmAdi ke viSaya meM koI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| mAtra itanA hI ki inakA janma sUrata meM tathA svargagamana saM0 1892 meM mANDavI meM huaa| 72. muktisAgarasUri : janma saM0 1857, dIkSA saM0 1867, AcAryapada saM0 1892, svarga gamana saM0 1913 / 73. ratnasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1892, dIkSA saM0 1905, AcAryapada saM0 1914, svarga __gamana saM0 1928 / 74. vivekasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1911, dIkSA evaM AcAryapada saM0 1928, svargagamana __ saM0 1948 / 75. jinendrasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1929, dIkSA saM0 1936, AcAryapada saM0 1948, svargagamana saM0 2004 / 76. gautamasAgasUri' : janma saM0 1920, dIkSA saM0 1940, svargagamana saM0 2009 / 77. dAnasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1944, dIkSA saM0 1966, AcAryapada saM0 2012, svargagamana saM 2017 / 78. nemasAgarasUri' : dIkSA saM0 1980, svargagamana saM0 2022 / 79. guNasAgarasUri : janma saM0 1969, dIkSA saM0 1993, AcAryapada saM0 2012 / 1. zrI pArzva : aJcalagaccha digdarzana (gujarAtI), pR0 594 / 2. vahI, pR0 601 / 3. vahI, pR0 601 / 4. vahI, pR0 605 /
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________________ ravizaMkara mizra vartamAna meM aJcalagaccha kI paramparA vidyamAna hai| aJcalagaccha ke saMkSipta paricaya ke pazcAt hama apane vivecya-bindu kI ora abhimukha hote haiN| aJcalagaccha kI isa vistRta paTTAvalI meM AcArya merutuGga kA sthAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa rahA hai| jaina-saMskRta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM AcArya merutuGgasUri ne paryApta yogadAna diyA hai| vaise jaina sAhitya meM merutuGga nAmaka tIna AcArya hue haiM, parantu kAvyapraNetA ke rUpa meM do merutuGga hI prasiddha haiN| prathama AcArya merutuGgasUri, jo candraprabhasUri ke ziSya the, prAyaH nagendragaccha ke AcArya the| inhoMne prabandhacintAmaNi nAmaka aitihAsika grantha vi0 saM0 1361 meM pUrNa kiyA thaa|' dvitIya AcArya merutuGgasUri hI hamAre vivecya AcArya haiM, jo pandrahavIM zatAbdI ke tathA aJcalagacchIya AcArya mahendraprabhasUri ke ziSya the| - aJcalagacchIya AcArya merutuGgasUri jaina-sAhitya-kSitija ke atyanta prabhAvaka AcArya hue haiN| inake jIvana-paricaya se sambandhita mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI yatastataH abhI taka bikharI huI hai| ataH vAstavika paricaya na prApta ho sakane ke kAraNa tathA AcArya dvArA svayaM apane prati kucha bhI na likhane ke kAraNa, AcArya merutuGgasUri kI jIvana-rekhA ko rekhAMkita kara pAnA asAdhya to nahIM, para duHsAdhya avazyameva hai| upalabdha sAmagrI ke AdhAra para yahA~ inakA jIvana-carita diyA jA janmasthAna evaM kAla: marubhami mAravADa pradeza ke antargata nANI nAmaka eka grAma meM vahorA vAcAragara evaM unake bhrAtA vahorA vijayasiMha nivAsa karate the| unameM vahorA vijayasiMha ke vahorA vayarasiMha nAmaka eka putra utpanna huA, jo atyanta vicakSaNa buddhivAlA evaM dhArmika thaa| nAladevI nAmaka atyanta zIlavatI kanyA se usakA pANigrahaNa-saMskAra huaa| kiJcit kAlAnantara ekadA nAladevI kI mahanIya kukSi meM eka atIva puNyazAlI jIva devaloka se Akara avatIrNa huaa| phalataH usa prabhAvI jIva ke prabhAva se nAladevI ne svapna meM dekhA ki sahasrakiraNapuJja sahita ravi mere mukha meM praviSTa ho rahA hai| tabhI cakrezvarI devI ne tatkAla Akara isa mahAsvapna ke prabhAvI phala ko nAladevI se batAyA ki tumhArI kukSi se jJAnakiraNayukta ravi kI bhA~ti mahApratApI, tejasvI evaM muktimArgaprakAzaka eka putra janma-grahaNa karegA, jo aparigrahabhAva se saMyama-mArga kA anugamana karatA huA eka yugapradhAna-yogIzvara hogA / cakrezvarIdevI ke ina vacanoM kA dhyAnapUrvaka zravaNakara evaM usako AdarasammAna detI huI, nAladevI taba se dharmadhyAna meM atyadhika anurakta ho, apane garbhastha zizu kA yathAvidhi pAlana karane lgiiN| __ garbhastha zizu zanaiH zanaiH vRddhi prApta karatA rahA evaM vi0 saM0 1403 meM usane mAtA nAladevI ke