Jain Journal 1993 04

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 54

APRIL, 1993
213
art and iconography or have confined their study to the archaeological material from sites and areas like Deogarh, Chandpur, Mathurā, Osian, Khajuraho, Delvada, Elloră, Khaņdagiri, Sravanabelgol etc. I have also tried to contribute a bit to the field of Jaina iconography.11
While the study of Jaina iconography progressed fast, the study of Jaina architecture was comparatively a bit slow. Krishna Deva, M. A. Dhaky, Michael W. Meister, R. Nagaswamy, K. V. Soundara Rajan, M. C. Joshi, R. N. Misra, D. R. Das, K. R. Srinivasan and others have contributed immensely to the field of Jaina architecture. But for architectural difference occasioned by the 24 devakulikās all around to enshrine the images of the 24 Jinas and trikmandapa and navacatuski (Vimala vasahi, Lūņa vasabi, Kumbharia), the Jaina and Brahminical temples appear to be identical in architectural framework.
The contributions of Krishna Deva to the field of Jaina architecture are undoubtedly most extensive covering a vast span of time and area in respect of the Jaina monuments of north India which include Khajuraho, Gyāraspur, Osiāñ, Un, Jhālarăpățana, Ghāņerao, Sevādi etc 18 M. A, Dhaky has written extensively on the Jaina temples of western India, particularly on Osiañ, Ghānerão, Sadari, Naqol and Nadlai.13 Both these scholars have presented the integrated study of Jaina architecture and sculpture alongwith the iconographic features of the icons. Their coaclusions and observations tracing the evolution of Jaina architecture in relation to Indian architecture are of great consequence.
In recent years the study of western Indian Jaina temples has been done in greater detail by K. F. Sompura and Harihar Singh.14 In almost all the recent studies on Jaina temples a synthesis between architecture and sculpture has been established to show their correspondence and interdependence.
11 Maruti Nandan Tiwari, Jaina Pratimāvijñāna, 1981; Elements of Jaina Iconogra
phy, 1983; Khajuraho kā Jaina Purătattva, 1987; Ambikā in Jaina Art and Architec
ture, 1989. 12 Krishna Deva, 'The Temples of Khajuraho in Central India', Ancient India, No. 15,
1959: Mälädevi Temple at Gyāraspur', Mahavira Jaina Vidyalaya Golden Jubilee Volume. Bombay, Pt. I. Bombay, 1968; Temples of North India, New Delhi, 1969: Aspects of Jaina Art and Architecture (Ed. U.P. Shah), 1975; Jaina Art and Archi
tecture (Ed. A. Ghosh) Vol. I, 1974, Vol. II, 1975. 13 M. A. Dhaky, Some Early Jaina Temples in Western India', Mahāvira Jaina Vidya
laya Golden Jubilee Volume, Pt. I, Bombay, 1968; 'The Chronology of Solanki Temples of Gujarat', Jr. Madhya Pradesh Itihas Parishad, No. 3, 1961; Aspects
of Jaina Art and Architecture (Ed. U. P. Shah), 1975. 14 K, F. Sompura, The Structural Temples of Gujarat, 1968; Harihar Singh, Jaina
Temples of Western India, 1982.