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DECEMBER, 1883.
CORRESPONDENCE AND MISCELLANEA.
327
CORRESPONDENCE AND MISCELLANEA. KUKKUTAPADA-GIRI AND KUKKUTA distinct localities; the former near Patna, the SANGHÅRÁMA.
latter some 15 miles to the E. or S.E. of Gaya." SIR, --On the fourth page of vol. XV of the It will be seen from the above that I make no Reports of the Archeological Survey of India is accusation, but I say that General Cunningham's this passage "Mr. Beal has accused me of con. account increases the confusion which exists in founding the Vihar of the Cock's foot,' which regard to the situation of the convent known as was just outside the city of Pataliputra, or Patna, the Kukkutarama, for he states that "the situawith the Hill of the Coek's foot,' which, accord tion of Kurkibâr agrees exactly with Fah-hian's ing to Hwen Thsang, was 16 miles to the east of account," but Fah-hian places the "Cock's hill" Gaya. But it is Mr. Beal himself who has made three li to the south of Gayà, and this does not a mistake, as I particularly mention in my report agree with the position of Kurkihậr, which is 16 (vol. I, p. 16), that there was a monastery also miles or so to the east of that place, neither of the same name (Kukkuta-páda Vihdra), but does Fa-hian say anything about a three-peaked this was close to Pataliputra, or Pâtna.' The name hill, and yet General Cunningham remarks that of Kurkihår I took to be only a shortened form "the situation of Kurkihår agrees exactly with of Kurak Vihår, which must certainly have re. Fa-hian's account, excepting that there is no three. ferred to a monastery. In fact, no Buddhist peaked hill in the neighbourhood." establishment could have existed without a I think it will be seen that the difficulty before monastery, and I presume that the monastery of me at the time I wrote the note was (as indeed Kurkihâr was known as the Kukkuta-pada-giri I state) to know to what account General Cunning. Vihara, or Vihar of the Cock's-foot hill,' while the ham refers. But doubtless I overlooked the monastery at Påtaliputra was simply the Kukkuţa- allusion made to the monastery of the same pada Vihara, or Vihâr of the Cock's-foot."
name close to Påtaliputra" (although the names In reference to this extract I ask your per were not presumably the same, as the Surveyor. mission to make the following remarks :-In the General remarks in the extract given above from first place, I fail to understand what General the, XVth vol. of his Reports), and to that extent Cunningham means when he says, I "accuse him" I would wish to modify my criticism. of so and so. In the note in my book (Buddhist But the matter has become more involved, and Pilgrims, p. 132), to which reference is made, the confusion worse confounded, by what has been I was speaking of the confusion which exists written since 1861. I hope General Cunningham in reference to this "hill of the Cock's-foot." will pardon me for making some further remarks First of all Fahian places it three li south of on what he has written (undoubtedly by oversight, Buddha Gayâ; then Stas. Julien in his Index yet misleading to those less informed than himself) (Voy. des Pal. Boud. tome II, p. 452) refers to the on this subject. In the Ancient Geography of "Koukkout&ráma," and says it is the same as the India, p. 460, he says :-"According to Fah-hian's convent alluded to by Hiuen Tsiang (tome I, account the hill of the Cock's.foot was three li, p. 139), which was near Patna, and yet, he adds, or half a mile, to the south of the holy tree of the correct form is * Koukkoutapada Sanghå- Buddha Gaye. For 3 li we should no doubt read rima." und refers us to tome III. D. 6. where the 3 yojane's or 21 miles, which agrees very closely allusion is to a hill of the Cock's-foot," at with Hwen Theang's distance of 17 miles." least fifty miles from the convent near Påtna. I had myself proposed to substitute yojanas for Then I add that Burnout in his Introduction lis in Fa-hian's account (Fa-hian, p. 132 n.), and de l'hist. Ind. Bud. (p. 366n.), has stated that I was therefore gratified to find that General the celebrated hermitage of "the Cock" was Cunningham thought, in 1871, that there was situated on the mountain called Kukkutapada, "no doubt" this was the right solution (although near Gaya; after this I go on thus :-" To add only a partial one,--for we must also substitute to the confusion-the Archæological Surveyor's east for south in the pilgrim's narrative) of the Renart (1861. p. 15). identifies Kurkihar, about difficulty. But now all this is changed, for in the 16 miles to the east of Gaya, with the Kukkut- 15th vol. of his Reports, printed in 1882 (to which rima, and then adds that this situation reference was first made in this letter) I find to my agrees exactly with Fah-hian's account, excepting astonishment the following remark (p. 4, n. 2) - that there is no three-peaked hill in the neighbour. Fa-hian himself has made a mistake in placing hood." "I am at a loss" (the note continues) " to the Cock's-foot hill only 3 li, or half a mile, to the know to what account he refers. On the whole, south of Påtaliputra. Mr. Beal would correct I prefer to consider the hermitage and the hill as this to 3 yojanas, or 21 miles. But as the actual