garbha se janma-grahaNa kiyaa| vahorA vayarasiMha ke kula-parivAra meM harSollAsapUrvaka khuzI kI zahanAIyA~ baja uThIM / harSapUrNa utsava ke sAtha putra kA nAma vastigakumAra rakhA gyaa| zizu vastiga candra kI 1. trayodazasvabdazateSu caikaSaSTyadhikeSu kramato gateSu / vaizAkhamAsasya ca pUrNimAyAM granthaH samAptiGgamito mito'yam // 5 // -AcArya merutuGgasUri : prabandhacintAmaNi, granthakAraprazasti / 2. (ka) zrI pArzva : acalagaccha digdarzana ( gujarAtI), pR0 199 / (kha) AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, prastAvanA, pR0 17 / 3. paTTAvalI meM nAma nAhuNadevI hai, parantu rAsa va anyatra nAladevI hI nAma varNita hai| 4. vyAkhyAnapaddhati meM putra kA nAma vasto hai, gaccha kI gurjara paTTAvalI meM vastapAla nAma diyA gayA hai /
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________________ aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya 117 bhA~ti dina-pratidina uttarottara vRddhi kI ora agrasara hotA rahA aura usake jIvana meM samasta sadguNa nivAsa karane hetu praviSTa hone lage / dIkSA :ziza vastiga ne abhI zaizava kI kilakAriyA~ bharate hae, bAlyAvasthA kI dahalIja para apane paga rakhe hI the ki usI bIca nANI grAma meM aJcalagacchIya AcArya mahendraprabhasUri kA zubhAgamana huA / AcArya mahendraprabhasUri ke sAragarbhita muktipradAyI upadezoM ke zravaNa se atimuktakumAra kI taraha sAMsArika sukhopabhogoM ke prati Asakti rahita hokara bAlaka vastiga ne mAtra sAta varSa kI alpavaya meM hI mAtA-pitA kI AjJA prAptakara, vi0 saM0 1410 meM AcArya zrImahendraprabhasUri se dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| isa dIkSA-mahotsava meM vastigakumAra ke mAtA-pitA ne pracura dravyAdi kA dAna evaM utsava meM apAra dhanarAzi kA vyaya kiyaa| ___ isI dIkSA-mahotsava para hI AcArya mahendraprabhasUri ne isa navadIkSita munikumAra kA nAma "merutuGga" rkhaa| sUri' pada se alaGkaraNa : eka to bAlyAvasthA, dUsare muni-jIvana-donoM ke eka sAtha saMyoga ke kAraNa mani merutaja kA vidyAdhyayana sacAru rUpa se calatA rhaa| isa bAlamani ko eka ke pIche kara samasta siddhiyA~ svayameva prApta hotI gyiiN| AcArya mahendraprabhasari ke sAnnidhya meM tatkAlIna zikSA-praNAlI ke anusAra mani merutaGa. apanI baddhi-vicakSaNatA dvArA saMskata, prAkata tathA inase sambaddha vividha viSayoM ke pAraGgata vidvAna bana gaye / kAlakrama se unake caritra, jJAna evaM kriyAoM kA pUrNatayA vikAsa hotA gayA aura ve zaddha-saMyama kA pAlana karate hue apanI amatasadaza kalyANamayI vANI se sadupadeza va pravacana Adi bhI dene lge| isa prakAra apratima pratibhA se sampanna muni merutuGga ko-AcArya pada ke hetu sarvathA yogya jAnakara-AcArya zrImahendraprabhasUrijI ne saMvat 1426 meM pATaNa nAmaka sthAna meM "sUri" pada se samalaGkata kiyA / isa mAGgalika avasara para saGghapati narapAla nAmaka zreSThI ne eka bhavya-mahotsava Ayojana kara vividha dAnAdi diye / taba se muni zrImerutuGgasUri kI khyAti bahuta hI bar3ha gyii| ve mantraprabhAvaka bana gaye evaM unhoMne aSTAGgayoga tathA mantrAmnAya Adi meM pUrNa mahArata prApta kara lii| ve dezavideza meM yatastataH vicaraNa karate hue, apane sadupadezoM va pravacanoM dvArA bhavyajIvoM evaM narendrAdikoM ko pratibodha dene lge| anya upAdhiyA~ : AcArya merutuGgasUri se sambadhita aise anekAneka prabhAvI avadAtoM (guNoM) kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai, jinake dvArA unhoMne anekAneka nRpatiyoM ko pratibodhita kara jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyaa|' inhIM guNoM ke kAraNa AcAryazrI ko "mantraprabhAvaka', "mahimAnidhi" Adi upAdhiyoM se bhI sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| ziSya-parivAra : AcArya zrImestuGgasUri kA ziSya-parivAra bhI ativizAla thaa| unhoMne chaH muniyoM ko AcArya, cAra muniyoM ko upAdhyAya tathA eka sAdhvI ko mahattarA ke pada para sthApita 1. dRSTavya-lekhaka kA pI-eca0 DI0 zodhaprabandha : mahAkavi kAlidAsakRta meghadUta aura jainakavi mestuGgakRta jainameghadUta kA sAhityika adhyayana, pR0 59-61 /
