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Dr. Lopainudra Bhattacharyya :Layman-Ethics as Propounded in the Story
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having drawn a certain limit of movement in each direction. According to Jain belief ten directions have been taken into consideration in this context Anarthadaņda tyāga means to curtail some articles and commodities of regular use towards minimizing ones need and enjoyment.
Every single little vow has various counterparts which are called aticāras in Jain terminology. Those who aberate practicing little vows in real sense they are called strayers and they abnegate themselves from enjoying the fruit of deeds. These aticāras are given bellow :
non-voilence: chedana (to split), bandhana (arresting), pidana (giving pain), atibhāra ropaņa (embarrassing with extra loads), bhaktapānovaccheda or āhāraņa (stop providing food and water etc.) (according to Digambaras) and bandha, vadha chaviccheda, atibhāra and bhakta pānovaccheda etc. are considered by Svetāmbaras.
Non-stealing : according to Digambaras aticāras are as : cauraprayoga, caurārtha-ādāna, vilopa, hinādhika-vinimāna, pratirūpaka-vyavahāra. According to Ardhamāgadhī literature aticāras are as : teņāhde, takkaroppaoge, viruddha rajjatikkame, kūļatūla-küdamāņe, tappadirūvaga vavahāre etc.; otherefore, vilopa and viruddha-rajjatikkame seems similar kind of activity. It means unlawful activities to plunder others property, to occupy else's land, house, office etc. illegally.
Though names are different in Digambara and svetāmbara but most of the aticāras resemble with each other in both the sects. Parallel numbers are given here.
Śvetāmbara
Digambara Anyavivāha karaņa ananga kridā kāmativrābhinivesa
para vivāha karaña ananga kiddā kāmabhoge tivvābhilāse ittariya pariggahiyā gamaņe
itvarikā gamana
