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## The Prapama Farmgranth
This text discusses the concept of lifespan in Jainism, specifically focusing on the difference between **anavartaaniya** (unbreakable) and **apvartaaniya** (breakable) lifespans.
**Anavartaaniya lifespan** is possessed by beings like **Tirthankaras**, **Chakravartis**, **Vasudevas**, **Baladevas**, and countless others who are born in the **Jivi-Devakuru**, **Uttarakuru**, and other realms. These beings have a fixed lifespan that cannot be shortened.
**Apvartaaniya lifespan** is possessed by the remaining humans and animals. Their lifespan is subject to change and can be shortened.
**The difference between these two types of lifespans depends on the intensity of karma.** The lifespan of a future birth is determined by the karma accumulated in the present life. If the karma is mild, the lifespan is loosely bound, and the lifespan can be shortened if the appropriate conditions arise. However, if the karma is intense, the lifespan is tightly bound, and it cannot be shortened even if the appropriate conditions arise.
**Intense karma leads to a tightly bound lifespan that cannot be shortened even by weapons, poison, or other means.** This lifespan will be completed in its entirety, regardless of external factors.
**Mild karma leads to a loosely bound lifespan that can be shortened by external factors like weapons, poison, or fire.** This is known as **apvartaana** or **akalamrityu** (premature death). The lifespan that is completed in its entirety is known as **anavartaana** or **kalamrityu** (natural death).
**Apvartaaniya lifespan is always accompanied by **sopkrama-upkrama** (the conditions that lead to premature death, such as weapons, poison, or fire).** These conditions are inevitable for beings with an apvartaaniya lifespan.
**Anavartaaniya lifespan is possessed by humans who live for countless years and are born in the 30 akarmabhumis, 56 antarvipas, and other realms.** However, **anavartaaniya lifespan is also possessed by animals who live for countless years and are found in the 2.5 dvipas outside the dvipa oceans.**