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________________ 118 ravizaMkara mizra kiyA / inameM zrIjayakIrtisUri mukhya paTTadhara the / isake atirikta ratnazekharasUri, mANikyanandanasUri mANikyazekharasUri, mahItilakasUri Adi aneka vidvAn upAdhyAya va muni the / AcAryazrI ke saGgha meM vizAla sAdhvI-parivAra bhI thA / sAdhvI zrImahima zrIjI ko AcAryazrI ne "mahattarA" pada para sthApita kiyA thA / "cakrezvarI bhagavatI vihita prasAdAH zrImerutuGgaguravo naradevavaMdyAH // 3 yaha ullekha spaSTa karatA hai ki AcArya zrImerutuGgasUri cakrezvarIdevI ke viziSTakRpApAtra the / svargagamana : isa prakAra AcArya zrImerutuGgasUri anekAneka grAmoM evaM nagaroM kA pAda - vihAra karate hue evaM jana-jana kA upakAra karate hue, anta meM vi0 saM0 1471 kI mArgazIrSa pUrNimA dina somavAra ko aparA uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA zravaNa karate-karate samAdhipUrvaka kAladharma ko prApta ho gaye / sAhitya-kSetra meM avadAna : AcArya zrImerutuGgasUri kA sAhitya kSetra meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai / inake dvArA racita sAhitya, jainasaMskRti ke lie to prabhAvI siddha hI huA, sAtha hI samagra bhAratIya sAhitya meM bhI apanA mUlabhUta sthAna rakhatA hai / AcAryazrI ke granthoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM vibhinna vidvAnoM ne bhinna-bhinna hI sammatiyA~ dI haiM / DA0 rAmakumAra AcArya evaM DA0 nemicandrazAstrI ne AcAryazrI ke ATha granthoM kA hI ullekha kiyA hai / zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA AcAryazrI dvArA racita granthoM kI saMkhyA bAraha dI hai| muni kalAprabhasAgarajI ne AcAryazrI ke granthoM kI saMkhyA unnIsa kahI hai, parantu zrIpArzva ne AcAryazrI ke granthoM kI saMkhyA chattIsa dI hai / unhoMne "aJcalagaccha digdarzana" nAmaka apane grantha meM AcAryazrI ke chattIsa granthoM kA saMkSipta paricaya dete hue unheM nimna krama meM prastuta kiyA hai 1. kAmadevacaritra, 2. sambhavanAthacaritra, 3. kAtantrabAlAvabodhavRtti, 4. AkhyAtavRtti TippaNa, 5 jainameghadUtam, 6. SaDdarzanasamuccaya, 7. dhAtupArAyaNa, 8. bAlAvabodhavyAkaraNa, 9. rasAdhyAyaTIkA, 10. saptatibhASyaTIkA, 11. laghuzatapadI, 12. zatapadIsAroddhAra 13. jesAlaprabandha, 14. upadeza cintAmaNivRtti, 15. nAbhAkanRpakathA, 16. sUrimantrakalpa, 17. sUrimantrasAroddhAra, 18. jurAvallIpArzvanAthastava, 19. stambhaka pArzvanAthaprabandha 20. nAbhivaMza mahAkAvya, 12. yaduvaMzasambhavamahAkAvya, 22. nemidUtamahAkAvya, 23. kRdvRtti, 24. catuSkavRtti, 25. RSimaNDalastava, 26. paTTAvalI, 27. bhAvakarma prakriyA, 28. zatakabhASya, 29. namutthaNaMTIkA, 32. rAjamatI - nemisambandha, 33 vArivicAra, 34. padmA30. suzrAddhakathA, 31. lakSaNazAstra, vatIkalpa, 35. aGgavidyoddhAra, 36. kalpasUtravRtti / 1. zrI pArzva : aJcalagaccha digdarzana ( gujarAtI ), pR0 232 / 2. vahI, pR0 231 / 3. vahI, pR0 209 // 4. DA0 rAmakumAra AcArya : saMskRta ke sandeza - kAvya, pR0 194 - 195 // 5. DA0 nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna, pR0 483 / 6. muni kalAprabhasAgarajI dvArA sampAdita : zrI AryakalyANa gautama smRti grantha, pR0 26 / 7. vahI, pR0 88-89 / 8. zrI pArzva : aJcalagaccha digdarzana ( gujarAtI ), pR0 220 - 223 /
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________________ 119 aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya jainameghadUta AcArya zrImerutuGgasUri kI uparyukta racanAoM meM sarvapramukha va sarvasazakta grantha haijainameghadUta / yahA~ prastuta hai, isI grantha kA saMkSipta kathyAtmaka-vizleSaNa / AcAryazrI ne jainameghadUtakAvya kI yadyapi svatantra rUpa se racanA kI hai, phira bhI yaha kAvya vizva-vizruta kAlidAsIya meghadUta se anuprerita hai, isameM raJcamAtra bhI sandeha nahIM hai| jaina Agama grantha uttarAdhyayanasUtra' meM varNita rathanemi aura rAjImatI kA prasaGga isa dUtakAvya kI kathA kA Adisrota pratIta hotA hai / sampUrNa kAvya cAra sargoM meM vibhakta hai| kAvya ke prathama sarga meM 50, dvitIya