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Jainism in Early Medieval Karnataka and in another record of 4251 Candranandi and other monks are said to have belonged to the same monastic order. But later records use such terms as the sangha, gana and gaccha to indicate the monastic orders of the Digambaras.
Anvaya is first met with in a fifih century inscription which refers to Kundakundänvaya. The records of thc 7thSth centuries are repictc with references to gana. A SravanaBelgola record of the 8th century mentions Aji-gaña of the Nimilûr Sangha. Mention is also made of Devagana' and Paralūra gaña: in the epigraphs of the western Cālukya kings during the same century. Similarly, the term gaccha which appears in a copper plate grant of Sripurusa in the 8th century, refers to Eregittūrgana and Pulikalgaccha.
The multiplication of the monasticorders is also apparent from the fact that several terms are used to explain the position of a particular order in the monastic gradations. In the 8th century, an inscription refers to three divisions of the monastic orders such as the Nandi sangha, Eregittür gana and Pulikal gaccha,? In the 9th century, the Alūla Sangha had its subdivisions damed Desiya gana and Pustaka gaccha. The Pogariya gana is mentioned as a branch of the Sena-anvaya, subdivisions of the Mülasanglia in the same century. The cpigraphs of the 10th century also refer to the hierarchical gradations of the monastic orders. The Dravida Sangha, for example, consisted of Kundakundānvaya and Pustaka gaccha during the 10th century.10 Further subdivisions into four or five grades are referred to in later epigraphs. An cpigraph of 1098 refers to as many as four gradations of the monastic
1. EC, xv, ML 73, p. 172. 2. Ibid. i, Cg 1, p 51. 3. Ibid i1, SB 97, p 43. 4. BKI, iv, no. 7, p. 7. 5. Ibid. no. 2, p. 9; KI, i, no. 3, pp. 4-5. 6 EC, 1v, Ng 85, pp. 134-5. 7. Ibid. Ng 85, pp. 134-5. 8. EI, vi, p. 36.
Ibid. x, pp. 65 T. 10. EC, vi, Md 11, p. 60.
