Jain Journal 1989 07

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 22

JULY, 1989
the stage of speculation or iha) after perceiving an object.11 It is, therefore, self-explanatory that-according to the author of the T.S.Bh.-in the apaya stage of the cognitive process the incorrect possibilities are excluded in the course of a deliberate inquiry and only the accurate hypothesis remains. We may also note that the opinion quoted by Yasovijaya in Jaina-tarka-bhāṣā12 is testified positively by the set of synonyms, given in the Bhasya 1.15, related to dharaṇā or retention of the resultant cognition."13
19
Having taken into consideration that the synonyms of apaya of the second group are Past Passive Participles denoting a result of a cognitive operation indicated by the first division of the synonyms, i.e., they are to indicate the hypotheses excluded due to the examining process of apaya, we may state that to the author of the Bhasya the perceptual judgement (apaya) is not a mere process of negative analysis leading to a determinate judgement but it includes, as well, the result of such inquiry the cognitive process and the final decision are inseparable. The above ascertainment is justified also by a statement found in the Bhasya commenting upon the T.S., I.11:
"Sensuous cognition is conditioned by a perceptual judgement and by actual substances."14
11 T.S.Bh.; "avagrhite visaye samyag asamyag iti guna-dosa-vicaranadhyavasayapanodo payah.";
In this connection I would like to point out-in order of better understandinganother possibility of interpreting this passage according to which the opinion expressed in T.S.Bh. might be unanimous with the Agamic conception of apaya as well as with Jinabhadra's statement concerning the nature of the perceptual judgement: "The perceptual judgement is after perceiving an object-(threefold, namely) a speculation upon and apprehention of the correctness and the inaccuracy (of our earlier hypotheses) as well as removing the uncorrect suggestions or doubts"; but such construction is rather hardly tenable.
12 J. T. Bh., I, (7). § 15;
"asadbhutartha-visesa-vyatirekavadharanam apayah, sadbhutartha-visesavadharanam
ca dharana."
13 T.S.Bh., I. 15;
"dharana pratipattir avadharanam avasthanam niscayo, vagamah avabodha ityanarthantaram."
14 T. S. Bh., I. 11;
"apaya-sad-dravyataya mati-jnanam”.