sarga meM 49, tRtIya sarga meM 55 aura caturtha sarga-meM 42 zloka haiM, jo mandAkrAntA vRtta meM nibaddha haiN| kAvya-nAyikA rAjImatI megha ko dUta banAkara kAvyanAyaka zrInemi ke pAsa bhejatI hai, jise usane pati svIkAra kara liyA hai| isI kAraNa isa kAvya kA nAma meghadUta huA hai| parantu jainadharma ke bAIsaveM tIrthaGkara zrIneminAtha ke jIvanacarita para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa evaM eka jaina vidvAn dvArA racita hone ke kAraNa isa kAvya ko "jainameghadUta'' kahA gayA hai| ___ jainameghadUta kI kathAvastu jaina dharma ke bAIsaveM tIrthaGkara, karuNA ke jIvanta pratIka bhagavAn zrIneminAtha ke jIvana-carita se sambandhita hai| mahAbhArata kAla meM inakA prAdurbhAva huA thaa| inhoMne yaduvaMza meM janma-grahaNakara apanI karuNA kI parama-punIta dhArA dvArA sRSTi ke kaNa-kaNa ko abhisiJcita kiyaa| zrInemi andhakavRSNi ke jyeSTha tanaya zrIsamudravijaya ke putra evaM rAjanItidhurandhara bhagavAn zrIkRSNa ke cacere bhrAtA the| jahA~ yogapuruSa zrIkRSNa ne samagra janamAnasa ko rAjanIti kI zikSA dI, vahA~ karuNA-sindhu zrInemi ne prANimAtra para karuNA kI zItala-razmiyoM kI varSA kii| samudravijaya ne apane putra nemi kA-jo saundarya evaM pauruSa ke ajeya svAmI the--vivAha mahArAja ugrasena kI rUpasI evaM viduSI putrI rAjImatI (rAjula) se karanA nizcita kiyA / vaibhavapradarzana ke usa yuga meM mahArAja samudravijaya ne aneka bArAtiyoM ko lekara putra neminAtha ke vivAhArtha ugrasena kI nagarI kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| bArAta jaba vadhU ke nagara 'girinagara' pahu~cI, taba vahA~ para ba~dhe pazuoM kI karuNa-cItkAra ne zrInemi kI jijJAsA ko kaI gunA bar3hA diyaa| atyanta utsukatAvaza jaba zrInemi ne patA lagAyA, taba unheM jJAta huA ki ye sAre pazu bArAta ke bhojanArtha lAye gaye haiN| ina sabhI pazuoM kA vadha kara inake AmiSa (mAMsa) se bArAtiyoM ke nimitta vividha bhA~ti ke vyaJjana banAye jaayeNge| aisA jJAta hote hI zrInemi ke prANa atyadhika mAnasa-udvelana ke kAraNa kA~pa uThe aura unakI bhAvanA karuNA kI ajasradhArA meM parivartita ho pravAhita ho utthii| usa samaya aisA pratIta huA jaise karuNA-sindhu meM acAnaka pracaNDa jvAra prAdurbhUta ho uThA ho / unake karuNApUrita antarmAnasa meM anekAneka prazna AloDita hone lage ki jisa vivAha meM apane bhojana ke lie niroha pazuoM kI bali dI jAtI hai, phira bhalA usakI amaGgalatA meM sandeha kaisA ? isakA nidAna yaha, unhoMne nizcaya kara liyA ki aise sAMsArika-bandhana meM baMdhane kI apekSA kyoM na isa niSkaruNa-saMsAra kA tyAgakara sarvazreyaskara mokSapada ko prApta kiyA jaaye| isa vicAra ke sAtha hI zrInemi isa duHkhamaya saMsAra kA tyAgakara tapasyA ke saGkalpa ke sAtha vana-kAnana kI ora mur3a gye| 1. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 22vA~ adhyayana /
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________________ 120 ravizaMkara mizra ___ idhara kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI ki usa samaya haldI-car3hI, meMhadI-racI, vastrAbhUSaNoM se susajjita evaM vivAha ke hetu prastuta vadhU ke rUpa aura vivAha kI isa akalpanIya asaphalatA ne rAjImatI ke hRdaya-sindhu meM hAhAkAra ke kitane cakravAtoM ko eka sAtha utpanna kiyA hogA? isake pUrva meM apane priya kI prApti ke prati kitanI sukomala-kumArI-kalpanAe~ usane apane Antara-pradeza meM saMjo rakhI hoMgI ? kintu akasmAt yaha kyA ? vadhU kA cUMghaTa-paTa uThane se pUrva hI yaha nirmama paTAkSepa kaisA ? | parantu bhAratIya nArI bhI apane Adarza ke prati aDiga hai, vaha jIvana meM apane pati kA cayana eka hI bAra karatI hai| isI Adarza ke anurUpa rAjImatI bhI pati-svarUpa zrInemi ko apane manamandira meM pratiSThita karatI hai| zrInemi ke vivAha-mahotsava tyAgakara vana cale jAne kI sUcanA ne girinagara meM to mAno vajrapAta hI kara diyA thaa| nagara ke sabhI mAGgalika-anuSThAna samApta kara diye gaye the| idhara isa duHkhada samAcAra se rAjImatI evaM sakhiyoM ke karuNa-krandana kI cItkAreM pASANahRdayoM ko bhI