________________
200 RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE JAINAS owner, or generally, to have a value. If you take a thing of value it is a breach of the vow. The other is not the breach of the vow, but try to avoid it. Fruits
The result of the observance of this vow is that you are trusted by all people, you are considered a good man; and in that way you prosper; and it develops strength of character.
As far as the future life is concerned there is the higher state and the deva state. If the vow is not taken or you soil it, then the result is untrustworthiness, you cannot carry out your ideas; and then also there is legal punishment, and then in the future state there is a miserable state in which you are all the time in depedence for your maintenance.
These 12 vratas are the special dharma of the layman, which was mentioned under the heading of dharma. Partial Transgressions
The following five things will illustrate what partial trangression of the vow consists of :
1. Accepting or buying stolen property; you did not actually steal it, but you have possession of it without the real owner's consent.
2. Giving orders to thieves : If a man is known by you to be a thief and you say to him “Why are you idle ?” “Go on with your business”, it is the same thing as telling him to steal. And the manufacture or supplying of burglars' tools is an aticāra.
3. Using false weights and measures; you do not actually steal, but you get more money from the person than you ought to get.
4. Smuggling; you steal from the government. This would include supplying an enemy with goods in time of war. If you do not want war, get away from the nation and become a citizen of a peace loving people who do not go to war.
5. Counterfeiting or imitating. That is, selling things as one thing when they are really another. This would include the adulteration of foods, etc.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
