Ang Sahitya Manan aur Mimansa

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Suresh Sisodiya
Publisher: Agam Ahimsa Samta Evam Prakrit Samsthan

Page 334

Prof. Sagaramal Jain & Dr. Suresh Sisodiya: 305 cases it is found that with a slight changing of a place of articulation, a vowel changes it form. Changing of palatal i into gutturo-palatal e or vise- versa is very popular in Ardhamagadhi and other Prakrits as well. The same can be found in the case of labial u and the labio-velar o. In Amga literature the reciprocal changes of the both are very sporadic. Very bold existence of eand o before a conjunct consonant cannot be over looked. But in such occasions it is to be noted that the unit of mesurement must be short. Sanskrit r. I. aiand au be in free or with a consonant, undergo changes by the phonetic rules of the Prakrit language. There are no exceptions of this rule in the Amga literature. Sanskrit /related to a consonant becomes ili in all cases. But very few examples are available in the canons.
We find the development of rinto a. i, and wand initially into ri. But this system does not always happen in Ardhamagadhi. In very rare cases the initial ris changed into ri. Such an example is avajrarṣabha-närácaâ. Here in rşabha, the initial ris changed into ri, thus the word risaha is found in the canonical texts. Besides changing of ai and au into e and o respectively some times asand au become prevalent in Prakrit.
Development of Single Consonants 2 . All the consonants of Prakrit have been used in the Ardhamagadhi of Amga canonical literature. No Single consonants without vowel are found as per normal phonetic rule admitted in prakrit. Similarly like other prakrits, the initial consonants in a word, in most cases, become unchanged. 1. In the Amga literature, the initial kot a word remains unchanged, except in few cases. Such as k, kh - kubja, khujja (Th. 6.31; Bh 14:81; Pan 1.37, Vip 1.9.35), khujjatta (A 2.54), khujja (Bh. 9.144, 146; 11.159; Nă 1.1.82; Amta 3.58), Khujjiya (A. 6.8). There are some examples found in the Amga literature where k becomes g, such as, kuhara, guhara (Pan. 4.5), k>c; eg. Kirátaputra »cilāputta (Nā. 1.18.62.1), Kirāti cilai (Nā.1.1.82), kirātikā, cilai å (Bh. 9.144), kirāta) cilaya (Na 1.18.6,8,11,12; Pan 1.21)
In the aforesaid three cases, changing of kinto kh, g, and chas three different causes. It is due to accent that the kof kubja becomes aspirated and changes into kh. In case of k becoming g in guhara is