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## Gommatasar Karmakanda-36
Naming is called **namakarma**. The four other causes of **namanikshepa** are: **jati**, **dravya**, **guna**, and **kriya**.
**Jati-nimittak** names are like **gau** (cow) and **manushya** (human). **Samyoga-dravya-nimittak** names are like **dandi** (staff-bearer), **chhatri** (umbrella-bearer), and **mauli** (wearing a crown). **Samavaya-dravya-nimittak** names are like **kana** (blind) and **kubada** (hunchback). **Guna-nimittak** names are like **krishna** (black) and **rudhira** (blood). **Kriya-nimittak** names are like **gayak** (singer) and **nartaka** (dancer).
Apart from these four causes, there is no other cause for the occurrence of **sanjna**.
The **karma** word, which is devoid of the meaning of the object, is called **namakarma** in the form of **sthapana**.
**Sarisasarise davve madina jivattthiyam khujam kammam.
Tam edanti padittha thavana tam thavana kammam. ||53||**
**Meaning:** The general **karma** that is present in all the regions of a living being due to the establishment by one's own intellect in a similar or dissimilar object, is called **sthapana karma**.
**Special Meaning:** **Sthapana-nikshepa** is of two types: **sadbhavasthapana** and **asadbhavasthapana**. In these two, the object that is established should be understood as **sadbhavasthapana** in the object that takes on the form of that object, and the object that is established should be understood as **asadbhavasthapana** in the object that is devoid of the form of that object.
Further, the nature of **dravya-nikshepa** is described as follows:
**Davve kammam duviham agamanuoagamanti tappadham.
Kammaagamparijanugajeevo uvajoga parihino. ||54||**
**Meaning:** There are two types of **dravya-nikshepa karma**: **agama-dravya-karma** and **no-agama-dravya-karma**. The living being who knows the **karma-rupa-shastra** but does not use it in the present is called **agama-dravya-karma-nikshepa**.
The **karma** that is not **agama-dravya-nikshepa** is described as follows:
**Januga sarira bhaviyam tavvadirittam tu hodi jam vidiyam.
Taththa sariram tiviham tiyakalagayanti do sugama. ||55||**
**Meaning:** The body that is formed by **januga** (knowledge) and is devoid of **tavv** (attachment) is called **vidiya** (knowledge). This body is of three types and is destroyed in three periods.
**1.
Gh. Pu. 1 Pr. 17|
2. Dh. Pu. 1 Pr. 20.**