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JAINA CONVENTION 2017
Only when they are in motion, they have imaginary frequency depending on their serpentine paths and energy depending on their velocity that might be equal to Newtonian Mechanics
Though scientists believe that photon has zero rest mass yet in calculation of momentum p=mv, (p = mc), they consider that a photon has rest mass.
Photoelectric effect also proves that the photons are in the form of the most micro particles. Photon could be divided into 1 electron and 1 positron.
Solar deflection of starlight is also able to prove that photons have some mass. Due to strong gravitational force of the Sun, the deflection of starlight and apparent position of the star strictly prove that the light is made of material particles. And they must have some mass, whatever it may be. It is explained in my other article, which related with research of Dr P. C. Vaidya, regarding gravitational force of radiating star.
The modern physics believes that according to the excessive gravitational force of the Sun etc. and of the stars with a very great mass, the space around it contracts. Really speaking, according to the Jain philosophical contention, space is a single whole substance, it is non-material and inert and it has no qualities.
31CTRIC CASCO frifu all (Ref Tattvartha Sutra, Adhyaya - 5, Sutra -5, 6). Therefore, the gravitational force of an object has no influence at all on the inert space. But its gravitational force influences material object which is in its gravitational field and if the object, the Sun or a star is radiating, its radiation reduces the gravitational force of the object. This reduction proves that the energy emitted by stars or the Sun in the form of light/photons, also has a mass. If light particles have zero mass, according to the equation, a strong gravitational force of any kind could not at all influence it. From all these scientific facts and the references found in Jain philosophical treatises, we can say that in the whole universe only Paramanus are dominant.
The Experiment with Bullets
Results ofsingle slit
Results of two slits
The Experiment with the water-waves
The Experiment with Electrons
