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JAIN JOURNAL: VOL-XLVI, NO. 1-IV JULY.-JUNE 11-12
mention of prāṇāyāma, ṣaṭcakras and their relating concepts. In the history of Jaina-yoga for the first time prāṇāyāma was mentioned in Jñanarnava of Subhacandra and then Acarya Hemacanra's Yogaśāstra. Hemacanra's Yoga-sastra. Hemacandra's yogasastra is a blend of canonical concepts of Jaina ethics, religion and metation along with Patanjali's Yoga-sutra and tantric practices of Hindu Hatthyoga and Budhist yogic-sadhana. Let us we try to see the impacts of previous Jaina Acaryas and their works on Yoga-śāstra of Hemacandra chapter-vise.
Its first chapter deals with the importance of Yogic-sadhanā as well as five mahavratas, pañcasamitis and three guptis which were considere as the basic code of conduct of Jaina monks and nuns. Here Hemacanra follows the Jaina canonical tradition. At the last of this first chapter of his Yoga-sastra, Hemacanra deals with thirty-five mārgānusari qualities of a house holder, we do not find any reference of these thirty-five qualities of a house holder, we do not find any reference of these thirty-five qualities in Jaina canonical works, these thirty-five qualities of a house-holder first of all discussed by Haribhadra in his work namely Dharmabindu. I think that these thirty-five qualities of house-holder Hemacandra's yoga-sastra, are borrowed from Haribhadra. Similarly the second an third chapters of yoga-sastra deals with reght-vision (Samyak-darśana) along with twelve vows of house holder in detail, which are also based on the Jaina canonical work and other traditional works, such as Tattvärthasutra etc. Here one thing to be noticed that while discussing stealing Hemacandra mentions a new concept that "ill luck, slavery, cutting of the organs of any-one living being, and poverty are also the same as steeling". The fourth chapter of Yoga-sastra is devoted to the Jaina spirituality and science of meditation along with the practice of equanimity, which is the base of Jaina spiritual sadhana. In this chapter Hemacandra also mentions some brief description of medition, four basic feelings (bhāvanās), which are necessary for meditation, along with some of the bodily postures. While dealing all these Hemecandra
