________________
The explicit order of the universe is fundamentally dependent on the theory of change. If there were not potency of change there would have not been the causal-efficiency or cause-effect relationship among the objects. Causal-efficiency is the essential characteristic of an object. All the schools of thought are unanimous about the fact that in the absence of the causalefficiency nothing can exist. Many of the scientific researches and experiments are based on the cause-effect principle. The philosophy that does not believe in the reality of modification has no answer to the problem that how is the whole universe coming out of one absolute static reality ? This has really been a great problem before Vedantins. This may be a reason for which they have to accept an extra element named as Maya to answer the problem. Accordingly, it is Maya with the help of which change takes place.
The upshot is that to deny modification as real means to deny the causalefficiency. And thereby denies the existence of the whole world of being.
The whole world of being is passing through the threefold change, viz. natural, by conscious exertion and by both."" The change which occurs without conscious exertion is natural. e.g. the change of colour, taste, touch, smell, structure, motion, etc. of a material body." The change in which involves the conscious exertion, such as, the matter converted in the form of body, sense-organ, physical properties like colour, touch, size, etc. by the living being itself is of second type. The change, which starts with the help of consciousness but later on continues in its natural way', is of third type. e.g. house, table, etc. once having made by conscious being sustain and decay in their own way.
Sometimes it happens that object is changing even though there is no effect of the change on that object. In fact, change is twofold, viz.; similar and dissimilar technically known as 'sadrśa' and 'visadrśa' pariņamana respectively." The former is implicit, subtle and instantaneous. The latter is explicit, gross, lasting for some time and amenable to verbal expression." In other words, what occurs independently is the similar change. What depends for its occurrence on conditions that are external is called dissimilar. 1o The noticeable thing here is that the former is too subtle to be recognized. This is the reason an object, after having changed, does not appear to be so. In the case of the liberated self, the medium of motion, the medium of rest and the change is always similar. Apart from these all other objects have both similar and dissimilar change.
THE 4511 3tagare - FHEAR?, 2002
127
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
