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## Second Karma Granth: Appendix
**2**
The act of a living being touching all the pudgalas of the entire lokaakasha, while consuming the material substances in the form of the remaining audarika and other types, is called pudgalparavartan.
An infinite number of kalachakra pass in one mudgaparnal. One kalachakra is equal to 20 kotakoti samaropama, in comparison to adhapatyopama.
There are four main types of pudgalparavartan:
1. Dravya pudgalparavartan
2. Kshetra pudgalparavartan
3. Kal pudgalparavartan
4. Bhav pudgalparavartan
And each of these four has two types: baadar and sukshma. Thus, there are eight types of pudgalparavartan:
1. Baadar dravya pudgalparavartan
2. Sukshma dravya pudgalparavartan
3. Baadar kshetra pudgalparavartan
4. Sukshma kshetra pudgalparavartan
5. Baadar kal pudgalparavartan
6. Sukshma kal pudgalparavartan
7. Baadar bhav pudgalparavartan
8. Sukshma bhav pudgalparavartan
The explanation of these eight types is as follows:
1. **Baadar Dravya Pudgalparavartan:** The time taken by a living being to consume all the atoms residing in the entire loka, in all seven varganas except the aharakashariravrgana, in the form of the remaining audarikasarira and other types.
**Note:** Digambara Acharyas consider bhav paravartan as an additional type of pudgalparavartan, apart from these four. Bhav paravartan is the journey of a living being from the smallest lifespan in hell to the lifespan of a vevak vimana, taking the shortest possible time.