taralIbhUta kara rahI thiiN| kAvya kI kathAvastu ko sahajatayA hRdgata karane ke lie aura Avazyaka sA pratIta hone ke kAraNa itanI pUrvakathA dI gayI hai / AcArya merutuGga ne prastuta pUrvakathA ke pazcAt ke atyanta kAruNika kathAsthala se apane kAvya ko prArambha kara pUnaH zrInemi ke janma se vivAha-tyAga taka kI kathA ko apanA viSaya banAyA hai, jo sarga-krama se saMkSepataH prastuta haiprathama sarga kathA : kAvya ke prathama sarga meM zrInemi kI bAlakrIDA tathA parAkramalIlA varNita hai / kavi ne kAvya ke prArambha meM zrInemi ke vivAha-mahotsava kA tyAgakara cidAnanda sukha-prApti-hetu raivataka parvata para cale jAne kA varNana kiyA hai| zrInemi dvArA-vivAha-mahotsava tyAgakara raivataka para cale jAne kI sacanA se ati kSubhita evaM kAmajit zrInemi kI bhAvI patnI rAjImatI ko kAmadeva ne, yaha jAnakara ki yaha hamAre zatru zrInemi kI bhakta hai, atyanta pIr3ita kiyaa| jisa kAraNa priyavirahitA bhojakanyA (rAjImatI) mUcchita ho gyii| rAjImatI kI sakhiyA~ apane zoka gad-gad vacanoM evaM lokaprasiddha candana-z2alA-vastrAdi-prabhUta zItopacAra dvArA usakI (rAjImatI kI) cetanA vApasa lAtI haiN| saceta hote hI rAjImatI hRdaya meM tIvrotkaNThA udbhUta karane vAle megha ko apane samakSa dekhakara socatI hai ki una bhagavAn zrInemi ne apane meM Asakta tathA tuccha mujhako kisa kAraNa sarpa kI keMculI kI bhA~ti chor3a diyA hai| ina vicAroM meM ulajhatI huI, navIna meghoM se sikta bhUmi kI taraha niHzvAsoM ko chor3atI huI tathA madayukta madana ke Aveza ke kAraNa yuktAyukta kA vicAra na karatI huI rAjImatI, jisa prakAra meghamAlA prabhUta jalavRSTi karatI hai, usI prakAra azrudhArAvRSTi karatI huI, duHkha se atidIna hokara ukta prakAra dhyAna kara madhura vANI meM megha kA sarvaprathama svAgata karatI hai, phira usakA guNagAna karatI hai| 1. AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, zloka 1 / 1 / 2. vahI, 112 / 4. vahI, 1 / 10 / 3. vahI, 17 / 5. vahI, 1411-13 /
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________________ aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya 121 tatpazcAt vaha megha se zronemi ke caritra kA vistRta varNana karatI hai, jisake antargata vaha zrI kI bAlasulabha krIDAoM evaM parAkrama-lIlAoM kA atyuktipUrNa varNana karatI hai / dvitIya sarga kathA : dvitIya sarga meM vasanta evaM grISma RtuoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisameM zrInemi kI vividha bhA~ti kI vasanta evaM grISma Rtu kI krIDAoM kA varNana huA hai / vasantAgamana se vana upavanoM evaM taDAga parvatoM kI zobhA atyanta ramaNIya va manohArI ho gayI thI / ' isa prakAra vasanta-varNana ke pazcAt rAjImatI kathA prasaGgako punaH Age bar3hAtI huI, zrInemi evaM zrIkRSNa kI vasantakrIDA kA varNana karatI hai / tadanantara rAjImatI megha se zrInemi ke sAtha zrIkRSNa kI patniyoM ko vasanta-krIDA kA varNana karatI hai / parantu vaha yaha varNana kara hI rahI thI ki tabhI puSpita pArijAta se suzobhita zrInemi ke manohArI svarUpa kA smaraNa karatI huI punaH mUcchita ho gayI / usakI sakhiyoM ne candanayukta - jaladhArA se use kisI prakAra saceta kiyA / " saceta hone para rAjImatI apanI adhUrI kathA ko punaH prArambha karatI huI, zronemi va zrIkRSNa kI vasantakrIDA ke pazcAt grISma Rtu kA varNana karatI hai, jo ki mAno svAmi- sevAzIla bhRtya kI bhA~ti apane phala kA upahAra dene ke lie vahA~ A pahu~cA thA / grISma Rtu varNana ke pazcAt rAjImatI zrIkRSNa evaM unakI patniyoM ke sAtha zrInemi kI lIlopavana meM jala-keli kA varNana prastuta karatI hai / " tRtIya sarga kathA : tRtIya sarga meM zrInemi ke vivAha mahotsava evaM gRhatyAga kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / sarvaprathama rAjImatI megha se, lIlopavana meM jala-keli kara nikale zrInemi kI apratima zobhA kA varNana karatI hai / ' jalArdra vastroM kA tyAgakara rukmiNI dvArA pradatta Asana para baiThane ke pazcAt zrIkRSNa kI patniyA~, zrIkRSNa svayaM evaM baladeva Adi sabhI zrInemi ko pANigrahaNa hetu bahuta samajhAte haiM / " apane