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P.7.2.88 (prathamāyāś ca dvivacane bhāṣāyām) prescribes the nominatives avām and yuvām with long penultimate a for secular language, thus excluding these nominatives from the Vedic language. Yet they occur in äväm (AB 4.8; Sana 5.7; SB 4.1.5.16 and 14.1.1.23; BAU[K] 3.2.13; CHU 8.8.1) and yuvām (PB 21.1.1).
3.2 We obtain further results by applying more strictly our rule that Pāņini's grammar is to be taken seriously. Grammatical sūtras that are not indicated as being optional must be accepted as intended to be of general validity. In incidental cases this may give rise to doubts, but no such doubt seems to attach to the following cases.
P.2.3.61 (preşyabruvor haviso devatāsampradāne) is a rule valid for Brāhmana literature (anuvytti of brähmane from rule 60; see Joshi and Roodbergen 1981, 101, n. 331), prescribing a genitive for the object of prepya and brü, if it is an oblation in an offering to a deity. It thus excludes the use of the accusative in such cases. Yet the accusative is often used in the Satapatha Brahmana, most clearly in agnişomäbhyam chāgasya vapäm medah presya (SB 3.8.2.27; SBK 4.8.2.21), agnişomābhyām chagasya havih preşya (SB 3.8.3.29; SBK 4.8.3.18), indrāya somān prasthitān preşya (SB 4.2.1.23; SBK 5.2.1.20), and chāgānām havih prasthitam presya (SB 5.1.3.14).22
P.3.1.59 (krmydsruhibhyas chandasi) is a nonoptional rule (cf. Kiparsky 1980, 62) prescribing an as an aorist marker after the roots kr, ms, dr, and ruh in ritual literature. It excludes in this way the forms akārşit, akārsih, akārşam, and arukșat from Vedic literature. Yet these forms occur, as follows: (a)kārşit (GB 1.3.4; CHU 6.16.1); akärsih
(SB 10.5.5.3; GB 1.3.11); akārşam (AVP 20.1.6; TB 3.7.5.5; TA 10.24.1, 10.25.1; GB 1.3.12); and arukşat (AVS 12.3.42; AVP 17.40.2).
P.4.4.105 (sabhāyāḥ yah) prescribes the suffix ya after sabha in the sense tatra sādhuh (4.4.98). The next rule, P.4.4.106 (dhas chandasi), makes an exception for ritual literature. The form sabhya derived by P.4.4.105 should apparently not occur in Vedic literature. It does, though, at the following places: AVS 8.10.9, 19.55.5; AVP 16.133.5; MS 1.6.11; TB 1.2.1.26, 3.7.4.6; and SB 12.9.2.3.
P.5.4.103 (anasantān napumsakāc chandasi) prescribes for ritual literature the addition of tac to neuter Tatpuruşa compounds the last member of which end in an or-23. Patañjali in his Mahābhāşya (2:441) makes this rule optional, in order to account for words like brahmasāman and devacchandas, but this merely emphasizes the fact that Pāņini's rule is not optional. Yet there are numerous exceptions, some of which occur in the following texts:
AVS 5.10.1-7 (aśmavarman), 19.7.2 (mygasiras), 19.30.3 (devavarman).
AVP 5.29.1 (suryavarcas), 6.12.9-11 and 6.13.1-3 (aśmavarman), 13.11.21 (devavarman), 19.48.14 Chiranyanāman).
MS 3.6.7 (dikṣitavāsas), 3.11.9 (vyāghraloman). VSM 19.92 (vyāghraloman - MS 3.11.9). VSK 21.6.13 (väghraloman - MS 3.11.9 and VSM 19.92).
AB 1.26 (devavarman), 4.19 (brahmasāman, agnistomasäman), 7.19 (işudhanvan), 8.5 and 8.6 (vyāghracarman).
KB 2.1, 5.7, and 27.1 (devakarman), 5.5 (pürvedyuḥkarman and pustikarman), 5.7 (pitȚkarman), 8.7 (pasukarman), 27.1 (agniştomasāman), 30.11 (rātricchandas).
