Basic Mathematics

Author(s): L C Jain
Publisher: Rajasthan Prakrit Bharti Sansthan Jaipur

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8 Likas 8 Jūns 8 Jaus
= 1 Jūr = 1 Jau = 1 Angula
This is a linear finger width whose symbol is 2 (two), also called utsedha sūchyangula, used for measuring height etc, of body. Five hundred such utsedha angulas make a pramārgula which is used to measure islands, oceans, rivers, mountains etc. Ātmāngula varies time to time and regions to regions and is used to measure small articles' number,
Further 6 Angulas 2 Pādas 2 Vitastis 2 Hathas 2 Rikkus 1 Danda or 4 Hathas
= 1 Pada = 1 Vitasti = 1 Hatha
1 Rikku = 1 Danda = 1 Dhanuşa = 1 Müsala = 1 Nāli = 1 Krosa = 1 Yojana
2000 Dhanuşas 4 Krošas
Lishk and Sharma have evaluated the value of a Yojana to be about 6.37 miles.49
On the basis of cardinality two sets are connected as follow :
log, (Angula) = [log2 (Palya)],
where the value of Addhā Palya in Samayas (instant) in given as follows :50 {Jaghanyaparīta asamkhyāta }2 (sixtyone digits written in decimal place value notation) { (2) 5 (15)2 (384)2 (7)2. madhyama Samkhyāta).
The ultimate fraction of space is a pradeşa, or a space-point. It is defined as the quantity of space occupied by a paramāņu (ultimate particle), which is postulated to be indivisible and endowed with one taste, one colour, one odour as well as two nuances of touch.51 An instant or Samaya corresponds to an instataneous occurence (vikāra) in a guņa of a Dravya
49. Cf. Lishk, S. S. & Sharma, S. P., The Evolution of Measures in Jain
Astronomy, Tirtharkar, vol. 1, nos. 7-12, July-Dec. 1975, pp. 83-92. 50. Cf. T.P.G., p. 104, op. cit. 51. Cf. Akalanka, Tattvarthavārtikam, 5-8-3/4/5/6, pp. 449, 450, Pt. I,
(1953), Pt II (1957), Kashi.
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