Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
In the first three verses, it has been stated that although the substance of the living being (Jiva) is subject to birth and death in the form of human, animal, etc., according to the **Paryaya** (relational) viewpoint, yet according to the **Dravya** (substance) viewpoint, the **Satrupa** (existing substance) does not perish, and the **Asatrupa** (non-existing substance) is not born. Here, someone may doubt that if the living being does not experience birth and death, then how is it proven that this living being stays in the **Bhogabhumi** (realm of experience) for three **Palyas** (units of time) and then dies, or stays in the **Devagati** (heavenly realm) or **Narakagati** (hellish realm) for thirty-three **Sagaras** (units of time) and then dies? The answer is that this state of three **Palyas**, etc., mentioned for the living beings, is the measure of the state of the **Paryaya** (relational) of the **Dev** (god) or **Manushya** (human) born from the **Uday** (arising) of the **Namakarma** (karmic influence) called **Dev** or **Manushya** (god or human), and not of the **Jiva** (living being) substance. There is no contradiction in this, as illustrated by the example of a bamboo stick. Just as in a very large bamboo stick, many knots are present in their respective places, these knots are not present on top of each other, i.e., each knot or **Parya** (segment) has its own distinct existence, but the bamboo stick is present in all the **Paryas** (segments) in a **Anvayarupa** (consequential) manner, yet it can be said that it is not in the same place in the second **Parya** (segment) as it is in the first **Parya** (segment). Similarly, in this **Jiva** (living being) substance, like the bamboo stick, there are many **Paryas** (relational states) like human, animal, etc., present in their respective times of **Ayukarma** (life-span karma) **Uday** (arising). These **Paryas** (relational states) are not present in the time of each other's **Paryas** (relational states) - all **Paryas** (relational states) are distinct, and this **Jiva** (living being) is present in all its **Paryas** (relational states) in a **Anvayarupa** (consequential) manner, yet it can be said that it is not in the **Dev** (god) etc. **Paryas** (relational states) in the form of **Manushya** (human) etc. **Paryas** (relational states). In other words, it is proven that the same **Jiva** (living being) is eternal and the same **Jiva** (living being) is impermanent. How? It is said that just as when **Devadatta** is seen from the perspective of a son, the aspect of fatherhood is secondary, and when he is seen from the perspective of a father, the aspect of sonship is secondary. Similarly, when a **Jiva** (living being) substance is considered from the **Dravya** (substance) viewpoint, the aspect of impermanence from the **Paryaya** (relational) viewpoint is secondary, and when it is considered from the **Paryaya** (relational) viewpoint, the aspect of eternity from the **Dravya** (substance) viewpoint is secondary. Because what is desired is considered primary. The meaning here is that although it is impermanent from the **Paryaya** (relational) viewpoint, it is the pure **Jiva** (living being) substance, the pure **Atmadravya** (soul substance) called **Jivaastikaya** (living being body) which is eternal, infinite knowledge, etc., from the pure **Dravya** (substance) viewpoint, and it is this that should be embraced by abandoning the **Raga** (attachment) etc. emotions. It is this that should be contemplated. || 19 ||
In this way, the **Sutragatha** (verse) which was first mentioned in the first place to refute **Buddhamati** (Buddhist philosophy), was explained in detail in the second place in four verses.