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The 'primitive to the Arthagistra
their respective deities 1.e. Subrahmanya for elephants, Ašvinau for horses, Pasupati for cattle, Varuna for buffalocs, Väyu for donkeys and mules, and Agni for goats (IV 3 13 16, cf commen. tary of Ganapalı-Sastri for the deities of cattle) The devicts of facing a famine are rational and not magico-religious lui Cose of danger froin rats, birds, insects, he should cause the holy ascetics perform pacificatory rites And ou Parvan d 115 he shoul order worship of rats etc (IV 3 25-27 In case of danger from wild animals, herds of deer or beasts, swarmıs of birds and crocodiles he should order worship of mountain on Parvan dass IV. 3.33-34) In case of danger from serpents, experts in the Athari, vedic lore should use magic spells On Parvan-days, he should order worship of cobras In case of danger from aqualc creatures, similar devices are to be used (IV 3.37-39) In case of dan, or from evil spirits, experts in the Atharvavedic lore or in ine practice of magic should perfora rites for destroyng evil-apirl's. The king should order worship of Caitya-trees with offerings of raised platform, umbrellas, food, small flags, and goals (IV.3.40-41) In case of any danger in general, offerings are to be made during day and night with the words "curun vasarāmah (we offer you cooked rice)'(IV.3 42). For perfornung such magico religious rites, a king should always keep in his kingdom, experts in magic and holy ascetics, capable of counteracting divine calamities (IV. 3.44).
If the calamities mentioned above take place at the line of a raid on enemy, then also some magico-religious rites are to be performed according to the opinion of Kauulya Thus in that case one should pay obeisance to deities and Brāhminus and cause the Atharvavedic rites to be performed (IV. 7 82-84). Sorcery rites,
Kautilya prescribes numerous magico religious sorcery rites for destroying the enemy Thus one should catch a charcoal burnt by lightning of a flame caused by it, and feed it with wood burnt by lightning. One should offer offerings to Rudra in this fire Then the enemy becomes burnt by this fire, wiih. out there being any remedy for it (XIV.131) In a similar rite
