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KARMA PHILOSOPHY
151
8. Fear. All nations that are under the control of other nations tell lies through fear. Any form of slavery induces lies.
9. False politeness.
10. Sorrow. We ignorantly blame others when we are in sorrow.
These causes may impel to the telling of such lies as are not possible to be avoided by the layman; it is only gross falsehoods that he undertakes to avoid.
So the second vow would be something like this: "I shall refrain from telling falsehoods about any person, an imal, or thing, knowingly and with the intention of injuring some one;' or, stronger: "I shall not with predetermination tell a falsehood when I am conscious of the injury it will do''; or: "'I shall not knowingly and intentionally make a false statement that will be injurious to others", or: "I shall refrain from telling gross lies."
Further, the vow may be taken in several ways; for instance, "I shall observe this vow only in speech, and not mentally and bodily''; or “ I shall observe it only bodily"; or it can be taken to avoid only mental falsehoods. (Writing lies would be an instance of bodily lies, there is no speech but there is bodily activity).
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