jyeSTha, AdaraNIya janoM ke vacanoM kA tiraskAra va nirAdara na karate hue zrInemi una sabhI agrajoM kI AjJA ko zirodhArya kara lete haiM / " taba zrIkRSNa saharSaM mahArAja ugrasena se rAjImatI ko zrInemi ke sAtha pANigrahaNa hetu mA~gate haiM / ' 2 zrInemi ke vivAha kA susamAcAra jJAta hone para zrIsamudra evaM zivA atyanta prasanna hote haiM / pUre nagara meM vivAha sambandhI taiyAriyA~ hone lagIM / vivAha maNDapa nAnAbhA~ti sajAyA gayA / dinarAta madhura vAdya yantra evaM yadustriyoM ke avizrAnta svara guJjarita ho uThe / 13 vara-vadhU donoM hI pakSoM 1. AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, zloka 212 - 11 / 2. 3. vahI, 2 / 18-22 / 4. 5. vahI, 2 / 25 / 6. vahI, 2 / 29 / 7. vahI, 2 / 30-35 / 8. vahI, 2036-49 // 10. vahI, 3 / 3 - 20 / 12. vahI, 3 / 23 / 9. vahI, 3 / 1 2 / 19. vahI, 3 / 21 / 13. vahI, 3 / 24-28 / 16 vahI, 2 / 12-17 / vahI, 2 / 24 /
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________________ 122 ravizaMkara mizra meM padhAre atithiyoM kA yathAvidhi svAgata-satkAra ho rahA thA / tatpazcAt zrInemi matavAle rAjavAhya ( vaha rAjakIya hAthI, jisa para rAjA vizeSa avasara para ArUr3ha hotA hai) para ArUr3ha hokara apane sabhI sambandhI bandhu-parijana ke sAtha vivAha hetu cala pdd'e| vivAha hetu susajjita zrInemi kI zobhA dekhane hetu puravAsI atyanta vyagra se the / ' isa prakAra vivAha-hetu A rahe zrInemi kA varNana karatI huI rAjImatI megha se Age kahatI hai ki nAndIrava ko sunate hI pANigrahaNa yogya veSa dhAraNa kI huI maiM, una zrInemi ko dekhane ke lie ati vyAkula ho utthii| tabhI sakhiyoM ke-'peJjUSeSu svaviSayasukhaM bhejivatsUtsukAyAmAyAntyasmai sakhi ! sukhayituM kiM na cakSUSi yuktam ?' ( karNoM ke apane viSaya-sakha (zabda) ko prApta kara lene para apane viSayasukha (darzana) ke lie utsuka honevAlI A~khoM ko sukha denA kyA ucita nahIM hai ?)--isa vacana kA bahumAna karatI huI maiM gavAkSa para car3ha gyii| una AyuSmAn ke darzana hote hI mujhameM moha kA itanA mahAsamudra umar3A ki usa samudra kI taraGgamAlA se caJcalacittavAlI tathA jar3IbhUta sI hokara maiM kSaNa bhara- "maiM kauna hU~? vaha kauna hai ? maiM kyA kara rahI hU~ ?' Adi kucha bhI na jAna skii| abhI rAjImatI isI uhApoha meM thI ki tabhI usake dAhine netra ne phar3aka kara bhAgyAbhAva ke kAraNa usake manoratharUpI kamalasamUhoM ko sakucita banA diyaa| isa ghaTanA se ghabarAyI usakI sakhiyA~, use jaba taka samajhA sakeM, taba taka bhagavAn zrInemi ne pazuoM ke karuNa-ArtanAda ko suna liyA / mahAvata se pUchane para prabhu ko jJAta huA ki ina pazuoM ke AmiSa se vivAha-bhoja kA zobhA-sambhAra bar3hAyA jAyegA aura taba mahAvata ne-yaha nizcaya kara ki ina nirIha pazuoM ko chur3Akara maiM dIkSA prApta kara lUMgA-bandhamokSasamartha prabhu ko usa pazu-samUha ke pAsa pahu~cA bhI diyA / zrInemi ne dInatA se Upara dekhate hae evaM majabata ba~dhe hae una nabhacara, puracara evaM vanacara prANiyoM ko chaDavA diyA aura apane hAthI ko ghara ke sAmane le aaye| vASpaparita netroM se dekhate hae zrInemi ke mAtA-pitA, zrIkRSNa Adi cirabhilaSita mahotsava se nivRtta zrInemi se isa tyAga kA kAraNa pUchane lge| bhUri-bhUri Agraha karane para zrInemi ne sabhI ko yaha kahakara nivArita kiyA ki "isa tapasyA (dIkSA) ke binA koI bhI strI nizcita hI bAdhAoM ko dUra nahIM sakatI, jisakA phala sadaiva sukhakArI ho| sajjanoM kA vahI kArya zlAghya hotA hai| maiM karmapAza meM ba~dhe hue prANiyoM ko inhIM pazuoM ke samAna hI mukta kruuNgaa|" te hI ki "zrInemi vrata ho grahaNa kareMge" yAdavagaNa pathvI-AkAza ko bhI rulAte hue rone lge| yAdavagaNa abhI ro hI rahe the ki zrInemi ne DiNDimaghoSa ke sAtha apane bhavana paha~ca kara vArSika-dAna prArambha kara diyaa|" rAjImatI megha se Age kahatI hai ki apane prANezvara ke vivAha-bhUmi se- vApasa lauTa jAne ke samAcAra se utpIDita maiM vallarI kI bhA~ti gira par3I aura usa samaya utpanna duHkharUpI jvAra-bhAra yaha jJA 1. AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, zloka 3 / 35 / 2. vahI, 3 / 37 / 3. vahI, 3 / 39 / 4. vahI, 3 / 40 / 5. vahI, 3 / 41 / 6. vahI, 343 / 7. vahI, 3 / 44 / 8. vahI, 2 / 45-47 / 9. vahI, 3 / 48 / 10. vahI, 3 / 49 / 11. vahI, 3150 /
