Jain Journal 2006 01

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 13

PARYĀYA : DOCTRINE OF PARIŅĀMA
Dr. Rajjan Kumar In Jain metaphysics Paryāya is considered a very important concept. It defines the condition or state or mode of a substance. It is also granted as peculiarity or particularity of state which exist in a substance. Generally Paryāya means Pariņāma. Paryāya is the integral part of Reality (Sat). In Prakrit language Paryāya is written as "Pajjāva".
Dravya and Paryāya
In Jainism Dravya is defined in the sense of fundamental entities or reals or reality. Reality has been conceived as permanent, all inclusive substance (dravya), possessive infinite qualities (guņa) and modes (paryāya) with many unique notions. That which contains, and is the basis of qualities and modifications is called Dravya (substance)'. Dravyas are six in numbers? - jiva (soul), pudgla (matter), dharma (medium of motion), adharma (medium of rest), kāla (time) and ākāśa (space). Dravya is that which keeping intact its essential nature gets changed into various beings and situations, moulds itself in various modifications.
A thing is not absolutely permanent, nor is it absolutely momentary, nor is it set in eternity, but it is only a changing continuing being (pariņāmi nitya). Dravya or reality neither gets produced nor does it meet with destruction. Productions and destructions are themselves the modifications as seen in the universe at different levels. Whenever, there is modification there is Dravya or Reality and whenever there is a Dravya there is a modification. Dravya or Reality, thus, at one and the same time, is having production (utpāda), destruction (vyaya) and continuous existence (dhrauvya)'.
1.
gunaparyāyavaddravyam, Tattavārthasūtra, 5/37 Bhagavatīvyākhyāprajñpati, 2.4.733 utpäda-vyaya-dhruuvya-yuktam sat, Tattvārthasūtra, 5/29
3.
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