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Jaina Iconography of Orissa
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and Mahavira-Gumpha of Khandagiri. Similarly the Prabhāmandal, flying figures with garlands and kevala tree are not available with the image of Mahāvīra-Gumphā instead a trefoiled-arch flanked by a pair of full blown lotuses is depicted behind him. The conventional chauri bearers, trilinear umbrella, flying Gandharvas with garlands, etc. are represented with figures of this Tirthankara available in other places as noted above. Hairs on the head of this Tirthankara except they are found in Mahāvira-Gumpha are arranged in spiral curls with a bulging at the centre. The bulging in case of Charampa figure is most prominent. The spiral curls in respect of the figure in Mahāvira-Gumpha are gathered at the top in a vertical fashion. His kevala tree is popularly known as Chatrabha. The name of the Tirthankara seems to have been derived from the colour of the red-lotus or the fulfilment of the desires of his mother to sleep upon a bed of red lotuses.
7. Suparávanātha (Fig.40)
Two images of Suparśvanātha, the seventh Tirth ankara are depicted on the inner wallsof Bārabhuji-Gumphā and Mahāvira-Gumphā of Khandagiri hill. Both the figures are found seated in meditative attitude on lotus pedestals supported by lions. The mark of cognizance in respect of the figure in Bārabhuji-Gumphā does not tally with the textual description. In the texts he has been allotted with a svastika, symbol which is only available with his figure in Mahāvira-Gumphā. A six petalled lotus flower is depicted below the pedestal of the Tirthankara as the mark of cognizance in case of Bārabhuji-Gumphā. Two chauri bearers and trilinear umbrella are the common attributes of both the images. Sirisa, the tree associated with his kevala knowledge, cymbols played in hands, oval shaped halo, flying figures with garlands held in both hands are some of the additional features of the image carved in Bārabhuji-Gumphā. Similarly the trefoiled arch, emblems flanked by auspicious jars and decorative creeper motif spreading on either sides are some of the special features associated with this Tirtharkara in respect of the figure in Mahāvira-Gumpha.
The Tirthankara image of Manikchak (Fig. 96) of Balasore district though displayed the lañchana deer in the pedestal is provided with canopy of a seven hooded snake over head. As per the text16 he is to be given snake canopy of either one or five or nine hoods for distinguishing it from the usual seven fold serpent hood of Pārsvanātha. Disregard or ignorance of this point has led at times to wrong identifications. He acquired the name of Supāsíva because he was endowed from birth with beautiful sides. This has also evident connection with his emblem of svastika which stands for good and auspiciousness. The seated Tirthankara image having a snake canopy of nine hoods at Bada Jagannatha temple of Baripada may also be considered in the light of the above description. 8. Chandraprabha
Apart from the two bronze Chandraprabha images of Achutarajapur (Figs. 62 & 65), preserved in the Orissa State Museum, four other figures of this Tirthankara are
16. B.C Bhattacharya, The Jaina Iconography, p. 60,
