Jain Journal 2006 01

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 18

Rajjan Kumar: Paryaya: Doctrine of Pariņāma
Paryaya is of two kinds from the point of view of common state - 1. arthaparyāya and 2. vyañjnaparyāya. Artha denotes effect and vyanjana is that which becomes manifest. On this etymology arthaparyaya is defined as the continuous change while the vyanjanaparyaya denotes some particular change. Both the two types of paryayas have been explained as follows--the continuous flow of the real runs parallel to the continuous flow of the duration of time, and this intrinsic change of substance is called arthaparyāya. The vyanjanaparyaya is not merely the cross-section in continuous flow of Dravya, but it has a pretty fixed duration of existence33. It is further discussed that there is a ekasamayavarti arthaparyaya (intrinsic mode of substance occurring for one moment) takes place in all the six fundamental substances due to the general changing state of substance. Origination and destruction of a Dravya occur on account of the change that all substances undergo.
An object may have a particular mode of existence for a certain duration of time e.g. a pot has got such one form for a certain period of time in addition to the molecular integration and disintegration taking place in the physical object (earth) every moment34. This paryaya of a pot is known to be vyañjanaparyaya (manifested mode) of Pudgala. Similarly, the continuous change is taking place in consciousness in arthaparyaya of Jīva, while its existence as a particular organism as a man or a deva with a determinate age in the vyanjanaparyaya of Jiva35.
Vyañjanaparyaya, which is of two kinds, viz. svabhāva (natural state) and vibhāva (particular state), takes place in Jīva and Pudgala, whereas only arthaparyaya operates in all the other four Dravyas viz. dharma, akāśa and kāla. Vyañjanaparyāya occurs due to the
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
131
Pravacanasara, II. 37
A Philosophical Introduction to Pañcāstikāyasamayasāra, p. xxxi Theory of Reality in Jaina Philosophy, J.C. Sikadar, p.50
Ibid., p. 86
Pravacanasāra, tātparyavṛtti, pp. 181-82