________________ 256 : Prof. C.S.Upasak attainments. In the Isibhasiyai (No. 23) we find him described both Araht and Isi. He is said to have beleived that, by purifying the eight types of defilements (mala), one reaches a stage where he remains for ever. In the Pali texts he is said to have attained a state of "neither consciousness nor non-consciousness (Nevasannanasanna), the 'Fourth' Jhana where factors like sukha (happiness) and ekagrata, concentration) exist. The 26th Isiof the Isbhasiyajis devoted to Mayanga who may be identified with Matanga of the Pali texts. However, there occur four persons bearing this name. He may be the one who is said to be a Paccekabuddha : (DPPN. Vol. II, p. 599). The allegory of krsi or tilling of the land as found in the Isibhasiyai may be compared with the description found in the "Kasibharadvajasutra" of the Suttanipata Cf. Gatha77, Khuddakanikaya Vol. I, Nal. Ed., p. 281) and also in the Samyutta-nikaya with a little variation.. Pinga is another Brahmana parivrajaka (No. 32) whose utterances are recorded in the text. His statements may be compared with the saying of the above 'Isi Mayanga'. Both of these Isis compare the life of an ascetic with a farmer who tills the land by the bulls, sows the seeds in the field; so also the ascetics till the land of atma; the tapa or penance is the seed, samyama or moral restraint is like the two nangalas or furrows and ahimsa is the rains of the mendicants. This is the 'divine agriculture' or Dharmagarbha-krsi. Here, again, the allegory is the same as we find in the Suttanipata and in the Samyuttanikaya of the Pali Tipitaka as mentioned in the foregoing. These similar accounts suggests that the ascetics or religious wonderers had to encounter with the people for substantiating their 'unproductive'way of life. The Buddha also had to justify his monastic life by comparing it with the life of a farmer while discussing with Kasi Bharadvaja, a big landlord of his time. Isi Ping of the Isibhasiyai text is said to be a Brahmana Parivrajaka. The Anguttaranikaya mentions one Brahmana named Pingiyani of Vaisali who is said to be the follower of the Buddha. (DPPN. Vol. II, p. 199ff:) Again, in the Samyuttanikaya (I. 35, 60), another Pingiya is described as a Bhikkhu who attined Arhatship. It
