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## 152
**Karma-Rampu, Part Four**
"Teg Chitiyam Bhoganonam Dis Varisse Mitti Sihurusham Mumbai."
- Aavashyak Vritti, p. 0668/1. "Sato Sharipari Duliyapoorsamitto Ham Sayanario Dinno, Tato So Kayavi Vivase Vaynan Damana Ayariyamuvaditi Bhagimmam Bayanan Vetass Nasati, Manch Sannayaghare Nanurahiy, Ato Mam Arantasss Navam Pugvam Nasiihit, Tahe Aapariya Chiti-Jai Tak Eyaras Parmahavisss Evam Sarantasss Nasah Annass Miran Vesha."
Aavashyamfavatti, 10308.
Even though the situation is like this, why are women prohibited from studying? This question can be answered in two ways: (1) Even if the material is available, women are less qualified than men, and (2) Historical circumstances.
(1) In Western countries where women have access to education equal to men, history shows that women can be equal to men. However, the number of qualified individuals is higher in the male population than in the female population.
(2) Digambara Acharyas like Kudakunda Acharya declared women unfit for even initiation due to their physical and mental shortcomings.
"Singammi Yarponam, Panatare Pahika Khadesam. Magio Suhamo Kano, Tasam Kah Ho Payajma."
Shatpahu-Sutrappahrist Ga. 24-25. Vedic scholars, giving priority to physical purity, declared women and Shudra castes generally unqualified for study: "Stree Shuko Naapiyarata."
These opposing sects had such an impact that even while acknowledging the capability of women equal to men, the Vetambara Acharyas started declaring them unfit for study without any fault.