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A CRITIQUE
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intensities and combinations of colour, taste, etc eg in respect to colour, there will be paramānus with one unit blackness, two units of blackness upto infinite units of blackness The intensities of the qualities of any given paramānu is subject to increase or decrease by its mutations into different states of association and dissociation within aggregates
Now we should be quite clear about the meaning of the statement 'a pai ainūnu possesses one colour' We have already said that an individual paramānu by itself is never an object of sensuous cognition and we have also said that paramānus are cognised by ther collective or group behaviour only Then what do we mean by saying that this individual paramánu is 'red' What we mean here is that a red paramānu will always vibrate with a frequency correspónding to the red colour The colour of a composite body would thus be determined by the resultant of the frequencies of its components
Comparing these intrinsic qualities of paramānus with those of elementary particles protons neutrons, etc we find that mass and an electrical charge(+ve or-ve) are inherent qualities of the latter if we equate the dryness, and unctuousness with positive and negative electnc charges and heaviness and lightness with mass, then a paramūnu has no mass but possesses an electric charge Fine chatuhsparsi compositions of some varganās also have no mass The quality of mass is inherent only in aștasparsi sarganas of pudgala vız audūrika, vaihtuu ūhāraka and faijas The existence of matter in a state or masslessness may be unacceptable to the modern science But some recent observations point in the possibility of such an existence