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________________ aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya 123 vAlI maiMne mUrcchA samudra meM DUbakara sukha sA anubhUta kiyaa| yaha kahatI huI vaha megha se yaha samudra meM DUbane se atyadhika kampanayukta koI tApa hI zAyada mujhe utpanna huA hai, jisa kAraNa maiM aisA anargala pralApa kara rahI hU~ / " abhI vaha phira Age kucha kahatI ki isake pUrva hI usI samaya sakhiyoM kI yaha vANI - "he sakhi ! yadi vaha agni tathA pUjyajanoM ke samakSa vivAha karake phira tumheM chor3ate, taba to nAva ko samudra meM chor3akara DubA hI dete, abhI to adhika guNavAn koI anya rAjaputra tumhArA vivAha kara hI legA " - use jale para namaka ke samAna lagI / parantu bhAratIya nArI ke eka-patitva ke Adarza kA pAlana karane vAlI rAjImatI ne yoginI kI bhA~ti una prabhu ke dhyAna meM hI sArA jIvana kATa DAlane kI apanI una sakhiyoM ke samakSa ho pratijJA kara lI / vaha megha se Age kahatI hai ki yadyapi akhila vizvapUjya mere pati ve zrInemi isa vivAhotsava ko tyAgakara usI bhAMti ise asamApta chor3akara cale gaye haiM, jaise tuma dhArAvRSTi ko chor3akara cale jAte ho, parantu phira bhI maiM gRhasthAvasthA taka unakI usI prakAra apane hRdaya meM AzA lagAye rahU~gI, jaise punaH varSA nakSatra Ane taka prajA tumhArI AzA lagAye rahatI hai / caturtha sarga kathA : caturtha sarga meM mukhya rUpa se virahavivazA rAjImatI dvArA pativirahitA strI kI dazAoM kA sUkSma varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai / sarvaprathama rAjImatI zrInemi ke dAna kI mahimA va prazaMsA karatI hai / " tatpazcAt eka varSa pUrNa hone para zarada Rtu meM sarvAGgavibhUSita zrInemi ko rAjImatI ne gavAkSa se vanakAnana jAte hue isa prakAra dekhA jaise kamalinI jala se jAnevAle ravi ko dekhatI hai / apane prabhu zrInemi ko apane sAmane hI vana jAte dekha rAjImatI prabala va viSama viraha pIDA se mUcchita ho ho rahI thI ki sakhiyoM ne zItopacAra dvArA use saceta kiyA / tadanantara "aba maiM unake dvArA kIcar3a se gIle va gande hue vastra kI bhA~ti tyAga dI gayI hU~" isa vicAra se apAra zokapUrita ho, vaha zokajalapUrNa- kumbha kI bhA~ti ho gayI / 7 apane svAmI ke jagajjIvAtu darzanoM ke pAna se puSTa aura aba ucchvAsa vyAja se rAjomatI kA dhUmAyamAna hRdaya cUne ko taraha phUTa-phUTa kara cUrNita ho rahA thA / " vaha apanI virahapUrNa donAvasthA kA mArmika varNana karatI huI', megha se apane harSavardhaka una zreSTha munIndra ke pAsa apanA sandeza pahu~cAne kA anurodha karatI hai / " vaha kahatI hai ki jaba bhagavAn zrInemi rAmajanya sukharasa ke pAna se cidAnandapUrNa ho, kucha-kucha A~kheM kholeM, taba tuma unake caraNoM meM bhramaralIlA karate hue priyamvada va akhinna hokara, mRduvacanoM se sandeza kahanA ki jo niSpApA maiM Iza-dvArA pahale svIkAra kara lI 1. AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, zloka 3151-52 / 3. vahI, 3 / 54 / 5. vahI, 4 / 1 2 / 7. vahI, 4 / 6 / 9. vahI, 4 / 8-10 / 11. vahI, 4 / 13 / 2. vahI, 3 / 53 / 4. vahI, 3 / 55 / 6. vahI, '4 / 3-4 | 8. vahI, 4 / 7 / 10. vahI, 4 / 11 /
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________________ 124 ravizaMkara mizra jAkara striyoM kI mukuTAyita banA dI gayI thI, Aja vahI rAjomatI Apa dvArA dUra haTAyI jAne para zokarUpI kSAra-samudra se saGgata hone se duHkho cittavAlI hokara Apa se nivedana karatI hai / ' anta meM vaha apane svAmI zrInemi ke prati apanA vistRta sandeza batalAtI hai| apane usa sudIrgha sandeza meM rAjImatI zrInemi se jyAdA javAba-talaba hI karatI hai, apane hRdaya kA udghATana kama / kavi ne yahA~ para rAjImatI kI viraha-vyathA ko atyuttama DhaGga se vyaJjanApUrNa zailI meM abhivyajita kiyA hai| rAjImatI kI sakhiyA~, usakI viraha-vedanA tathA usakA isa prakAra kA sandeza-kathana dekhakara, use bahuta samajhAtI haiM