Distribution Of Variant Endings U Au And A In Apabhramsa Verses In Hemacandras Prakrit Grammar

SR No.: 269457
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Herman Tiken
Publisher: Herman Tiken
Total Pages: 31
Language: English
Classification: Article
File Size: 3 MB

Page 15

VARIANT ENDINGS -U,-AÜ AND -A IN THE APABHRAMSA VERSES
dry with sighs the bodice which was made wet by tears". lahui hūā in 383 and cunni hoisaï in 395, 2, however, are compounds.
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8.
The derivatives of the gerundive in (i)tavya invariably have the long or extended endings: -au (evv-ai) and -a (ev-a). The same situation is found in the Harivamsapurāņa (p. 171) and in later Apabhramsa texts (see below, Section 8). In Apabhramsa the old gerundive functions as an adjective of obligation and as a so-called infinitive. Adjectives of obligation: 438, 2d: savvu sahevvaŭ hoi "All that is to be borne", and possibly karievvau in 438, 1c (see below). Infinitives: 438, 3a: soevă para väria [pupphavaihi samănu] "It is absolutely forbidden to sleep with women while they are menstruating"; id., c: jaggeva puņu ko dharaï [jaï so veu pamänu] "But who would survive to stay awake, if this excitement (vega) is the measure of things?", and 438, lcd: mahu karievvaü kim pi navi marievvaŭ para dijjaï "I prefer to die than do something like that",32
An exception (in not having the long or extended ending) is devam in 441, 1: devam dukkaru niaadhanu "It is difficult to give away one's own wealth". It should be noted that this verse has almost certainly been composed ad hoc for the purpose of illustrating the grammatical facts mentioned in the sutra (see Alsdorf, Apa-Studien, p. 71).
The occurrence of the extended ending in the adjectives of obligation agrees with the principle already referred to above. As to the occurrence of the long endings in the so-called infinitives, reference may be made to J. Bloch, who explains the origin of this use from the use of the gerundive as a predicate: maya gantavyam "There will be, there is for me the act of going" (L'Indo-aryen, p. 282, Engl. trsl., p. 278). For instances of the gerundive as an action noun, see Hala's Sattasai: roiavva 348, simjiavva 392, rūsiavva 466, khijjiavva 514, and, extended with -ka, ramiavvaa 461. From the examples given by Bloch (L'Indo-aryen, p. 280ff., Engl. trsl., p. 277ff.) it appears that in the New Indo-Aryan languages, too, these words invariably have the long or the extended endings, even though for the extended ending only one example is given, namely Braj calibau.
7.
The exceptions to the pattern
The exceptions can be divided into two categories. The first consists