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Vaishali Institute Research Bulletin No. 6
aspect, each substance is endowed with the factor-permanence (dhrauvya), while it is called a substance endowed with the factors-origination and decay (utpada and vyaya) because of its non-eternal aspect. An entity appears to be only as permanent or only as non-permanent as a result of non-disappearance of one aspect of disappearance of the other one and cognizance respectively from the point of view of these two aspectseternal and non-eternal. That is to say, the entire real nature of a substance can be comprehended by its two aspects --eternal and noneternal and true cognizance. In support of this view on the nature of Reality Acārya Kundakunda maintains that 'in fact every entity is characterized by existence; and it is with regard to only one aspect that every object suffers origination and destruction. Therefore, a substance is existence itself, because there is nothing as quality nor as modification in its absence and that substantiality (dravyatva) is a condition of positive existence. 4 It flows (i.e. continues through transformation) or maintains its identity through its several qualities and it is non-different from its sattā (being). It is further explained; “In a substance some modification originates and some other passes away; but the substantiality neither originates nor is destroyed”.6 In a nutshell, the nature of Reality as conceived by Acārya Kundakunda
1. “Tattvārthaūtra, ed. by Pandit Sukblalji, Ch. V. 29; see auto
commentary of the Tattvärthādhigama sutra and its s'ikä Ch.
V. 29. 2. “Sadavathidani sahāve davvam davvassa jo hi pariņāmo / Attbesu so sahāvo țhidisambhavanasasambhaddho ll”,
Paravacanasara, II, 7. p. 134. “Uppada ya vinäso vijjadi savvassa atthajādassa / Paijāena du kenavi attho khalu hodi sabbhudo //",
Ibid., I. 18, p. 24. 4. "Natthi gunotti va koi pajjāottiba va vină davvam / Davvattam puna bhāvo tamhā davvam sayam sattä 1/”,
Ibid., II, 18, p. 153. 5. “Daviyadi gaccadi tāim taim sabbhäva pajjayāim jam; Daviyam tam bhannamte annannabhūdani tu sat ādo //".
Pañcâstikayasamayasära, 9. "Pădubbhavadi ya anno pajjāo vayadi anno / Davvassa tampi devvam neva paņaţthai na uppaņņai !
Pravacanasāra, Il. 11, p. 142.
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