tathA isameM sArA doSa moha kA hI batalAtI haiN| sakhiyA~ isa mahAmoha ko bodharUpI zastra se naSTa kara DAlane kA parAmarza rAjImatI ko detI haiM aura prabhu zrInemi kI vizeSatAoM kA varNana karatI huI rAjImatI ko samajhAtI haiM ki "he buddhimati ! usa varavaNinI ko, raGgarahita pASANakhaNDoM ko raGgIna banAte hue dekhakara yaha na vizvAsa kara lo ki maiM bhI to varavarNino hU~, ataH maiM bhI bhagavAn zrInemi ko rAgaraJjita kara lU~gI, kyoMki vaha pASANa to nAma se cUrNa hai, parantu ye bhagavAn zrInemi vaha akRtrima hIrA haiM, jise adhika caTakIle raGgoM se bhI nahIM raGgA jA sakatA hai|"6 rAjImatI sakhiyoM ke ukta vacanoM ko sunakara apane zoka kA parityAga kara detI hai aura apane pati ke dhyAna se sAvadhAna buddhivAlI vaha tanmayatva ( svAmimayatva ) prAptakara, kevalajJAna-prApta apane prabhu zrInemi kI zaraNa meM jAkara, vratagrahaNa karake svAmI ke dhyAna se svAmI kI hI taraha rAgadveSAdirahita hokara, svAmI ke prabhAva se gine hue kucha hI dinoM meM parama Ananda ke sarvasva mokSa kA varaNa kara, anupama tathA avyaya saukhya-lakSmI ko prApta kara, zAzvata-sukha kA upabhoga karatI hai| isa prakAra AcArya zrImarutuGgasUri ne apane isa sandezaparaka kAvya meM nizcayameva pAThakoM ke samakSa eka aisA ati gUr3ha viziSTa sandeza diyA hai, jisameM tyAga-pradhAna jIvana ke prati eka divya jyoti prakAzita milatI hai| zRGgAraparaka isa kAvya kA zAnta rasa meM paryavasAna kara tathA zrInemi jaise mahApuruSa ko isa kAvya kA nAyaka banAkara AcArya merutuGga ne pAThakoM ke sammukha zAntarasa kA jaisA Adarza prastuta kiyA hai, vaise AdarzapUrNa satsAhitya se hI saMsAra meM vizvaprema kI bhAvanA udbhUta ho sakatI hai| yaha zAnta rasa hI tRSNAoM kA kSaya karatA hai, manuSya ko mAnava-dharma kI smRti karAtA hai aura mAnava-hRdaya meM "sarve bhavantu sukhinaH" kI bhAvanA udbhUta karatA hai| - zodha sahAyaka, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna ____ AI0 TI0 AI0 roDa, vArANasI-5 1. AcArya merutuGga : jainameghadUtam, zloka 4 / 14 / 2. vahI, 415-36 / 3. vahI, 4138 / 4. vahI, 4 / 39 / 5. vahI, 4140 / 6. vahI, 4141 / 7. vahI, 4 / 42 /
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________________ aJcalagacchIya AcAryamerutuGga evaM unakA jainameghadUtakAvya 125 sandarbha-grantha-sUcI 1. jaina dharma-paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI, prakAzaka-bhAratIya digambara jaina saMgha, caurAsI, mathurA ( u. pra.); paJcama saMskaraNa; san 1975 / 2. aJcalagaccha digdarzana-zrIpArzva prakAzaka-zrI mumukSu aJcalagaccha jaina samAja, govinda kuJja, neharU roDa, muluNDa, bambaI-80; prathama saMskaraNa; san 1968 / 3. zrIpaTTAvalIparAgasaGgraha-paM0 kalyANavijayagaNi; prakAzaka-zrI0 ka0 vi0 zAstrasaGgraha samiti, zA0 munilAla jI thAnamala jI, zrIjAlora (rAja.); prathama saMskaraNa; san 1966 / 4. prabandhacintAmaNi-AcArya merutuGga (prathama); prakAzaka-sindhI jaina jJAnapITha, zAnti niketana (baGgAla); prathama saMskaraNa; san 1933 / 5. jainameghadUtam-AcArya merutuGgaH sampAdaka - zrIcaturavijayamuni; prakAzaka- jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara; prathama saMskaraNa; san 1924 / 6. mahAkavi kAlidAsakRta meghadUta aura jainakavi merutuGgakRta jainameghadUta kA sAhityika adhyayana-lekhaka kA pI-eca0 DI0 zodha-prabandha; upalabdha-pA0 vi0 zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI-5 / 7. saMskRta ke sandeza-kAvya-DA0 rAmakumAra AcArya prakAzaka-DA0 rAmakumAra AcArya, saMskRta vibhAga, rAjakIya kAleja, ajamera; prathama saMskaraNa; san 1963 / 8. saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jainakaviyoM kA yogadAna-DA0 nemicandra zAstrI; prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 3620 / 21 netAjI subhASa mArga, dillI-6; prathama saMskaraNa; san 1971 / 9. zrI Arya kalyANa gautama smRti grantha -(sampAdaka) muni zrIkalAprabhasAgara jI, bambaI / 10. The Indian Sect of the Jainas--J. G. Buhler; Publisher-Luzac of Co, 46, Great Russell Street, London; 1903.