Jain Journal 1989 07

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 21

JAIN JOURNAL
(a) ‘apāya' is formed with the help of ac-suffix and therefore it means literally ; "going away ; destruction ; annihilation" (the Prakrit form ‘avāya' having similar meaning);
(b) 'apagama', being formed with the ap-suffix forming abstract nouns, has therefore the meaning "going away ; departure ; destruction” (the Prakrit form has got similar meaning) ;
(c) 'apanoda as well as 'apavyādha' take the ghañ-suffix5 and bear the meaning "removing ; taking away" (the Prakrit form 'avaņoya meaning "eliminating ; elimination”) and “piercing ; removing ; removal” respectively.
Unlike the active meaning of the words belonging to the first group, the synonyms of the second division are Past Passive Participles, We can, therefore, ask why the author of the Bhāşya has combined terms gramatically bearing opposite or rather contradictory meaning as synonyms ?
In the Jaina epistemology the terms under examination denote rather a cognitive process although their etymological meaning is slightly different. Apāya or perceptual judgement is defined in Sarvärthasiddhie as "comprehending of the true nature on account of the distinctive cognition (nirjñāna) of particular characteristics”.? A closer examination of the definition of the perceptual judgement (apāya) found in T.S.Bh. may lead us to the conclusion that the author upheld the opinion, quoted and criticized by Jinabhadra: as well as by Yasovijaya, which regarded apāya as only excluding the non-existent characteristics:10
"The perceptual judgement is a removal of the mental process analysing the pros and cons (of the hypotheses dealing with) the real and the non-existing (qualities : the hypotheses that were formed previously at
5 see also "Laghusiddhantakaumudi", No. 905, 906 and 932. • S. Si., I. 15. 7 compare N. Tatia, p. 41. 8. Vibh. 185 ; after N. Tatia, p. 41. • J.T. Bh., I. (7). $ 15. 10 vide N. Tatia, p. 41.