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at the most. After that period embryo dies or takes a birth through a vulva.8
On account of sinful actions of previous births one could live as an embryo for a maximum period of 24 years by descending again to the same embryo after the first twelve years. In Jaina treatises, technically it is called kaya-sthiti of embryo.
Tandulaveyaliya and Vicara-ratnākara of Sri Kirtivijay Upadhyaya describe the developing process of human embryo during different months of pregnancy.10 In the first week of pregnancy sperms and blood combine to form a liquid solution and in the second week it becomes more solid, in the third week the formation of new tissues takes place and in the fourth week tissues multiply in number. At the end of the first month, the weight of embryo rises to three kärṣās i.e. 48 māṣās or 240 guñjās. During the second month, the embryo looks like a cubic piece of tissues and develops more solid form. In the third month the mother desires a particular thing because of the embryo. During the fourth month of pregnancy, different parts of the mother's body such as breast or mammary glands get nurished. In the fifth month, formation
8 gabbhatthii manussinukkittha hoi barasa parisanam
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-Pravacano-saroddhara, p. 401A
(4) manussi gabbhe nam bhante manussi gabbhe tti kalao kevacciram hoi ? goyama! jahannenam antomuhuttam ukkosenam varasa samvaccaraim -Bhagavati-sutra, Part I, p. 98.
koi puna pavakari varasa sanvaccharaim ukkosam
acchai u gabbhavase asuippabhave asuiyam mi
-Tandulaveyaliya-payanna, p. 14A.
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(5) kayabhavatthe nam bhante kayabhavatthe tti kalao kevacciram hoi ? goyama jahannenam antomuhuttam ukkosenam cauvisam samvaccharaim -Bhagavati-sutra, Part I, p. 98.
gabbhasaya kayathii narana cauvisa varisaim
-Pravacana-saroddhara., p. 401A.
tu sabdat manusyatirascam kayasthitih caturvimsativarsapramana..tavat sthitiriti -Tandulaveyaliya-payanna, p. 6.
Jain Education International
imo khalu jivo ammapiu samyoge mauuyam piusukkam tam tadubhaya samsattham kalusam kibbisam tappaddhamae aharam aharitta gabbhattae vakkamai (sutra 1) sattaim kalalam hoi sattaim hoi abbuyam abbuya jae pesi pesio ya dhanam bhave to padhame mase karisunam palam jayai. vie mase pesi sanjayae dhana. taie mase maue dohalam janai cauthe mase maue angaim pinei. pancame mase panca pindiyao panim payam siram ceva nivvattei, cchatthe mase pittasoniyam uvacinei. sattame mase sattasira sayaim (700) pancapesi sayaim (500) navadhamanio navanauim ca romakuvasayasahassaim nivvattei (9900000) binakesamamsuna sahakesam amsuna addhutthao romakuva kodio nivvattei. atthame mase pittikappo havai (sutra 2). -Tandulaveyaliya.-payanna, p. 7.
Vicara-ratnakara, p. 171.
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