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justify that r was all along a cerebral sound and there are some words where I is used instead of r and this record shows that I was more or less a feature in the Eastern region of India. Hence, there is no irregularity that r becomes l in Māgadhi, where it is generalised as one of the distinct features whereas in Sanskrit it was in a fluid stage. 2. On the Development of Sanskrit j into y In Māgadhi :
In Māgadhi, palatal j is substituted by semivowel y. For example
jāyate = yāyade, jānāti = yānādi, fanapadaḥ= yaṇavade, arfunaḥ = ayyuņe, durfanaḥ = duyyaņe.
garjati = gayyadi. etc. Vararuci has a simple sūtra Joh yaḥ (X1.4), where he mentions only />y. Hemacandra however, has included two more sounds in his sūtra for y. His sūtra is ja-dya-yāṁ-yaḥ (4.292). The reason for the inclusion of dy and y in the sutra is to indicate that dy when becoming jy in Mahārāştri that should also be changed into yy in Māgadhi. Remembering his sūtra dya yyar-yāṁ jaḥ (2.24) he has formulated bis sutra for Māgadhi and therefore he has included dy, so that there can not be any confusion in Māgadhi for the change of dy into yy. For example adya>ayya in Māgadhi and ajja in Mahārāștri and also in Sauraseni. The reason to include y in the sutra for becoming y is to make the point clear whether the sūtra âder yo jaḥ (1. 245) would be barred or not. In his opinion even that sūtra is not applicable in Māgadhi. So Hemacandra has made this sūira in such a way. that his two sūtra for Mahārāştrī should not be applicable in case of Māgadhi. Actually Trivikrama has followed Hemacandra and so he has not added anything new to this conception.
Purușottama, Rāma Tarkavāgisa and Mārkandeya have formula. ted the sūtra for changing j into y only. Puruşottama however, has a new inclusion in the sūtra by which jh becoming yh. It is, however, difficult to understand what Puruşottama has meant by this. It appears he might have included with the idea that if ; becomes y then jh becomes yh that is to say, he has made the semivowel and aspirated one. It is also difficult to guess at present whether jh was pronounced like yh at the time of Puruşottama, that is to say, an aspirated y (which is represented by phonetic symbol Zh=zh). Purusottama belongs to the 12th/13th century AD. and that was a
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