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MANAV DHARMA / 83 his forefathers have not been doing so; there is no family traditions for any wicked activity hence they avoid evils (3) Some consider differently. They think that they have been regarded as wicked persons by the worldly people, and now if they avoid evils. they will be treated as civilized and respectable persons in the society and the society may bestow some title or some good prestigious position on them and they are avoiding the sins and wicked activities. But the great learned and wise persons have not considered all these three catogories of persons as persons of suitable thoughts because such persons are only chance - seekers and they may fail at the time of proper practical examination in the field of activities. Likewise a teacher has educated his pupils well and taught them what was a merit (Punya) and demerit (paap) what was righteous and wicked activity. He advised them to perform meritorious activities and avoid wicked activity which was the cause of demerit. After some time, the teacher thought a plan of taking their practical examination. He desired to eat meat and without eating meat he would not enjoy patience. He could not tell for it to others except to his pupils, on whom he had a confidence. One of the pupil assured the teacher, not to worry and not to lose patience, every thing would be arranged for him in an earnest manner. He went to house, killed a goat and cooked the meat in a closed room. He was fully confident that none of the family members had come to know about the evil action. He (pupil) came to the teacher and while presenting the meat. narrated the whole story. The teacher then made them understand that his notion was wrong as no one had seen him inflicting injury on goat and killing it. But the supreme power - the God, the Almighty has seen him and his whole activity. Nothing is hidden from him. He is omniscient. That activity is to be taken as an evil or wicked activity, which is based on evil or wickedness, no matter whether it has been observed by any one or not. An evil is not evil by saying but because its nature is of wickness hence by nature it is an evil, which is not fit for performance by any one at any time. This is how the teacher expiained the demerit through practical example. Inflicting injury, falsehood, stealing, unchastity are not the pious duties to be done by any one or by any living being. Downfall lies in their doing and upliftment of soul lies in desisting from them. And the man, who desists himself from all such sinful activities and from such sinful thinking of doing so boldly and fearlessly is known as votary - A VRATTI.
A votary, not only tries his best to observe all the vows in perfect manner without causing any transgressions, but he also goes on observing them in the highest pure form and so he also adoptes the Digvratta and Shilvratas. The man / observer firmly believes in
