________________
140
THE JAINA PHILOSOPHY
as non-Euclidianie it closes upon itself Motion of a paramānu under the influence of external forces may also be in višrem ie curved line But if the time of motion is one time point only, the motion is always in anusreņi
The minimum velocity of a paramānu is one space point in one samaya 33 (time point) while the
33 Samaya and Loka are two terms unique to the Jain Philosophy Samaya is the infinitesimal indivisible unit of time A comparauvely larger unit of time which is measurable is called AVALIKA and is equal to 17 x 104 seconds One āvabila covers ‘Jaganya-Yukta - Asamkhyata' samayas This number is impossible to be expressed in numerical figures but it can be shown to have definite measurable value and its lower limit can be calculated Jain mathematics express this nunibcr as greater than
143
10
10
ZA
134
yy 10 umes x where x =
and y = 10 A comparison of this Jain view with the most modern scienufic attempts and vanous methods for the accurate measurement of time might be interesting
SECOND, the present unit of ume, was earlier defined with Teferencetothe ume taken for the rotation of earth and in 1954 the International Committee of Weights & Measures standardised the second as 1131, 556,925.975 of the tropical year 1900 The second thus defined was known to vary to the extent of 1 part in 10° and did not entrely sausfy the present scientific quest Subsequently other considerations compelled them to switch over to a different form of time standard which ulumately led to the advent of atomic standards In 1964 the above Committee adopted the transition between two specified energy levels of cessium 133 for the purpose of defining the basic unit of time Cessium beam oscillators were developed and in 1967 thc Committee defined the out of fime as follows
