________________
122
JAINISM: A THEISTIC PHILOSOPHY "GOD IN JAINISM"
karmic particles. The empirical jiva, which is active, gets itself bound by karma, and it is affected by the karmas.°Ð4 Causes of Karmic Bondage: The bondage of soul with the karma is from the time immemorial. Gautama asked Mahāvīra to explain the cause of bondage.
Mahāvīra replied “Gautama! The rise of jñānāvaraṇīyakarma brings the intensity of the darśanāvaranīya-karma. From Darśanāvaraṇīya karma emerges darśanamoha-karma. Due to Darśanamoha-karma arises mithyātva or perversity of attitude and from the mithyātva karmic influx arises." The karmic material particles are first get attracted to the soul and then bound with it. The function of attracting them to a soul is performed by the activity (the activity of mind, speech and body). So the activity is called āśrava (influx), rather cause of the influx. And the function of binding of the karmic material particle with soul is performed by mithyātva (unwholesome inclination or faith or conviction), avirati (nonrestraint), pramāda (non-vigilance) and kaṣāya (passion). So they are called causes of bondage. Any activity performed there with these four, viz., mithyātva, and etc. cause bondage. This is the reason why the Tattvārtha-sūtra"says ‘Yoga (activity) alone is called aśrava; the remaining four are not called āśrava (influx), rather cause-of āśrava. Hence the function of attracting (in fluxing) and binding are done by five as mentioned above. Parts of Karmic Bondage: The karmic bondage is of four types depending on the processes of the karmic influx. They are:
Prakrti - nature of karma Sthiti - relation or duration Anubhāga - intensity of experience of karma Pradeśa- the extension of karmic particles
54 Bhagavati, 7.1.266
Prajnapana, 23.1.289 30 Tattvārtha-sūtra, VI. 1 37 Ibid, 8.4
Jain Education International
For Personal & Private Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
